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Jo Ractliffe

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349:, Ractliffe defined her photography practice as “very much about seeing--and being critical and self-reflexive about what such seeing means.” According to her artist's statement Ractliffe is interested in exploring “things that are ephemeral - desire, loss, longing - and their relationship to photography. I am also curious about what we don't expect from photographs, what they leave out, their silence and the spaces they occupy between 'reality' and 'desire'. I try to work in an area between the things we know and things we don't know; what sits outside the frame. I am interested in exploring these oblique and furtive 'spaces of betweenness', and in how they figure in producing meaning in a mode of representation that seems so often predicated on specificity and transparency.” 384:, "Ractliffe’s photographs have a silent emptiness to them, where the rocky desert and scrub forest stand mute in the face of history. Her pictures document mass graves, minefields, abandoned crops, ambush sites, improvised memorials, trench systems, and dusty battlefields, singling out some small marker or piece of evidence in the otherwise indifferent landscape. Her platinum prints further soften the harshness of the environment, their tonalities more gentle and forgiving; stands of swaying long grass hide a minefield, pockmarked murals lurk in quiet buildings, or lines of white stones call out the edges of a missile bunker." The most published photo of the collection depicts seven pairs of black and blue overalls hanging from a tree, which the 507:, journalism and political activism, the best photography emerging from the country has absorbed and grappled with its weighty history, questioning, manipulating and revivifying its visual codes and blending them with contemporary concerns. Post-Apartheid, complex and fundamental issues - race, society, gender, identity - remain very much on the surface. This is reflected by image makers who harness the resulting scenes as a form of creative tension within their personal vision. Here, distinctive photographic voices have emerged: local in character and subject matter, but of wider international interest because of their combined intensity." 495:. "Seen by many as the archetypal modern African novel in English, the book reflects on the devastating impact of colonialism in Africa. The exhibition uses this association to focus on a similar loss of utopian perspective following the end of the Cold War and collapse of the Communist Bloc’s investment in African cultural and political development. Things Fall Apart presents fifteen contemporary artists’ projects linked to this theme in different ways." 91: 317:, Ractliffe “has directed her camera toward landscapes to address themes of displacement, conflict, history, memory, and erasure.” Ractliffe has been described as "a documentary photographer who captures the traces of violence, displacement and struggle in a landscape." Her images evoke memory, history, and the aftermath of conflict. Her work engages with the remnants of conflict, visible as scars in the landscape. 34: 445:
remarked that Ractliffe's images "demonstrate that Ractliffe understands that the impact of war is to be found not only in people and the sometimes desperate places they inhabit, but also in rituals of living that, when divorced from circumstance, assume a kind of stark beauty and haunting memory of
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preview and review of Ractliffe's exhibit The Aftermath of Conflict," her body of work is described as having “an odd charge nonetheless, as if the South African photographer had channelled some collective memory. Most of the sites Ractliffe selects are desolate (a field of weeds, a capsized boat, a
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This book features "some of the most iconic images of our time" and a "unique combination of photojournalism and commentary offers a probing and comprehensive exploration of the birth, evolution, and demise of apartheid in South Africa. Photographers played an important role in the documentation of
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Ractliffe has been quoted to say, “One of the reasons for embarking on this project was, in some way, to attempt to locate the imaginary of , to engage the myths that circulate and to retrieve a place for memory… I’ve spoken a bit about this collision of past and present in the landscape, but it was
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It’s through this historical lens that Ms. Ractliffe views landscape: as morally neutral terrain rendered uninhabitable by terrible facts from the past — the grave of hundreds of Namibia refugees, most of them children, killed in an air raid; the unknown numbers of landmines buried in Angola’s soil.
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in 1965 onwards. "From the earliest print in the exhibition, made in 1965 (the Museum’s first acquisition of work by a South African artist), to printed posters from the height of the antiapartheid movement in the 1980s, to projects by a younger generation that reflect new and evolving artistic
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graveyard), and the resulting pictures can sometimes feel puzzling. But the pain and trauma are palpable, as are Ractliffe’s rigor and restraint: fallow farmlands are riddled with land mines; trash spills down a ravine and into a slum; clothes hang from a dead thorn tree.” The online journal
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what life requires to persist or even thrive. With the photographer’s camera focused tightly on imagery which is often trimmed of context, we are confronted with the unsettling truth that war, in its awful beauty, ravages not just distant lands, but lives closer to home as well."
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Figures and Fictions was a group show that exhibited the work of seventeen photographers. The hosting museum said of the exhibit: "The excitement and urgency surrounding photography in South Africa today is partly explained by its local context: embedded in colonial history,
377:"shifts attention away from the urban manifestation of aftermath to the space of war itself. Ractliffe's black and white photographs explore the idea of landscape as pathology, how past violence manifests in the landscape of the present." 361:(Portuguese for "The Lands of the End of the World"), also known as "The Aftermath of Conflict" or "The Ghosts of Angola's Civil War," is a collection of black and white film photographs that capture the lingering end of 254:
fellowship in New York in 2008; the Christian Merian Stiftung fellowship at iaab studios, Basel, Switzerland, in 2001; and the Ecole Cantonale d'Art du Vallais fellowship in Sierre, Switzerland in 2001.
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has described Ractliffe as “one of the most accomplished and under-rated photographers of her generation.” Ractliffe's works have been exhibited independently and with other notable artists such as
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black and white image, "which captures a reality bordering on the mysterious, which the artist emphasizes in her printing techniques." In conversation with Kathleen MacQueen for
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Victoria and Albert Museum. "Figures & Fictions: Contemporary South African Photography." Victoria and Albert Museum. Last modified 2011. Accessed November 27, 2018.
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Online, South African History. "Jo Ractliffe." South African History Online.     Last modified June 13, 2018. Accessed November 24, 2018.    
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Ractliffe's photography spans many subjects, but focuses on exploring a specific subject (such as her collection of unpublished images spanning about 25 years:
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Happenings in Afikaans) is a name alluding to the anti-insurgency government and police agency that acted as an execution site for opponents of
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Ractliffe's works have been discussed in many publications, from her own photography collections, such as her book
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which traced the routes of the Border War fought by South Africa in Angola through the 1970s and 80s. Following
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concerns, these works are striking examples of printed art as a tool for social and artistic expression."
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chose to represent Ractliffe's solo show in 2015. Ractliffe comments on the photo in a personal essay for
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apartheid, capturing the system's penetration of even the most mundane aspects of life in South Africa."
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MoMA: Contemporary Highlights : 250 Oeuvres Du Museum of Modern Art De New York De 1980 Ă€ Nos Jours
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She pursued her education in Cape Town, including her Diploma in Fine Art at Ruth Prowse School of Art,
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Some are now decades old but can still detonate, so the killing goes on." In conversation around
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Gestures and Archives of the Present, Genealogies of the Future: A new lexicon for the biennial
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Thompson, Roger. "JO RACTLIFFE: UNEXPECTED CHALLENGE TO DOCUMENTARY PHOTOGRAPHY AT THE MET."
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Things Fall Apart was a group exhibition that took its title from Chinua Achebe's novel
1370: 481: 2204: 2310: 1037: 863: 484:.” The conference, and Ractliffe's show, were designed in response to South Africa's 425: 417: 271: 225: 205: 153:. She is considered among the most influential South African "social photographers." 1811: 1749: 1224: 504: 390: 20: 278:, Centre for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation; the Wits History Workshop, 2299: 341:, as well as installation video and projections. However, her main medium is the 1365:
The Rise and Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the bureaucracy of everyday life
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The Aftermath of Conflict: Jo Ractliffe's Photographs of Angola and South Africa
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Her works have been catalogued both as works of art and works of history, as in
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was awarded "Best Photobook of 2010" at the International Photobook Festival in
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Rise and Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the Bureaucracy of Everyday Life.
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Rise and Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the bureaucracy of everyday life
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Rise and Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the bureaucracy of everyday life
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Ractliffe is also a senior lecturer at the Witwatersrand School of Arts at
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Starting from her first show, the Master of Fine Arts Graduate Show at the
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Ractliffe uses a wide range of photographic and art practices, including
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jo-ractliffe-unexpected-challenge-to-documentary-photography-at-the-met.
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Warren Siebrits Modern and Contemporary Art, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Warren Siebrits Modern and Contemporary Art, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Rise and Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the Bureaucracy of Everyday
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Lens: Fractions of Contemporary Photography and Video in South Africa
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Gertrude Posel Gallery; STEVENSON Gallery Johannesburg, South Africa
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Earth Matters: Land as material and metaphor in the arts of Africa
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Snap Judgments: New Positions in Contemporary African Photography.
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Snap Judgments: New Positions in Contemporary African Photography
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As Terras Do Fim Do Mundo =: The Lands of the End of the World
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figures-and-fictions-contemporary-south-african-photography/.
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As Terras do Fim do Mundo: The Lands of the End of the World
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Figures and Fictions: Contemporary South African Photography
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Unstable Territory: Borders and identity in contemporary art
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Public Intimacy: Art and Other Ordinary Acts in South Africa
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THEOREM: You Simply Destroy the Image I Always Had of Myself
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As Terras do Fim do Mundo: The Lands of the End of the World
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Impressions from South Africa was an exhibit at New York's
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Brodie and STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa,
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Ractliffe's works are part of the following collections.
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Brodie and STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Distance and Desire: Encounters with the African Archive
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Ecole Cantonale du'Art du Vallais, Sierra, Switzerland
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She has had public or curatorial projects, including
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and she was nominated for the Discovery Prize at the
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that showcased South African art from the height of
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book of over 250 photographs by 30 African artists:
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http://www.donttakepictures.com/dtp-blog/2016/1/19/
2164:. Cape Town, South Africa: Michael Stevenson, 2010. 941:Metropolitan Life Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa 130: 122: 114: 100: 81: 1385:Market Photo Workshop, Johannesburg, South Africa 262:, Johannesburg Art Gallery, South Africa in 2004; 2203:, January 20, 2016. Accessed November 27, 2018. 1812:https://www.sahistory.org.za/people/jo-ractliffe 1497:Les Rencontres d'Arles 2011 photography festival 1114:, Germany; Gallery Municipais, Lisbon, Portugal 712:Walther Collection Project Space, New York, USA 231:She has received numerous awards. Her photobook 480:, a documentary film about Vlakplaas commander 248:Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research 832:STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa 802:STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa 772:STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa 664:STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa 649:STEVENSON Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa 309:or complex landscapes (such as her collection 1121:After Eden/Après Eden- The Walther Collection 1068:Vera and Donald Blinken Open Society Archives 926:STEVENSON Gallery Johannesburg, South Africa 911:STEVENSON Gallery Johannesburg, South Africa 782:Jo Ractliffe: Selected Colour Works 1999-2005 568:STEVENSON Gallery Johannesburg, South Africa 54:. Consider transferring direct quotations to 8: 1016:A Short History of South African Photography 1006:A4 Arts Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa 394:, “They are the hollow men.” In a review by 2280:Maggioni, Laura, and Jean-François Allain. 1400:Stevenson Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa 991:STEVENSON Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa 956:Irma Stern Museum, Cape Town, South Africa 827:Jo Ractliffe: Johannesburg Inner City Works 246:She has held the Writing Fellowship at the 19:Not to be confused with the British artist 16:South African photographer and video artist 1542:Impressions from South Africa, 1965 to Now 697:STEVENSON Gallery Cape Town, South Africa 553:STEVENSON Gallery Cape Town, South Africa 266:, Johannesburg, South Africa in 2000, and 118:BA and MFA at Michaelis School of Fine Art 89: 78: 1270:Centro di Cultura Contemporanea Strozzina 1144:Museum Centro Atlántico de Arte Moderno, 601:Fondation A Stichting, Brussels, Belgium 274:, Great Karoo, South Africa in 1999; and 2269:http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/f/ 1560: 1415:, University of Cape Town, South Africa 969: 531: 1707: 1673:University of Cape Town Art Collection 722:Jo Ractliffe: As Terras do Fim do Mundo 268:End of Time Pinhole Photography Project 1380:Transitions – Social Landscape Project 812:Jo Ractliffe: Selected Works 1982-1999 634:Museet for Fotokunst, Odense, Denmark 563:Jo Ractliffe: Everything is Everything 2005:"Angola: Through Jo Ractliffe's lens" 488:and the lasting legacy of apartheid. 45:too many or overly lengthy quotations 7: 1923: 1921: 1895: 1893: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1806: 1804: 1743: 1741: 1739: 1737: 1634:Iziko South African National Gallery 1473:Iziko South African National Gallery 2033:. South Africa: Michael Stevenson. 1443:International Center of Photography 486:Truth and Reconciliation Commission 1929:"The Contemporaries: Jo Ractliffe" 1774:O'Toole, Sean (9 September 2008). 476:. It was presented in relation to 357:Her 2009/2010 book of photography 14: 2317:South African women photographers 2186:Enwezor, Okwui, and Rory Bester. 951:Master of Fine Arts Graduate Show 2342:21st-century women photographers 416:, to group collections, such as 32: 2243:"RED AFRICA: Things Fall Apart" 2080:Frizzell, Nell (30 June 2016). 1255:Yerba Buena Center for the Arts 1212:, Los Angeles, California, USA 589:August 24, 2015- March 6, 2016 474:University of the Witwatersrand 470:The TRC: Commissioning the Past 1905:The Metropolitan Museum of Art 1651:The Metropolitan Museum of Art 921:Jo Ractliffe: reShooting Diana 282:, Johannesburg, South Africa. 243:Photography Festival in 2011. 1: 1643:The Deutsche Bank Collection 1242:, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 1227:, Johannesburg, South Africa 1055:, Amsterdam, the Netherlands 896:, Johannesburg, South Africa 767:Jo Ractliffe: Terreno Ocupado 644:Jo Ractliffe: The Borderlands 380:According to a review by the 2284:. Milan: 5 continents, 2008. 1754:South African History Online 1335:Transition: Social Landscape 1292:Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian 1257:, San Francisco, California 1186:Conflict, Time, Photography, 619:, Salem, Massachusetts, USA 175:Michaelis School of Fine Art 1901:"The Aftermath of Conflict" 1695:Johannesburg, South Africa 1668:, Swabia, Bavaria, Germany 1580:Johannesburg, South Africa 1341:Rencontres d'Arles festival 730:February 24- April 2, 2011 460:was located on a farm near 280:University of Witwatersrand 2358: 2332:21st-century photographers 2218:"STEVENSON | Jo Ractliffe" 1880:"STEVENSON - Jo Ractliffe" 1830:"STEVENSON | Jo Ractliffe" 1748:Leander (29 August 2016). 1682:University of South Africa 1628:San Francisco, California 1475:, Cape Town, South Africa 1311:Staatliche Kunstsammlungen 667:January 24- March 8, 2013 401:As Terras do Fim do Mundo, 386:Metropolitan Museum of Art 315:Metropolitan Museum of Art 151:Johannesburg, South Africa 149:, where she was born, and 18: 1855:"Staff - Wits University" 1490:Art Museum, South Africa 1459: 1387: 1278: 1196: 1131: 1094: 1023: 906:Jo Ractliffe: End of Time 868: 652:July 25- August 31, 2013 428:and Michael Godby's book 375:As Terras do Fim do Mundo 359:As Terras do Fim do Mundo 307:Everything is Everything) 233:As Terras do Fim do Mundo 136:As Terras do Fim do Mundo 88: 1676:Cape Town, South Africa 1638:Cape Town, South Africa 1428:Museum fĂĽr Moderne Kunst 1350:Social Landscape Project 1160:South African Pavilion, 1155:What remains is tomorrow 1036:Chiostri di San Pietro, 1031:Memory, archives, future 994:July 5- August 21, 2018 966:Recent group exhibitions 556:July 5- August 21, 2018 52:summarize the quotations 1687:Pretoria, South Africa 1608:Amsterdam, Netherlands 1595:Foundation A Stitching 1586:Centre Georges Pompidou 1509:Appropriated Landscapes 1488:Stellenbosch University 1090:Taipei Fine Arts Museum 876:Jo Ractliffe: Vlakplaas 797:Jo Ractliffe: Real Life 745:June 10- July 24, 2010 737:FOREX: THIS IS OUR TIME 692:Trade Routes Over Time, 450:Her exhibit Vlakplaas ( 404:also colliding in me.” 179:University of Cape Town 108:Cape Town, South Africa 2327:Artists from Cape Town 2222:archive.stevenson.info 2177:. New York: ICP, 2006. 2029:Ractliffe, Jo (2010). 1884:archive.stevenson.info 1834:archive.stevenson.info 1661:The Walther Collection 1457:Le Bal, Paris, France 1395:Trade Routes Over Time 1326:The Walther Collection 1112:University of Bayreuth 707:As Terras do Fim Mundo 700:April 4- May 19, 2012 674:As Terras do Fim Mundo 629:As Terras do Fim Mundo 611:Someone Else's Country 571:May 18- June 30, 2017 260:Johannesburg Circa Now 1467:Neither Man Nor Stone 1430:, Frankfurt, Germany 396:The New York Times, " 295:Market Photo Workshop 167:Bachelor of Fine Arts 1548:Museum of Modern Art 1162:56th Venice Biennale 682:, Salzburg, Austria 659:The Loom of the Land 617:Peabody Essex Museum 584:The MET Fifth Avenue 512:Museum of Modern Art 264:Joubert Park Project 252:Ampersand Foundation 2201:Don't Take Pictures 1563: 1413:Michaelis Galleries 1313:, Dresden, Germany 1234:Apartheid and After 1021:Fotografia Europea 888:Guess who loves you 443:Don't Take Pictures 171:Master of Fine Arts 2009:The M&G Online 1722:. 5 September 2016 1598:Brussels, Belgium 1561: 1515:Walther Collection 1373:, Munich, Germany 1356:Rencontres d’Arles 1276:, Florence, Italy 1179:, New Jersey, USA 862:Ibis Art Gallery, 363:Angola's Civil War 339:studio photography 241:Rencontres d'Arles 1699: 1698: 1554: 1553: 1452:Topography of War 1309:, Paris, France; 1177:Mana Contemporary 1102:Things Fall Apart 1062:Things Fall Apart 963: 962: 493:Things Fall Apart 367:Terreno Occupado, 313:According to the 311:The Borderlands). 297:in Johannesburg. 291:Salzburg, Austria 218:William Kentridge 186:Irma Stern Museum 140: 139: 95:Ractliffe in 2019 77: 76: 2349: 2303: 2302: 2300:Official website 2285: 2278: 2272: 2265: 2259: 2258: 2256: 2254: 2247:Contemporary And 2239: 2233: 2232: 2230: 2228: 2214: 2208: 2197: 2191: 2184: 2178: 2173:Enwezor, Okwui. 2171: 2165: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2149: 2147: 2133: 2127: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2077: 2071: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2051: 2045: 2044: 2026: 2020: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2001: 1995: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1976: 1970: 1969: 1967: 1965: 1959:bombmagazine.org 1951: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1935:. 26 August 2016 1925: 1916: 1915: 1913: 1911: 1897: 1888: 1887: 1876: 1870: 1869: 1867: 1865: 1851: 1845: 1844: 1842: 1840: 1826: 1815: 1808: 1799: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1782:. No. 117. 1771: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1745: 1732: 1731: 1729: 1727: 1712: 1692:WITS Art Museum 1576:Apartheid Museum 1564: 1550:, New York, USA 1445:, New York, USA 1358:, Paris, France 1343:, Arles, France 1129:, Paris, France 970: 586:, New York, USA 532: 528:Solo exhibitions 204:in South Korea. 202:Gwangju Biennial 133: 93: 79: 72: 69: 63: 36: 35: 28: 2357: 2356: 2352: 2351: 2350: 2348: 2347: 2346: 2307: 2306: 2298: 2297: 2294: 2289: 2288: 2279: 2275: 2266: 2262: 2252: 2250: 2241: 2240: 2236: 2226: 2224: 2216: 2215: 2211: 2198: 2194: 2185: 2181: 2172: 2168: 2160:Ractliffe, Jo. 2159: 2155: 2145: 2143: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2120: 2118: 2113: 2112: 2108: 2098: 2096: 2079: 2078: 2074: 2064: 2062: 2061:. 27 April 2011 2059:Collector Daily 2053: 2052: 2048: 2041: 2028: 2027: 2023: 2013: 2011: 2003: 2002: 1998: 1988: 1986: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1963: 1961: 1953: 1952: 1948: 1938: 1936: 1927: 1926: 1919: 1909: 1907: 1899: 1898: 1891: 1878: 1877: 1873: 1863: 1861: 1853: 1852: 1848: 1838: 1836: 1828: 1827: 1818: 1809: 1802: 1792: 1790: 1773: 1772: 1768: 1758: 1756: 1747: 1746: 1735: 1725: 1723: 1714: 1713: 1709: 1704: 1559: 1528: 1517:, Ulm, Germany 1328:, Ulm, Germany 1307:La Maison Rouge 1274:Palazzo Strozzi 1127:La Maison Rouge 1086:Taipei Biennial 968: 894:Goodman Gallery 530: 525: 418:Okwui Enwezor's 410: 382:Collector Daily 371:Terreno Ocupado 355: 323: 303: 287:Wits University 210:David Goldblatt 169:(1985) and her 159: 131: 110: 105: 96: 84: 73: 67: 64: 58:or excerpts to 49: 37: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2355: 2353: 2345: 2344: 2339: 2334: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2309: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2293: 2292:External links 2290: 2287: 2286: 2273: 2260: 2234: 2209: 2192: 2179: 2166: 2153: 2141:The New Yorker 2137:"Jo Ractliffe" 2128: 2106: 2072: 2046: 2039: 2021: 1996: 1984:artthrob.co.za 1971: 1946: 1917: 1889: 1871: 1859:www.wits.ac.za 1846: 1816: 1800: 1776:"Jo Ractliffe" 1766: 1750:"Jo Ractliffe" 1733: 1706: 1705: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1693: 1689: 1688: 1685: 1678: 1677: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1663: 1657: 1656: 1655:New York, USA 1653: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1629: 1626: 1620: 1619: 1618:New York, USA 1616: 1610: 1609: 1606: 1604:Huis Marseille 1600: 1599: 1596: 1592: 1591: 1590:Paris, France 1588: 1582: 1581: 1578: 1572: 1571: 1568: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1551: 1545: 1537: 1536: 1533:V&A Museum 1530: 1519: 1518: 1512: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1492: 1491: 1485: 1477: 1476: 1470: 1462: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1447: 1446: 1440: 1432: 1431: 1425: 1422:Making History 1417: 1416: 1410: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1390: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1375: 1374: 1371:Haus der Kunst 1368: 1360: 1359: 1353: 1345: 1344: 1338: 1330: 1329: 1323: 1315: 1314: 1304: 1296: 1295: 1289: 1281: 1280: 1277: 1267: 1259: 1258: 1252: 1244: 1243: 1240:Huis Marseille 1237: 1229: 1228: 1222: 1214: 1213: 1207: 1199: 1198: 1195: 1189: 1181: 1180: 1174: 1166: 1165: 1158: 1150: 1149: 1142: 1139:History Lesson 1134: 1133: 1130: 1124: 1116: 1115: 1110:, London, UK; 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Index

Jo Ratcliffe
too many or overly lengthy quotations
summarize the quotations
Wikiquote
Wikisource

Cape Town, South Africa
Cape Town
Johannesburg, South Africa
Woodstock
Bachelor of Fine Arts
Master of Fine Arts
Michaelis School of Fine Art
University of Cape Town
Irma Stern Museum
MET
MOMA
Tate Modern
Gwangju Biennial
Okwui Enwezor
David Goldblatt
Guy Tillim
William Kentridge
Pieter Hugo
Zanele Muholi
Kassel
Rencontres d'Arles
Wits Institute for Social and Economic Research
Ampersand Foundation
Nieu-Bethesda

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