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a small, non-commercial amount of oil was test flowed in early 1973 at the
Adolphus 2K-41 exploration well drilled in the much more deeply buried northern end of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin by Mobil Oil Canada and Gulf Canada. The Egret K-36 well, drilled jointly by Amoco, Imperial and Skelly in 1973, was a critical milestone in establishment of the basin's hydrocarbon prospectivity. Egret K-36 encountered the prolific oil source rock later assigned the name Egret Member, plus thick tilted beds of porous sandstones of the Jeanne d'Arc and Hibernia formations. Despite this early establishment that all the components needed for an active petroleum system were present, there was a four-year hiatus in drilling in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin following termination of the Adolphus D-50 well in January 1975. The first well spud after the drilling lull proved that giant oil fields could be found in this basin. The Hibernia P-15 discovery well, initiated on May 27, 1979, encountered and test flowed oil from the Jeanne d'Arc, Hibernia and Ben Nevis formations. This well heralded a vibrant era of oil exploration and development that has significantly impacted the economy of the province of
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strength which acted as a sub-horizontal detachment horizon between vertically stacked zones of strain. Consequently, precipitation of salt during the first
Mesozoic rift episode resulted in partial isolation of crustal extension from extension and creation of structural traps of the overlying sedimentary column during subsequent rift episodes recognized in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin.
235:
reservoirs throughout the Jeanne d'Arc Basin. Both the Jeanne d'Arc and the
Hibernia formations are dominated by medium to coarse-grained sandstones that were deposited under high energy conditions by extinct rivers flowing from the south end of the basin during growth of northerly-trending normal faults. The Hibernia Formation also contains thin
194:(oil and/or gas). The nature of the sediments deposited during and after the three rift episodes which affected the Jeanne d'Arc Basin and the numerous complex structures formed in response to the changing stress regimes through Mesozoic time have proven critical to the basin's hydrocarbon prospectivity. First, large volumes of
332:
Additionally, the North
Amethyst K-14 exploration well, terminated on November 12, 2006 was declared a Commercial Discovery and was awarded a Production Licence effective November 19, 2007 by the Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board, a joint federal-provincial regulatory agency.
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on the Grand Banks of
Newfoundland were first awarded by the Canadian government in the mid-1960s. The first exploration well in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin was the Murre G-67 well drilled in the southern, relatively uplifted end of the basin by the oil majors Amoco and Imperial Oil in 1971. Soon after,
247:
time, the Jeanne d'Arc Basin and its surrounding margins subsided as a region. Consequently, the basin was buried beneath a northeastward-thickening wedge of mostly un-deformed Upper
Cretaceous and Tertiary strata. Continued burial of the Egret Member source rock during this final episode of passive
239:
seams attesting to occasional establishment of swamp conditions. In contrast, the dominantly fine-grained sandstones of the stacked Avalon and Ben Nevis formations were mostly deposited in shallow to marginal marine settings affected by frequent storms. The Avalon sandstones were deposited when the
165:
two or three), their ages of initiation and duration, and the orientations of extensional stresses that created different fault sets active during the rift episodes. Rift episodes were followed by initiation of sea-floor spreading first to the south, then to the east, and finally to the northeast of
230:
and calcareous shales was formally defined as the Egret Member of the Rankin
Formation. These economically important beds have been demonstrated to be present across the Jeanne d'Arc Basin. Microscopic analyses identified abundant bituminous/liptinitic detrital material and a lack of terrestrial
160:
eroded from adjacent areas of crustal uplift. Characteristics of the sedimentary basin fill and their relationships to the extensional history of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin have been variably described by numerous authors with general agreement on the applicability of rift concepts to the basin. There
366:
North
Amethyst is the first tie-back field in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, with production tied into the White Rose Field facilities. The Hibernia oilfield has also been expanded into the Hibernia South Extension area. A number of adjacent fault blocks that comprise the composite Hebron oil field are
213:
sandstones and red shales) of the
Eurydice Formation. The presence of this thick salt unit throughout the Jeanne d'Arc Basin has been an important factor in subsequent structural deformation and hydrocarbon trap formation during later rift episodes. It provided a widespread interval of low shear
234:
After accumulation and preservation of abundant organic matter in the Egret Member, three major sandstone units were deposited during two subsequent episodes of crustal rifting. The Jeanne d'Arc, Hibernia and Ben Nevis-Avalon sandstones provide numerous tilted and faulted hydrocarbon-bearing
240:
shoreline migrated northward during uplift of the southern basin margin while the Ben Nevis sandstones were deposited as the shoreline retreated southward in a 'stuttering' fashion synchronous with growth of a new set of normal faults in response to NE-SW-oriented extension.
1544:
Richards, F.W.; Vrolijk, P.J.; Gordon, J.D.; Miller, B.R. (2010). "Reservoir connectivity analysis of a complex combination trap: Terra Nova Field, Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Newfoundland, Canada". In Jolley, S.J.; Fischer, Q.J.; Ainsworth, R.B.; Vrolijk, P.J.; Delisle, S. (eds.).
231:
organic matter. These characteristics indicate that the Egret Member is dominated by marine-derived Type II organic matter deposited under reducing conditions. Hydrocarbons trapped throughout the Jeanne d'Arc Basin were mainly sourced from the prolific Egret Member.
182:. The current passive margin conditions were established when the last rifted border to the three-sided promontory of continental crust underlying the Grand Banks bathymetric feature formed along its northeast margin near the start of Late Cretaceous times.
149:. The crust was thinned in areas of stretching and the synchronous growth of faults allowed those areas to subside; that is, to sink relative to surrounding areas, thereby creating rift basins. The Jeanne d'Arc Basin is one of these areas of rift
112:
off Canada's east coast. The basin was named after a purported 20 metres (11 fathom) shoal labelled as "Ste. Jeanne d'Arc" on out-dated bathymetric charts and which was once thought to represent a local exposure of basement rocks similar to the
1056:
Deptuck, M.E.; MacRae, R.A.; Shimeld, J.A.; Williams, G.L.; Fensome, F.A. (2003). "Revised Upper
Cretaceous and lower Paleogene lithostratigraphy and depositional history of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, offshore Newfoundland, Canada".
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Including Hibernia P-15, there have been eighteen officially declared Significant Discoveries in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin and on the adjacent structural high area to the East up to the first quarter of 2012. These are:
217:
One element that is absolutely essential for successful exploration and development is the presence of a stratigraphic unit that is capable of hydrocarbon generation. The presence of an excellent quality Upper Jurassic
1684:
Spila, M.V.; Pemberton, S.G.; Sinclair, I. K. (2005). "Comparison of Marine and Brackish/Stressed Ichnological Signatures in the Ben Nevis and Avalon Formations, Jeanne d'Arc Basin". In Hiscott, R.; Pulham, A. (eds.).
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Hiscott, R.N.; Wilson, R.C.L.; Gradstein, F.M.; Pujalte, V.; García-Mondéjar, J.; Boudreau, R.R.; Wishart, H.A. (1990). "Comparative stratigraphy and subsidence history of Mesozoic rift basins of North Atlantic".
1813:
Wilcox, L.B.; Couturier, D.E.; Hewitt, M.D. (1991). "The integration of geophysical, geological and well test studies into a reservoir description for the Terra Nova oilfield offshore eastern Canada, Topic 11".
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Withjack, M.O.; Schlische, R.W. (2005). "A Review of tectonic events on the passive margin of Eastern North America". In Post, P.J.; Rosen, N.C.; Olson, D.L.; Palmes, S.L.; Lyons, K.T.; Newton, G.B. (eds.).
1295:
Hiscott, R. N.; Wilson, R.C.L.; Harding, S. C.; Pujalte, V.; Kitson, D. (1990). "Contrasts in Early Cretaceous depositional environments for marine sandbodies of the Grand Banks-Iberian corridor".
1254:
Harding, S. (1988). "Facies interpretation of the Ben Nevis Formation in the North Ben Nevis M-61 well, Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Grand Banks, Newfoundland". In James, D.P.; Leckie, D.A. (eds.).
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over an increasingly large area of the basin. This burial process resulted in generation of large volumes of petroleum and migration into the overlying structural and stratigraphic traps.
1746:
Tankard, A.J.; Welsink, H.J.; Jenkins, W.A.M. (1989). "Structural styles and stratigraphy of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Grand Banks of Newfoundland". In Tankard, A.J.; Balkwill, H.R. (eds.).
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von der Dick, H.; Meloche, J.D.; Dwyer, J.; Gunther, P. (1989). "Source-rock geochemistry and hydrocarbon generation in the Jeanne d'Arc basin, Grand Banks, offshore eastern Canada".
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Sinclair, I.K.; Shannon, P.M.; Williams, B.P.J.; Harker, S.D.; Moore, J.G. (1994). "Tectonic controls on sedimentary evolution of three North Atlantic borderland Mesozoic basins".
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Hubbard, R.J.; Pape, J.; Roberts, D.G. (1985). "Depositional sequence mapping to illustrate the evolution of a passive continental margin". In Berg, O.R.; Woolverton, D. (eds.).
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Hurley, T.J.; Kreisa, R.D.; Taylor, G.G.; Yates, W.R.L. (1992). "The reservoir geology and geophysics of the Hibernia Field, offshore Newfoundland". In Halbouty, M.T. (ed.).
1408:
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pervasively churned by roots as cored from the Lower Cretaceous (Berriasian to lower Valanginian) Hibernia Formation at the Hibernia K-14 well in the Hibernia oilfield.
2015:
1912:
1485:
King, L.H.; Fader, B.J.; Jenkins, W.A.M and; King, E.L. (1986). "Occurrence and regional geological setting of Paleozoic rocks on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland".
1030:
Brown, D.M.; McAlpine, K.D.; Yole, R.W. (1989). "Sedimentology and sandstone diagenesis of Hibernia Formation in Hibernia oil field, Grand Banks of Newfoundland".
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2020:
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strata that were moderately deformed by compression during the collisions of ancient continental plates during final assembly of the super-continent Pangea in
1523:
Rees, M.E.; Spratt, D.A. (2005). "An Integrated Fault Seal Study of the Hebron/Ben Nevis Oilfield, Offshore Newfoundland". In Hiscott, R.; Pulham, A. (eds.).
2005:
1833:
Withjack, M.O.; Callaway, S. (2000). "Active Normal Faulting Beneath a Salt Layer: An Experimental Study of Deformation Patterns in the Cover Sequence".
32:
interbed cored in the Upper Triassic to lowermost Jurassic Argo Formation at the Cormorant N-83 well drilled at the south end of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin.
1765:
Tankard, A.J.; Welsink, H.J. (1989). "Mesozoic extension and styles of basin formation in Atlantic Canada". In Tankard, A.J.; Balkwill, H.R. (eds.).
1078:
Driscoll, N.W; Hogg, J.R. (1995). "Stratigraphic response to basin formation: Jeanne d'Arc Basin, offshore Newfoundland". In Lambiase, J. J. (ed.).
85:
992:
Balkwill, H.R.; Legall, F.D. (1989). "Whale Basin, offshore Newfoundland: extension and salt diapirism". In Tankard, A.J.; Balkwill, H.R. (eds.).
1143:
Enachescu, M.E. (1987). "The tectonic and structural framework of the northeast Newfoundland margin". In Beaumont, C. and; Tankard, A.J. (eds.).
1216:
Fowler, M.G.; McAlpine, K.D. (1995). "The Egret Member, a prolific Kimmeridgian source rock from offshore eastern Canada". In Katz, B.J. (ed.).
2035:
1043:
Creaney, S.; Allison, B.H. (1987). "An organic geochemical model of oil generation in the Avalon/Flemish Pass sub-basins, east coast Canada".
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Petroleum Systems of Divergent Continental Margin Basins. Proceedings of the GCSSEPM 25th Annual Bob F. Perkins Research Conference. GCS 025
198:
salt of the Argo Formation were precipitated in the basin during the Late Triassic to earliest Jurassic. These salt beds with interbeds of
1582:"Evolution of Mesozoic Cenozoic sedimentary basins in the Grand Banks area of Newfoundland and comparison with Falvey's (1974) rift model"
2030:
1308:
Holser, W.T.; Clement, G.P.; Jansa, L.F.; Wade, J.A. (1988). "Evaporite deposits of the North Atlantic rift". In Manspeizer, W. (ed.).
1581:
957:
1235:
Grant, A.C.; McAlpine, K.D. (1990). "The Continental Margin around Newfoundland, Chapter 6". In Keen, M.J.; Williams, G.L. (eds.).
973:
Arthur, K.R.; Cole, D.R.; Henderson, G.G.L.; Kushnir, D.W. (1982). "Geology of the Hibernia discovery". In Halbouty, M. T. (ed.).
1444:
1725:
Tankard, A.J.; Welsink, H.J. (1987). "Extensional tectonics and stratigraphy of Hibernia oilfield, Grand Banks, Newfoundland".
72:
bed cored in the Lower Cretaceous (upper Aptian to lower Albian) Ben Nevis Formation at the West Ben Nevis B-75 discovery well.
44:
bed of the Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) Jeanne d'Arc Formation cored at the Hibernia O-35 well drilled in the Hibernia oilfield.
1597:
Sinclair, I.K. (1993). "Tectonism: the dominant factor in mid Cretaceous deposition in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Grand Banks".
1516:
Mesozoic stratigraphy, sedimentary evolution, and petroleum potential of the Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Grand Banks of Newfoundland
1162:
Enachescu, M.E.; Harding, S.C.; Emery, D.J. (1994). "Three-dimensional seismic imaging of a Jurassic paleodrainage system".
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that is bounded and transected by extensional faults which record the plate tectonic history of the North Atlantic region.
1966:
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are, however, divergent conclusions regarding the number of Mesozoic rift episodes which affected the Jeanne d'Arc Basin (
190:
Effective combinations of a number of geological factors must occur for a basin to have generated, trapped and preserved
1934:
2010:
109:
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beds within the rift basin were subsequently buried beneath a relatively unstructured cover of Upper Cretaceous and
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360:
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margin conditions resulted in heating and maturation of the source rock such that it gradually passed through the
266:
60:
1378:
Jansa, L.F.; Bujak, J.P.; Williams, G.L. (1980). "Upper Triassic salt deposits of the western North Atlantic".
36:
261:
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in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin was first identified in well cuttings from the Egret K-36 exploration well. This
41:
1656:
1310:
Triassic-Jurassic Rifting: Continental Breakup and the Origin of the Atlantic Ocean and Passive Margins
1194:
141:
times. Later, these old 'basement' rocks were subjected to multiple episodes of stretching during the
1928:
1706:
Swift, J.H.; Williams, J.A. (1980). "Petroleum source rocks, Grand Banks area". In Miall, A.D. (ed.).
1011:
Bell, J.S.; Howie, R.D. (1990). "Paleozoic Geology, Chapter 4". In Keen, M.J.; Williams, G.L. (eds.).
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and the strain of that extension was expressed in growth of large rips in the rock fabric known as
97:
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Skaug, M.; Kerwin, K.; Katay, J. (2001). "Reservoir Development Plan for the Terra Nova Field.".
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1188:. Vol. Call for Bids NL09Call NL09--1. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. p. 98.
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1661:. Vol. 30 April–3 May 2001. Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas. p. 9.
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strata. These latter minimally deformed strata were deposited on the newly established
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1454:"Stretching and subsidence: rifting of conjugate margins in the North Atlantic region"
1999:
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1015:. Vol. Geology of Canada, No. 2. Geological Survey of Canada. pp. 141–165.
138:
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The upper crust beneath the wide shoals of the Grand Banks region is composed of old
1935:
https://web.archive.org/web/20120315064530/http://hebronproject.com/the-project.aspx
1862:
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1551:. Special Publication. Vol. 347. London: Geological Society. pp. 333–355.
1524:
1084:. Vol. Special Publication 80. Geological Society of London. pp. 145–163.
223:
191:
114:
65:
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located about 340 kilometres (~210 miles) to the basin centre, east-southeast of
1202:. Vol. Report 2000-01. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. p. 71.
219:
126:
16:
1688:
Petroleum Resources and Reservoirs of the Grand Banks, Eastern Canadian Margin
1526:
Petroleum Resources and Reservoirs of the Grand Banks, Eastern Canadian Margin
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171:
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1981:
1968:
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Geology of the Continental Margin of Eastern Canada, Geology of Canada, No. 2
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As of 2022, there are five oil producing fields in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin:
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1958:
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715:
713:
1342:
Seismic Stratigraphy II: An Integrated Approach to Hydrocarbon Exploration
1196:
Sedimentary Basins and Hydrocarbon Potential of Newfoundland and Labrador
851:
849:
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175:
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157:
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As the Jeanne d'Arc rift basin subsided, it was gradually in-filled with
142:
134:
1327:
Howie, R.D. (1970). "Oil and Gas Exploration—Atlantic Coast of Canada".
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1529:. Vol. Spec. Paper 43. Geol. Assoc. of Canada. pp. 146–153.
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206:
195:
93:
1767:
Extensional Tectonics and Stratigraphy of the North Atlantic Margins
1748:
Extensional Tectonics and Stratigraphy of the North Atlantic Margins
1691:. Vol. Spec. Paper 43. Geol. Assoc. of Canada. pp. 73–92.
1506:
1399:
1171:
994:
Extensional Tectonics and Stratigraphy of the North Atlantic Margins
1929:
https://web.archive.org/web/20101114222701/http://www.cnlopb.nl.ca/
1207:
Fowler, M.G.; Snowdon, L.R.; Stewart, K.R.; McAlpine, K.D. (1990).
1947:
http://www.nr.gov.nl.ca/nr/energy/petroleum/offshore/offshore.html
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the Grand Banks area. Widely faulted and moderately rotated Upper
59:
47:
35:
23:
15:
1147:. Vol. Memoir 12. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 117–146.
226:
package of organic-rich, thinly interbedded and finely laminated
1769:. Vol. Mem. 46. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 175–195.
1750:. Vol. Mem. 46. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 265–282.
1209:
Rock-Eval/TOC data from nine wells located offshore Newfoundland
996:. Vol. Mem. 46. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 233–245.
977:. Vol. Mem. 32. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 181–195.
783:
781:
236:
101:
1409:"White Rose seismic with well data constraints: A case history"
1344:. Vol. Mem. 39. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 93–115.
1258:. Vol. Mem. 15. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 291–306.
1953:
http://www.nr.gov.nl.ca/nr/energy/petroleum/offshore/sdogb.pdf
1951:
NL Department of Natural Resources - Significant Discoveries:
1710:. Vol. Mem. 6. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 567–588.
1363:. Vol. Mem. 54. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. pp. 35–54.
1256:
Sequences, Stratigraphy, Sedimentology: Surface and Subsurface
100:
in the North Atlantic Ocean. This basin is one of a series of
1888:
Evolution of the Arctic-North Atlantic and the Western Tethys
956:
Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Ltd; Imperial Oil Ltd (1973).
772:
744:
742:
740:
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545:
64:
Sharp-based, laminated sandstone storm bed above pervasively
1835:
Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists
1727:
Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists
1329:
Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists
1276:
Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists
1059:
Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists
719:
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624:
615:
575:
573:
104:
basins that are located on the broad, shallow promontory of
1927:
Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board:
1891:. Vol. Mem. 43. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. p. 198.
915:
811:
381:
379:
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expected to host the next hydrocarbon production facility.
855:
243:
After termination of extensional faulting near the end of
1945:
NL Department of Natural Resources - Offshore Petroleum:
1182:
Petroleum Exploration Opportunities in Jeanne d'Arc Basin
1211:. Vol. Open File 2271. Geol. Surv. Can. p. 72.
879:
560:
558:
556:
554:
505:
503:
490:
488:
486:
461:
459:
457:
1816:
Proceedings of the Thirteenth World Petroleum Congress
1312:. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands. pp. 525–556.
826:
656:
891:
760:
533:
432:
430:
1518:. Vol. Pap. 89-17. Geol. Surv. Can. p. 55.
927:
409:
1818:. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. pp. 1–9.
1164:
Offshore Technology Conference Proceedings, Houston
1013:
Geology of the Continental Margin of Eastern Canada
202:were precipitated atop and adjacent to continental
88:. This basin formed in response to the large scale
1708:Facts and Principles of World Petroleum Occurrence
644:
477:
787:
448:
28:Vein of coarsely crystalline halite in fractured
1361:Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade 1977-1988
903:
680:
2046:Petroleum industry in Newfoundland and Labrador
1145:Sedimentary Basins and Basin-forming Mechanisms
867:
748:
731:
668:
521:
1407:Kaderali, A.; Jones, M.; Howlett, J. (2007).
1220:. Springer Verlag, Berlin. pp. 111–130.
692:
632:
579:
385:
92:forces that ripped apart the super-continent
8:
603:
313:North Ben Nevis P-93, terminated 01-Nov-1985
1911:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1847:10.1306/C9EBCE73-1735-11D7-8645000102C1865D
1739:10.1306/703c804c-1707-11d7-8645000102c1865d
1288:10.1306/0c9b2213-1710-11d7-8645000102c1865d
1193:Energy Branch, NL Mines and Energy (2000).
1071:10.1306/87021bad-6d78-4236-bb707f571ce9a9eb
328:West Bonne Bay C-23, terminated 24-Jan-1998
307:West Ben Nevis B-75, terminated 02-Apr-1985
939:
591:
283:South Tempest G-88, terminated 26-Apr-1981
1957:Natural Resources Canada Basin database:
975:The Deliberate Search for the Subtle Trap
494:
465:
421:
1959:http://basin.gdr.nrcan.gc.ca/index_e.php
1941:http://www.suncor.com/en/about/4001.aspx
838:
564:
509:
325:King's Cove A-26, terminated 17-Jun-1990
319:East Rankin H-21, terminated 27-Oct-1988
277:Hibernia P-15, terminated on 21-Oct-1979
799:
436:
375:
322:Springdale M-29, terminated 14-May-1989
304:White Rose N-22, terminated 04-Jan-1985
301:South Mara C-13, terminated 16-Oct-1984
295:Terra Nova K-08, terminated 11-Jun-1984
292:North Dana I-43, terminated 15-Jan-1984
2016:Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador
1904:
1131:
1121:
280:Ben Nevis I-45, terminated 30-Aug-1980
2041:Petroleum industry in Atlantic Canada
1239:. Geol. Surv. Can. pp. 239–292.
958:"Regional geology of the Grand Banks"
397:
289:Nautilus C-92, terminated 19-Feb-1982
256:Petroleum exploration and development
186:Geology and hydrocarbon prospectivity
86:St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
7:
2021:Geology of Newfoundland and Labrador
827:Spila, Pemberton & Sinclair 2005
316:Fortune G-57, terminated 09-Sep-1986
2006:Sedimentary basins of North America
892:Wilcox, Couturier & Hewitt 1991
761:Enachescu, Harding & Emery 1994
534:Tankard, Welsink & Jenkins 1989
286:Hebron I-13, terminated 12-Sep-1981
1806:10.1111/j.1747-5457.1989.tb00220.x
1648:10.1111/j.1365-2117.1994.tb00085.x
1487:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1380:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
1081:Hydrocarbon Habitat in Rift Basins
928:Kaderali, Jones & Howlett 2007
298:Trave E-87, terminated 18-Mar-1984
14:
1452:Keen, C.E.; Dehler, S.A. (1993).
310:Mara M-54, terminated 14-May-1985
645:Jansa, Bujak & Williams 1980
478:Hubbard, Pape & Roberts 1985
788:Brown, McAlpine & Yole 1989
1548:Reservoir Compartmentalization
904:Skaug, Kerwin & Katay 2001
260:Licences conferring rights to
1:
2036:Oil fields of Atlantic Canada
1098:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.080.01.07
449:Withjack & Schlische 2005
1786:Journal of Petroleum Geology
1619:10.1016/0264-8172(93)90058-Z
1032:Bull. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geo
681:Withjack & Callaway 2000
1885:Ziegler, P.A. 1988 (1988).
1166:. OTC Paper 7390: 179–191.
110:Grand Banks of Newfoundland
2062:
2031:Mesozoic rifts and grabens
868:Tankard & Welsink 1987
749:Fowler & McAlpine 1995
732:Creaney & Allison 1987
669:Balkwill & Legall 1989
522:Tankard & Welsink 1989
693:Swift & Williams 1980
580:Grant & McAlpine 1990
386:Amoco & Imperial 1973
267:Newfoundland and Labrador
1179:Enachescu, M.E. (2009).
604:Driscoll & Hogg 1995
1586:Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol
1580:Sinclair, I.K. (1988).
1514:McAlpine, K.D. (1990).
1297:Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol
1045:Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol
962:Bull. Can. Petrol. Geol
262:hydrocarbon exploration
1218:Petroleum Source Rocks
940:Rees & Spratt 2005
705:vonderDick et al. 1989
592:Keen & Dehler 1993
73:
57:
45:
33:
21:
422:Bell & Howie 1990
63:
51:
39:
27:
19:
1939:Terra Nova Project:
916:Richards et al. 2010
773:Sinclair et al. 1994
52:Thin coal seam with
1978: /
1880:. pp. 203–235.
1798:1989JPetG..12...51D
1640:1994BasR....6..193S
1611:1993MarPG..10..530S
1557:2010GSLSP.347..333R
1499:1986CaJES..23..504K
1470:1993Tecto..12.1209K
1425:2007LeaEd..26..742K
1392:1980CaJES..17..547J
1090:1995GSLSP..80..145D
812:Hiscott et al. 1990
616:Deptuck et al. 2003
546:Hiscott et al. 1990
98:sea-floor spreading
2011:Structural geology
880:Hurley et al. 1992
856:Arthur et al. 1982
720:Fowler et al. 1990
657:Holser et al. 1988
633:Energy Branch 2000
78:Jeanne d'Arc Basin
74:
58:
46:
34:
22:
20:Jeanne d'Arc Basin
2026:Geology of Canada
1898:978-0-89181-320-0
1825:978-0-471-93028-0
1776:978-0-89181-324-8
1757:978-0-89181-324-8
1717:978-0-920230-07-7
1698:978-0-919216-82-2
1676:978-1-55563-248-9
1599:Mar. Petrol. Geol
1536:978-0-919216-82-2
1478:10.1029/93TC00915
1433:10.1190/1.2748491
1370:978-0-89181-333-0
1351:978-0-89181-316-3
1319:978-0-444-42903-2
1265:978-0-920230-60-2
1246:978-0-660-13130-6
1227:978-0-387-57864-4
1154:978-0-920230-43-5
1107:978-1-897799-15-4
1022:978-0-660-13130-6
1003:978-0-89181-324-8
984:978-0-89181-309-5
106:continental crust
82:sedimentary basin
40:Pebble to cobble
2053:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1933:Hebron Project:
1916:
1910:
1902:
1881:
1879:
1866:
1829:
1809:
1780:
1761:
1742:
1721:
1702:
1680:
1667:10.4043/13024-MS
1651:
1622:
1593:
1576:
1565:10.1144/SP347.19
1540:
1519:
1510:
1481:
1464:(5): 1209–1229.
1448:
1443:. Archived from
1413:The Leading Edge
1403:
1374:
1355:
1336:
1323:
1304:
1291:
1269:
1250:
1231:
1212:
1203:
1201:
1189:
1187:
1175:
1158:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1127:
1119:
1074:
1052:
1039:
1026:
1007:
988:
969:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
913:
907:
901:
895:
889:
883:
877:
871:
865:
859:
853:
842:
836:
830:
824:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
776:
770:
764:
758:
752:
746:
735:
729:
723:
717:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
660:
654:
648:
642:
636:
630:
619:
613:
607:
601:
595:
589:
583:
577:
568:
562:
549:
543:
537:
531:
525:
519:
513:
507:
498:
492:
481:
475:
469:
463:
452:
446:
440:
434:
425:
419:
413:
410:King et al. 1986
407:
401:
395:
389:
383:
361:Hebron-Ben Nevis
96:and also led to
2061:
2060:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2050:
1996:
1995:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1924:
1919:
1903:
1899:
1884:
1877:
1869:
1832:
1826:
1812:
1783:
1777:
1764:
1758:
1745:
1724:
1718:
1705:
1699:
1683:
1677:
1658:Paper OTC 13024
1654:
1625:
1596:
1579:
1543:
1537:
1522:
1513:
1507:10.1139/e86-052
1484:
1451:
1406:
1400:10.1139/e80-054
1377:
1371:
1358:
1352:
1339:
1326:
1320:
1307:
1294:
1272:
1266:
1253:
1247:
1234:
1228:
1215:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1172:10.4043/7390-MS
1161:
1155:
1142:
1130:
1120:
1108:
1077:
1055:
1042:
1029:
1023:
1010:
1004:
991:
985:
972:
955:
951:
946:
938:
934:
926:
922:
914:
910:
902:
898:
890:
886:
878:
874:
866:
862:
854:
845:
837:
833:
825:
818:
810:
806:
798:
794:
786:
779:
771:
767:
759:
755:
747:
738:
730:
726:
718:
711:
703:
699:
691:
687:
679:
675:
667:
663:
655:
651:
643:
639:
631:
622:
614:
610:
602:
598:
590:
586:
578:
571:
563:
552:
544:
540:
532:
528:
520:
516:
508:
501:
493:
484:
476:
472:
464:
455:
447:
443:
435:
428:
420:
416:
408:
404:
396:
392:
384:
377:
373:
258:
188:
123:
121:Basin formation
80:is an offshore
70:lower shoreface
12:
11:
5:
2059:
2057:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
1998:
1997:
1962:
1961:
1955:
1949:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1923:
1922:External links
1920:
1918:
1917:
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1882:
1867:
1830:
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1810:
1781:
1775:
1762:
1756:
1743:
1722:
1716:
1703:
1697:
1681:
1675:
1652:
1634:(4): 193–218.
1628:Basin Research
1623:
1605:(6): 530–549.
1594:
1577:
1541:
1535:
1520:
1511:
1493:(4): 504–526.
1482:
1449:
1447:on 2014-04-29.
1419:(6): 742–754.
1404:
1386:(5): 547–559.
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495:Enachescu 1987
482:
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90:plate tectonic
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1733:: 1210–1232.
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1109:
1103:
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1087:
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1082:
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1072:
1068:
1065:: 1459–1483.
1064:
1060:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1005:
999:
995:
990:
986:
980:
976:
971:
967:
963:
959:
954:
953:
948:
941:
936:
933:
929:
924:
921:
917:
912:
909:
905:
900:
897:
893:
888:
885:
881:
876:
873:
869:
864:
861:
857:
852:
850:
848:
844:
840:
839:Sinclair 1993
835:
832:
828:
823:
821:
817:
813:
808:
805:
801:
796:
793:
789:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
766:
762:
757:
754:
750:
745:
743:
741:
737:
733:
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721:
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689:
686:
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677:
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629:
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617:
612:
609:
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600:
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588:
585:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
565:McAlpine 1990
561:
559:
557:
555:
551:
547:
542:
539:
535:
530:
527:
523:
518:
515:
511:
510:Sinclair 1988
506:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
487:
483:
479:
474:
471:
467:
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458:
454:
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438:
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139:Carboniferous
136:
132:
128:
120:
118:
116:
111:
108:known as the
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
71:
68:fair weather
67:
62:
55:
50:
43:
38:
31:
26:
18:
1963:
1887:
1873:
1838:
1834:
1815:
1792:(1): 51–68.
1789:
1785:
1766:
1747:
1730:
1726:
1707:
1687:
1657:
1631:
1627:
1602:
1598:
1589:
1585:
1547:
1525:
1515:
1490:
1486:
1461:
1457:
1445:the original
1416:
1412:
1383:
1379:
1360:
1341:
1335:: 1989–2006.
1332:
1328:
1309:
1300:
1296:
1279:
1275:
1255:
1236:
1217:
1208:
1195:
1181:
1163:
1144:
1080:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1044:
1035:
1031:
1012:
993:
974:
965:
961:
935:
923:
911:
899:
887:
875:
863:
834:
807:
800:Harding 1988
795:
768:
756:
727:
700:
688:
676:
664:
652:
640:
611:
599:
587:
541:
529:
517:
473:
444:
437:Ziegler 1988
417:
405:
393:
365:
335:
331:
271:
259:
250:"oil window"
242:
233:
224:Kimmeridgian
216:
192:hydrocarbons
189:
162:
155:
124:
115:Virgin Rocks
77:
75:
42:conglomerate
1985: /
1841:: 627–651.
220:source rock
127:Precambrian
66:bioturbated
2000:Categories
1592:: 255–273.
1303:: 203–214.
1038:: 557–575.
968:: 479–503.
949:References
398:Howie 1970
353:White Rose
347:Terra Nova
228:marlstones
172:Cretaceous
151:subsidence
1982:45°N 50°W
1907:cite book
1855:0149-1423
1573:131257739
1458:Tectonics
1441:1070-485X
1282:: 60–76.
1134:ignored (
1124:cite book
1116:129570162
170:to Lower
158:sediments
131:Paleozoic
54:underclay
1863:53419700
1051:: 12–23.
341:Hibernia
200:dolomite
176:Tertiary
168:Triassic
143:Mesozoic
135:Devonian
30:dolomite
1987:45; -50
1794:Bibcode
1636:Bibcode
1607:Bibcode
1553:Bibcode
1495:Bibcode
1466:Bibcode
1421:Bibcode
1388:Bibcode
1086:Bibcode
204:clastic
1895:
1861:
1853:
1822:
1773:
1754:
1714:
1695:
1673:
1571:
1533:
1439:
1367:
1348:
1316:
1262:
1243:
1224:
1151:
1114:
1104:
1019:
1000:
981:
245:Albian
207:facies
196:halite
147:faults
94:Pangea
1878:(PDF)
1859:S2CID
1569:S2CID
1200:(PDF)
1186:(PDF)
1112:S2CID
371:Notes
1973:50°W
1970:45°N
1913:link
1893:ISBN
1851:ISSN
1820:ISBN
1771:ISBN
1752:ISBN
1712:ISBN
1693:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1531:ISBN
1437:ISSN
1365:ISBN
1346:ISBN
1314:ISBN
1260:ISBN
1241:ISBN
1222:ISBN
1149:ISBN
1136:help
1102:ISBN
1017:ISBN
998:ISBN
979:ISBN
237:coal
163:i.e.
129:and
102:rift
76:The
1843:doi
1802:doi
1735:doi
1663:doi
1644:doi
1615:doi
1561:doi
1503:doi
1474:doi
1429:doi
1396:doi
1284:doi
1168:doi
1094:doi
1067:doi
1036:173
137:to
2002::
1909:}}
1905:{{
1857:.
1849:.
1839:84
1837:.
1800:.
1790:12
1788:.
1731:71
1729:.
1669:.
1642:.
1630:.
1613:.
1603:10
1601:.
1590:36
1588:.
1584:.
1567:.
1559:.
1501:.
1491:23
1489:.
1472:.
1462:12
1460:.
1456:.
1435:.
1427:.
1417:26
1415:.
1411:.
1394:.
1384:17
1382:.
1333:54
1331:.
1301:38
1299:.
1280:74
1278:.
1128::
1126:}}
1122:{{
1110:.
1100:.
1092:.
1063:87
1061:.
1049:35
1047:.
1034:.
966:21
964:.
960:.
846:^
819:^
780:^
739:^
712:^
623:^
572:^
553:^
502:^
485:^
456:^
429:^
378:^
269:.
117:.
1915:)
1901:.
1865:.
1845::
1828:.
1808:.
1804::
1796::
1779:.
1760:.
1741:.
1737::
1720:.
1701:.
1679:.
1665::
1650:.
1646::
1638::
1632:6
1621:.
1617::
1609::
1575:.
1563::
1555::
1539:.
1509:.
1505::
1497::
1480:.
1476::
1468::
1431::
1423::
1402:.
1398::
1390::
1373:.
1354:.
1322:.
1290:.
1286::
1268:.
1249:.
1230:.
1174:.
1170::
1157:.
1138:)
1118:.
1096::
1088::
1073:.
1069::
1025:.
1006:.
987:.
942:.
930:.
918:.
906:.
894:.
882:.
870:.
858:.
841:.
829:.
814:.
802:.
790:.
775:.
763:.
751:.
734:.
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