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place back in his row. Jereed boys run across the field to retrieve errant throws and deliver them to the end zones of both sides. Even though today jereed tips are rounded rubber and light, sometimes players might be injured if they are hit on the head, eyes or ears. With today's sticks it is very rare but these injuries might even result in death. If a player dies in the field, he is considered to have lost his life in battle as a
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player pursues him and throws a jereed at the fleeing player. Another player from the first team comes out and meets the retreating rider. The player from the second team starts riding quickly to his corner and takes his former place. This time, his rival chases him and throws a jereed at him. The fast-charging chase game goes on in two 45-minute periods.
229:(Ottoman cavalrymen), mount their local breed horses, specially trained for this sport. The teams line up facing one another on the field, each player at a distance of about 10 meters from the next. With their right hand, they hold the first jereed that they will throw while holding other jereed in their left hand.
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and his relatives do not sue against other player, except that a public case is opened by the court and a legal trial is done anyway. Therefore, if there are any known hostilities amongst players they can be left out of the tournament or put in the same team by the elder people of the locality, or by
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This process of chasing and fleeing, while trying to hit an opponent with a stick, is the essence of the game, which requires skill and sportsmanship. To hit the horse instead of the rider, which is regarded as a sign of inexperience, is against the rules, and causes the offender to be sent off the
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on horseback. Part of the skill lies in training the horses so that they play a significant role in the outcome of the game. The formation of the two teams has its traditional etiquette. Care is taken not to put players, who are on bad terms in opposing teams, and players, who display deliberately
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A player wins points when he manages to hit his rival with the stick, or ride him out, or catch an incoming jereed in mid-air. He will get negative points for actions that might endanger the horse, such as riding out of bounds or striking a horse intentionally; falling off his horse; throwing the
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The players make several different defensive maneuvers in order to avoid being hit by leaning towards either side of the horse, under the horse's stomach or even its neck. Some players score more points by hitting his opponent three or four times before that player manages to escape and take his
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The teams are formed by six, eight or twelve players, standing on opposite sides of a field marked within a square of 70 to 130 meters. There are three "end zones" of about six meters deep at each end of the field, being a team's waiting area, thus meaning a neutral zone and the opposing team's
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At the beginning of the game, it is traditional for the youngest rider to trot towards the opposing team, shout the name of a player and at a distance of 30 to 40 meters toss his jereed at that player challenging him to enter the game. Then, he gallops back to his side, meanwhile the challenged
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sticks. The sticks with rubber-tipped, blunt ends are 70–100 cm in length and 2–3 cm in diameter. Originally, the sticks were heavier and thicker, however in order to reduce the risk of injury, players came to prefer sticks made of poplar, which become lighter when dried.
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The referees, who are former jereed players with standing in the community, count the number of hits and at the end of the game announce the winning team. Experienced jereed players rarely miss hitting an opponent, and are skilled at avoiding hits themselves by performing
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In the 19th century, it gained its highest popularity as a show sport and game at the court and in all
Ottoman ruled territories. However, the game was not without danger, and injuries and even death from fall-offs in the attempt to catch the flying jereed sticks prompted
80:. Turks were born, grew up, lived, fought and died on horseback. So became jereed the most important sporting and ceremonial game of Turkish people. The term itself is an Arabic word (جريد) that refers to a javelin or stick made from stripped palm fronds.
335:) - A two-beat gait of the horse between the smooth gaits of walk and canter during which the left front and right rear legs leave the ground simultaneously followed by the other two. A bumpy ride, this is the least comfortable gait for the rider.
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throwing area. Each team has its own flag. The horses should not be younger than four years of age. A medium height horse is preferred because tall horses are not quick to maneuver, therefore most suitable ones are
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stick from inside the neutral zone; or throwing from closer than five meters during pursuit. Referees posted at the center line and at each end of the field award both positive and negative points with their flags.
91:, and it widespread from that time onwards. In peacetime, jereed was played to improve the cavalry's attack and defense skills, and during campaigns to whip up their enthusiasm for battle. Some of the
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The Jereed game begins with introduction of the players to the spectators with words of praise, followed by handshakes at center field and a parade of each team with its flag. Meanwhile, drums and
178:. Cultural folkloric societies are also attempting to keep this traditional sport alive by organizing local tournaments. Around 50 clubs in nine provinces in Turkey organize jereed tournaments.
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103:(1413–1421) attached importance to jereed in the training of their armies. A superior class of cavalrymen known as "cündi" was formed from those skilled at jereed. It spread over to
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At the end of the game, the winner is announced by a council of former jereed players depending on points collected by two teams. Organizers give awards to the winning team and a
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Riders test the field and their horses, than go back to their section. Jereed players in traditional regional costumes, a remembrance of the
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362:) - Soldier mounted on horseback at Ottoman times. This title is also given today to skillful horsemen and successful jereed players.
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equestrian team sport played outdoors on horseback in which the objective is to score points by throwing a blunt wooden
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Jereed is a means of improving equestrian skills, and involves two teams of horsemen, each armed with dried
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Değnek, aka Diğnek or Deynek (stick) - The name given to jereed in some regions.
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as the essential sporting and ceremonial game, it was brought to
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are known to have been jereed players, and early sultans like
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At oyunu - The name of jereed game in the provinces of
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Meydan - Flat ground field for playing jereed game.
246:hostile behavior during a match are blacklisted.
478:"Turkish Folks and Traditions - Cirit (Javelin)"
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371:Alay - Horsemen of a team in a row formation.
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83:Jereed came to Anatolia with Turks as they
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455:World Association of Newspapers
437:Ministry of Culture and Tourism
365:Cündi - Very skilled horseman.
154:, in the western provinces of
111:countries and, was enjoyed in
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1300:Sports originating in Turkey
590:FEI disciplines, non-Olympic
1285:Sport in the Ottoman Empire
1134:Western riding (horse show)
680:List of horse racing venues
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1295:Turkish traditional sports
1145:breed-specific disciplines
410:"Turkish Jereed (Javelin)"
1290:Turkish words and phrases
1249:List of historical horses
670:Thoroughbred horse racing
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1193:Competitive trail riding
675:Films about horse racing
451:"Equestrian game: Cirit"
216:Ottoman military marches
1016:Cowboy mounted shooting
1275:Equestrian team sports
1254:Women in equestrianism
1057:exhibition disciplines
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1104:Show hunter (British)
713:Equestrian drill team
358:aka Sipah or İspahi (
76:in the Central Asian
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1218:Mounted orienteering
1167:Icelandic equitation
903:Working stock sports
1152:Camargue equitation
1074:Halter (horse show)
869:Draft horse showing
30:) is a traditional
1172:Working equitation
1119:Trail (horse show)
1064:Classical dressage
780:Corrida de sortija
220:Köroğlu folk music
214:(reed pipes) play
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1079:Horse showmanship
1000:Working cow horse
864:Chuckwagon racing
775:Carrera de cintas
763:Games with horses
718:Escaramuza charra
528:Equestrian sports
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1129:Western pleasure
1124:Western dressage
1069:English pleasure
970:Jineteada gaucha
920:Breakaway roping
915:Australian rodeo
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539:Main articles:
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457:. 9 April 2024.
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1162:Doma vaquera
1143:Regional and
1114:Stunt riding
1043:Pig sticking
990:Team penning
935:Campdrafting
925:Bronc riding
874:Fine harness
830:Sinjska alka
820:Pole bending
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1099:Show hunter
1089:Saddle seat
995:Team roping
930:Calf roping
825:Potato race
785:Dzhigitovka
708:Cowboy polo
696:Team sports
685:by capacity
645:Flat racing
270:Terminology
67: 1800
1269:Categories
1109:Sidesaddle
1053:Horse show
965:Goat tying
749:Polocrosse
548:Equitation
382:References
360:cavalryman
243:acrobatics
168:Diyarbakır
1188:Cavalcade
1094:Show hack
1084:Hunt seat
940:Charrería
835:Skijoring
815:O-Mok-See
607:Horseball
602:Endurance
338:Dörtnal (
312:slow gait
266:is held.
160:Balıkesir
125:Mahmud II
97:Bayezid I
1031:Yabusame
1021:Jousting
1009:Weaponry
889:Roadster
800:Gymkhana
795:Er Enish
723:Fantasia
703:Buzkashi
622:Vaulting
576:Eventing
571:Dressage
493:See also
317:Rahvan (
310:Aheste (
148:Erzincan
109:European
101:Mehmed I
85:migrated
48:Anatolia
1242:Related
955:Cutting
845:Driving
810:Kyz kuu
730:(cirit)
612:Reining
563:Olympic
331:Tırıs (
324:Adeta (
301:Tunceli
294:Tunceli
264:banquet
237:field.
227:Sipahis
201:Arabian
140:Bayburt
136:Erzurum
89:wargame
78:steppes
54:History
36:javelin
32:Turkish
24:Turkish
1038:Pasola
847:sports
728:Jereed
482:cankan
356:Sipahi
347:gallop
340:canter
256:martyr
212:zurnas
192:poplar
144:Artvin
113:German
105:Arabia
20:Jereed
980:Rodeo
950:Coleo
655:Palio
319:amble
287:zurna
176:Konya
172:Siirt
164:Söğüt
28:Cirit
1233:TREC
744:Polo
739:Pato
734:Mata
333:trot
326:walk
303:and
283:drum
218:and
203:and
156:Uşak
152:Kars
138:and
115:and
107:and
1055:and
559:FEI
305:Muş
285:or
190:or
188:oak
42:in
1271::
480:.
463:^
453:.
435:.
422:^
412:.
390:^
222:.
207:.
170:,
162:,
158:,
150:,
146:,
64:c.
26::
520:e
513:t
506:v
484:.
416:.
307:.
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