66:
573:, commenting on the various scholarly analyses of the tablet and its inscription. Greenstein, a Semitic philologist, contends that the inscription contains "anomaliesโspellings and linguistic usages that did not jibe with what we know of ancient Hebrew writing and language." He also quotes paleographer Christopher Rollston for the assertion that the relative height of some letters is incorrect. Greenstein concludes:
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presently no longer existing on the ossuary and have been totally eliminated for reasons unknown. 5) The pictures further document recent (2005) addition of a reddish sticky or powdery and also rock staining material. In places also scratches and dark (black) material was recently added. These materials do not exist in photographic documents prior to 2005.
543:
In order to remove any possible doubt concerning my position as regards the authenticity of the YI, I wish to emphasize at the outset that I do not know whether or not this inscription is genuine. I do contend, however, that it can not be proven philologically to be a modern-day forgery. I would also
565:
In mid-2013, after judge Aaron
Farkash of the Jerusalem District Court ruled that the state had failed to prove the artefact was a forgery, the state applied to the Supreme Court to obtain an official requiring the owner of the artefact, Golan, to consign it to the State without payment. The Supreme
452:
but had not originally disclosed to them. There the police found scores of artifacts, ancient seals and other inscriptions in various stages of production along with the tools to create the imitations. Under harsh questioning, Golan admitted that he knew about the
Jehoash Inscription and promised to
561:
In a review article published in 2012, Rosenfeld, Feldman, Kronfeld and
Krumbein summarized their earlier published studies and reviewed the expert testimony given at the trial of Oded Golan. They supported the judge's conclusion that the forgery of the artifact could not be proved, and stated that
557:
Prof. Ronny Reich who played a key role in the widely publicized case of the antiquities collector accused of fraud, and was one of the founders of the Israel
Antiquities Authority stated "Finally, allow me to play devil's advocate and say that the inscription appears to me to be authentic, because
496:
The grainy whitish patina with yellow and grey particles embedded existing prior to 2005 and documented by the Israel
Antiquities Authority as "James Bond" material looks like Meyer cement used around 1900โ1920 at the Acropolis Monuments in Athens and other places. Unfortunately these materials are
553:
could be a later copy of an original inscription... We do indeed have a reference to a possible renovation or restoration of an inscription. The author of the Tell
Fakhriyah Assyrian-Aramaic bilingual inscription, dated to the mid-ninth century B.C.E., speaks of a possible future renovation of his
577:
The judge, overwhelmed by the diverse testimony, was inconclusive. However, the judgment of scholars who read ancient texts and analyze their language and writing is clear: no textbook of ancient Hebrew inscriptions will ever include the so-called
Jehoash text; no historian of ancient Israel will
501:
Krumbein concludes that "Our preliminary investigations cannot prove the authenticity of the three objects beyond any doubt. Doubtlessly the patina is continuous in many places throughout surface and lettering grooves in the case of ossuary and tablet. On the other hand a proof of forgery is not
479:
and areas further west. Patina over the chiseled letters was different from that of the back of the stone and could easily be wiped off the stone by hand. In a press conference in
Jerusalem on June 18, 2003 the Israel Antiquities Authority commission declared the inscription a modern forgery.
456:
On March 14, 2012 Jerusalem Judge Aharon
Farkash stated "that there is no evidence that any of the major artifacts were forged, and that the prosecution failed to prove their accusations beyond a reasonable doubt." However, the court also ruled that it was unable to conclude that the Jehoash
444:
for Golan's apartment, office and rented warehouse. The search brought forth allegedly incriminating documents and photographs of Golan beside the
Jehoash Inscription. Under interrogation, Golan promised to reveal the location of the stone in exchange for immunity from prosecution.
558:
it's hard for me to believe that a forger (or group of forgers) could be so knowledgeable in all aspects of the inscription โ that is, the physical, paleographic, linguistic and biblical ones โ that they could produce such an object."
414:
reported that the Israel Antiquities Authority Theft Unit had focused their attention on the "Jehoash Inscription" as expensive bait to defraud a prominent collector in London. Israeli investigators linked a phony
427:(another artifact of uncertain authenticity). Golan denied that he was the owner of the stone and claimed that the real owner was a Palestinian antiquities dealer who lived in an area under
549:
Victor Sasson responds that "the sandstone inscription need not be the first and original record. If the stone itself cannot scientifically be dated to late ninth century B.C.E., then the
541:
wrote, "both the nature of these contributions and the fact that they are completely new do support my long-standing position concerning the authenticity of the YI as follows:
475:
The commission concluded that various mistakes in the spelling and the mixture of different alphabets indicated that this was a modern forgery. The stone was typical of western
578:
ever count the inscription as a source; no grammarian or lexicographer of ancient Hebrew will ever include words, phrases, or forms found in the inscription as genuine data.
514:, who had theorized that the books of the Kings could be based on public inscriptions, opined that a forger could have used his (Na'aman's) theory as a basis for a forgery.
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magazine was not accepted by that magazine (letter date, October 2003). It was eventually published in the listhost.uchicago.edu in early March 2004. The letter is also in
884:
199:
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Cohen, Chaim (Sep 2007). "Biblical Hebrew Philology In The Light Of Research On The New Yeho'ash Royal Building Inscription". In Lubetski, Meir (ed.).
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Court ruled against the Israel Antiquities Authority, returning the tablet and ossuary to Golan, who intends to publicly display both.
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Sasson, Victor. King Jehoash and the Mystery of the Temple of Solomon Inscription. iUniverse, Paperback, 240 pages, March 28, 2008.
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Inscription was authentic and noted that an associate of the accused forgers had confessed to aiding in its fabrication.
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add that if nevertheless the YI does turn out to be a forgery, then it is a most brilliant forgery in my opinion.
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468:, Israeli Minister of Culture, appointed a scientific commission to study the Jehoash tablet, as well as the
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In February 2016, Professor Ed Greenstein, Bar-Ilan University, Israel, published an update review article,
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Puzzling Out the Past: Studies in Northwest Semitic Languages and Literatures in Honor of Bruce Zuckerman
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Sasson, Victor. Philological and Textual Observations on the Controversial King Jehoash Inscription,
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https://web.archive.org/web/20060825044334/http://www.bib-arch.org/bswbOOossuary_Krumbeinreport.pdf
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is the name of a controversial artifact claimed to have been discovered in a construction site or
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925:"Methodological Principles in Determining That the So-Called Jehoash Inscription is Inauthentic"
948:
Sasson, Victor. A response to N.A. Silberman and Y. Goren's article in the form of a letter to
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A report, dated September 2005, was prepared by Wolfgang E. Krumbein of the Carl von Ossietzky
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the trial evidence confirmed their own earlier conclusion that it is most probably genuine.
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The So-Called โJehoash Inscriptionโ: Transcription and Bibliography, by Giuseppe Regalzi
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Antiquities dealer acquitted of forging inscription on burial box of Jesus's brother
866:"After Supreme Court ruling, collector Oded Golan poised to reclaim Jehoash Tablet"
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268:
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294:, which in turn, strengthens the assertion that the inscription is authentic, the
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and a phone number to a Tel Aviv private eye who admitted that his employer was
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Police then conducted a new search in a storage space that Golan had rented in
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given by the experts nominated by the Israel Antiquities Authority."
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The inscription describes repairs made to the temple in Jerusalem by
264:
704:"Breaking News: Golan and Deutsch Acquitted of All Forgery Charges"
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demonstrated how the convincing fake could be produced by abrasive
954:
King Jehoash and the Mystery of the Temple of Solomon Inscription,
927:. In Lundberg, Marilyn J.; Fine, Steven; Pitard, Wayne T. (eds.).
833:
Amnon Rosenfeld; Howard Feldman; Yoel Kronfeld; Wolfgang Kumbein.
772:. Hebrew Bible Monographs, 8. Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix Press.
912:
Neil Asher Silberman and Yuval Goren, "Faking Biblical History",
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Jonathon Gatehouse, "Cashbox", 'Maclean's' magazine, March 2005
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chapter 12. While some scholars support the antiquity of the
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Museum deems sole First Temple relic a fake (Jerusalem Post)
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has asserted that the inscription is a modern-day forgery.
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Archaeometric analysis of the โJehoash Inscriptionโ tablet
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New Seals And Inscriptions, Hebrew, Idumean, And Cuneiform
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In an article published in 2007, Professor Chaim Cohen of
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de the repair of the Temple, and of the encircling wa-
435:
403:
835:"The Jehoash Inscription Table โ After the verdict"
885:"The So-Called Jehoash Inscription: A Post Mortem"
522:noted various errors in spelling and terminology.
852:Court rules state canโt prove Jehoash Tablet fake
373:lls, and the storied structure, and the lattice-
571:The So-Called Jehoash Inscription: A Post Mortem
575:
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377:cesses, and the doors. And this day will become
739:Mixed ruling on major antiquities forgery case
359:osity was full in the land and in the wilder-
196:The examples and perspective in this article
8:
594:List of inscriptions in biblical archaeology
381:May Yahweh ordain His people with blessing.
650:. Associazione Orientalisti. Archived from
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
363:give money as sacred donations abundantly,
151:. Please do not remove this message until
802:Vol. 35 (for 2003 but published in 2004).
247:Learn how and when to remove this message
229:Learn how and when to remove this message
171:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
967:Israel antiquities forgers charged (BBC)
744:March 14, 2012. accessed August 31, 2012
361:ness, and in all the cities of Judah, to
147:Relevant discussion may be found on the
73:This article includes a list of general
828:
826:
646:Regalzi, Giuseppe (February 28, 2010).
609:
461:Israel Antiquities Authority commission
379:a testimony that the work will prosper.
355:dah, and I performed the work on thus-
678:"What About the Jehoash Inscription?"
648:"The So-Called 'Jehoash Inscription'"
375:s, and the spiral stairs, and the re-
286:, and corresponds to the account in
7:
534:. The stone itself remained hidden.
440:reported that a court had issued a
367:wood and Edomite copper, performing
629:"Report: Jehoash Tablet is a Fake"
200:include all significant viewpoints
79:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
369:the work in good faithโthen I ma-
34:This article has multiple issues.
916:magazine, September/October 2003
883:Greenstein, Ed (February 2016).
187:
126:
64:
23:
1032:Inscriptions of disputed origin
1012:2003 archaeological discoveries
42:or discuss these issues on the
983:TV science documentary (2004).
979:Summary and transcript of BBC
977:King Solomon's Tablet of Stone
923:Greenstein, Edward L. (2012).
423:, the collector who owned the
345:ืืฆื . ืืืื . ืืช . ืขืื . ืืืจืื
1:
434:A March 19, 2003, article in
431:and could not be identified.
1027:Hebrew inscription forgeries
296:Israel Antiquities Authority
1007:9th-century BC inscriptions
889:The Ancient Near East Today
854:at Haaretz, 10 August 2013.
683:Biblical Archaeology Review
436:
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153:conditions to do so are met
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325:ืืจ . ืืืื . ืขืจื . ืืืื . ื
931:. BRILL. pp. 83โ92.
343:ืืขืืช . ืื . ืชืฆืื . ืืืืืื
335:ืืช . ืืืง . ืืืืช . ืืืงืจืช ืก
331:ืฉื . ืื ืืฉืช . ืืื . ืืขืฉืช .
327:ืชืช ยท ืืกืฃ ยท ืืงืืฉื ยท ืืจื ยท
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365:to buy stone and juniper
339:ื . ืืืืืื . ืืืืจืขืช . ืื
329:ืืงื ืช ยท ืืื ยท ืืืฆื ยท ืืืจ
323:ืืช . ืื ืืฉ . ืืืจืฅ . ืืืื
753:See his full report at
490:University of Oldenburg
341:ืืืชืช . ืืืื . ืืื . ืืื
337:ืื . ืืืช . ืืืฆืข . ืืืฉืื
302:Text of the inscription
94:more precise citations.
599:Archaeological forgery
580:
499:
484:External expert report
388:โOriginal Hebrew text
350:
16:Archaeological forgery
1022:Forgery controversies
539:Ben Gurion University
429:Palestinian Authority
391:โEnglish translation
333:ืืืืืื . ืืืื ื . ืืืขืฉ
321:ื . ืืืฉืจ . ื ืืืื . ื ื
729:accessed May 9, 2012
589:Biblical archaeology
398:Police investigation
357:e. When men's gener-
319:ืืื . ืืืขืฉ . ืืช . ืื
895:(2). Archived from
528:Tel-Aviv University
261:Jehoash Inscription
207:improve the article
140:of this article is
870:The Jerusalem Post
800:Ugarit Forschungen
742:The Jerusalem Post
722:The Jerusalem Post
520:Harvard University
510:Israeli historian
267:cemetery near the
938:978-90-04-22716-3
864:Kalman, Matthew.
779:978-1-905048-35-9
727:HighBeam Research
506:Scholarly opinion
402:Israeli magazine
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813:"Faking It?"
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783:. Retrieved
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36:Please help
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950:Archaeology
532:airbrushing
524:Yuval Goren
516:Frank Cross
492:, Germany:
92:introducing
1001:Categories
914:Archeology
785:2024-02-07
689:2023-10-09
617:2 Kings 12
605:References
421:Oded Golan
353:-haziah, k
317:ืืืืื . ื[
307:The tablet
275:in 2001.
138:neutrality
75:references
39:improve it
450:Ramat Gan
412:Boaz Gaon
273:Jerusalem
149:talk page
45:talk page
716:Reuters
583:See also
198:may not
142:disputed
981:Horizon
907:Sources
817:Haaretz
633:Haaretz
288:2 Kings
280:Jehoash
205:Please
88:improve
935:
776:
477:Cyprus
437:Maariv
406:Maariv
292:patina
265:Muslim
77:, but
838:(PDF)
933:ISBN
774:ISBN
660:2012
551:text
259:The
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526:of
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