982:. Rather than immediately attacking them, Sun attempted to negotiate a peaceful resolution of their differences. This proved futile and, on 11 February, their forces besieged Dengzhou. When the city fell a little over a week later, Sun was spared by Kong and Geng for his leniency but, for the same reason, he was then arrested, court-martialed, and executed by the Ming government. Captain Teixeira and 11 other Portuguese were killed in battle, 15 escaped only with serious injury, and Rodrigues himself survived by jumping from the high city wall into the sea. He then made his way back to Beijing, where he received an imperial decree praising his services.
1023:
543:
563:
742:, protecting Jesuit missions and Japanese converts at Nagasaki, Osaka, and Kyoto. Native courtiers tried to remove him on several occasions and even Tokugawa tested his honesty on a few occasions before admitting his suspicions were ill-founded. Following a
602:"), had long maintained a friendly relationship with the Portuguese and Spanish against the strong resistance of his wife and counselors; at some point, Rodrigues joined his campaigns against other clans competing for control of
1128:
in 1620. It does not mere abridge the earlier work but reformulates its treatment of grammar, establishing clear and concise rules regarding the principal features of the
Japanese language. There is a manuscript edition in the
2320:
Arte da lingua de Iapam by father João
Rodrigues Originally published in Nagasaki: Collegio de Iapao da Companhia de Iesv, 1604-1608, first grammar of the Japanese language, in Portuguese, by the missionary João
1213:. His writings reveal an open mind about the culture of his host country, including praise of the holiness of the Buddhist monks. The autograph manuscript is lost but a 1740 copy was discovered by the Jesuit
968:) literally means "The Central Realm"—did in fact occupy the middle of the earth. Rodrigues replied that, since the earth was a sphere, every country could truthfully claim their land as its center.
407:
1005:
mentions
Rodrigues's remains prominently, although after the plot was approved for the church's use Rodrigues's body was instead interred within the church itself in front of its St
1366:. Clavell appears to have named the character Vasco Rodrigues to acknowledge João Rodrigues in a similar way as he gave Vasco Rodrigues's Japanese wife the name "Gracia" to honor
1189:
but was itself uncompleted. Despite the book's name, the details of the Jesuit efforts in Japan are largely relegated to an appendix entitled "Bishops of the
Japanese Church" (
1069:, and other commercial information. Although it was preceded by some manuscript glossaries and grammars, such as those given to the Philippine Jesuits who settled at
2361:
1850:
1209:. During this period, he also wrote observations on Japanese life, including political events of the emergence of the shogunate and a detailed description of the
2195:
887:
847:
intended for
Beijing. The group was permitted to bring ten artillery pieces and four "excellent bombards" through China to the capital. They reached
2406:
2396:
2386:
2371:
2356:
2366:
2190:
828:
exploded, killing a
Portuguese artillerist and three Chinese, prompting Rodrigues and the rest to return to Macao. There he worked as the Japan
1142:
2411:
2391:
1826:
472:
2147:
1328:, published in 1603, but this attribution was mistaken and Rodrigues's involvement with any aspect of its compilation has been debated.
2421:
2401:
2303:
759:
751:
743:
902:, a treatise on cannon and their use, and a book on European customs and manners. Jeong also had Rodrigues speak with his assistants
2274:
2236:
2093:
1347:
1202:
770:
734:
the next year, returning to Japan in 1596. On 16 September 1598, Rodrigues visited the dying
Hideyoshi and tried unsuccessfully to
1201:, and writing styles. In Japan, Rodrigues witnessed the expansion of the Portuguese presence, the arrival of the first Englishman
2381:
1027:
2128:
2064:
271:
124:
2416:
2376:
146:
1062:
2159:
Galileo in China: Relations through the Roman
College between Galileo and the Jesuit Scientist-Missionaries (1610–1640)
794:
1363:
1351:
2116:
2103:
1313:
1238:
954:. A record survives of his conversation with Yi, who was most curious about whether or not China—whose native name
844:
798:
703:(1581–1590). He began to preach in Japanese in 1588, despite still being unordained. During Valignano's visit to
2048:
Statecraft & Intellectual
Renewal in Late Ming China: The Cross-Cultural Synthesis of Xu Guangqi (1562–1633)
1057:
in three volumes from 1604 to 1608. In addition to vocabulary and grammar, it includes details on the country's
2162:
813:
2247:
1262:
1058:
1041:
1035:
367:
1391:
1130:
1002:
994:
712:
520:
402:
1271:
1197:). The main text describes Japanese history and culture, including discussions of the Japanese language,
285:
806:
641:
2180:
2351:
2346:
2185:
2166:
851:
on 5 January 1630, but were first delayed from reaching the capital and then quickly sent from it to
782:
773:. In 1614, he was finally compelled to leave Japan altogether, having lived there over thirty years.
735:
696:
618:
417:
2248:"The Introduction of Western Science in Korea: A Comparative View with the Cases of China and Japan"
1214:
1438:
1408:
1046:
723:
668:
664:
648:
587:
583:
424:, the form he himself used in his Portuguese works; his epithet is sometimes mistakenly written as
384:
342:
52:
927:
463:
2228:
1844:
1275:
1253:
1206:
1090:
998:
990:
852:
767:
704:
903:
2075:
2027:
1974:
1802:
1786:
1571:
1482:
2299:
2270:
2232:
2124:
2089:
2060:
1908:
1892:
1832:
1822:
1688:
1672:
1656:
1342:
1249:
1245:
1078:
1073:
in 1593, it was apparently the first printed
Japanese grammar. A manuscript edition is in the
1066:
883:
836:
793:
and then traveled the interior of the country looking for antiquities related to the medieval
660:
567:
459:
392:
362:
334:
95:
70:
2056:
2042:
1958:
1870:
1737:
1716:
1536:
1509:
843:
and Leo Li in 1629, Rodrigues—now 68—served as the interpreter for a second expedition under
519:). In 19th- and early 20th-century sources, his name appears as "Jean Niouk", a blend of the
2331:
1404:
1257:
1125:
1086:
1082:
747:
731:
688:
680:
676:
652:
637:
614:
610:
177:
66:
2204:
1186:
679:. (From examples and comparisons in his works, he also seems to have had some knowledge of
629:
1367:
1150:
1074:
739:
727:
547:
468:
346:
200:
2170:
2035:, vol. VI (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1878, pp. 390–394
1221:
around 1900. The first 181 pages of the manuscript were published in two volumes as Vol.
527:'s French transcription of the Korean pronunciation of the Chinese form of his surname.
2218:
2142:
1279:
976:
956:
895:
755:
692:
684:
599:
579:
524:
480:
350:
2340:
1407:
states that Rodrigues came to Japan in 1577 as "a child"; other sources place him in
1355:
1337:
1218:
1185:) was a monumental attempt to complete the earlier unfinished works of Valignano and
1134:
979:
700:
985:
Rodrigues returned to Macao in 1633 and died there at some point before a letter to
17:
1359:
1287:
1210:
802:
763:
633:
595:
586:, in 1561 or 1562. He sailed to Asia in his early teens and reached Japan by 1577.
555:
432:
354:
184:
74:
2319:
2269:, Women and Gender in the Early Modern World, Farnham: Ashgate, pp. 111–126,
2224:
The Hall of Heavenly Records: Korean Astronomical Instruments and Clocks 1380–1780
2043:"Xu Guangqi in the West: Early Jesuit Sources and the Construction of an Identity"
766:, he permitted most of the missionaries to remain but replaced Rodrigues with the
671:
with others. He was soon recognized for his fluent Japanese, and his knowledge of
2285:
2264:
2222:
2079:
2046:
1818:
The Namban trade : merchants and missionaries in 16th and 17th century Japan
820:
in 1623 as the interpreter for the Portuguese company charged with demonstrating
738:
him to Christianity. He remained well-liked and influential under the new shogun
1325:
1300:
1297:
1267:
963:
868:
860:
575:
551:
455:
397:
372:
358:
48:
2179:
497:. In modern Korean sources, Rodrigues's name is written with the pronunciation
1836:
972:
476:
371:. He was also long erroneously supposed to have been the main compiler of the
754:
the next year, however, Tokugawa resolved to replace Portuguese traders with
2263:
Ward, Haruko Nawata (2009), "Ōtomo-Nata Jezebel:... Priestess of Hachiman",
1387:
951:
891:
864:
825:
821:
786:
625:
216:
1816:
591:
542:
2328:- Japanese web domain named after the Portuguese missionary João Rodrigues
1270:
on Western astronomy is also preserved; it was translated into Italian by
1283:
1054:
899:
856:
848:
719:
487:
223:
562:
1437:
For a recent discussion concerning the compiler of the dictionary, see
1425:
1421:
875:
840:
817:
790:
708:
509:), although at the time his Chinese surname would have been pronounced
413:
2026:
1303:
945:
942:
939:
921:
918:
915:
449:
446:
443:
159:
156:
153:
137:
134:
131:
2325:
1420:
This meeting is sometimes erroneously reported as having occurred in
1146:
1138:
872:
622:
603:
338:
248:
99:
2287:
Portuguese Missionary Grammars in Asia, Africa and Brazil, 1550–1800
1278:& al. In China, he also wrote a description of the 8th-century
1862:
1860:
1198:
1070:
1021:
879:
672:
656:
561:
541:
2292:
Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science
1346:
is loosely based on Rodrigues, while the protagonist is based on
1324:
He was also long supposed to have been the main compiler of the
1266:—that have only survived in manuscript fragments. His letter to
986:
2266:
Women Religious Leaders in Japan's Christian Century, 1549–1650
1237:; 1953 & 1955) in Tokyo. It was translated into English by
867:. While there in early 1631, Sun and Rodrigues were visited by
621:
in 1578. In December 1580, around age 19, Rodrigues joined the
1370:. (In the book, the character "Mariko" is based on Hosokawa.)
2108:
Rodrigues the Interpreter: An Early Jesuit in Japan and China
950:) in greater detail, Yi about geography and Col. Jeong about
882:
to Beijing. Rodrigues introduced him to the Jesuits' work on
832:, the priest in charge of the Macao–Japan trade, until 1627.
2157:
D'Elia, Pasquale (1960), Suter, Rufus; et al. (eds.),
2088:, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 1145–47,
1077:; the two surviving copies of the printed version are in
859:, where they trained troops under its Christian governor
781:
Rodrigues returned to Macao and then began work with the
711:
hired him for a time as his personal interpreter. He was
228:
1633:
1631:
1290:'s translation of Christian concepts into Chinese. His
1022:
707:
in July 1590, Rodrigues so impressed Toyotomi that the
420:. João's surname sometimes appears in its Spanish form
2134:, a translation of the manuscript copy of Rodrigues's
205:
189:
758:, the Dutch, and the Spanish in early 1610. After a
290:
276:
2121:
João Rodrigues's Account of Sixteenth-Century Japan
1931:
1929:
1390:have confused him with his contemporary missionary
675:also allowed him to translate documents written in
284:
270:
265:
247:
242:
222:
215:
199:
183:
176:
171:
145:
123:
118:
109:
90:
82:
59:
41:
34:
27:
Portuguese missionary (1561 or 1562 – 1633 or 1634)
1165:) in 1825, with a supplement added the next year.
401:, "the Interpreter"). It distinguished him from a
1904:
1888:
744:violent suppression of marauding Japanese sailors
715:of the Jesuits' Japan mission from 1591 to 1626.
647:Despite having an admittedly unpolished style in
1231:
1191:
1179:
1133:; the two surviving printed editions are in the
1118:
1106:
1089:. It was translated into Japanese by Tadao Doi (
971:On 19 January 1632, Governor Sun's subordinates
2296:Studies in the History of the Language Sciences
1244:He worked on two treatises—one concerning the
718:Rodrigues finished his theological studies at
383:João Rodrigues's epithet "Tçuzu" was an early
1295:
1112:), distinguishing the earlier grammar as the
961:
937:
913:
441:
151:
129:
98:; introducing western science and culture to
8:
1159:
931:
907:
514:
504:
253:
989:mentioning his death, dated 20 March 1634.
485:
1998:
1849:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
570:of a Portuguese visitor in Western attire.
262:
168:
31:
2081:Dictionary of Ming Biography, 1368–1644,
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
878:traveling with a diplomatic mission from
699:during his visit and for vice provincial
387:transcription of his Japanese descriptor
2196:United States Government Printing Office
2010:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1733:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1712:
1532:
1505:
1648:
1646:
1610:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1379:
1312:) is a Chinese paean to the bravery of
760:successful assault on a Portuguese ship
683:and one of the Indian languages around
431:In Japan and China, Rodrigues used the
2362:Portuguese Roman Catholic missionaries
2298:, No. 117, Amsterdam: John Benjamins,
1986:
1842:
1700:
1637:
1622:
1336:The character of Martin Alvito in the
1143:School of Oriental and African Studies
1102:The Short Art of the Japanese Language
1097:The Short Art of the Japanese Language
898:. He also provided Jeong with a small
106:
1320:On the Japanese-Portuguese dictionary
7:
2191:Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period
1970:
1935:
1920:
1866:
1798:
1782:
1684:
1668:
1652:
1583:
1567:
1478:
1326:first Japanese–Portuguese dictionary
373:first Japanese–Portuguese dictionary
2212:, Seoul: Methodist Publishing House
2055:, Vol. 50, Leiden: Brill, pp.
655:he taught grammar while he studied
2332:Monuments to Father João Rodrigues
1595:
1085:and the private collection of the
25:
1161:Elémens de la Grammaire Japonaise
894:, which Jeong highly praised for
816:of Ming China, Rodrigues came to
2151:(in French), Paris: Victor Palmé
1386:Sources that place his birth in
1286:in 1625 and a treatise opposing
1042:The Art of the Japanese Language
1028:The Art of the Japanese Language
1018:The Art of the Japanese Language
890:and made a personal gift of his
824:. During one demonstration, the
695:.) He served as interpreter for
368:The Art of the Japanese Language
2407:17th-century Portuguese writers
2397:16th-century Portuguese writers
2387:17th-century Portuguese Jesuits
2372:16th-century Portuguese Jesuits
2357:Portuguese expatriates in Japan
1205:, and the consolidation of the
357:. He is now best known for his
229:
2367:Portuguese Renaissance writers
2231:: Cambridge University Press,
2136:History of the Japanese Church
1175:History of the Japanese Church
1169:History of the Japanese Church
442:
291:
277:
206:
190:
152:
130:
1:
2257:, vol. 4, pp. 31–43
2148:Histoire de l'Église de Corée
1821:. Leiden. pp. 163, 172.
1292:Record of Gonçalo the Dutiful
521:French form of his given name
2412:Jesuit missionaries in China
2392:Jesuit missionaries in Japan
2165:: Harvard University Press,
1155:Elements of Japanese Grammar
809:within a Christian context.
642:Christian community in Japan
86:soldier, interpreter, priest
2123:, London: Hakluyt Society,
1233:Colecção: Noticias de Macau
1181:Historia da Igreja do Japão
952:Western firearms and cannon
807:traditional Chinese rituals
805:'s attempts to permit most
644:of about 100,000 converts.
403:contemporary João Rodrigues
325:or 1634), distinguished as
2438:
2203:Hulbert, Homer B. (1905),
1352:1980 miniseries adaptation
1108:Arte Breve da Lingoa Iapoa
1033:
997:responsible for the first
333:in China and Korea, was a
94:early linguistic works on
2422:17th-century male writers
2402:16th-century male writers
1296:
1193:Bispos da Igreja do Japao
1149:. It was translated into
962:
938:
932:
914:
908:
799:Chinese Rites Controversy
797:. He participated in the
515:
505:
396:
330:
302:
261:
254:
167:
114:
1905:Needham & al. (1986)
1889:Needham & al. (1986)
687:, possibly a dialect of
546:A 16th- or 17th-century
125:Traditional Chinese
2382:People from Sernancelhe
2284:Zwartjes, Otto (2011),
2255:Northeast Asian Studies
2246:Park, Seongrae (2000),
2110:, New York: Weatherhill
2033:Encyclopædia Britannica
1141:and the library of the
1131:French National Library
1051:Arte da Lingoa de Iapam
1036:Arte da Lingoa de Iapam
845:Gonçalo Teixeira-Correa
147:Simplified Chinese
2326:Missionary Linguistics
2221:; et al. (1986),
2206:The History of Korea,
2178:Fang Zhaoying (1943).
2041:Blue, Gregory (2001),
1248:and their relation to
1246:Chinese Buddhist sects
1232:
1192:
1180:
1160:
1119:
1107:
1050:
1031:
995:memorial to the throne
663:under the Jesuits and
617:wife and converted to
574:Rodrigues was born at
571:
559:
550:print of a Portuguese
486:
2186:Hummel, Arthur W. Sr.
2074:Chan, Albert (1976),
1153:by M.C. Landresse as
1025:
785:. He first worked at
636:"). At the time, the
565:
545:
375:, published in 1603.
337:sailor, warrior, and
2417:Missionary linguists
2377:Jesuit Asia missions
2181:"Sun Yüan-hua"
1815:Oka, Mihoko (2021).
1392:João Rodrigues Girão
1310:Gōngshā Xiàozhōng Jǐ
1263:Theater of the World
1124:), was published on
697:Alessandro Valignano
454:), abbreviating his
272:Revised Romanization
18:Joao Rodrigues Tcuzu
2171:1960gcrt.book.....D
1411:'s service by 1576.
1354:he is portrayed by
1256:after the style of
1252:and another on the
1225:XIII of the series
1053:) was published at
801:, where he opposed
665:Japanese literature
1254:geography of China
1227:Notices from Macao
1207:Tokugawa Shogunate
1199:Chinese characters
1032:
999:Catholic graveyard
991:Francesco Sambiasi
980:mutinied in Wuqiao
896:its use in warfare
795:Church of the East
705:Toyotomi Hideyoshi
572:
560:
329:and also known by
2001:, pp. 42 ff.
1828:978-90-04-46387-5
1403:A 1619 report by
855:(now Penglai) in
822:European firearms
568:Japanese painting
363:Japanese language
349:, and scholar in
306:
305:
298:
297:
286:McCune–Reischauer
238:
237:
178:Standard Mandarin
105:
104:
71:Portuguese Empire
16:(Redirected from
2429:
2308:
2279:
2258:
2252:
2241:
2213:
2199:
2183:
2173:
2152:
2133:
2111:
2098:
2076:"João Rodrígues"
2069:
2053:Sinica Leidensia
2036:
2030:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1968:
1962:
1952:
1939:
1933:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1902:
1896:
1886:
1873:
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1855:
1854:
1848:
1840:
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1806:
1796:
1790:
1780:
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1731:
1720:
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1565:
1540:
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1503:
1486:
1476:
1442:
1435:
1429:
1418:
1412:
1405:Francisco Vieira
1401:
1395:
1384:
1307:
1306:
1235:
1224:
1195:
1183:
1163:
1122:
1110:
1087:Earl of Crawford
1083:Bodleian Library
1008:
1003:São Paulo church
967:
966:
949:
948:
935:
934:
925:
924:
911:
910:
839:by the converts
722:in 1593 and was
638:Society of Jesus
615:Shinto-priestess
588:Ōtomo Yoshishige
518:
517:
508:
507:
502:
491:
453:
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411:
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324:
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32:
21:
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2283:
2277:
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2250:
2245:
2239:
2219:Needham, Joseph
2217:
2202:
2177:
2156:
2143:Dallet, Charles
2141:
2131:
2117:Cooper, Michael
2115:
2104:Cooper, Michael
2102:
2096:
2073:
2067:
2040:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2011:Zwartjes (2011)
2009:
2005:
1997:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1969:
1965:
1955:Zwartjes (2011)
1953:
1942:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1903:
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1865:
1858:
1841:
1829:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1797:
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1781:
1744:
1734:Zwartjes (2011)
1732:
1723:
1713:Zwartjes (2011)
1711:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1683:
1679:
1667:
1663:
1651:
1644:
1636:
1629:
1621:
1617:
1609:
1605:
1594:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1566:
1543:
1533:Zwartjes (2011)
1531:
1516:
1506:Zwartjes (2011)
1504:
1489:
1477:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1445:
1436:
1432:
1419:
1415:
1402:
1398:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1368:Hosokawa Gracia
1364:2024 adaptation
1334:
1322:
1274:and English by
1222:
1171:
1099:
1075:Vatican Library
1038:
1020:
1015:
1009:Michael altar.
1006:
814:Manchu invasion
779:
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1034:Main article:
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926:) and Colonel
888:other sciences
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2012:
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1987:Cooper (2001)
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1623:Dallet (1874)
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783:China mission
776:
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771:William Adams
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2084:
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2032:
2020:Bibliography
2006:
1994:
1982:
1966:
1916:
1900:
1817:
1810:
1794:
1708:
1696:
1680:
1664:
1618:
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1433:
1416:
1399:
1382:
1360:Tommy Bastow
1341:
1335:
1323:
1309:
1291:
1288:Matteo Ricci
1261:
1243:
1230:
1226:
1211:tea ceremony
1190:
1178:
1174:
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1117:
1113:
1105:
1101:
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1040:
1039:
1026:
984:
970:
955:
928:Jeong Hyogil
861:Ignatius Sun
834:
829:
811:
803:Matteo Ricci
780:
764:Nagasaki Bay
750:in 1608 and
717:
646:
608:
573:
556:Nanban Trade
529:
510:
499:
494:
484:
473:transcribing
462:
458:to a single
436:
433:Chinese name
430:
425:
421:
388:
382:
366:
365:, including
326:
310:
309:
185:Hanyu Pinyin
119:Chinese name
63:1633 or 1634
45:1561 or 1562
2352:1633 deaths
2347:1561 births
1971:Chan (1976)
1936:Fang (1943)
1921:Park (2000)
1867:Blue (2001)
1799:Chan (1976)
1783:Chan (1976)
1715:, pp.
1685:Ward (2009)
1669:Ward (2009)
1653:Ward (2009)
1584:Park (2000)
1568:Chan (1976)
1479:Chan (1976)
1280:Xi'an Stele
1268:Jeong Duwon
1120:Arte Grande
1093:) in 1955.
1001:at Macao's
869:Jeong Duwon
812:During the
640:reckoned a
619:Catholicism
576:Sernancelhe
456:family name
406: [
331:other names
243:Korean name
49:Sernancelhe
2341:Categories
2130:0904180735
2066:9004120580
1973:, p.
1957:, p.
1907:, p.
1891:, p.
1869:, p.
1837:1251739354
1801:, p.
1785:, p.
1736:, p.
1687:, p.
1671:, p.
1655:, p.
1570:, p.
1535:, p.
1508:, p.
1481:, p.
1449:References
1187:Luís Fróis
1047:Portuguese
973:Kong Youde
904:Yi Yeonghu
835:Following
830:procurador
768:Englishman
713:procurator
673:Han script
669:philosophy
651:, he knew
649:Portuguese
552:Black Ship
500:Yuk Yakhan
477:given name
385:Portuguese
359:linguistic
343:missionary
335:Portuguese
292:Yuk Yakhan
278:Yuk Yakhan
201:Wade–Giles
2321:Rodrigues
2229:Cambridge
2163:Cambridge
1845:cite book
1613:, Ch. iv.
1454:Citations
1388:Alcochete
1350:. In the
1241:in 2001.
1215:J.M. Cros
1114:Great Art
1059:dynasties
892:telescope
884:astronomy
837:memorials
787:Zhenjiang
626:novitiate
460:character
437:Lu Ruohan
422:Rodriguez
209:Lu Jê-han
207:Lu Jo-han
191:Lù Ruòhàn
2145:(1874),
2106:(1973),
2083:Vol. II:
1439:Zwartjes
1258:Ortelius
1067:measures
1063:currency
1055:Nagasaki
993:'s 1639
957:Zhōngguó
900:fieldgun
876:mandarin
857:Shandong
853:Dengzhou
849:Zhuozhou
777:In China
762:then in
724:ordained
720:Nagasaki
661:theology
611:divorced
584:Portugal
538:In Japan
488:Iohannes
393:Japanese
224:Jyutping
193:Lù Rěhàn
96:Japanese
53:Portugal
2208:Vol. II
2188:(ed.).
2167:Bibcode
1975:1146–47
1803:1145–46
1426:Nanjing
1422:Beijing
1362:in the
1358:and by
1217:in the
841:Paul Xu
818:Beijing
791:Nanjing
736:convert
689:Konkani
681:Italian
677:Chinese
653:Spanish
467:in the
414:Jesuits
412:in the
317:or 1562
2302:
2273:
2235:
2127:
2092:
2063:
1835:
1825:
1599:(1878)
1343:Shōgun
1332:Legacy
1272:d'Elia
1223:
1151:French
1147:London
1139:Lisbon
1079:Oxford
1007:
873:Korean
826:cannon
728:priest
709:regent
623:Jesuit
609:Ōtomo
604:Kyushu
592:daimyō
525:Dallet
495:Ruohan
426:Tçuzzu
347:priest
339:Jesuit
323:
321:– 1633
319:
315:
249:Hangul
2251:(PDF)
2184:. In
2057:19–71
1409:Ōtomo
1374:Notes
1340:book
1284:Xi'an
1276:Suter
1126:Macao
1071:Kyoto
1013:Works
880:Seoul
789:near
748:Macao
732:Macao
726:as a
693:Tamil
657:Latin
634:Funai
600:Bungo
596:Funai
580:Viseu
483:form
481:Latin
410:]
389:Tsūji
355:China
351:Japan
327:Tçuzu
313:(1561
100:Korea
75:China
67:Macao
2300:ISBN
2271:ISBN
2233:ISBN
2125:ISBN
2090:ISBN
2061:ISBN
1851:link
1833:OCLC
1823:ISBN
1787:1146
1717:94–5
1572:1147
1483:1145
1173:His
1091:土井忠生
987:Rome
975:and
886:and
871:, a
667:and
659:and
630:Ōita
613:his
533:Life
523:and
511:Ryuk
475:his
471:and
379:Name
353:and
60:Died
42:Born
2085:M–Z
1909:175
1893:176
1689:124
1673:115
1657:111
1424:or
1260:'s
1145:in
1137:in
1081:'s
933:정효길
909:이영후
746:in
730:at
691:or
685:Goa
628:at
594:of
578:in
506:육약한
493:to
479:'s
255:육약한
2343::
2290:,
2253:,
2227:,
2194:.
2161:,
2078:,
2059:,
2051:,
2045:,
2031:,
1959:97
1943:^
1928:^
1877:^
1871:44
1859:^
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1843:{{
1831:.
1745:^
1738:96
1724:^
1645:^
1630:^
1597:EB
1544:^
1537:95
1517:^
1510:94
1490:^
1461:^
1308:,
1301:効忠
1298:公沙
1065:,
1061:,
1049::
964:中國
936:,
912:,
632:("
606:.
598:("
590:,
582:,
464:Lu
428:.
416:'
408:ja
398:通事
395::
345:,
69:,
51:,
2309:.
2280:.
2259:.
2242:.
2214:.
2174:.
2169::
2153:.
2138:.
2112:.
2099:.
2070:.
2037:.
1989:.
1977:.
1961:.
1938:.
1911:.
1895:.
1853:)
1839:.
1805:.
1789:.
1740:.
1719:.
1691:.
1675:.
1659:.
1625:.
1574:.
1539:.
1512:.
1485:.
1441:.
1428:.
1394:.
1304:紀
1294:(
1229:(
1177:(
1157:(
1116:(
1104:(
1045:(
960:(
946:吉
943:孝
940:鄭
930:(
922:後
919:栄
916:李
906:(
558:.
516:륙
513:(
503:(
450:漢
447:若
444:陸
440:(
391:(
160:汉
157:若
154:陆
138:漢
135:若
132:陸
77:)
73:(
20:)
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