1758:
712:
466:
66:
408:
554:
508:
527:), or born two months prematurely after Lady Randolph "had a fall." When asked about the circumstances of his birth, Winston Churchill replied: "Although present on the occasion, I have no clear recollection of the events leading up to it." Rumours also circulated about the parentage of Winston's younger brother John, as Lady Randolph's sisters initially believed that the biological father of the second son,
327:
576:
especially enjoyed her company, although Lady
Randolph had been involved in an affair with her husband the king, which was well known to Alexandra. Through her family contacts and her extramarital romantic relationships, Lady Randolph greatly helped her husband's early career, as well as that of her
391:
There is some disagreement regarding the time and place of her birth. A plaque at 426 Henry St. gives her year of birth as 1850, not 1854. However, on 9 January 1854, the
Jeromes lived nearby at number 8 Amity Street (since renumbered as 197). It is believed that the Jeromes were temporarily staying
569:: "She shone for me like the evening star. I loved her dearly – but at a distance." After he became an adult, they became good friends and strong allies, to the point where Winston regarded her almost as a political mentor, and “on even terms, more like brother and sister than mother and son.”
927:
The date recorded in the family Bible, although put in some years later, was made by
Leonard Jerome's cousin, Margaret Middleton, an historian for the Daughters of the American Revolution and an accomplished genealogist. She unquestionably checked her facts with the immediate family. Further
1457:"Under Two Flags: Rapprochement and the American Hospital Ship Maine: A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the Graduate School of the Texas Woman's University Department of History and Government College of Arts and Sciences"
503:
Although they became engaged within three days of this initial meeting, the marriage was delayed for months while their parents argued over settlements. By this marriage, she was properly known as Lady
Randolph Churchill and would have been addressed in conversation as Lady Randolph.
928:
confirmation of the 1854 birth-date comes from a letter Jennie wrote to her husband on
January 8, 1883, thanking him for a present: "Just in time for my birthday tomorrow—29 my dear; but I shall not acknowledge it to the world. 26 is quite enough.
585:
Lord
Randolph died in 1895, aged 45. His death freed Jennie to move on effortlessly despite her lack of money; she mixed in the highest London society circles. Attending a weekend party in July 1898 hosted by
523:(1880–1947). Winston, the future prime minister, was born less than eight months after the marriage. Amongst his biographers, there are varied opinions on whether he was conceived before the marriage (notably
1840:
423:. Heller believed that his young pupil was good enough to attain "concert standard" with the necessary "hard work", of which, according to author Mary S. Lovell, he was not confident she was capable.
1227:
van der Werff, Adriaen; Starling, Thomas; Churchill, John; Churchill, Randolph; Churchill, Winston; Pond, James B.; Purdy, J. E.; Churchill, Jennie Jerome; Churchill, John
Spencer (10 July 2004).
857:
Brooklyn was an independent city prior to the consolidation of the cities of New York (then
Manhattan and the Bronx) and Brooklyn with the largely rural areas of Queens and Staten Island in 1898.
642:
George doted on Jennie, amorously nicknaming her "pussycat". However, they drifted apart. The
Churchills were becoming a dedicated literary family, and George, who was a financial failure in
1830:
2563:
711:
1184:
765:(an association of New York Democrats) on that occasion, Jennie could not have been involved as she was in Europe at the time, about to give birth to her son Winston later that month.
485:
2518:
2430:
572:
Lady
Randolph was well-respected and influential in the highest British social and political circles. She was said to be intelligent, witty, and quick to laughter. It was said that
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1903:
2558:
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2183:
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1049:
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Her legal name was Jennie, per the 1874 marriage license bearing witness to her union with Lord Randolph Spencer-Churchill, accessed on ancestry.com on 21 January 2017.
2523:
2424:
598:
who was just 16 days older than her own son Winston; he was instantly smitten, and they spent much time together. George and Jennie were married on 28 July 1900 at
2253:
2231:
565:. Winston worshipped his mother, writing her numerous letters during his time at school and begging her to visit him, which she rarely did. He wrote about her in
543:
1825:
722:
In May 1921, while Montagu Porch was away in Africa, Jennie slipped while coming down a friend's staircase wearing new high-heeled shoes, breaking her ankle.
2548:
1882:
284:
47:
726:
set in, and her left leg was amputated above the knee on 10 June. At age 67, she died at her home at 8 Westbourne Street in London on 29 June, following a
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produced and took the lead role in the play, it was a commercial failure. It was at this point that Campbell began an affair with Jennie’s then husband,
673:
Jennie separated from George in 1912, and they were divorced in April 1914, whereupon Cornwallis-West married Mrs. Campbell. Jennie dropped the surname
561:
As was the custom of the day in her social class, Lady Randolph played a limited role in her sons' upbringing, relying largely upon nannies, especially
2346:
2295:
2161:
2037:
1847:
2200:
703:, Porch resigned from the colonial service. After Jennie's death, he returned to West Africa, where his business investments had proven successful.
396:
2573:
1908:
292:
55:
2553:
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1857:
753:
is sometimes erroneously attributed to Jennie Churchill, who supposedly asked a bartender to make a special drink to celebrate the election of
532:
1192:
2248:
2236:
1936:
1729:
1576:
1090:
964:
913:
646:, slowly fell out of love with his wife, who was old enough to be his mother. Short of money, Jennie contemplated selling the family home in
450:
388:. She had two surviving sisters, Clarita (1851–1935) and Leonie (1859–1943). Another sister, Camille (1855–1863) died when Jennie was nine.
2478:
477:
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1835:
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1960:
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2000:
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at the Henry Street address, which was owned by Leonard's brother Addison, and that Jennie was born there during a snowstorm.
246:
2057:
1976:
1347:
1053:
528:
520:
2305:
2078:
734:
716:
124:
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2144:
2123:
2064:
1915:
1862:
1610:
762:
625:(RRC) in the South Africa Honours list published on 26 June 1902. Churchill received the decoration in person from King
2356:
2318:
2166:
2024:
1867:
407:
65:
1877:
2388:
2085:
1783:
1014:
535:, although that was mostly discredited due to the boys' striking likeness to Randolph Churchill and to each other.
613:. She headed the effort to charter the ship in partnership with two American-born socialites residing in London:
2528:
2382:
2149:
2138:
1920:
2473:
2406:
1968:
738:
481:
311:
140:
361:
and his wife Clarissa (always called Clara), daughter of Ambrose Hall, a landowner. Jerome's father was of
2300:
1898:
805:
651:
591:
553:
538:
Lady Randolph is believed to have had numerous lovers during her marriage, including the Prince of Wales,
443:
373:
ancestry through her maternal grandmother; however, there is no research or evidence to corroborate this.
172:
2341:
2289:
2016:
827:
692:
667:
562:
350:
903:
71:
357:
in 1854, the second of four daughters (one died in childhood) of financier, sportsman, and speculator
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2008:
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547:
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36:
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97:
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1388:
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315:
242:
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1984:
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497:
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427:
288:
51:
761:
governorship in 1874. However, though the drink is believed to have been invented by the
1229:"An Age of Youth - Churchill and the Great Republic | Exhibitions - Library of Congress"
2436:
2325:
1228:
1050:"Winston Churchill's Mother Jennie Jerome Was Born in Cobble Hill, But in Which House?"
643:
416:
358:
335:
331:
256:
17:
1705:
Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill – Volume II, The Dramatic Years, 1895–1921
1673:
1406:
2452:
2283:
1992:
1952:
878:"Jennie Jerome Churchill | American Heiress, Winston Churchill's Mother | Britannica"
780:
775:
688:
647:
618:
493:
385:
366:
208:
2099:
1682:
595:
326:
1351:
943:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online ed., May 2006, accessed 18 September 2010
2394:
727:
700:
454:
411:
The Jerome sisters: Jennie (1854–1921), Clara (1851–1935) and Leonie (1859–1943)
476:
Jennie Jerome was married for the first time on 15 April 1874, aged 20, at the
453:
starting in 1914. This organization helped fund and staff two hospitals during
1734:
1302:
American Jennie: The Remarkable Life of Lady Randolph Churchill", Norton, 2008
785:
658:. George was in fragile health, and recuperated at the Swiss skiing resort of
655:
626:
298:
1510:
1482:
1392:
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1158:
1132:
678:
659:
605:
Around this time, Jennie became well known for chartering the hospital ship
1696:
Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill – The Romantic Years, 1854–1895
908:. Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill. Prentice-Hall. p. 324.
399:, said that there was "more of the panther than of the woman in her look."
496:
in August 1873, having been introduced by the Prince of Wales, the future
723:
377:
370:
362:
354:
1375:
To Marry an English Lord: Tales of Wealth and Marriage, Sex and Snobbery
415:
Jennie was a talented amateur pianist, having been tutored as a girl by
1944:
1767:
696:
699:, who was younger than her son Winston by three years. At the end of
420:
1775:
710:
552:
506:
469:
Lord and Lady Randolph (pregnant with Winston) in Paris (1874) by
464:
406:
381:
325:
1779:
1739:
American Jennie: The Remarkable Life of Lady Randolph Churchill
365:
extraction, his forebears having emigrated to America from the
621:. For this work, Churchill was awarded the decoration of the
449:
Jennie served as the chair of the hospital committee for the
1185:"Helping in Britain: The American Women's War Relief Fund"
939:
G. H. L. Le May, "Churchill, Jeanette (1854–1921)", rev.
809:, a quarterly miscellany edited by Lady Randolph Churchill
730:
of an artery in her thigh resulting from the amputation.
999:
Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill—The Romantic
1052:. Cobble Hill Association. 15 June 2011. Archived from
511:
Lady Randolph with her two sons, John and Winston, 1889
486:
John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough
557:
Newspaper drawing of Churchill astride a bicycle, 1895
310:, was an American-born British socialite, the wife of
1537:. No. 36889. London. 3 October 1902. p. 7.
1133:"Work of American Women's War Relief Fund in London"
959:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p. 24.
2355:
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1929:
1891:
1813:
262:
252:
238:
131:
119:
105:
79:
34:
1509:
1481:
985:Winston S. Churchill: Volume One: Youth, 1874–1900
369:in 1710. Hall family lore insists that Jennie had
1251:
1249:
492:. The couple had met at a sailing regatta on the
2564:Parents of prime ministers of the United Kingdom
1081:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. p.
1592:, Pan Books, London, 2002 edition, pp.353–354,
733:She was buried in the Churchill family plot at
2519:Companions of the Order of the Crown of India
1791:
1377:. New York: Workman Publishing. p. 364.
638:The Reminiscences of Lady Randolph Churchill.
8:
1666:The Reminiscences of Lady Randolph Churchill
2093:Never was so much owed by so many to so few
1722:Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill
1687:Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill
1430:
1428:
1373:MacColl, Gail; Wallace, Carol McD. (2012).
1215:Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill
905:Jennie: The Life of Lady Randolph Churchill
687:Her third marriage, on 1 June 1918, was to
314:, and the mother of British prime minister
306:; 9 January 1854 – 29 June 1921), known as
27:American-born British socialite (1854–1921)
2559:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
2213:
1798:
1784:
1776:
1490:. Wilkes-Barre Times Leader. 7 August 1901
64:
31:
2039:A History of the English-Speaking Peoples
1759:Works by or about Lady Randolph Churchill
1444:(Supplement). 26 June 1902. p. 4193.
1316:, Laurel, Boston, 1989 edition, p. 137,
1314:Winston Spencer Churchill, The Last Lion
1337:, 1930, Touchstone, 1996 edition, p.28.
1159:"Two Hospitals for U.S. Troops Wounded"
941:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
869:
819:
662:. Jennie took to writing plays for the
161:
2524:Dames of Grace of the Order of St John
2413:Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill
2162:Schools and higher education (various)
533:Evelyn Boscawen, 7th Viscount Falmouth
2534:Burials at St Martin's Church, Bladon
1938:The Story of the Malakand Field Force
1921:Churchill's third ministry, 1951–1955
1768:Interview with Anne Sebba, author of
1698:(Prentice-Hall, Ninth printing, 1969)
1571:, Little Brown, London, 2011, p.332,
297:
157:
7:
1455:Thurmond, Aubri E. (December 2014).
1280:. New York, NY: Penguin. p. 4.
1122:, Little Brown, London, 2011, p.259.
1109:, Little Brown, London, 2011, p. 28.
1017:. Winstonchurchill.org. 29 June 1921
629:on 2 October 1902 during a visit to
395:She was a noted beauty; an admirer,
197:
189:
2549:20th-century American women writers
2025:"Are There Men on the Moon?" (1942)
225:
2569:American women non-fiction writers
2544:20th-century British women writers
2504:British people of American descent
1916:Churchill caretaker ministry, 1945
1664:Churchill, Lady Randolph Spencer.
1015:"Churchill Had Iroquois Ancestors"
774:Jennie Churchill was portrayed by
426:In 1909, when American impresario
25:
2579:American people of French descent
2509:People from Cobble Hill, Brooklyn
2184:Mishkenot Sha'ananim bust, Israel
2167:Boulevard in Mississauga, Ontario
2119:Bibliography of Winston Churchill
1899:Churchill war ministry, 1940–1945
1514:. Valentine Democrat. 23 May 1901
788:in the British television series
609:to care for those wounded in the
1962:London to Ladysmith via Pretoria
1191:. 9 January 2017. Archived from
666:, in many of which the star was
636:In 1908, she wrote her memoirs,
451:American Women's War Relief Fund
193:
2337:1940 British war cabinet crisis
2129:International Churchill Society
2002:Marlborough: His Life and Times
791:Jennie: Lady Randolph Churchill
600:St Paul's Church, Knightsbridge
308:Lady Randolph Spencer-Churchill
221:
185:
153:
2574:Members of the Royal Red Cross
2431:Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill
2134:Churchill War Rooms and Museum
2058:A total and unmitigated defeat
1557:. 10 April 1914. p. 3130.
1078:The Churchills in Love And War
956:The Churchills in Love And War
835:, but is known by the surname
438:, written by Jennie. Although
349:Jennie Jerome was born in the
1:
2554:American emigrants to England
2539:British women autobiographers
2079:We shall fight on the beaches
1841:"Wilderness" years, 1929–1939
1407:"UNITED STATES HOSPITAL SHIP"
1189:American Women in World War I
691:(1877–1964), a member of the
515:The Churchills had two sons:
339:
2145:Churchill College, Cambridge
2065:Blood, toil, tears and sweat
826:This British person has the
2479:Family of Winston Churchill
2319:Terminological inexactitude
1720:Reissue of both volumes of
1678:. Longman's Green & Co.
1522:– via Newspapers.com.
1511:"Mrs. Blow is Enroute Home"
1173:– via Newspapers.com.
1147:– via Newspapers.com.
737:, Oxfordshire, next to her
590:, Jennie was introduced to
434:, the first production was
2595:
2514:Theatre people from London
2484:Women of the Victorian era
2306:St Martin's Church, Bladon
2086:This was their finest hour
1637:"Jennie and the Manhattan"
1462:. Texas Women's University
735:St Martin's Church, Bladon
717:St Martin's Church, Bladon
125:St Martin's Church, Bladon
42:Jeanette Spencer-Churchill
2347:Honorary U.S. citizenship
2150:Churchill Archives Centre
2139:National Churchill Museum
2041:(1956–1958, four volumes)
2004:(1933–1938, four volumes)
1988:(1923–1931, five volumes)
63:
2489:American autobiographers
2033:(1948–1953, six volumes)
1831:Liberal Party, 1904–1924
683:Lady Randolph Churchill.
98:Brooklyn, New York State
2499:English autobiographers
2407:Lord Randolph Churchill
1978:Lord Randolph Churchill
1848:World War II, 1939–1945
1039:, Norton, 2008, page 13
745:Cocktail misattribution
482:Lord Randolph Churchill
430:became sole manager of
312:Lord Randolph Churchill
141:Lord Randolph Churchill
18:Jennie Jerome Churchill
2469:Socialites from London
2425:John Spencer-Churchill
2301:Siege of Sidney Street
1826:In politics, 1900–1939
1724:, (Sourcebooks, 2007)
1707:(Prentice-Hall, 1971)
1668:, 1908 (Autobiography)
1276:Johnson, Paul (2010).
1163:Salisbury Evening Post
981:Churchill, Randolph S.
806:The Anglo-Saxon Review
719:
592:George Cornwallis-West
558:
512:
490:Lady Frances Anne Vane
473:
444:George Cornwallis-West
412:
346:
173:George Cornwallis-West
2342:Bengal famine of 1943
2290:Operation Unthinkable
2227:Palace of Westminster
2018:Arms and the Covenant
1853:Later life, 1945–1965
1836:Chancellor, 1924–1929
1821:Early life, 1874–1904
1312:Manchester, William,
1075:Lovell, Mary (2011).
953:Lovell, Mary (2011).
902:Martin, R.G. (1990).
749:The invention of the
714:
693:British Civil Service
689:Montagu Phippen Porch
668:Mrs. Patrick Campbell
556:
510:
468:
410:
329:
243:Sir Winston Churchill
2365:Clementine Churchill
2031:The Second World War
2010:Great Contemporaries
1970:Ian Hamilton's March
1741:(W.W. Norton, 2007)
1672:Kraus, René (1943).
1333:Churchill, Winston,
1255:William Manchester,
1195:on 27 September 2017
1003:, 9th printing, 1969
548:Herbert von Bismarck
440:Mrs Patrick Campbell
160:; died
37:The Right Honourable
2494:American socialites
2312:Sword of Stalingrad
2201:Cultural depictions
2196:Sutherland portrait
2072:Be ye men of valour
1675:Young Lady Randolph
1483:"Americans Honored"
615:Jennie Goodell Blow
594:, a captain in the
484:, the third son of
436:His Borrowed Plumes
2389:Marigold Churchill
2377:Randolph Churchill
2296:Political ideology
2207:Churchillian Drift
2141:(Fulton, Missouri)
1643:. 23 December 2007
1641:The New York Times
1554:The London Gazette
1533:"Court Circular".
1441:The London Gazette
1354:on 27 October 2009
1139:. 31 December 1916
1056:on 30 January 2012
882:www.britannica.com
751:Manhattan cocktail
720:
715:Jennie's grave at
677:, and resumed, by
559:
544:Prince Karl Kinsky
525:William Manchester
519:(1874–1965), and
513:
474:
413:
376:She was raised in
347:
2446:
2445:
2401:Winston Churchill
2262:
2261:
2232:Parliament Square
1883:Death and funeral
1858:Electoral history
1807:Winston Churchill
1730:978-1-4022-0972-7
1577:978-1-4087-0247-5
1567:Lovell, Mary S.,
1413:. 25 January 1900
1118:Lovell, Mary S.,
1105:Lovell, Mary S.,
1092:978-0-393-06230-4
966:978-0-393-06230-4
915:978-0-13-511882-5
832:Spencer-Churchill
828:barrelled surname
650:to move into the
563:Elizabeth Everest
540:Milan I of Serbia
432:The Globe Theatre
338:, New York City (
316:Winston Churchill
281:Spencer-Churchill
270:
269:
16:(Redirected from
2586:
2529:British amputees
2254:Washington, D.C.
2214:
2190:The Roaring Lion
1986:The World Crisis
1800:
1793:
1786:
1777:
1763:Internet Archive
1718:Martin, Ralph G.
1702:Martin, Ralph G.
1693:Martin, Ralph G.
1679:
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1350:. Archived from
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1001:Years, 1854–1895
997:Ralph G. Martin
995:
989:
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987:, pp. 15–16
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755:Samuel J. Tilden
531:(1880–1947) was
471:Georges Penabert
344:
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2583:
2449:
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2447:
2442:
2383:Sarah Churchill
2371:Diana Churchill
2351:
2332:Tonypandy riots
2274:Blenheim Palace
2258:
2212:
2157:Memorial Trusts
2111:
2105:
2045:
1925:
1887:
1809:
1804:
1770:American Jennie
1755:
1671:
1661:
1659:Further reading
1656:
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1635:
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1604:
1588:Jenkins, Roy.,
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1961:
1953:
1948:(1899 novel)
1945:
1937:
1873:Racial views
1863:As a painter
1769:
1738:
1721:
1704:
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1674:
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1645:. Retrieved
1640:
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1464:. Retrieved
1450:
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1415:. Retrieved
1410:
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1374:
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1356:. Retrieved
1352:the original
1348:"Edward VII"
1342:
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1300:Anne Sebba,
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1277:
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1236:. Retrieved
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1197:. Retrieved
1193:the original
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1054:the original
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844:
836:
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789:
779:
778:in the film
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271:
111:(1921-06-29)
109:29 June 1921
29:
2464:1921 deaths
2459:1854 births
2395:Mary Soames
1909:conferences
1868:As a writer
1735:Sebba, Anne
1647:24 February
1549:"No. 28820"
1436:"No. 27448"
1233:www.loc.gov
1060:24 February
1035:Anne Saba,
728:haemorrhage
701:World War I
681:, the name
455:World War I
353:section of
351:Cobble Hill
343: 1878
2453:Categories
2403:(grandson)
2397:(daughter)
2391:(daughter)
2385:(daughter)
2373:(daughter)
2112:depictions
2110:Legacy and
1892:Ministries
1621:10 October
1358:18 October
887:21 October
865:References
786:Lee Remick
769:Portrayals
656:Piccadilly
652:Ritz Hotel
627:Edward VII
322:Early life
192:;
90:1854-01-09
2421:(brother)
2279:Chartwell
1590:Churchill
1535:The Times
1393:883485021
1278:Churchill
1021:30 August
837:Churchill
679:deed poll
660:St Moritz
132:Spouse(s)
2415:(mother)
2409:(father)
2237:Woodford
2050:Speeches
1930:Writings
1904:timeline
1878:His pets
1518:10 April
1494:10 April
1466:11 April
1417:18 April
1238:21 March
1199:26 April
1169:27 April
1143:26 April
983:(1966),
799:See also
759:New York
724:Gangrene
664:West End
644:the City
378:Brooklyn
371:Iroquois
363:Huguenot
355:Brooklyn
273:Jeanette
2267:Related
2249:Toronto
2223:London
2217:Statues
2124:Honours
1946:Savrola
1761:at the
1615:FreeBMD
921:24 July
794:(1974).
757:to the
697:Nigeria
517:Winston
230:
218:
214:
202:
182:
178:
166:
150:
146:
74:, 1880s
2367:(wife)
2357:Family
2172:others
2020:(1938)
2012:(1937)
1996:(1930)
1980:(1906)
1972:(1900)
1964:(1900)
1956:(1899)
1940:(1898)
1745:
1728:
1711:
1689:, 1969
1596:
1575:
1391:
1381:
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1217:, 1969
1089:
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546:, and
421:Chopin
384:, and
303:Jerome
301:
277:Jennie
263:Mother
253:Father
224:
196:
188:
156:
120:Buried
100:, U.S.
2379:(son)
2244:Paris
1617:. ONS
1460:(PDF)
1411:Trove
814:Notes
707:Death
607:Maine
382:Paris
291:
287:
239:Issue
228:)
220:(
216:
200:)
184:(
180:
164:)
152:(
148:
54:
50:
1814:Life
1743:ISBN
1726:ISBN
1709:ISBN
1649:2012
1623:2017
1594:ISBN
1573:ISBN
1520:2023
1496:2023
1468:2023
1419:2024
1389:OCLC
1379:ISBN
1360:2007
1318:ISBN
1282:ISBN
1261:ISBN
1240:2021
1201:2018
1171:2018
1145:2018
1087:ISBN
1062:2012
1023:2015
961:ISBN
923:2024
910:ISBN
889:2023
617:and
529:John
521:John
488:and
330:The
293:DStJ
226:1918
198:1914
194:div.
190:1900
162:1895
158:1874
106:Died
80:Born
56:DStJ
695:in
654:in
633:.
500:.
334:on
299:née
289:RRC
52:RRC
2455::
1737:.
1685:.
1639:.
1613:.
1551:.
1486:.
1438:.
1427:^
1409:.
1387:.
1259:,
1248:^
1231:.
1187:.
1161:.
1135:.
1085:.
1083:65
925:.
880:.
741:.
670:.
602:.
550:.
542:,
457:.
446:.
380:,
340:c.
318:.
285:CI
279:"
222:m.
186:m.
154:m.
48:CI
2328:"
2324:"
2321:"
2317:"
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