192:
17:
184:. That same year, after the consecration of the new cathedral, Rodrigo made the church a large endowment of his personal property. The charter of this endowment, possibly drawn up by Jerome himself, survives in its original form with Rodrigo's autograph. Jerome and the priests of the cathedral then pronounced excommunication and anathema on anyone who would deprive the church of this gift. The charter also specifies that Jerome "raised by a special privilege of freedom" (
312:
243:, made a gift to his church. The charter dated 22 June formally re-establishing the dioceses of Salamanca and Zamora and placing them under Jerome was forged after Jerome's death and before 1135. It was, however, confirmed by Alfonso VI in 1136. The formal installation of Jerome as bishop of Salamanca and administrator of the sees of Zamora and Ávila may have taken place at the
188:) from the pope, probably a reference the church of Valencia being exempted from any metropolitan authority and being subject only to the pope. The charter implies that Jerome was not elevated to the bishopric until after the consecration of the new cathedral, but historian Bernard Reilly has argued that Jerome's trip to Rome must be placed in the first half of 1098.
451:("Jerome, who was from the region of Périgord, whom made bishop of Valencia in the time of Rodrigo the Campeador. But, once. the city had been lost again shortly afterwards, Bernard, his metropolitan and primate, installed him in Zamora, so that he might serve there as a bishop, even though there had never been a bishop or a cathedral church there.")
172:, he asked Bernard of Sedirac to send him a new bishop for Valencia. If Jerome was sent by Bernard, he was sent as a mere priest, not yet consecrated a bishop. According to a document drawn up for Rodrigo, Jerome was "canonically elected with the agreement of the people" in Valencia. He then travelled to Rome to be consecrated "by the pope's hand" (
275:
to the churches under his control. There is no record of secular officials operating in the region of Ávila–Salamanca–Zamora during the remainder of Jerome's pontificate. During the troubled early reign of Urraca, Raymond's widow, who succeeded to the throne in 1109, Jerome briefly considered supporting her rival
258:. Jerome does not seem to have personally resided at Salamanca, which was practically a frontier post in those days. Instead, he lived mainly at Zamora. He also supervised ecclesiastical life in the region of Ávila, where a document of 1103 in which some men of Ávila made a donation to the Castilian monastery of
266:). Documents of 1104, 1107 and 1111 call him bishop of Zamora. There he had replaced another cleric, Roscelin, probably also a Frenchman, who was entrusted by Raymond with the two Zamoran churches at an earlier date. Roscelin seems never to have been appointed bishop. At a meeting of the royal court at
219:. It proved impossible for the king's army to hold the city; Valencia was abandoned to the Almoravids in May. Jerome managed to take with him the two diplomas of Rodrigo and Jimena, perhaps in the hope that he would one day be restored to Valencia. They remain in the archive of Salamanca to this day.
270:
on 6 February 1105, the king granted Jerome, as bishop of
Salamanca, the church of San Martín at Zamora. Jerome seems never to have been regarded as holding more than one bishopric at a time (plurality), but after his death, the dioceses were definitively restored at Zamora and Ávila (1121). Jerome
274:
Jerome assisted Duke
Raymond in repopulating the region between the Duero and the Sierra de Guadarrama, and he probably took sole charge of the project after the latter's death in 1107. In a charter dated 30 December 1107, Alfonso VI confirmed to Jerome all the grants and privileges made by Raymond
140:
in
Toulouse on 24 May 1096. Moreover, Urban visited Moissac on 13 May 1096. If Jerome was indeed a monk of that place, and Rodrigo de Rada's account is accurate, then it is probable that he was recruited during Urban's visit. Thus, it has traditionally been assumed that Jerome did not cross the
448:
Et
Ieronimum de partibus Petragorice, quem tempore Roderici Campiatoris fecit episcopum Valentinum, set in breui ciuitate deperdita, eum dominus Bernardus metropolitanus eius et primas in ciuitate posuit Zamorensi, ut ibi episcopalia exerceret, in qua nondum fuerat nec episcopus nec ecclesia
350:. On 9 December 1117, he again visited the court of Alfonso VII at Sahagún. In the spring of 1118, Jerome, probably with forces from his own province, joined the army assembled in eastern Castile for possible war with Alfonso of Aragon. On 2 June, the queen was holding a council at
287:
around this time. Nonetheless, on 4 January 1113, Jerome travelled to the queen's court at either Sahagún or León, perhaps because negotiations had been opened between Urraca and
Theresa. In 1115 Jerome spent the early spring at Urraca's court, confirming a royal donation to the
354:, where Jerome was probably present. On 20 November, Jerome had returned to León with the royal court, there to confirm a donation by Alfonso VII to the church of Toledo. On 22 February 1119, he was in Castile to subscribe a royal charter of donation to the monastery of
141:
Pyrenees until
Bernard's return to Spain sometime after July 1096. However, Gerald of Braga had been installed in his see by earlier that year and the recruitment of French monks for Spanish work may have begun as early as 1088. Jerome probably entered the
1334:
Reyes
Aguilar, Esperanza de los (2014). "Arsonists, Thieves and Clerics: Attacks against the Church within the Dioceses of Salamanca and Zamora during the 12th and 13th Centuries". In Radosław Kotecki; Jacek Maciejewski (eds.).
469:
Historian
Richard Fletcher suggests that the initiative in his appointment lay with Bernard, but if so it was a failed initiative since the papal consecration of Jerome removed the Valencian diocese from Toledan
176:), becoming thereby the first bishop of Valencia in connection with the wider church in about a century. The dates of his election as bishop and of his trip to Rome are not clear. Sometime after the conquest of
211:
to ask for assistance. Alfonso arrived with an army in
February 1102. Perhaps at the royal court in 1101 or after Alfonso arrived at Valencia in 1102, Jerome appears to have made himself a
279:, for he was in attendance at the Portuguese court on 1 August 1112. Jerome's ecclesiastical district was a kind of buffer zone between Portugal and the central region of the
250:
It is probable that Jerome was appointed bishop by
Raymond, who was in charge of reestablishing ecclesiastical structures in the recently conquered territory between the
370:
36:
1416:
373:, which was then under Almoravid control. It is not clear if Jerome ever made the profession, but within eighty years of his death it was believed that he had.
203:, took over. On 21 May 1101, Jimena donated a tenth of her possessions to the Valencian church under Jerome. In late August 1101, the city was blockaded by the
1227:. First published as "Le premier témoignage chrétien sur la prise de Valence: La charte de donation de Rodrigue à la cathédrale (1098)", in Flocel Sabaté,
52:
191:
483:
expresses the belief that Jerome was "subject to the archbishop of Toledo, whose suffragan he originally was and who had consecrated him" (
1462:
160:), which had been conquered in July 1093. After the conquest of Valencia in 1094, Rodrigo wanted to replace the native bishop of the
460:
The last Mozarabic bishop fled the city in 1092. It is not known if he returned after the Cid's conquest, or if he had died by 1098.
208:
271:
returned to the royal court at Sahagún in December 1105, but he did not regularly stay at either the king's court or the duke's.
137:
346:
On 4 July 1117, Jerome was with the court of Urraca and Alfonso VII at León, where the queen gave a charter to the monastery of
16:
1376:
Jérôme de Périgueux (1060?–1120), chapelain du Cid: Évêque de Valence et de Salamanque, un moine-chevalier dans la Reconquista
1242:
1452:
327:, then ruling as king in Galicia under his mother, issued his very first royal diploma. In February 1117, he attended the
276:
240:
228:
39:
after Rodrigo's conquest of the city. Forced to abandon it following Rodrigo's death, Jerome entered the service of Duke
1457:
1283:
169:
79:
1287:
377:
332:
305:
227:
After leaving Valencia, Jerome was in the northwest the next month. On 22 June 1102, Duke Raymond and his wife,
244:
347:
328:
259:
32:
235:
at that time. This grant probably took place in Zamora. Raymond and Urraca refer to Jerome as "our teacher" (
1385:
Jerónimo de Perigueux (¿1060?–1120), obispo de Valencia y de Salamanca: un monje-caballero en la Reconquista
385:
381:
1236:
369:
when the latter's diocese was raised to metropolitanate and granted the old province of the Visigothic
149:
in 1097 or 1098. A document from the Cid's rule in Valencia describes him as "coming from the North" (
133:
1447:
355:
255:
117:
44:
1337:
Ecclesia et Violentia: Violence against the Church and Violence within the Church in the Middle Ages
108:
It is unclear when Jerome came to Spain, although he was certainly one of the "honest and learned" (
1424:
Socarrás, Cayetano J. (1971). "The Cid and the Bishop of Valencia (An Historical Interpretation)".
1146:
336:
293:
289:
142:
129:
48:
340:
136:(July 1096). Bernard was present at Nîmes, and he and Urban both attended the consecration of the
128:
only to be turned back by Urban. The pope, however, was travelling in southern France between the
1410:
284:
239:). On 26 June 1102, he is first recorded as bishop of Salamanca, when Duke Raymond and his wife,
181:
146:
124:. According to Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, Bernard went to Rome in 1096, where he tried to join the
113:
40:
358:. When the queen, still in Castile, issued another charter on 26 March, Jerome did not sign it.
480:
366:
204:
66:
60:
31:, was a French monk who became the bishop of several dioceses in Spain. He was a companion of
1196:
1114:
388:
claimed that Jerome had been a monk there and was buried there, but these claims are false.
362:
280:
216:
485:
obediendo archiepiscopo Toletano, cuius exstiterat suffraganeus et a quo fuerat consecratus
380:, probably also a Frenchman, was in place before the end of the year. Jerome's countryman,
320:
301:
102:
296:
at Sahagún (April 28). On 15 October, Jerome attended a general council of the realm at
297:
200:
161:
1163:
Saint James's Catapult: The Life and Times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela
1441:
1180:
232:
153:), which must refer to France, and suggests he may have arrived directly from there.
125:
121:
94:
1325:
Reilly, Bernard F. (2003). "Jerome, Bishop of Valencia". In E. Michael Gerli (ed.).
417:
1127:
1276:
El Cid histórico: un estudio exhaustivo sobre el verdadero Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar
324:
300:
and he probably stayed with the royal court for the celebration of Christmas at
83:
20:
Original diploma of the Cid making a gift to the church of Valencia under Jerome
304:. There, on 8 January 1116, he confirmed a charter issued by the local bishop,
311:
267:
165:
87:
82:, writing a little over a century later, he was originally from the region of
156:
At Jerome's arrival in Valencia, Rodrigo gave him a property at Yubayla (now
1315:
384:, succeeded him in Zamora. In the late thirteenth century, the monastery of
212:
177:
98:
1200:
58:
Jerome has been posited as the author of both the anonymous verse history
1304:
1118:
1288:"Autógrafos inéditos del Cid y de Jimena en dos diplomas de 1098 y 1101"
864:, p. 308 n. 23. The private document dated 17 June 1104 calls him
351:
180:
on 24 June 1098, the old mosque of Valencia was consecrated as the new
157:
91:
101:
of Moissac, although that of his contemporary and countryman, Bishop
1339:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp. 8–25.
292:(March 15) and participating in face-to-face negotiations with King
215:
to the archbishop of Toledo, as the bishops of Valencia had been in
1251:
1209:
1161:
1150:
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764:
663:
661:
659:
611:
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310:
251:
190:
15:
1252:"El primer testimonio cristiano sobre la toma de Valencia (1098)"
1210:"Le premier témoignage chrétien sur la prise de Valence (1098)"
335:, and on 24 February he witnessed an agreement between Bishops
78:
Jerome's life before he came to Spain is obscure. According to
64:, in which he is not mentioned, and of the anonymous epic poem
1101:
Barton, Simon (2011). "El Cid, Cluny and the Medieval Spanish
1317:
The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VI, 1065–1109
888:
886:
1344:
Smith, Colin C. (1982). "The Dating and Relationship of the
1152:
The Episcopate in the Kingdom of León in the Twelfth Century
283:. Indeed, his sprawling diocese may have formed part of the
833:
831:
829:
827:
678:
676:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
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ordered Jerome to make a profession of obedience to Bishop
1306:
The Kingdom of León-Castilla under Queen Urraca, 1109–1126
695:
693:
691:
376:
Jerome died on 30 June 1120. His successor at Salamanca,
1403:
Jerónimo Visqué de Perigord, autor del poema del Mio Cid
1128:"Concilios nacionales de Carrión en 1103 y León en 1107"
634:
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
584:
582:
319:
On 27 November 1116, Jerome was present to the south of
412:, but in contemporary document it is sometimes spelled
429:
A hypothesis favourably considered by Emma Falque Rey.
97:further south. His obituary is not listed in the
420:", after the capital of the region of Périgord.
43:in 1102 and became bishop over the churches in
770:
438:This is the hypothesis of Javier Sáinz Moreno.
315:Map of Spain in the middle of the 12th century
877:
794:
711:
667:
615:
231:, granted him the two churches that stood in
8:
1387:. Salamanca: Centro de Estudios Salmantinos.
1320:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
1309:. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
207:and Jimena sent Jerome to the court of King
849:
262:, even refers to him as "bishop of Ávila" (
70:, in which he figures as a warrior-priest.
1415:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
195:The donation of Jimena to Valencia in 1101
145:as a canon before joining Rodrigo Díaz in
1229:Balaguer, 1105: cruïlla de civilitzacions
487:) before he was transferred to Salamanca.
988:
892:
818:
699:
525:
367:Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela
186:specialis priuilegii libertate sublimato
1135:Boletín de la Real Academia de Historia
751:
735:
537:
503:
397:
1408:
1234:
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1060:
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861:
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806:
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343:concerning their diocesan boundaries.
182:cathedral dedicated to the Virgin Mary
1084:
723:
223:Bishop of Salamanca, Ávila and Zamora
7:
199:Rodrigo died in 1099 and his widow,
1329:. New York: Routledge. p. 438.
404:The French spelling of his name is
331:held by the papal legate, Cardinal
1175:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1166:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1155:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
14:
496:This document is possibly a fake.
35:, and in 1097 or 1098 became the
1327:Medieval Iberia: An Encyclopedia
33:Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar ("El Cid")
27:(died 30 June 1120), in Spanish
1278:. Barcelona: Editorial Planeta.
1274:Martínez Díez, Gonzalo (1999).
323:when Urraca and Raymond's son,
1392:Menéndez Pidal, Ramón (1929).
1189:Journal of Theological Studies
209:Alfonso VI of Castile and León
1:
1401:Sáinz Moreno, Javier (1989).
1292:Revista de Filología Española
1171:Fletcher, Richard A. (1989).
1160:Fletcher, Richard A. (1984).
479:In a charter of 5 July 1199,
416:. He is sometimes called "of
408:; the standard Latin form is
277:Theresa, Countess of Portugal
1185:Chronica Hispana Saeculi XII
112:) French monks recruited by
1314:Reilly, Bernard F. (1988).
1303:Reilly, Bernard F. (1982).
1126:Fita Colomé, Fidel (1894).
1479:
1241:: CS1 maint: postscript (
866:Iheronimus camorense sedis
174:per Roman pontificis manus
1463:People of the Reconquista
1250:Martin, Georges (2010b).
1208:Martin, Georges (2010a).
1107:English Historical Review
1383:Lacombe, Claude (2000).
1374:Lacombe, Claude (1999).
348:San Isidro de las Dueñas
138:Basilica of Saint-Sernin
132:(November 1095) and the
1396:. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe.
247:in early January 1103.
120:, at the suggestion of
80:Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada
333:Boso of Sant'Anastasia
316:
196:
110:honestos et litteratos
21:
1350:Carmen Campi Doctoris
1284:Menéndez Pidal, Ramón
314:
260:San Millán de Cogolla
194:
19:
1453:Bishops of Salamanca
1201:10.1093/jts/43.2.731
1173:The Quest for El Cid
1147:Fletcher, Richard A.
1087:, p. 103 n. 10.
931:, p. 83 n. 119.
785:, p. 527 n. 48.
564:, p. 526 n. 42.
552:, p. 524 n. 34.
386:San Pedro de Cardeña
356:San Pedro de Arlanza
256:Sierra de Guadarrama
151:adueniente de Susana
118:archbishop of Toledo
86:in France. He was a
1183:(1992). "Review of
1075:, p. 517 n. 3.
955:, pp. 104–106.
771:Menéndez Pidal 1918
382:Bernard of Périgord
294:Alfonso I of Aragon
290:cathedral of Toledo
264:episcopus Abelensis
143:cathedral of Toledo
1378:. Editions Fanlac.
1119:10.1093/ehr/cer144
1039:, pp. 128–29.
1003:, pp. 121–22.
967:, pp. 107–08.
907:, pp. 320–21.
895:, pp. 207–09.
878:Reyes Aguilar 2014
840:, pp. 312–13.
797:, pp. 404–05.
795:Martínez Díez 1999
714:, pp. 384–85.
712:Martínez Díez 1999
685:, pp. 270–71.
670:, pp. 391–92.
668:Martínez Díez 1999
618:, pp. 388–89.
616:Martínez Díez 1999
341:Gonzalo of Coimbra
317:
285:county of Portugal
197:
114:Bernard of Sedirac
90:, possibly at the
74:Bishop of Valencia
41:Raymond of Galicia
37:bishop of Valencia
25:Jerome of Périgord
22:
1458:Bishops of Zamora
1394:La España del Cid
1346:Historia Roderici
880:, p. 9 n. 4.
773:, pp. 15–17.
528:, pp. 37–38.
481:Pope Innocent III
371:diocese of Mérida
205:Almoravid Emirate
130:synod of Clermont
67:Cantar de mio Cid
61:Historia Roderici
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363:Pope Calixtus II
281:Sierra de Gredos
245:synod of Carrión
217:Visigothic times
164:with one of the
95:abbey of Moissac
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1367:Further reading
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1233:
1231:(2007), 121–33.
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1130:
1125:
1113:(520): 517–43.
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329:synod of Burgos
237:magistro nostro
225:
168:. According to
103:Gerald of Braga
76:
12:
11:
5:
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1360:(3–4): 99–112.
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1181:Linehan, Peter
1177:
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1065:
1063:, p. 135.
1053:
1051:, p. 131.
1041:
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1027:, p. 126.
1017:
1015:, p. 125.
1005:
993:
991:, p. 206.
981:
979:, p. 117.
969:
957:
945:
933:
921:
919:, p. 343.
909:
897:
882:
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854:
852:, p. 316.
842:
823:
821:, p. 101.
811:
809:, p. 523.
799:
787:
775:
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744:
728:
726:, p. 101.
716:
704:
702:, p. 183.
687:
672:
655:
653:, p. 528.
643:
641:, p. 438.
620:
605:
603:, p. 529.
593:
591:, p. 526.
578:
576:, p. 525.
566:
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540:, p. 732.
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498:
489:
472:
462:
453:
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396:
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224:
221:
170:a later source
162:Mozarabic rite
134:synod of Nîmes
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1366:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1332:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1312:
1308:
1307:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1230:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1195:(2): 731–37.
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1129:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1002:
997:
994:
990:
989:Fletcher 1978
985:
982:
978:
973:
970:
966:
961:
958:
954:
949:
946:
943:, p. 89.
942:
937:
934:
930:
925:
922:
918:
913:
910:
906:
901:
898:
894:
893:Fletcher 1984
889:
887:
883:
879:
874:
871:
867:
863:
858:
855:
851:
846:
843:
839:
834:
832:
830:
828:
824:
820:
819:Fletcher 1989
815:
812:
808:
803:
800:
796:
791:
788:
784:
779:
776:
772:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
748:
745:
741:
737:
732:
729:
725:
720:
717:
713:
708:
705:
701:
700:Fletcher 1989
696:
694:
692:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
669:
664:
662:
660:
656:
652:
647:
644:
640:
635:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
621:
617:
612:
610:
606:
602:
597:
594:
590:
585:
583:
579:
575:
570:
567:
563:
558:
555:
551:
546:
543:
539:
534:
531:
527:
526:Fletcher 1978
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
504:
493:
490:
486:
482:
476:
473:
466:
463:
457:
454:
450:
444:
441:
435:
432:
426:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
401:
398:
391:
389:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
337:Hugh of Porto
334:
330:
326:
322:
313:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
282:
278:
272:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
222:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
193:
189:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
154:
152:
148:
144:
139:
135:
131:
127:
126:First Crusade
123:
122:Pope Urban II
119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
93:
89:
85:
81:
73:
71:
69:
68:
63:
62:
56:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
18:
1429:
1426:Iberoromania
1425:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1336:
1326:
1316:
1305:
1295:
1291:
1275:
1263:. Retrieved
1259:
1255:
1237:cite journal
1228:
1221:. Retrieved
1217:
1213:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1172:
1162:
1151:
1138:
1134:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1080:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1032:
1020:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
960:
948:
936:
924:
912:
900:
873:
865:
857:
845:
814:
802:
790:
778:
755:
752:Martin 2010b
747:
739:
736:Martin 2010a
731:
719:
707:
646:
596:
569:
557:
545:
538:Linehan 1992
533:
492:
484:
475:
465:
456:
449:cathedralis.
447:
443:
434:
425:
413:
409:
405:
400:
375:
360:
345:
318:
273:
263:
249:
236:
226:
198:
185:
173:
155:
150:
109:
107:
77:
65:
59:
57:
28:
24:
23:
1448:1120 deaths
1103:Reconquista
1073:Barton 2011
1061:Reilly 1982
1049:Reilly 1982
1037:Reilly 1982
1025:Reilly 1982
1013:Reilly 1982
1001:Reilly 1982
977:Reilly 1982
965:Reilly 1982
953:Reilly 1982
941:Reilly 1982
929:Reilly 1982
917:Reilly 1988
905:Reilly 1988
862:Reilly 1988
838:Reilly 1988
807:Barton 2011
783:Barton 2011
683:Reilly 1988
651:Barton 2011
639:Reilly 2003
601:Barton 2011
589:Barton 2011
574:Barton 2011
562:Barton 2011
550:Barton 2011
325:Alfonso VII
201:Jimena Díaz
1442:Categories
1141:: 299–342.
1085:Smith 1982
724:Smith 1982
414:Jheronimus
410:Hieronymus
321:Villabáñez
166:Roman rite
88:black monk
1432:: 101–11.
1411:cite book
1405:. Madrid.
1265:8 October
1223:8 October
418:Périgueux
361:In 1120,
213:suffragan
178:Murviedro
99:necrology
45:Salamanca
1348:and the
1286:(1918).
1256:E-Spania
1214:E-Spania
1149:(1978).
470:control.
254:and the
147:Valencia
84:Périgord
29:Jerónimo
1354:Olifant
1298:: 1–20.
1094:Sources
352:Segovia
298:Astorga
268:Sahagún
158:El Puig
92:Cluniac
756:passim
740:passim
406:Jérôme
378:Gerald
241:Urraca
233:Zamora
229:Urraca
105:, is.
53:Zamora
1131:(PDF)
392:Notes
306:Diego
252:Duero
49:Ávila
1417:link
1267:2015
1243:link
1225:2015
339:and
302:León
51:and
1352:".
1197:doi
1187:".
1115:doi
1111:126
1105:".
1444::
1428:.
1413:}}
1409:{{
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1235:{{
1218:10
1216:.
1212:.
1193:43
1191:.
1139:24
1137:.
1133:.
1109:.
885:^
826:^
763:^
754:,
738:,
690:^
675:^
658:^
623:^
608:^
581:^
506:^
308:.
116:,
55:.
47:,
1430:3
1419:)
1358:9
1296:5
1269:.
1245:)
1203:.
1199::
1121:.
1117::
868:.
758:.
742:.
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