97:, founded by Ahn Un-san (1922โ2012), a former disciple of the Lee brothers, who established his first religious organization in 1945. After further divisions, Ahn founded the current Jeung San Do in 1974 together with his son, Ahn Gyeong-jeon (b. 1954). Jeung San Do believes that, as Kang was God the Father, Goh, revered with the title of Tae-mo-nim, was God the mother and between 1926 and 1935 performed her own reordering of the universe. Jeung San Do is the movement within Jeungsanism with the most visible presence abroad, although it is not the largest branch in Korea.
135:. Although statistics are a matter of contention, Daesoon Jinrihoe seems to be the largest new religion in the Jeungsanism family, and possibly the largest Korean new religion in general. At Park's death in 1996, controversies erupted within Daesoon Jinrihoe between those advocating and those denying the deification of Park as a third divine figure, together with Kang and Jo. The branch that rejected the deification maintained the control of the headquarters in
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Cha Gyeong-Seok (1880-1936), a leading disciple of Kang, became the leader of Goh's branch. Dissatisfied with this situation, Goh separated from Cha in 1919 and joined forces with Lee Sangho (1888โ1967), who, together with his brother Lee
Jeongnip (1895โ1968), established various organizations and finally Jeungsangyo Headquarters. The Lees were the first and second patriarchs respectively of Jeungsangyo Headquarters.
93:, became the largest Korean new religious movement and possibly the largest religion in Korea, with some six million followers. It declined rapidly after Cha's death in 1936, and fragmented into several competing group, as did Goh's organization. The largest among the branches claiming a lineage originating from Goh is
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temple before incarnating as Kang
Jeungsan, Kim's branch taught that, after he died, Kang took to reside again in the statue. Kim gained some support for this belief among the Buddhist monks at Geumsansa, but in 1922 was expelled from the monastery by the abbot, an incident that led to the decline of
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A number of branches trace their origins to Goh Pan-Lye (Subu, literally โHead Lady,โ 1880-1935, although in Kang's circle there were two different "Subus"), a female disciple of Kang
Jeungsan. Around September 1911, Goh gathered around her a number of Kang's followers. Eventually, Gohโs male cousin,
82:, the Supreme God of the Universe, and believe that he reordered the whole universe through his mission and rituals, but they differ on who Kang's successors should have been. Some of them have divinized and worship as deities their own founders, or other leaders of Jeungsanism, in addition to Kang.
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Kang
Jeungsan, recognized by his disciples as the Supreme God incarnated, died on June 24, 1909, at the Donggok Clinic he had established in 1908. Kang had not clearly designated a successor, and both his main disciples and some of his relatives established separate branches, which in turn separated
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province, and after protracted litigation with other branches obtained the mortal remains of Kang, which are currently at its headquarters. Jo organized his movement as
Mugeukdo in 1925, but had to disband it in 1941 due to the Japanese occupation of Korea and Japan's hostility to new religions. He
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Another leading disciple of Kang
Jeungsan was Kim Hyeong-Ryeol (1862โ1932). He originally accepted Cha's leadership. In 1914, however, he left and established an independent religious order with Kang Jeungsan's widow, Jeong (1874โ1928). While Jeungsanism in general believes that Sangje remained for
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normally used by the movement). In 1968, however, Park's authority was contested by a number of senior executives and by one of Jo's sons, Jo
Yongnae, who opposed the reforms Park had introduced. The group opposed to Park kept the headquarters near Busan and the name Taegeukdo, while Park moved to
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Another important branch emerged in the 1920s around Jo Cheol-Je, known to his disciples as Jo
Jeongsan (1895โ1958). Jo had never personally met Kang, but claimed to have received a revelation from him in 1917. Eventually, he was recognized as the mysterious successor Kang had announced in his
117:โ 1942), mother (Kwon, 1850โ1926) and daughter (Sun-Im, 1904โ1959), although the daughter eventually started her own separate branch with her husband Kim Byeong-cheol (1905โ1970). Sun-Im's branch, known as Jeung San Beob Jong Gyo, is headquartered in Korea's
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and was followed by a large majority of the members, while another four branches (and possibly more) recognized Park as either a god or the
Maitreya Buddha and separated from the main organization, with which two of them maintain, however, a dialogue.
230:
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126:. Jo died in 1958. His disciples continued as a single religious order until 1968, recognizing as Jo's successor Park Wudang (1918โ1996, or 1917โ1995 according to the
434:
381:
Park, In-gyu (April 2019). "๋์์ง๋ฆฌํ ์กฐ์ง์ฒด๊ณ์ ๋ณํ์ ๊ทธ ํน์ฑ (A Study on the
Changes and Characteristics in the Organizational Structure of Daesoon-jinrihoe)".
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Key Ray Chong, โKang Jeungsan: Trials and Triumphs of a Visionary Pacifist/Nationalist, 1894-1909," in The Daesoon Academy of Sciences (ed.),
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into further rival organizations, generating more than 100 religious orders within the general family of Jeungsanism. All recognize Kang as
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See Don Baker, "The Religious Revolution in Modern Korean History: From ethics to theology and from ritual hegemony to religious freedom,"
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189:"JeungSanDo and the Great Opening of the Later Heaven: Millenarianism, Syncretism, and the Religion of Gang Il-sun"
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61:, or to designate a family of more than 100 Korean new religious movements that recognize Kang Jeungsan (
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Jorgensen, John (2018). "Chapter 20: Taesunjillihoe". In Pokorny, Lukas; Winter, Franz (eds.).
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reorganized it in 1948, and in 1950 changed its name into Taegeukdo, with headquarters in
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Daesoonjinrihoe: A New Religion Emerging from Traditional East Asian Philosophy
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Lee, Kang-o (1967). "Chungsan-gyo: Its History, Doctrine and Ritual".
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See Lee, โChungsan-gyo: Its History, Doctrine and Ritual,โ cit.
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Nova Religio: The Journal of Alternative and Emergent Religions
53:) is an English word with two different uses: as a synonym of
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Robert Pearson Flaherty, โKorean Millennial Movements,โ in
65:) as the incarnation of the Supreme God of the Universe,
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thirty years in the giant Maitreya Buddha statue at the
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Transactions of the Royal Asiatic Society, Korea Branch
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110:prophecies by the deceased Kangโs sister (Seondol,
250:Handbook of East Asian New Religious Movements
231:"The Emergence of National Religions in Korea"
276:, Yeoju: Daesoon Jinrihoe Press, 2016, 17-58.
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425:Religious organizations based in South Korea
131:Seoul and reorganized his branch in 1969 as
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332:. Seoul: Institute of Global Jeungsanism.
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330:๋ฒ์ฆ์ฐ๊ต์ฌ (History of Global Jeungsanism)
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89:In the 1920s, Cha's branch, known as
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354:The Oxford Handbook of Millennialism
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27:Korean New Religious Movement
401:The Review of Korean Studies
252:. Brill. pp. 360โ381.
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420:New religious movements
328:Hong, Beom-Cho (1988).
205:10.1525/nr.2004.7.3.26
59:new religious movement
383:New Religious Studies
229:See e.g. Lee Chi-ran,
73:Origins and divisions
430:East Asian religions
358:Catherine Wessinger
366:978-01-953010-5-2
259:978-90-04-36205-5
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31:Jeungsanism
18:Jeungsangyo
414:Categories
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165:Bocheonism
215:March 27,
103:Geumsansa
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144:See also
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67:Sangje
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35:Korean
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124:Busan
362:ISBN
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254:ISBN
217:2020
201:doi
40:์ฆ์ฐ๊ต
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