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3349:, Pinchas Giller, Continuum 2011, p 27-30: The Zohar "book" remained a snowballing collection of multiple materials during its development, including later strata Tiqqunei ha-Zohar and Ra'aya Meheimna. The process of collecting and editing texts continued to the late 1500s. Scholem's attribution of the main body of the Zohar to single authorship of Moses de Leon dominated 20th century scholarship. However, recent scholarship of Yehudah Liebes, Ronit Meroz and others, has served to blur the identity of the Zohar as a single composition. A collective view has emerged attributing the Zohar to a series of authors over a century and a half in Spain, and possibly including some ancient materials. If the Zohar did emerge from de Leon's study, his role was at best ancillary, recording notes of a Kabbalist circle that remains mysterious, possibly including Todros Abulafia or his son Yosef, Yosef of Hamadan, Yosef Gikatilla, Yosef Angelet and others, arguably stronger and more influential than de Leon
3173:, Pinchas Giller, Continuum 2011, p 11-12, 14: Mysticism that later evolved into Kabbalah began when prophecy ended. The activities of the prophets and their followers did not cease with the last "accredited" Hebrew prophets, Hagai, Zecharia and Malachi. Their students didn't know their masters would be remembered as prophets, while they wouldn't. Prophetic activity continued. Their students did their thing, which probably consisted of meditation, speculation over the political fate of the Jews and mystical visions of God and the heavenly host. They got their ideas from their new access to the Bible, which had been organised in the Babylonian exile by Ezra the Scribe, who, in order to save Judaism, popularly replaced the Temple cult with a sacred book cult. Jews began to be scattered, but besides yearning for Israel and the Temple, they channelled their spiritual urges into mystical speculation and esoteric exegesis of scripture. This "unaccredited" prophetic activity evolved into the
3442:, Moshe Idel, introduction: "A long Jewish medieval tradition, represented by tens of authors in the 14th and 15th centuries who composed their writings in Spain and Provence, which gradually interpreted all the main aspects of Judaism in astro-magical terms culminated, from many points of view, in Alemanno's writings. His thought represents one of the moments of the move of this Hermetic interpretation of Judaism from West to East; By East I mean the land of Israel, where the astro-magical interpretations become evident in the writings of the 16th century Kabbalists R.Joseph Albotini, R.Shlomo Al-Qabetz, R.Moshe Cordovero and his disciples. Under their impact, 18th century Hasidism in Eastern Europe absorbed important
1531:
3584:, Steven Kepnes – Peter Ochs – Robert Gibbs, Westview Press 2000. "Postmodern Jewish thinkers understand their Jewishness differently, but they all share a fidelity to what they call the Torah and to communal practices of reading and social action that have their bases in rabbinic interpretations of biblical narrative, law, and belief. Thus, postmodern Jewish thinking is thinking about God, Jews, and the world—with the texts of the Torah—in the company of fellow seekers and believers. It utilizes the tools of philosophy, but without their modern premises." Commentaries in later chapters describe the contribution of Kabbalistic mythological thinking to this project.
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3641:, Michael J. Harris, Vallentine Mitchell 2016. Chapter 3 "Modern Orthodoxy and Jewish Mysticism", as well as other chapters, discusses unresolved tensions and intellectual options open to Modern Orthodox jews, who are often characterised by non-mystical Rationalist inclinations. Rav Kook offers a potential model of harmonisation with mysticism. Harris hilights the fundamentalist dangers and spiritualising opportunities a critical modernist mysticism could offer Modern Orthodoxy.
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3626:, NYU Press 1994. Introduction describes Rav Kook as the most innovative jewish mystic of the 20th century. Essays study his thought through the lenses of jewish mysticism, philosophy, aggada, halakha, poetry, sciences, society, Zionism and messianism. Lawrence Fine describes Kook's thought as "Neo-Hasidic", extrapolating Hasidic monistic ideas to their fullest implications beyond traditional Judaic boundaries of religion, secularism and Haredi
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3310:(Yale University Press, 1990). Idel, the first to establish a revisionist new historiographical alternative paradigm of Kabbalah after Scholem's, attributes changes in Jewish thought to the internal development of implicit potentials from earlier Jewish sources, as well as exploring the experiential and ecstatic elements motivating Jewish mystical ideas.
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3393:, though not its greatest exponent Abulafia in his esoteric system. In turn, the 16th century Safed culmination of theosophy by Cordovero, Luria and Vital dominated and subsumed the previous divergent Kabbalistic streams into their teachings, drawing from the earlier schools. After Luria, Meditative Kabbalah followed his new system of
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Representative of academic differentiation between elite and popular/common jewish views and practices of magic: "It should be stated from the very beginning that the following typology deliberately excludes the more popular magic among the Jews, which apparently continued to be practiced in the same
322:
Kabbalah means "received tradition", a term which was previously used in other Judaic contexts, but the
Medieval Kabbalists adopted it as a term for their own doctrine in order to express the belief that they were not innovating, but were merely revealing the ancient hidden esoteric tradition of the
3412:
Describes
Renaissance era jewish communities in Italy: indigenous Italian jews, immigrant Sephardi and Ashkenazi groups, and their respective views of general Italian intellectual culture; indigenous communities and Rabbinic leadership being receptively in favour, a tradition that continued through
3286:(Princeton University Press, edited by R. J. Zwi Werblowsky, from Scholem's work of 1962) explores the consequentially seminal question of how "gnostic mythology" emerged from within the heart of 12th century orthodox Rabbinic Judaism, including its geographical coincidence with Christian dualistic
3425:
For
Alemanno, "Florence, the new Constantinople, was the place where the study of philosophy and the natural and divine law allowed...a holy wisdom...a universal system of thought, in which politics and sciences could coexist with religion and mysticism, would become the basis for the revival of a
3401:, Yale University Press 1988, chapter 5 Mystical Techniques, Moshe Idel reinstates the meditative and experiential dimensions of Kabbalah as an inherent companion to the theosophical in academic historiography. Kabbalists often attributed their theosophical doctrines to new meditative revelations.
443:
alter the divine realms and the World). These three different, but inter-relating, methods or aims of mystical involvement are also found throughout the other pre-Kabbalistic and post-Kabbalistic stages in Jewish mystical development, as three general typologies. As in
Kabbalah, the same text can
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455:
esoteric knowledge. Instead, the tradition of
Meditative Kabbalah has similarity of aim, if not form, with usual traditions of general mysticism; to unite the individual intuitively with God. The tradition of theurgic Practical Kabbalah in Judaism, censored and restricted by mainstream Jewish
419:(c. 19th century – today) which became a main element in esoteric and magical societies and teachings. As separate traditions of development outside Judaism, drawing from, syncretically adapting, and different in nature and aims from Judaic mysticism, they are not listed on this page.
1292:
3253:: "The thesis of the book is that medieval philosophers had a type of religious mysticism that was rooted in, yet grew out of, their rationalist thinking. The religious experience of "philosophic mysticism" was the result of this intellectualist and post-intellectualist effort." (
1658:
alternative competitor to
Theosophical Kabbalah, embodies the non-Zoharic ecstatic stream in Spanish Kabbalism. Re-imagining Judaism's prophetic techniques, it remained marginal to mainstream Kabbalah, but established a following in east
3145:. The Talmud says that there were hundreds of thousands of prophets among Israel: twice as many as the 600,000 Israelites who left Egypt; but most conveyed messages solely for their own generation, so were not reported in scripture (
347:, when it appeared between the 13th-15th centuries, but assimilating and incorporating into itself earlier forms of Jewish mysticism, possible continuations of ancient esoteric traditions, as well as medieval philosophical elements.
494:
366:(1569 – today) which assimilated Medieval Kabbalah into its wider system and became the basis for modern Jewish Kabbalah. After Luria, two new mystical forms popularised Kabbalah in Judaism:
3294:. Subsequent scholarship has questioned Scholem's theses and historiography, which attribute internal changes in Jewish thought to reactions to external historical processes: Eliezer Schweid's
3325:, Oxford University Press 2005. Despite the diverse traditions within Kabbalah, Dan characterises Kabbalah as generally describing 10 mythic dynamic powers in the Divine, generally treated as
381:(1734 – today). In contemporary Judaism, the only main forms of Jewish mysticism which are practiced are esoteric Lurianic Kabbalah and its later commentaries, the variety of schools of
493:
311:, which emerged in 12th-century southwestern Europe, is the most well known, but it is not the only typological form, nor was it the first form which emerged. Among the previous forms were
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interpretations of
Kabbalah, interpreting Judaism drawing down Divine influx to the material world. Influence on 16th century systemisations of Kabbalah, and later Hasidism
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contain aspects of all three approaches, though the three streams often distill into three separate literatures under the influence of particular exponents or eras.
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1594:(Book of Splendour) late 1200s–1400s. Castile's gnostic culmination. Canonised as Kabbalah's central poetic visionary scripture. Later strata (Ra'aya Meheimna,
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Jewish
Enlightenment promoted critical Rationalism, strongly opposing Kabbalistic and Hasidic anti-modern mysticism. However, moderate Maskilim began
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3333:'s anti-theosophical Ecstatic Kabbalah treats them as psychological); attribution of male or female qualities to particular Divine powers; and the
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focus. For Shneur Zalman, Immanence is pluralistic (man relates to mystical Divine immanence in pluralist Nature) and
Transcendence is monistic (
3430:(ancient philosophers) who had received intellectual secrets directly from God- was to Alemanno also the model of the perfect Platonic ruler..."
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343:, so do not make a sharp distinction between Kabbalah and early Rabbinic Jewish mysticism. Academic scholars regard it as a synthesis from the
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1598:) are most esoteric and anthropomorphic. Subsequent Zohar exegesis dominated other Kabbalah traditions. Possible Kabbalists in Zohar circle:
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away from pre-18₩10s mystical revivalism, to post-1850s consolidation and rabbinic conservatism. Mystical focus continued in some schools:
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849: – Work of the Chariot exegesis and ascent, Maaseh Bereshit – Work of Creation exegesis. Wider continuing mystical elements in
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reassessed this, seeing implicit continuity between options in ancient jewish mystical ideas (including orthodox
Rabbinic and heterodox
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415:(c. 15th – 18th century) which adapted Judaic Kabbalistic doctrine to Christian belief, and its diverging occultist offshoot
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1800s Universalist, modern interpretation of Kabbalah, continuing Italian Jewry's fusion of Kabbalah with general Humanist culture
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2949:'s school in the mid-20th century founded the methodological disciple in academia, returning mysticism to a central position in
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1626:(Book of the Figure) 13th–14th century influential doctrine in Kabbalah of Cosmic Cycles, later rejected by Cordovero and Luria
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differed from many (not Hasidic) Jewish mystics in their social role, there are mystical passages in the prophetic books; eg.
2785:' adapted spiritual teaching of Kabbalistic and Hasidic theology and mysticism to modern critical thought and interpretations:
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1125:(direct spiritual practices to influence the material realm, or to gain spiritual ascent) by mystics, colloquially called "
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3557:, Erich Neumann written manuscript 1940-1945, first published Routledge 2019, edited by Ann Conrad Lammers, foreword by
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in the 2nd century CE, for opening up the study of Jewish Mysticism. Traditional Kabbalists regard it as originating in
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3225:, Menachem Kellner, Littman Library: describes Judah Halevi as "Proto-Kabbalistic" in his conception of prophecy and
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2127:(Ramchal) Italian early 18th century mystical-messianic circle, new public dissemination and revelation of Kabbalah
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1129:", drawing from syncretically collected traditions of the Talmudic period to early modernity. Distinguished from
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Cultural Relationships between Jews and Non-Jews in Fifteenth-Century Italy: The Case of Yohanan Alemanno
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relate to, or the degree it can be identified with, the mysticism and methods of subsequent esoteric
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Judaism and mysticism according to Gershom Scholem: A critical analysis and programmatic discussion
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This page lists the main trends and events in Jewish mysticism. Further explanation is given in
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by Alessandro Guetta, symposium “Humanism and the Rabbinic Tradition in Italy and Beyond” 2005
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2906:, activism and quietism, developed from Kabbalistic, Hasidic, philosophic and secular thought:
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feminist approach to the problems of revelation, developed from the theology of Rav Kook, in
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Eastern European mystical revival movement, popularising and psychologising Kabbalah through
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2493:(Jerusalem) introverted esotericism response to Sabbateanism. Lurianic exposition and elite
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new theologies from Zoharic and Lurianic Kabbalah. Theological spectrum from mild to strong:
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The Kabbalistic form of Jewish mysticism itself is divided into three general streams: the
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traditions also popularized Judaic Kabbalah through their incorporation as part of general
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kabbalistic circles in Eastern Europe. Renewed esotericism in response to Sabbatean heresy
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327:. This issue has been crystalized until today by alternative views on the origin of the
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Lurianic exegesis and meditative methods dominated other post-medieval Kabbalah trends
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Alternative philosophical vs. mythological interpretations of Theosophical Kabbalah: "
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of Jewish mystical texts, and adapted Haskalah to Orthodox religiosity, while modern
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Abraham Joshua Heschel's view of Rabbinic Judaism as aggadah and mystical experience
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The theosophical aspect of Kabbalah itself developed through two historical forms: "
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way God looks at the world, reserved for man only in elite kabbalistic prayer) and
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Jewish mysticism, from early Hekhalot texts, through medieval spirituality, to the
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3270:, translated edited and introduced by Peter Cole, Princeton University Press 2007
468:
magic. Consequently, it has formed a minor tradition in Jewish mystical history.
331:, the main text of Kabbalah, attributed to the circle of its central protagonist
7026:
6938:
6867:
6803:
6759:
6577:
6532:
6485:
6419:
6263:
6226:
5299:
4814:
4739:
4717:
4620:
4214:
4143:
4138:
4126:
4116:
3732:
3642:
3623:
3526:
3462:
3443:
3254:
3012:
2592:
2513:
2215:
2193:
2018:
1940:
1919:
1722:
1707:
1655:
867:
788:
447:
Within Kabbalah, the theosophical tradition is distinguished from many forms of
408:
344:
17:
7091:
6998:
6973:
6933:
6527:
6298:
6283:
6278:
6246:
6221:
6107:
5660:
5393:
5100:
4682:
4276:
4024:
3946:
3789:
3765:
3650:
3558:
3525:
on acosmic nullification of world from God's perspective), leading to Hasidic
3319:
3303:
3268:
The Dream of the Poem: Hebrew Poetry from Muslim and Christian Spain, 950-1492
3126:
3096:
3017:
2982:
2945:
Critical-historical study of Jewish mystical texts began in 19th century, but
2439:
2162:
2136:
1861:
1549:
1514:
1282:
1240:
Mystical elements in the thought of Medieval rationalist and anti-rationalist
693:
636:
622:
374:
340:
208:
72:
34:
in the context of traditional vs. academic views on the antiquity of Kabbalah.
3186:
There is academic debate about how the mystical references in early exoteric
6754:
6585:
6476:
6273:
6258:
6241:
6236:
6216:
5900:
5804:
5314:
4779:
4670:
4581:
4199:
4133:
3474:
3291:
3287:
3091:
rejected the possibility of original ancient source texts for the Zohar. In
3037:
2849:
2429:
2237:
1392:
1186:
913:
780:
609:
559:
541:
448:
400:
300:
4150:
3389:
schools in Kabbalah. Some medieval Meditative Kabbalists also followed the
3114:
Kabbalistic Metaphors: Jewish Mystical Themes in Ancient and Modern Thought
2017:, incorporating dynamic myth of exile and redemption in divinity taught by
1832:(Leone Ebreo) Portuguese-Italian early 1500s "Dialogues of Love" Platonism
1469:
values. Established a supreme value for devotional selflessness in Judaism:
3794:
Old Worlds, New Mirrors: On Jewish Mysticism and Twentieth-Century Thought
3649:, chapter "Monism for Moderns", also draws on Rav Kook's mystical holism.
3062:
7106:
6739:
6321:
6268:
6169:
6060:
5920:
5033:
4975:
4920:
4915:
4586:
3593:
3530:
3518:
3498:
3486:
3394:
3390:
3334:
3161:
reconstructs meditative-mystical methods of the Jewish prophetic schools.
2634:
2616:
2188:
1959:
1734:
1711:
1518:
1499:
1384:
1374:
1201:
1137:
1130:
1095:
956:
948:
428:
351:
308:
160:
7096:
6798:
6709:
6557:
6504:
6440:
6334:
5915:
5910:
5248:
5132:
5127:
5117:
5105:
4925:
4910:
4854:
4789:
4764:
4727:
4591:
4266:
4165:
4089:
3981:
3907:
3858:
of contemporary academic scholarship on all periods of Jewish mysticism
3510:
3134:
3007:
2903:
2899:
2448:
2413:
2099:(Shelah) – Shnei Luchot HaBrit (Tablets of the Covenant) Central Europe
1328:
1318:
1176:
1133:
1083:
1059:
1051:
1039:
983:
952:
891:
850:
842:
838:
820:
784:
752:
603:
571:
451:
in other religions by its doctrinal form as a mystical "philosophy" of
440:
336:
3211:
Jewish Magic from the Renaissance Period to Early Hasidism, Moshe Idel
3116:, Sanford L. Drob, Jason Aronson, 2000; "The Historical Context" p.2-4
1977:
Medieval Kabbalah expressed in non-Kabbalistic philosophical theology:
1852:
Transition from esoteric Medieval Kabbalism to Kabbalah as a national
7044:
6607:
6194:
6017:
5925:
5905:
5319:
5186:
5122:
3582:
Reasoning After Revelation: Dialogues in Postmodern Jewish Philosophy
3514:
3494:
3426:'jewish nation'. Moses -regarded by humanists as one of the Oriental
3230:
2582:
2508:
2307:
2291:
2219:
1539:
1365:
1332:
1315:
1099:
1075:
1012:
960:
834:
614:
552:
452:
371:
3146:
3112:
Structure of the table based on an expanded version of the table in
2918:
Neo-Hasidic monistic poetic mysticism beyond Kabbalah and Philosophy
3872:
2447:– Nefesh HaChaim (Soul of Life) theorist of Mitnagdism, founder of
1424:"Iyyun" and "Unique Cherub" mystical circles of unknown provenance
951:
Palaces ascent literature and methods. Text protagonists are early
319:(early 13th century) around the time of the emergence of Kabbalah.
6600:
6450:
6341:
6316:
6211:
5270:
5265:
5219:
5174:
5095:
5090:
4354:
4109:
4079:
3241:
While Menachem Kellner reads Maimonides as anti-"Proto-Kabbalah" (
2223:
2010:
1934:
1902:
1842:
1595:
1590:
1442:
1409:
1396:
1172:
908:
880:
800:
591:
328:
324:
178:
5552:
3604:
1058:
traditions, and absorption of outside cultural influences. Later
6828:
6611:
6481:
5369:
3903:
1361:
1204:, though without their significance to later Kabbalah. Received
708:
under foreign rule and oppression, after the social institution
6893:
6180:
6142:
5556:
3876:
2546:
20th century Israel – HaSulam (The Ladder) Lurianic Zohar
1200:
Maaseh Bereshit – Creation speculation text. Describes 10
911:: black fire on white fire, God looked in Torah to create World
6968:
6455:
6355:
3671:
1457:
magical elements, mystical reinterpretation of early medieval
1087:
2758:, Israel's National Poet, and mystical influences on secular
2348:
introspective Hasidism – Poland, mystical offshoot from:
1901:
The 2 definitive systemisations of Kabbalah, in latter 1500s
3770:
Gershom Scholem and the Mystical Dimension of Jewish History
3300:
Gershom Scholem and the mystical dimension of Jewish history
2680:
early critical-historical scholars of jewish mystical texts:
1958:: Vital – Shaarei Kedusha (Gates of Holiness), Luria –
488:
6138:
3746:
Not in the Heavens: The Tradition of Jewish Secular Thought
2645:
encountered universalist intellectual mystical elements in
2353:– Mei Hashiloach (Waters of Shiloah), personal illumination
1916:. Cordoverian systemisation of Medieval Kabbalah until 1570
431:(seeking to understand and describe the divine realm), the
2009:, the second of Kabbalah's two systems of theosophy after
3842:
Magic of the Ordinary: Recovering the Shamanic in Judaism
3639:
Faith Without Fear: Unresolved Issues in Modern Orthodoxy
3570:
Magic of the Ordinary: Recovering the Shamanic in Judaism
2226:. Neutralised messianic danger expressed in Sabbateanism:
1144:
interpretations of Kabbalah, and from popular folk magic:
3469:, Norman Lamm, chapter "Monism for Moderns". Identifies
2397:
Traditionalist esoteric interpretations and practice of
482:
For a fuller list of Kabbalistic mystics and texts, see
435:(seeking to achieve a mystical union with God), and the
3555:
The Roots of Jewish Consciousness, Volume Two: Hasidism
3208:
manner as for hundreds of years beforehand." Quoted in
2605:(Lubavitch Rebbe) Hasidic outreach and 1990s messianism
955:
Rabbis, though texts academically dated variously from
3659:
Expanding the Palace of Torah – Orthodoxy and Feminism
3647:
Faith and Doubt: Studies in Traditional Jewish Thought
2442:(Vilna Gaon, Gra) figurehead of Mitnagdim 18th century
631:
Prophetic meditation, divine encounter, heavenly host
551:
Prophetic meditation mystical elements in traditional
299:(1941), draws distinctions between different forms of
3866:
3446:
elements, which had been attenuated and transformed."
2319:(Likutei Amarim-Collected Words) theorist of Hasidism
2199:
pseudo-Christian convert, late 18th century nihilism
2025:
Kabbalah based itself on the more exoteric system of
3782:
Heavenly Torah: As Refracted through the Generations
3758:
Prophets of the Past: Interpreters of Jewish History
1301:
Mystical elements in the efflorescence of poetry in
7120:
7082:
7035:
7012:
6904:
6842:
6718:
6670:
6620:
6576:
6503:
6464:
6428:
6365:
6354:
6307:
6202:
6193:
6038:
5951:
5874:
5822:
5757:
5709:
5651:
5590:
5335:
5200:
5072:
4946:
4840:
4371:
4060:
3990:
3932:
1383:Emergence of mystical-mythic theosophical-theurgic
2980:Present generation, multi-disciplinary approaches:
2839:Reconstructionist academic and mystical theologian
2299: – Noam Elimelech (Pleasantness of Elimelech)
1066:evolve towards the ethos of Kabbalistic mysticism:
3616:Rabbi Abraham Isaac Kook and Jewish Spirituality
3543:Kabbalah in the Age of Reason: Elijah Benamozegh
3473:as the main kabbalistic-theological theorist of
2261:(The Magid) systemiser and architect of Hasidism
1136:(influencing solely the supernal realm of inter-
2722:Mystical elements and influences in Post-1880s
2535:European Kabbalah (apart from Hasidic thought):
2180:Moderate-crypto and radical-antinomian factions
492:
3440:Astral Dreams in R.Yohanan Alemanno's Writings
3337:influence of man upon the supernal attributes.
2043:Disciples compile Kitvei Ari Lurianic thought:
1805:Platonist influenced fusions of Kabbalah with
27:Different forms of mysticism in Jewish history
6154:
5568:
3888:
3737:Gershom Scholem: Kabbalah and counter-history
3298:(Scholars Press, Atlanta 1985); Joseph Dan's
2334: – Likutei Moharan (Collected teachings)
1737:, and fusions of philosophy with Kabbalah in
1513:" quasi-philosophical hierarchy, and Jewish-"
456:Kabbalists, has similarities with non-Jewish
266:
8:
3385:, Samuel Weiser publishers; overview of the
2864:subjective experience of Divine relationship
2378:Sippurei Ma'asiyot (Stories that were told)
2021:1570–1572. Other post-medieval popularising/
1621:– Shaarei Orah (Gates of Light) c.1290 Spain
635:visions, mystical elements, in the literary
5377:Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation
1054:creative imagination, reception of earlier
823:mysticism and mystical elements in classic
486:. This timeline shows general developments:
6901:
6890:
6617:
6362:
6199:
6190:
6177:
6161:
6147:
6139:
5754:
5575:
5561:
5553:
4057:
3895:
3881:
3873:
2456:Influence of Hasidism on later Lithuanian
2401:from 18th century until today, apart from
2256:(Baal Shem Tov, Besht) founder of Hasidism
2185:and Rabbinic excommunication of Sabbateans
303:which were practiced in different eras of
273:
259:
36:
3718:Learn how and when to remove this message
3702:so that sources are clearly identifiable.
3245:, Littman Library), David R. Blumenthal (
3103:), and the medieval emergence of Kabbalah
1952:main Lurianic compiler and other writings
3924:Index of Jewish history-related articles
3509:(man relates to God through pluralistic
3359:The shemitot and the age of the universe
3243:Maimonides' Confrontation with Mysticism
3223:Maimonides' Confrontation with Mysticism
1822:Other mystical elements in early modern
1761:' historical openness to general culture
525:
5423:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
3454:
3452:
3249:and anthologies) reads Maimonides as a
3054:
2957:departments. Select historian examples:
2869:Jewish philosophy narratives of meaning
2709:Galicia early 1800s, Jewish Hegelianism
1521:and demonic dualism motifs. Centred in
829:c. 1–200 CE influence to 5th century CE
39:
3485:, based on interpretation of Lurianic
2894:Innovative teachings and influence of
2763:Fusions of Kabbalah and Hasidism with
1445:and speculative theological theory in
987:Hekhalot Rabbati (The Greater Palaces)
3513:), leading to Mitnagdic transcendent
2753:National revival secular spirituality
2585:– intellectual Hasidism communication
2071:and homiletic literature 1550s–1750s:
7:
5719:Timeline of the Second Temple period
3459:Torah Lishmah-Torah for Torah's Sake
3347:Kabbalah - A Guide for the Perplexed
3171:Kabbalah - A Guide for the Perplexed
2972:discipline founder Hebrew University
2876:Zevi Slavin – Seekers of Unity
2874:Sanford Drob – The New Kabbalah
2329:imaginative Hasidism – Ukraine:
2310:intellectual Hasidism – Russia:
2112:Kabbalistic renewal and scholarship:
1702:Damascus and Jerusalem 16th century
1679:Mediterranean area late 13th century
1673:Abulafian Prophetic Kabbalah school:
1654:'s Ecstatic-Prophetic Kabbalah, his
989:Hekhalot Zutari (The Lesser Palaces)
389:(incorporating Neo-Kabbalah) in non-
3869:A compendium of Neo-Hasidic thought
3796:. University of Pennsylvania Press.
3368:, 3 part video class from inner.org
3323:Kabbalah: A Very Short Introduction
2855:Influence on modern and postmodern
2686:1800s Austrian Reform Rabbi scholar
1943:central legalist and mystic diarist
1937:mystical and scholarly renaissance:
1183:1400s attempt to hasten the messiah
991:Merkavah Rabbah (The Great Chariot)
535:Influential developments and texts
5603:Jewish history in Israel/Palestine
5370:YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
5350:American Jewish Historical Society
2649:. Late 1800s East Europe shift to
2595:early 20th century Jerusalem piety
2286:(mystics after 1850s shown later):
1517:" mythological interest in sexual
1208:interpretations before becoming a
25:
6726:Attributes of God in Christianity
3147:Judaism 101-Prophets and Prophecy
3125:There is academic debate whether
3033:List of Jewish mysticism scholars
2884:and monistic mystical thought of
2610:contemporary mystical revivalism
2372:Shivchei HaBesht (Praises of the
1418:(The Raavad) critic of Maimonides
853:Rabbinic theology and narratives:
845:early Rabbinic mystical circles,
429:Theosophical/Speculative Kabbalah
352:Medieval/Classic/Zoharic Kabbalah
315:(c. 100 BCE – 1000 CE), and
7153:
5534:
5521:
5520:
3856:Don Karr's Bibliographic Surveys
3830:Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism
3700:add missing citation information
3676:
3175:Merkabah and Bereishit mysticism
3149:). Scripture identifies only 55
3085:Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism
2960:
2927:Rav Kook's partial influence on
2909:
2788:
2712:
2661:
2571:
2466:
2419:
2356:
2351:Mordechai Yosef Leiner of Izbica
2272:
2229:
2156:
2102:
2033:
1980:
1891:
1867:
1752:
1663:
1573:
1529:
1472:
1402:
1342:
1291:
1247:
1215:
1147:
1069:
1005:
970:
919:The Messiah at the Gates of Rome
856:
770:
715:
658:
565:
377:(1666 – 18th century), and
296:Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism
47:
6784:Great Architect of the Universe
5933:Talmudic academies in Babylonia
5691:Judah's revolts against Babylon
2827:Neo-traditional aggadic Judaism
2590:late 19th century Izbica school
2564:and modernising society turned
2145:Kabbalistic messianic-mystical
1416:Abraham ben David of Posquières
879:attribution of later Kabbalist
807:influence on early Christianity
5442:Relations with other religions
3653:develops an evolving Modern /
3377:Traditionalist historiography
3063:"Jewish Mysticism (Explained)"
2489:18th century (from Yemen) and
2122:(Or ha-Hayim) Torah commentary
1926:systemisation taught 1570–1572
1922:(the Ari) – new post-Medieval
1650:developed its own traditions.
1584:The Zohar in Spain from c.1286
1569:Treatise on the Left Emanation
1523:Spain's Kabbalistic golden age
1303:Moorish Spanish Jewish culture
1229:Mystical elements in Medieval
1038:storytelling of East European
587:Jacob wrestling with the angel
1:
6563:Trinity of the Church Fathers
5429:Encyclopedia of the Holocaust
3760:. Princeton University Press.
3748:. Princeton University Press.
2985:Hebrew University revisionism
1888:16th century early systemiser
1860:exile. Judaic renaissance of
1011:Mystical speculations of the
6013:Expulsion of Jews from Spain
5360:Leo Baeck Institute New York
5355:American Sephardi Federation
2507:(Ben Ish Chai) 19th century
2412:and pre-Hasidic introverted
2183:Emden-Eybeschutz controversy
688:Continuing to 1st century CE
637:Prophetic books of the Bible
612:monarchic and cult prophets:
433:Meditative/Ecstatic Kabbalah
7183:Esoteric schools of thought
6814:Phenomenological definition
4183:Constantinopolitan Karaites
3806:Jewish Mystical Testimonies
3739:. Harvard University Press.
3465:, Ktav 1989; summarised in
2781:Modernist and Non-Orthodox
2580:of Komarno visionary mystic
1998:and post-medieval Kabbalism
1684:Jerusalem 15th–16th century
1185:16th–19th century European
1117:c. early CE–early modernity
1030:c. early CE-early modernity
1019:Influence of Post-Biblical
916:accompanies Israel in exile
898:Four who entered the Pardes
755:elements among the diverse
478:History of Jewish mysticism
57:History of Jewish mysticism
32:History of Jewish mysticism
7214:
5411:National Library of Israel
4052:Zionism, race and genetics
3533:fervour amidst materiality
3399:Kabbalah: New Perspectives
3308:Kabbalah: New Perspectives
3177:of the Talmudic era rabbis
3093:Kabbalah: New Perspectives
2822:Post War and contemporary:
2808:Philosophical Neo-Hasidism
2724:Jewish political movements
2678:Wissenschaft des Judentums
2651:Jewish political movements
2603:Menachem Mendel Schneerson
2516:Moroccan Kabbalist dynasty
2284:Hasidic schools of thought
2268:Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev
2058:spread Lurianism in Europe
1733:interpretations of Judaic
1721:Influence of the European
1605:Todros ben Joseph Abulafia
1121:Elite Jewish use of white
932:esoteric texts and methods
560:encounters with the divine
481:
475:
29:
7151:
6900:
6889:
6189:
6176:
6118:
5509:
5365:Yeshiva University Museum
5345:Center for Jewish History
3914:
3043:Primary texts of Kabbalah
3028:List of Jewish Kabbalists
2302:Yaakov Yitzchak of Lublin
2067:Popularising Kabbalistic
1691:Other meditative methods:
1540:Early 13th century Girona
1262:Isaac Israeli ben Solomon
684:Beginning 5th century BCE
575:Patriarchs and Matriarchs
484:List of Jewish Kabbalists
122:c. 100 BCE – 1000 CE
6568:Trinitarian universalism
5943:Revolt against Heraclius
5671:Ancient Israel and Judah
5653:Ancient Israel and Judah
3957:Ancient Israel and Judah
3818:Meditation and the Bible
3628:theological anti-Zionism
3523:Habad Hasidic meditation
3517:and popular ideological
3481:as the main theorist of
3155:Meditation and the Bible
3023:Jewish mystical exegesis
2872:Independent scholarship:
2830:Zalman Schachter-Shalomi
2816:of Hasidic Kabbalah and
2598:Kalonymus Kalman Shapira
2539:Shaar Hashamayim Yeshiva
2500:Chaim Yosef David Azulai
2440:Elijah ben Shlomo Zalman
1933:Other Kabbalists of the
1813:Abraham Cohen de Herrera
1615:Kabbalistic scholarship:
1331:, influenced by Islamic
6770:Godhead in Christianity
5628:Expulsions and exoduses
4333:North African Sephardim
4306:Jewish tribes of Arabia
3844:. North Atlantic Books.
3778:Heschel, Abraham Joshua
3479:Schneur Zalman of Liadi
3379:Meditation and Kabbalah
3284:Origins of the Kabbalah
3133:a mysticism. While the
2990:feminist contributions
2929:Modern Orthodox Judaism
2803:to dialogical encounter
2639:scholarly investigation
2382:13 mystical tales 1816
2264:Jacob Joseph of Polonne
2001:16th-mid–18th centuries
1882:Jewish Messiah claimant
1339:experiential practices:
1104:Superstition in Judaism
833:References in exoteric
767:Judea and the Diaspora:
751:Mystical, esoteric and
639:, from the Kingdoms of
333:Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai
173:c. 1175 – 1500s CE
5979:Invasion of Banu Nadir
5780:First Jewish-Roman War
5436:Holocaust Encyclopedia
5406:Jewish Virtual Library
3784:. Bloomsbury Academic.
3572:, North Atlantic Books
3529:and popular mysticism
3489:. For Chaim Volozhin,
3141:1 became the basis of
2825:Abraham Joshua Heschel
2814:Jungian interpretation
2627:with mystical elements
2313:Shneur Zalman of Liadi
2081:(Palm Tree of Deborah)
1323:11th to 15th centuries
696:speculation, heavenly
579:Covenant of the pieces
547:2nd millennium–800 BCE
523:
213:1665 – c. 1800 CE
152:c. 1150 – 1250 CE
83:Apocalyptic literature
6596:Fate of the unlearned
6548:Shield of the Trinity
6030:Medieval antisemitism
5969:Siege of Banu Qaynuqa
5964:Siege of Banu Qurayza
5938:Revolt against Gallus
5724:Second Temple Judaism
5383:Encyclopaedia Judaica
5165:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh
4350:Sephardic Bnei Anusim
4100:Udmurt and Tatar Jews
3391:Theosophical Kabbalah
3302:(New York UP, 1987);
3247:Philosophic Mysticism
2951:Jewish historiography
2862:Jewish existentialism
2745:cultural folkism and
2600:response to Holocaust
2578:Yitzchak Eisik Safrin
2436:non-Hasidic Kabbalah:
2297:Elimelech of Lizhensk
2090:(Beginning of Wisdom)
1856:doctrine, after 1492
1463:Crusader persecutions
1355:(Duties of the Heart)
1169:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh
1042:, absorbed motifs of
963:400–800 periods, and
777:Second Temple Judaism
740:Mystical elements in
706:Second Temple Judaism
557:early Bible depiction
522:
411:onwards: theological
339:times, redacting the
244:c. 1920s – today
234:1730s CE – today
5991:Sephardic Golden Age
5785:Battle of Beth Horon
5711:Second Temple period
5696:Babylonian captivity
3962:Second Temple period
3687:needs more complete
3503:Divine transcendence
2783:Jewish denominations
2621:political ideologies
2380:Nachman of Breslav's
2367:Hasidic storytelling
2259:Dov Ber of Mezeritch
2242:Practical Kabbalists
2235:Pre-Hasidic origins:
2204:Early and formative
2141:1665–c. 19th century
2125:Moshe Chaim Luzzatto
1858:Expulsion from Spain
1830:Judah Leon Abravanel
1789:Pico della Mirandola
1771:Perennial philosophy
1768:Renaissance humanism
1563:13th century Castile
1413:(Book of Brightness)
1391:in Southern France (
1242:Jewish philosophical
1224:(Book of Formation)
1153:Magical elements in
943:/anonymous esoteric
765:Second Temple period
761:religious syncretism
747:c. 200 BCE–c. 100 CE
742:Second Temple period
649:Babylonian captivity
394:Jewish denominations
203:1570 CE – today
189:Cordoverian Kabbalah
101:Rabbinic esotericism
7130:Slavic Native Faith
6553:Trinitarian formula
6490:Father of Greatness
6373:Abrahamic religions
5729:Hellenistic Judaism
5638:Political movements
5400:Jewish Encyclopedia
5145:Hekhalot literature
4956:Religious movements
4491:Judeo-Tripolitanian
3820:. Red Wheel/Weiser.
3188:Rabbinic literature
2938:of Jewish mysticism
2844:Reform Neo-Kabbalah
2794:Early 20th century:
2756:Hayim Nahman Bialik
2737:mystical themes in
2735:Yiddish Renaissance
2699:elements in modern
2562:Dynastic succession
2502:(Hida) 18th century
2322:Aaron of Staroselye
2290:Mainstream Hasidic
2137:Sabbatean movements
1956:Meditative Kabbalah
1797:Western esotericism
1648:Meditative Kabbalah
1642:13th–16th centuries
1542:neoplatonic school:
1489:(Book of the Pious)
1483:Judah of Regensburg
1254:Solomon ibn Gabirol
1236:11th–13th centuries
1158:Hekhalot literature
1003:(Divine Dimensions)
935:c. 2nd century–1000
825:Rabbinic literature
814:Christian mysticism
805:Platonic philosophy
793:Hellenistic Judaism
680:Apocalyptic Judaism
627:800–5th century BCE
544:traditional origins
462:Western Esotericism
375:Sabbatean movements
289:, especially since
7092:Abrahamic prophecy
7022:Ayyavazhi theology
6794:Apophatic theology
6183:Conceptions of God
5686:Assyrian Captivity
5666:Origins of Judaism
5608:Population history
5541:Judaism portal
5477:Jews and Halloween
5472:Jews and Christmas
4862:Rabbinic authority
4614:Judaeo-Piedmontese
4047:Xueta Christianity
3952:Origins of Judaism
3919:Outline of Judaism
3620:Lawrence J. Kaplan
3605:seekersofunity.com
3364:2019-12-22 at the
3251:rationalist mystic
3151:prophets of Israel
3143:Merkabah mysticism
3131:phenomenologically
3065:. judaismtimes.com
2977:American initiator
2921:Atchalta De'Geulah
2916:Abraham Isaac Kook
2896:Abraham Isaac Kook
2747:Jewish folklorists
2739:Yiddish literature
2483:Oriental Kabbalah:
2393:18th century–today
2387:Later traditional
2332:Nachman of Breslav
2254:Israel ben Eliezer
2197:messianic claimant
2171:messianic claimant
1918:2 Supra-Rational:
1908:1 Quasi-Rational:
1455:Practical Kabbalah
1430:Chassidei Ashkenaz
1368:13th–15th century
1358:Abraham Maimonides
1181:Joseph della Reina
1155:Merkabah mysticism
1127:Practical Kabbalah
1112:Practical Kabbalah
965:sectarian/rabbinic
945:Merkabah mysticism
730:Biblical apocrypha
600:Theophany at Sinai
524:
437:Practical Kabbalah
313:Merkabah mysticism
285:Academic study of
132:early CE–modernity
128:Practical Kabbalah
108:c. 1 – 200 CE
7165:
7164:
7147:
7146:
7143:
7142:
6885:
6884:
6881:
6880:
6776:Latter Day Saints
6745:Divine simplicity
6666:
6665:
6523:Consubstantiality
6499:
6498:
6350:
6349:
6294:Theistic finitism
6136:
6135:
6128:WP:Jewish history
5986:Under Muslim rule
5974:Battle of Khaybar
5889:Synagogal Judaism
5870:
5869:
5812:Bar Kokhba revolt
5775:Jewish-Roman Wars
5739:Hasmonean kingdom
5681:Kingdom of Israel
5550:
5549:
5516:extinct languages
5417:YIVO Encyclopedia
5192:Hebrew literature
5160:Sefer HaEtz Chaim
5000:Reconstructionist
4678:Judaeo-Portuguese
4367:
4366:
4323:Eastern Sephardim
3967:Synagogal Judaism
3728:
3727:
3720:
3471:Chaim of Volozhin
3428:prisci philosophi
3227:Jewish chosenness
3127:Prophetic Judaism
3003:Angels in Judaism
2994:
2993:
2988:Elliot R. Wolfson
2975:Alexander Altmann
2967:First generation:
2924:Religious Zionism
2857:Jewish philosophy
2799:from existential
2760:Hebrew literature
2743:Jewish Autonomism
2701:Jewish philosophy
2697:rational mystical
2668:Elijah Benamozegh
2653:awakened secular
2643:Jewish philosophy
2519:Mordechai Sharabi
2491:Beit El Synagogue
2445:Chaim of Volozhin
2403:Hasidic adaptions
2399:Lurianic Kabbalah
2389:Lurianic Kabbalah
2337:Nathan of Breslav
2246:Tzadikim Nistarim
2178:Sabbatean prophet
1989:(Maharal) Prague
1970:mystical theology
1824:Jewish philosophy
1807:Jewish philosophy
1775:Jewish philosophy
1746:Jewish philosophy
1638:Ecstatic Kabbalah
1631:Torah commentary
1500:Medieval Kabbalah
1459:Jewish philosophy
1451:Merkabah-Hekhalot
1231:Jewish philosophy
1193:Proto-Kabbalistic
1138:Divine attributes
1092:Kefitzat haderech
1064:smaller Midrashim
941:pseudepigraphical
877:pseudepigraphical
873:Simeon bar Yochai
865:and his disciples
863:Johanan ben Zakai
797:Jewish Gnosticism
623:Prophetic Judaism
407:culture from the
364:Lurianic Kabbalah
354:" (c.1175 –
317:Ashkenazi Hasidim
283:
282:
248:
247:
199:Lurianic Kabbalah
166:Ecstatic Kabbalah
161:Medieval Kabbalah
148:Ashkenazi Hasidim
16:(Redirected from
7205:
7178:Jewish mysticism
7157:
6902:
6891:
6778:
6618:
6513:Athanasian Creed
6363:
6200:
6191:
6178:
6163:
6156:
6149:
6140:
6124:
5960:Mohammedan Wars
5884:Rabbinic Judaism
5837:Byzantine Empire
5790:Galilee campaign
5770:Judean Civil War
5765:Maccabean Revolt
5758:Wars and revolts
5755:
5744:Herodian kingdom
5701:Babylonian Yehud
5676:Kingdom of Judah
5613:Military history
5577:
5570:
5563:
5554:
5539:
5538:
5537:
5524:
5523:
4656:Judeo-Golpaygani
4257:Palestinian Jews
4232:Alexandrian Jews
4188:Crimean Karaites
4105:Unterlander Jews
4058:
3972:Rabbinic Judaism
3897:
3890:
3883:
3874:
3845:
3838:Winkler, Gershon
3833:
3826:Scholem, Gershom
3821:
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2842:Lawrence Kushner
2818:Depth psychology
2792:
2774:and Neo-Kabbalah
2765:Jewish anarchism
2751:Cultural Zionism
2720:
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2707:Nachman Krochmal
2691:
2675:
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2583:Chabad-Lubavitch
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1793:Christian Cabala
1779:Yohanan Alemanno
1756:
1725:in crystalising
1689:
1677:Abraham Abulafia
1671:
1667:
1652:Abraham Abulafia
1619:Joseph Gikatilla
1613:
1591:Zohar literature
1581:
1577:
1560:
1554:Torah commentary
1546:Azriel of Gerona
1537:
1533:
1492:Eleazar of Worms
1479:Samuel of Speyer
1476:
1447:Ashkenaz-Germany
1406:
1389:Hachmei Provence
1360:and the "Jewish
1353:Chovot HaLevavot
1349:Bahya ibn Paquda
1346:
1327:Jewish mystical
1299:
1295:
1283:Moses Maimonides
1280:anti-rationalism
1270:Abraham ibn Ezra
1251:
1219:
1151:
1073:
1056:Jewish apocrypha
1044:Jewish mythology
1021:Jewish mythology
1009:
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967:origins debated:
888:
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810:Christian Jewish
774:
719:
662:
569:
529:Historical phase
526:
472:Historical forms
458:Hermetic Qabalah
417:Hermetic Qabalah
413:Christian Cabala
405:Western esoteric
287:Jewish mysticism
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41:Jewish mysticism
37:
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18:Jewish Mysticism
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7159:Religion portal
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6103:Israeli history
6046:Jewish question
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5876:Rabbinic period
5866:
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5800:Diaspora revolt
5795:Siege of Masada
5753:
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4651:Judeo-Borujerdi
4626:Judeo-Malayalam
4572:Judeo-Aragonese
4543:Lishanid Noshan
4375:
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3467:Faith and Doubt
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3366:Wayback Machine
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3282:'s magisterial
3280:Gershom Scholem
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2655:Jewish cultural
2647:German Idealism
2625:secular culture
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2553:Hasidic Judaism
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2453:Shlomo Elyashiv
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2240:Eastern Europe
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2173:Islamic convert
2166:
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2075:Moses Cordovero
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1946:Shlomo Alkabetz
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1910:Moses Cordovero
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1351:11th century –
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1307:Christian Spain
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710:era of prophecy
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399:Two non-Jewish
383:Hasidic Judaism
379:Hasidic Judaism
291:Gershom Scholem
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227:Hasidic schools
209:Sabbatean sects
170:
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7069:Predestination
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6505:Trinitarianism
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5816:
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5814:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5772:
5767:
5761:
5759:
5752:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5734:Yehud Medinata
5731:
5726:
5721:
5715:
5713:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5693:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5657:
5655:
5649:
5648:
5646:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5598:Historiography
5594:
5592:
5588:
5587:
5584:Jewish history
5582:
5580:
5579:
5572:
5565:
5557:
5548:
5547:
5545:
5544:
5530:
5510:
5507:
5506:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5501:
5500:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5483:non-Christian
5481:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5464:
5459:
5454:
5439:
5432:
5425:
5420:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5379:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5341:
5339:
5333:
5332:
5330:
5329:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5317:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5286:
5285:
5275:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5258:
5253:
5252:
5251:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5229:
5224:
5223:
5222:
5217:
5206:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5182:Shulchan Aruch
5179:
5178:
5177:
5172:
5170:Sefer Yetzirah
5167:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5150:Pardes Rimonim
5147:
5140:Kabbalah texts
5137:
5136:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5110:
5109:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5084:
5078:
5076:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5007:
5002:
4997:
4992:
4987:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4952:
4950:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4935:
4933:Land of Israel
4930:
4929:
4928:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4885:
4884:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4846:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4829:
4828:
4827:
4826:
4825:
4820:
4819:
4818:
4811:
4809:Judeo-Alsatian
4801:
4800:
4799:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4737:
4736:
4735:
4730:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4674:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4661:Judeo-Hamedani
4658:
4653:
4648:
4638:
4636:Judaeo-Occitan
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4616:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4595:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4577:Jewish English
4574:
4569:
4568:
4567:
4566:
4565:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4508:Judaeo-Aramaic
4505:
4504:
4503:
4498:
4496:Judeo-Tunisian
4493:
4488:
4486:Judeo-Moroccan
4483:
4482:
4481:
4479:Judeo-Baghdadi
4466:
4461:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4383:
4381:
4369:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4361:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4335:
4330:
4328:Livornese Jews
4325:
4315:
4310:
4309:
4308:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4075:Afrikaner-Jode
4066:
4064:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3996:
3994:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3938:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3902:
3900:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3877:
3871:
3870:
3864:
3859:
3851:
3850:External links
3848:
3847:
3846:
3834:
3822:
3810:
3798:
3786:
3774:
3762:
3750:
3744:Biale, David.
3741:
3726:
3725:
3684:
3682:
3675:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3631:
3608:
3597:
3586:
3574:
3562:
3547:
3535:
3519:Talmudic study
3448:
3432:
3415:
3403:
3370:
3351:
3339:
3312:
3272:
3260:
3234:
3215:
3200:
3179:
3163:
3118:
3105:
3101:Jewish Gnostic
3076:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2991:
2955:Jewish studies
2942:
2941:c. 1920s–today
2939:
2936:Academic study
2932:
2931:
2891:
2890:c. 1910s–today
2888:
2878:
2877:
2833:Jewish Renewal
2806:Hillel Zeitlin
2778:
2775:
2768:
2767:
2728:Jewish culture
2684:Adolf Jellinek
2631:
2630:c. 1800s-1950s
2628:
2612:
2611:
2558:
2555:
2548:
2547:
2523:Yitzhak Kaduri
2487:Shalom Sharabi
2394:
2391:
2384:
2383:
2211:
2208:
2201:
2200:
2176:Nathan of Gaza
2142:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2116:Abraham Azulai
2053:(Tree of Life)
2002:
1999:
1991:
1990:
1974:
1971:
1964:
1963:
1914:Pardes Rimonim
1879:Solomon Molcho
1849:
1846:
1834:
1833:
1773:influences on
1718:
1717:c. 1450s-1600s
1715:
1704:
1703:
1700:Joseph Tzayach
1682:Judah Albotini
1659:Mediterranean:
1643:
1640:
1633:
1632:
1506:
1503:
1496:
1495:
1435:
1432:
1426:
1425:
1380:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1335:, systemising
1324:
1321:
1311:
1310:
1285:Neoplatonised
1237:
1234:
1226:
1225:
1222:Sefer Yetzirah
1197:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1164:Sefer Yetzirah
1118:
1115:
1107:
1106:
1031:
1028:
1016:
1015:
980:Earlier texts:
936:
933:
922:
921:
902:Oven of Akhnai
830:
827:
821:Early Rabbinic
817:
816:
748:
745:
737:
736:
734:pseudepigrapha
689:
682:
676:
675:
653:Return to Zion
628:
625:
619:
618:
583:Jacob's Ladder
548:
545:
537:
536:
533:
530:
476:Main article:
473:
470:
424:
421:
305:Jewish history
281:
280:
278:
277:
270:
263:
255:
252:
251:
246:
245:
242:
240:Academic study
236:
235:
232:
230:
229:
224:
218:
215:
214:
211:
205:
204:
201:
195:
194:
191:
185:
184:
183:1280s–1400s CE
181:
175:
174:
171:
169:
168:
163:
157:
154:
153:
150:
144:
143:
140:
138:Sefer Yetzirah
134:
133:
130:
124:
123:
120:
110:
109:
106:
104:
103:
98:
92:
89:
88:
85:
79:
78:
75:
67:
64:
63:
60:
59:
53:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7210:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7173:
7160:
7156:
7150:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7128:
7127:
7125:
7123:
7119:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7102:Denominations
7100:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7089:
7087:
7085:
7081:
7075:
7074:Last Judgment
7072:
7070:
7067:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7046:
7043:
7042:
7040:
7038:
7034:
7028:
7025:
7023:
7020:
7019:
7017:
7015:
7011:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
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6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
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6915:
6912:
6911:
6909:
6907:
6903:
6899:
6892:
6888:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6854:
6851:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6841:
6835:
6834:Unmoved mover
6832:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6777:
6773:
6772:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6735:Binitarianism
6733:
6731:
6727:
6724:
6723:
6721:
6717:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
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6677:
6675:
6673:
6669:
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6649:
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6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
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6629:
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6625:
6623:
6619:
6613:
6609:
6606:
6602:
6599:
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6592:
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6587:
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6581:
6579:
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6561:
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6524:
6521:
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6516:
6514:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6506:
6502:
6491:
6487:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6473:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6463:
6457:
6456:Supreme Being
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6433:
6431:
6427:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6375:
6374:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6364:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6343:
6340:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6331:
6328:
6327:Gender of God
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6306:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6275:
6272:
6270:
6267:
6265:
6262:
6260:
6257:
6253:
6250:
6249:
6248:
6245:
6243:
6240:
6238:
6235:
6233:
6232:Kathenotheism
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6205:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6179:
6175:
6171:
6164:
6159:
6157:
6152:
6150:
6145:
6144:
6141:
6129:
6126:
6121:
6120:
6117:
6109:
6106:
6105:
6104:
6101:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6091:The Holocaust
6089:
6088:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6081:United States
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6061:Enlightenment
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6047:
6044:
6043:
6041:
6037:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5987:
5984:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5959:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5950:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5927:
5924:
5922:
5919:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5885:
5882:
5881:
5879:
5877:
5873:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5848:
5845:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5829:
5827:
5825:
5821:
5813:
5810:
5806:
5803:
5802:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5756:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5716:
5714:
5712:
5708:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5654:
5650:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5593:
5589:
5585:
5578:
5573:
5571:
5566:
5564:
5559:
5558:
5555:
5543:
5542:
5531:
5529:
5528:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5513:
5508:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5467:Protestantism
5465:
5463:
5460:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5437:
5433:
5431:
5430:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5418:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5384:
5380:
5378:
5375:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5328:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5284:
5281:
5280:
5279:
5276:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5263:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5245:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5155:Sefer HaBahir
5153:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5138:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5115:
5114:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5093:
5092:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5082:Sifrei Kodesh
5080:
5079:
5077:
5075:
5071:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5016:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4984:
4981:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4967:
4964:
4963:
4962:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4951:
4949:
4945:
4939:
4938:Who is a Jew?
4936:
4934:
4931:
4927:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4867:Chosen people
4865:
4863:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4852:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4833:
4830:
4824:
4823:Scots-Yiddish
4821:
4817:
4816:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4797:
4796:Klezmer-loshn
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4666:Judeo-Shirazi
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4642:
4641:Judeo-Persian
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4631:Judeo-Marathi
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4609:Judeo-Italian
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4564:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4464:Judeo-Amazigh
4462:
4460:
4457:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4374:
4370:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4302:
4299:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4287:Hadhrami Jews
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4252:Mountain Jews
4250:
4248:
4247:Egyptian Jews
4245:
4243:
4242:Bukharan Jews
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4224:
4223:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4063:
4059:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4030:Lists of Jews
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3886:
3884:
3879:
3878:
3875:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3814:Kaplan, Aryeh
3811:
3807:
3803:
3802:Jacobs, Louis
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3729:
3722:
3719:
3711:
3701:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3685:This section
3683:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3660:
3656:
3655:Open Orthodox
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3556:
3551:
3548:
3544:
3539:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3416:
3411:
3407:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3360:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3316:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3204:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3086:
3080:
3077:
3064:
3058:
3055:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2989:
2984:
2976:
2971:
2963:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2897:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2851:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2834:
2831:
2826:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2811:Erich Neumann
2807:
2802:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2779:
2777:c. 1900–today
2776:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2766:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2715:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2657:spirituality:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2615:Syntheses of
2614:
2613:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2588:Zadok HaKohen
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2544:Yehuda Ashlag
2540:
2536:
2534:
2531:20th century
2524:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2469:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2441:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2422:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2370:
2368:
2359:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2275:
2269:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2177:
2172:
2169:
2168:Sabbatai Zevi
2164:
2159:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2105:
2098:
2094:
2093:Kav ha-Yashar
2089:
2085:
2080:
2079:Tomer Devorah
2076:
2072:
2070:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1936:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1903:Safed-Galilee
1894:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1787:Influence on
1784:
1783:Natural magic
1780:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1739:late medieval
1736:
1732:
1728:
1727:philosophical
1724:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1695:Isaac of Acco
1692:
1683:
1678:
1674:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1602:
1601:Moses de León
1597:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1585:
1576:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1532:
1526:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1488:
1487:Sefer Hasidim
1484:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1410:Sefer HaBahir
1405:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1294:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1212:for Kabbalah:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1142:Natural magic
1139:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1119:
1116:
1114:" white magic
1113:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1036:folk religion
1032:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1002:
998:
985:
981:
973:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
937:
934:
931:
927:
924:
923:
920:
915:
910:
906:
903:
899:
895:
893:
882:
878:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
828:
826:
822:
819:
818:
815:
811:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
773:
768:
766:
762:
758:
754:
749:
746:
743:
739:
738:
735:
731:
727:
723:
718:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
692:Mystical and
690:
683:
681:
678:
677:
674:
670:
666:
661:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
633:throne of God
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
617:'s ascension
616:
611:
605:
601:
597:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
573:
568:
563:
561:
558:
554:
549:
546:
543:
539:
538:
534:
531:
528:
527:
491:
485:
479:
471:
469:
467:
463:
459:
454:
450:
445:
442:
438:
434:
430:
422:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
397:
395:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
297:
292:
288:
276:
271:
269:
264:
262:
257:
256:
254:
253:
243:
241:
238:
237:
233:
228:
225:
223:
220:
219:
217:
216:
212:
210:
207:
206:
202:
200:
197:
196:
192:
190:
187:
186:
182:
180:
177:
176:
172:
167:
164:
162:
159:
158:
156:
155:
151:
149:
146:
145:
141:
139:
136:
135:
131:
129:
126:
125:
121:
119:
115:
112:
111:
107:
102:
99:
97:
94:
93:
91:
90:
86:
84:
81:
80:
76:
74:
71:
70:
62:
61:
58:
55:
54:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
33:
19:
6969:Hamartiology
6954:Ecclesiology
6944:Pneumatology
6853:Christianity
6844:Names of God
6819:Philo's view
6809:Personal god
6789:Great Spirit
6728: /
6685:Christianity
6543:Perichoresis
6446:Emanationism
6388:Christianity
6378:Baháʼí Faith
6356:Singular god
6329:
6289:Spiritualism
6086:World War II
6076:Soviet Union
6056:Emancipation
6051:Disabilities
5832:Roman Empire
5749:Roman Judaea
5532:
5525:
5511:
5434:
5427:
5415:
5398:
5381:
5215:perspectives
5049:Samaritanism
5010:Neo-Hasidism
4990:Conservative
4904:Names of God
4813:
4794:
4604:Judaeo-Greek
4599:Judeo-Gascon
4538:Lishán Didán
4533:Lishana Deni
4501:Judeo-Yemeni
4469:Judeo-Arabic
4343:Meshuchrarim
4262:Persian Jews
4195:Kurdish Jews
4173:Kaifeng Jews
4122:Beta Abraham
4085:Galitzianers
4040:Antisemitism
4015:Israeli Jews
4000:Assimilation
3841:
3829:
3817:
3805:
3793:
3781:
3772:. NYU Press.
3769:
3757:
3745:
3736:
3733:Biale, David
3714:
3705:
3698:Please help
3693:verification
3686:
3658:
3646:
3638:
3634:
3618:, edited by
3615:
3611:
3600:
3589:
3581:
3577:
3569:
3565:
3554:
3550:
3538:
3466:
3458:
3435:
3418:
3406:
3398:
3383:Aryeh Kaplan
3378:
3373:
3354:
3346:
3342:
3322:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3283:
3275:
3267:
3263:
3246:
3242:
3237:
3222:
3218:
3209:
3203:
3182:
3170:
3166:
3159:Aryeh Kaplan
3154:
3121:
3113:
3108:
3092:
3084:
3079:
3067:. Retrieved
3057:
2944:
2893:
2837:Arthur Green
2801:Neo-Hasidism
2797:Martin Buber
2780:
2772:Neo-Hasidism
2726:and secular
2721:
2719:
2692:
2690:
2676:
2674:
2633:
2560:
2530:
2528:
2505:Yosef Hayyim
2475:
2473:
2458:Musar-ethics
2428:
2426:
2396:
2365:
2363:
2304:(The Chozeh)
2281:
2279:
2213:
2144:
2130:Joseph Ergas
2111:
2109:
2066:
2064:
2056:Israel Sarug
2042:
2040:
2004:
1976:
1973:16th century
1932:
1930:
1900:
1898:
1851:
1848:16th century
1821:
1819:
1804:
1802:
1759:Italian Jews
1743:early modern
1720:
1697:14th century
1690:
1688:
1672:
1670:
1645:
1614:
1612:
1589:
1582:
1580:
1561:
1559:
1538:
1536:
1508:
1505:c. 1200–1492
1461:, Rhineland
1449:. Shaped by
1437:
1434:c. 1150–1250
1408:
1382:
1379:c. 1174–1200
1326:
1300:
1298:
1278:Judah Halevi
1274:Neoplatonism
1266:Neoplatonism
1258:Neoplatonism
1244:theologians:
1239:
1199:
1120:
1033:
1027:on mysticism
1001:Shi'ur Qomah
997:Later texts:
996:
994:
979:
977:
939:Traditional/
938:
889:
887:
875:traditional/
832:
757:Jewish sects
750:
691:
630:
596:Burning bush
550:
446:
441:theurgically
439:(seeking to
426:
398:
387:Neo-Hasidism
349:
321:
307:. Of these,
294:
286:
284:
77:800–400s BCE
40:
7027:Krishnology
7004:Soteriology
6959:Eschatology
6939:Christology
6804:Open theism
6760:Exotheology
6658:Zoroastrian
6621:By religion
6578:Eschatology
6533:Homoiousian
6486:Ahura Mazda
6264:Panentheism
6227:Hermeticism
5953:Middle Ages
5862:Mesopotamia
5457:Catholicism
5039:Hellenistic
4877:Eschatology
4815:Lachoudisch
4740:Lotegorisch
4718:Lachoudisch
4708:Koiné Greek
4621:Judeo-Latin
4558:Palestinian
4452:Palestinian
4301:Mustaʿravim
4227:Afghan Jews
4215:Berber Jews
4139:Bene Israel
4127:Falash Mura
4117:Beta Israel
4035:Persecution
3977:Middle Ages
3867:Devekut.com
3832:. Schocken.
3808:. Schocken.
3790:Idel, Moshe
3766:Dan, Joseph
3643:Norman Lamm
3624:David Shatz
3527:Panentheism
3507:pluralistic
3463:Norman Lamm
3013:Four Worlds
2593:Aharon Roth
2557:1850s–today
2541:(Jerusalem)
2514:Abuhatzeira
2410:Brody Kloiz
2216:Panentheism
2210:1730s–1850s
2194:Jacob Frank
2149:developing
2047:Hayim Vital
2019:Isaac Luria
2015:Cordoverian
1950:Hayim Vital
1941:Joseph Karo
1920:Isaac Luria
1815:early 1600s
1723:Renaissance
1708:Renaissance
1656:Maimonidean
1552:(Ramban) –
1511:Neoplatonic
1502:development
1465:and German
1233:and culture
1210:source text
1206:rationalist
1131:Kabbalistic
959:100–500 to
947:Throne and
868:Rabbi Akiva
789:Therapeutae
702:eschatology
694:apocalyptic
686:300–100 BCE
409:Renaissance
345:Middle Ages
87:300–100 BCE
7172:Categories
7112:Philosophy
6999:Sophiology
6979:Philosophy
6974:Messianism
6934:Paterology
6538:Hypostasis
6528:Homoousian
6359:theologies
6299:Theopanism
6284:Polytheism
6247:Monotheism
6222:Henotheism
6108:New Yishuv
6096:Resistance
5661:Israelites
5452:Anabaptism
5394:Jew (word)
5261:Leadership
5074:Literature
5059:Secularism
5005:Humanistic
4872:Conversion
4842:Philosophy
4683:Judeo-Urdu
4447:Babylonian
4292:Saada Jews
4277:Adeni Jews
4070:Ashkenazim
4025:Samaritans
3992:Population
3947:Israelites
3668:References
3651:Tamar Ross
3559:Moshe Idel
3511:Jewish law
3475:Mitnagdism
3413:modernity.
3387:Meditative
3327:hypostases
3320:Joseph Dan
3304:Moshe Idel
3097:Moshe Idel
3018:Gnosticism
2983:Moshe Idel
2867:Postmodern
2495:meditation
2434:Lithuanian
2163:Sabbateans
2151:antinomian
1987:Judah Loew
1912:(Ramak) –
1766:centre of
1714:influences
1608:and others
1550:Nahmanides
1387:among the
1337:meditative
698:angelology
553:prehistory
423:Three aims
368:antinomian
341:Oral Torah
142:200–600 CE
7198:Mysticism
6989:Practical
6984:Political
6949:Cosmology
6906:Christian
6765:Holocaust
6755:Egotheism
6710:Goddesses
6705:Mormonism
6633:Christian
6586:Afterlife
6472:Sustainer
6279:Polydeism
6274:Pantheism
6259:Mysticism
6242:Monolatry
6237:Nontheism
6217:Dystheism
6003:Byzantium
5901:Sanhedrin
5805:Kitos War
5623:Languages
5591:Overviews
5514:indicate
5462:Mormonism
5447:Christian
5327:Symbolism
5315:Synagogue
5295:Mythology
5256:Education
5227:Astronomy
5210:Astrology
5027:relations
4832:Zarphatic
4780:Galitzish
4582:Yeshivish
4459:Catalanic
4422:Samaritan
4397:Ashkenazi
4378:Diasporic
4373:Languages
4318:Sephardim
4313:Romaniote
4200:Krymchaks
4134:Desi Jews
4010:Buddhists
3708:July 2024
3689:citations
3292:Languedoc
3288:Catharism
3069:20 August
3038:Mandaeism
2533:Ashkenazi
2430:Mitnagdic
2342:Peshischa
2292:Tzadikism
2248:mythology
2238:Baal Shem
2222:mystical
2051:Etz Hayim
2007:Lurianism
2005:Esoteric
1968:Maharal's
1862:Palestine
1854:messianic
1646:Medieval
1636:Medieval
1438:Mystical-
1393:Occitania
1366:Old Cairo
1187:Baal Shem
1166:for magic
914:Shekhinah
894:examples:
890:Mystical
781:Hasideans
759:, in the
673:Zechariah
610:Israelite
542:Israelite
466:forbidden
449:mysticism
401:syncretic
372:heretical
301:mysticism
7107:Kabbalah
7054:Prophets
6929:Glossary
6895:By faith
6858:Hinduism
6740:Demiurge
6730:in Islam
6690:Hinduism
6680:Buddhism
6672:Feminist
6628:Buddhist
6436:Absolute
6429:Concepts
6405:Hinduism
6400:Buddhism
6366:By faith
6330:and gods
6322:Divinity
6308:Concepts
6269:Pandeism
6170:Theology
6123:See also
6008:Crusades
5996:Kairouan
5921:Savoraim
5847:Carthage
5824:Diaspora
5643:Timeline
5527:Category
5497:Hinduism
5487:Buddhism
5389:Genetics
5305:Politics
5278:Marriage
5237:Holidays
5232:Calendar
5113:Rabbinic
5089:/Hebrew
5034:Haymanot
4961:Orthodox
4948:Branches
4921:Kabbalah
4916:Haskalah
4894:Holiness
4770:dialects
4750:Shassagh
4713:Krymchak
4693:Kayliñña
4587:Yinglish
4563:Galilean
4553:Talmudic
4548:Biblical
4523:Betanure
4442:Biblical
4437:Mishnaic
4432:Medieval
4417:Tiberian
4412:Yemenite
4402:Sephardi
4338:Paradesi
4282:Ḥabbanim
4272:Teimanim
4237:Baghdadi
4210:Maghrebi
4178:Karaites
4156:Gruzínim
4144:Kochinim
4062:Diaspora
4020:Karaites
4005:Atheists
3942:Timeline
3828:(1941).
3816:(1978).
3780:(2006).
3531:Deveikut
3495:monistic
3487:Tzimtzum
3483:Hasidism
3444:Hermetic
3395:Yichudim
3362:Archived
3335:theurgic
3329:(though
3196:Hekhalot
3192:Merkabah
3135:prophets
3095:(1990),
3087:(1941),
2997:See also
2886:Rav Kook
2850:shamanic
2733:Secular
2635:Haskalah
2617:Haskalah
2566:Hasidism
2481:Sephardi
2218:and the
2189:Frankism
2147:heresies
2011:Medieval
1996:Lurianic
1960:Yichudim
1924:Lurianic
1876:Salonica
1845:Kabbalah
1764:Florence
1735:Kabbalah
1712:Kabbalah
1519:theurgic
1467:monastic
1385:Kabbalah
1375:Kabbalah
1202:sephirot
1140:), from
1096:Evil eye
1050:through
1048:folklore
1025:folklore
957:Talmudic
949:Hekhalot
930:Hekhalot
926:Merkabah
905:Bath ḳōl
763:of late
460:magical
391:Orthodox
358: –
309:Kabbalah
222:Hasidism
193:1500s CE
118:Hekhalot
114:Merkabah
73:Prophets
7097:Aggadah
7045:Oneness
7037:Islamic
6919:Outline
6914:History
6873:Judaism
6868:Jainism
6824:Process
6799:Olelbis
6700:Judaism
6643:Islamic
6558:Trinity
6441:Brahman
6415:Sikhism
6410:Jainism
6383:Judaism
6335:Goddess
6071:Zionism
5916:Amoraim
5911:Tannaim
5633:Schisms
5512:Italics
5337:Studies
5283:Divorce
5249:Kashrut
5244:Cuisine
5202:Culture
5133:Midrash
5128:Tosefta
5118:Mishnah
5106:Ketuvim
5101:Nevi'im
5064:Schisms
5054:Science
5044:Karaite
5015:Renewal
4976:Litvaks
4971:Hasidic
4926:Sefirot
4911:Halakha
4882:Messiah
4855:Mitzvah
4850:Beliefs
4804:Western
4790:Poylish
4785:Litvish
4775:Eastern
4765:Yiddish
4760:Shuadit
4745:Qwareña
4733:Tetuani
4728:Haketia
4703:Knaanic
4698:Kivruli
4646:Bukhori
4592:Heblish
4528:Hulaulá
4518:Barzani
4474:Yahudic
4407:Mizrahi
4267:Urfalim
4222:Mizrahi
4166:Neofiti
4161:Italkim
4090:Lita'im
3982:Zionism
3934:History
3908:Judaism
3499:acosmic
3229:in the
3139:Ezekiel
3008:Ein Sof
2904:aggadah
2900:halakha
2882:Zionist
2852:Judaism
2608:Breslav
2511:Baghdad
2477:Mizrahi
2414:Hasidim
2327:Breslav
2023:ethical
1962:method
1731:magical
1515:Gnostic
1453:texts,
1440:ethical
1395:). The
1314:Jewish
1272:Jewish
1264:Jewish
1256:Jewish
1196:200–600
1177:Amulets
1162:Use of
1160:ascents
1134:theurgy
1084:Estries
1060:Midrash
1052:Aggadic
1040:shtetls
984:3 Enoch
953:Tannaic
892:aggadot
851:aggadah
843:Tannaic
839:Midrash
785:Essenes
726:1 Enoch
712:closed:
669:Ezekiel
647:to the
604:Yahwism
362:), and
337:Tannaic
7135:Wiccan
7084:Jewish
7064:Angels
6994:Public
6964:Ethics
6653:Taoist
6648:Jewish
6608:Heaven
6465:God as
6195:Theism
6039:Modern
6018:Anusim
5926:Geonim
5906:Chazal
5857:Persia
5842:Greece
5320:Hazzan
5310:Prayer
5187:Siddur
5123:Talmud
5087:Tanakh
5022:Neolog
4995:Reform
4983:Modern
4966:Haredi
4889:Ethics
4755:Shassi
4723:Ladino
4688:Karaim
4671:Juhuri
4513:Targum
4427:Signed
4392:Modern
4387:Hebrew
4355:Xuetes
4151:Dönmeh
4110:Yekkes
3515:Theism
3477:, and
3231:Kuzari
3198:texts.
2551:Later
2509:Hakham
2497:circle
2308:Chabad
2224:leader
2220:Tzadik
1994:Early
1954:Safed
1373:Early
1333:Sufism
1100:Dybbuk
1076:Lilith
1013:Geonim
961:Gaonic
835:Talmud
812:early
722:Daniel
665:Isaiah
641:Israel
615:Elijah
608:Early
572:Hebrew
540:Early
453:Gnosis
385:, and
96:Pardes
7122:Pagan
7014:Hindu
6863:Islam
6695:Islam
6638:Hindu
6601:Fitra
6451:Logos
6393:Islam
6342:Numen
6317:Deity
6212:Deism
6203:Forms
5852:Egypt
5492:Islam
5300:Names
5290:Music
5271:Rebbe
5266:Rabbi
5220:Monen
5175:Zohar
5096:Torah
5091:Bible
4205:Lemba
4080:Chuts
3497:(the
3397:. In
3153:. In
3049:Notes
2374:Besht
2346:Kotzk
2317:Tanya
2282:Main
2069:Musar
1935:Safed
1843:Safed
1837:Post-
1596:Idrot
1443:piety
1397:Bahir
1364:" of
1362:Sufis
1329:piety
1319:piety
1173:Golem
1123:magic
1080:Theli
909:Torah
881:Zohar
801:Philo
753:pious
744:sects
704:, in
645:Judah
592:Moses
532:Dates
329:Zohar
325:Torah
179:Zohar
65:Forms
6829:Tian
6612:Hell
6482:Good
6477:Time
5896:Nasi
3906:and
3904:Jews
3691:for
3622:and
3071:2022
2953:and
2902:and
2623:and
1841:and
1839:1492
1795:and
1729:and
1710:era
1316:Sufi
1305:and
1062:and
1046:and
1023:and
837:and
700:and
651:and
643:and
555:and
360:1570
356:1492
7049:God
7047:of
4899:God
3645:in
3505:is
3493:is
3306:'s
3290:of
3129:is
3083:In
2460:of
1088:Ziz
841:to
803:'s
293:'s
7174::
6846:in
6610:/
6488:,
3840:.
3804:.
3792:.
3768:.
3756:.
3735:.
3461:,
3451:^
3381:,
3157:,
2619:,
2315:–
2086:–
2077:–
2049:–
1791:,
1485:–
396:.
6492:)
6484:(
6162:e
6155:t
6148:v
5576:e
5569:t
5562:v
4380:)
4376:(
3896:e
3889:t
3882:v
3721:)
3715:(
3710:)
3706:(
3696:.
3258:)
3194:-
3073:.
2859::
2730::
2703::
2479:-
2432:-
2405::
2369::
2344:-
2294::
2191::
2165::
2029::
2013:-
1905::
1864::
1826::
1809::
1748::
1741:-
1586::
1525::
1110:"
928:-
883:)
871:(
732:-
655::
562::
370:-
274:e
267:t
260:v
116:-
20:)
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