239:
317:
980:
941:
902:
863:
824:
785:
746:
707:
668:
204:
165:
122:
86:
367:, however, was also cut off from access to European markets and as such was subjected to Soviet fabric shortages which were common in the 1940s, resulting in a total loss of productivity. It wouldn't be until German occupation in 1941 when the factory was reopened with between 1,500 and 1,600 Estonians working in the factory for the Germans. Fighting during the
36:
1443:
Saag, Lehti; Varul, Liivi; Scheib, Christiana Lyn; Stenderup, Jesper; Allentoft, Morten E; Saag, Lauri; Pagani, Luca; Reidla, Maere; Tambets, Kristiina; Metspalu, Ene; Kriiska, Aivar; Willerslev, Eske; Kivisild, Toomas; Metspalu, Mait (2017). "Extensive
Farming in Estonia Started through a Sex-Biased
379:
was to prioritize the repair and reopening of the
Kreenholm mill. By 1955 the mill had 9,360 employees producing 15,814 tonnes of yarn and 98,014 meters of fabrics per year. The Soviets greatly extended the mill, opening a second planet as well as a finishing mill with several employees receiving
238:
518:
for its residents. As with most other Soviet Dachas, most of the residents of Kudruküla participated in gardening and would sell their produce in one of Narvas 52 gardening cooperatives. The plans for these cottage allotments were never finalized before the
108:
which carry no administrative purpose. Their names and borders are defined as follows: Elektrijaama, Joaoru, Kalevi, Kerese, Kreenholmi, Kudruküla, Kulgu, Olgina, Paemurru, Pähklimäe, Siivertsi, Soldina, Sutthoffi, Vanalinn, and
Veekulgu.
471:, the Kreenholm plant would struggle to meet it's employment capacity and on 17 June 2008 the mill was shuttered. Shortly after the industrial plant was purchased by a private investor to turn into the "Manufacture Cultural Quarter."
579:, Riigi was the site of several battles between Estonian and Soviet forces. In 1922 Riigi had 15 households and 94 inhabitants and a women's society, fire station and public school were built. A monument consisting of a stone
257:, the District sits south of Paul Keres Street which acts as a dividing line between the new and old city, with the old city to the north, and the new city to the south. The district has a notably high concentration of
344:
accounting for 10% of the entire Empire's textile production. The factory would see a major decline in productivity with the establishment of an
Independent Estonia, with employment dropping from 10,400 right before
298:), whose mission statement is to integrate the Russian population of Estonia into Estonian life and has been supporting the replacement of Russian as the first language in public schools in Narva with Estonian.
279:
The district has been at the forefront of
Estonia's effort to integrate its Russian population into speaking Estonian and participating in the Estonian, rather than the Russian, economy, as well as removing the
1268:
463:
in 1995. Borås Wäfveri turned the individual aspects of the factory complex into independent joint-stock companies. Production would peak in 2000 with sales surpassing 1,240 million
623:
pendants and clay idols. The site was immediately noted for its importance due to its status as a coastal Stone Age settlement that was never submerged by the
631:
to effectively locate artifacts. Genetic studies of skeletons dating to 4,300-2,500 BC recovered in the village in 2017 found that they belonged to the
349:
to 1,453 in 1921. Kreenholmi is known for its dense network of industrial architecture developed around the factory which was built with a distinctive
643:. The study found that upon the arrival of the CWC peoples to the region there was a massive influx of non-European admixture, suggesting that the
599:. None of the original structures survived the fighting, with the remains of trenches and shrapnel in the immediate surroundings still persisting.
401:
397:
1340:
1081:
290:, of protecting Russian citizens, from being relevant in Estonia. Kerese district is home to the headquarters of the Integration Foundation (
273:
583:
was made in 1935, however, would be destroyed by Soviet forces in 1941. Riigi during this time was also the site of the densest stretch of
511:
360:
1387:
Tšugai, Alina; Plado, Jüri; Jõeleht, Argo; Kriiska, Aivar; Mustasaar, Mario; Raig, Hanna; Risberg, Jan; Rosentau, Alar (July 2014).
1278:
1104:
72:
54:
415:, the Kreenholm Manufacturing Company became the state run Kreenholm Manufacturing State Enterprise in 1992. The facility produced
272:
with several malls and public transportation connecting it to residential districts. The district is also home to a campus of the
405:
359:
severely limited the industrial capacity of the
Kreenholmi district and Narva as a whole. In 1940, with the establishment of the
523:
and were loosely interpreted by residents. During land reform from 1992 to 2001 the Dachas were given defined borders and then
483:
333:
332:, Kreenholmi is home to powerful waterfalls and rapids, which made the site lucrative for mills. Principle among which was the
311:
1109:
644:
576:
520:
412:
467:, making it the seventh most productive company in Estonia for that year. However, due to cheap labor from Asia due to
287:
1212:
1157:
514:. Kudruküla has always been governed directly from Narva and was intentionally designed as an exclave to offer more
580:
376:
1389:"Ground-penetrating Radar and Geological Study of the Kudruküla Stone Age Archaeological Site, Northeast Estonia"
1393:
1463:
1184:
628:
436:
393:
385:
340:
between 1856 and 1857 and 1884 the complex had four textile mills. The complex was the largest factory in the
1459:
337:
1239:
592:
368:
591:, which would also be destroyed by Soviet forces in 1940. Riigi would be completely destroyed during the
571:
factory in Riigi, however, the factory would be shut down just decades later due to its pollution of the
559:, which, by the end of the 17th century was part of the Kudruküla Manor, a Town Fief of Narva. In 1828 a
572:
460:
381:
1402:
632:
584:
1077:"Concept design of the Narva learning centre of the Estonian Academy of Security Sciences announced"
1076:
316:
1455:
1361:"Results of Archaeological Fieldwork in Narva-Jõesuu in 2009 (with Estonian and Russian summaries)"
636:
619:. Expeditions uncovered a significant amount of bones and ceramics and an unusually high amount of
506:
village also shares this name. The area that would become Kudruküla was set aside in the 1950s for
495:
269:
251:
1418:
475:
265:
575:
and the area remained sparsely populated by sustenance fishers for almost a century. During the
531:
music festival, seeing some 3,000 visitors come to the neighborhood and learn about Dacha life.
1132:
1479:
1336:
1274:
291:
1471:
1410:
1301:
564:
510:, or summer cottage retreats, for the wealthy and politically connected in Narva during the
459:. However, by 1994, Kreenholm would be privatized and would be acquired by the Swedish firm
262:
1446:
612:
548:
1406:
1270:
Landscapes of Affect and
Emotion: Nordic Environmental Humanities and the Emotional Turn
276:
which was the third modern building in Narva designed from an architecture competition.
1503:
560:
479:
464:
389:
341:
979:
940:
901:
862:
823:
784:
745:
706:
667:
203:
164:
121:
1497:
1422:
1388:
1050:"Language policy and practice in general upper secondary education in Narva, Estonia"
640:
624:
528:
468:
371:
rendered the factory complex inoperable with repair costs expected to be 250 million
1365:
1217:
1162:
1054:
616:
596:
588:
364:
356:
350:
104:
503:
494:
One of Narva's two exclaves, the neighborhood is 5.6 km and named after the
556:
499:
346:
329:
282:
1475:
1467:
524:
432:
420:
254:
243:
85:
608:
416:
325:
307:
1483:
539:
From 1808 to 1944 the area which would become Kudruküla was the village of
363:, the Kreenholm Manufacturing Company, which employed 2,172 employees, was
1302:"The fourth edition of Station Narva festival drew nearly 3,000 attendees"
375:. However, one of the first edicts passed by the Central Committee of the
1105:"More than Russian or Estonian: Narva through the eyes of its own people"
648:
515:
258:
1023:
452:
440:
428:
98:
17:
1414:
652:
456:
448:
444:
424:
372:
353:
using red brick. The district acted as the city's
Industrial center.
1049:
1360:
1262:
1260:
45:
provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject
620:
568:
507:
315:
237:
94:
84:
408:
passed the authority of the
Kreenholm plant to the Estonian SSR.
1273:(7 ed.). Studies in Environmental Humanities. p. 57.
974:
935:
896:
857:
818:
779:
740:
701:
662:
198:
159:
116:
29:
527:. From 5–7 August 2021, Kudruküla hosted the fourth annual
1354:
1352:
320:
Clock tower built into a water tower at the
Kreenholm mill
1267:
Häyrynen, Maunu; Häkli, Jouni; Saarinen, Jarkko (2021).
246:, the namesake of Kerese, in one of the district's parks
990:
951:
912:
873:
834:
795:
756:
717:
678:
214:
175:
133:
50:
411:
When Estonia regained independence in 1991 during the
1359:
Nordqvist, Kerkko; Kriiska, Aivar (1 January 2010).
268:
acting as a cultural and commercial hub for Narva's
152:
Elektrijaama is the biggest neighbourhood of Narva.
635:(CCC), which saw signs of intermarriage with the
1185:"Kreenholm area and Kreenholm Textile Factory"
587:constructed by Estonia on its border with the
1207:
1205:
435:towels, and bathrobes which were exported to
250:Named after Estonian national hero and chess
8:
1213:"Kreenholm Manufacturing Company 1940-2010"
1158:"Kreenholm Manufacturing Company 1857-1940"
498:which flows through it, a tributary of the
1133:"Narva, Russia and the Baltic Sea Region"
73:Learn how and when to remove this message
1331:Feršel, Anne-Ly; Tuvi, Eva-Liis (2010).
1326:
1324:
1322:
1015:
482:which compete in the top flight of the
1082:Estonian Academy of Security Sciences
611:dwellings were found in Kudruküla by
396:and would go on to be elected to the
274:Estonian Academy of Security Sciences
55:providing more context for the reader
7:
512:Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
361:Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
25:
1335:. Tartu: Kuru. pp. 146–148.
474:The district is also home to the
380:national recognition, including;
336:, which was constructed by Baron
1103:Vahtla, Aili (4 February 2019).
978:
939:
900:
861:
822:
783:
744:
705:
666:
406:Council of Ministers of the USSR
324:Named after and centered around
202:
163:
120:
34:
607:In the 1960s the remains of 15
484:Estonian football league system
334:Kreenholm Manufacturing Company
312:Kreenholm Manufacturing Company
102:is officially divided into 15
1:
1444:Migration from the Steppe".
645:Proto-Indo-European homeland
577:Estonian War of Independence
521:collapse of the Soviet Union
413:Collapse of the Soviet Union
1520:
1394:Archaeological Prospection
377:Communist Party of Estonia
305:
1476:10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.022
296:Integratsiooni Sihtasutus
1464:University of Copenhagen
629:ground-penetrating radar
603:Archeological importance
394:Hero of Socialist Labour
386:Hero of Socialist Labour
286:Russia cited during its
1460:University of Cambridge
1110:Eesti Rahvusringhääling
1048:Dijckmans, Lorenz R C.
615:, then director of the
338:Johann Ludwig von Knoop
27:Areas of Narva, Estonia
987:This section is empty.
948:This section is empty.
909:This section is empty.
870:This section is empty.
831:This section is empty.
792:This section is empty.
753:This section is empty.
714:This section is empty.
675:This section is empty.
384:, who was awarded the
321:
295:
247:
211:This section is empty.
172:This section is empty.
90:
89:Neighborhoods of Narva
1131:Brüggemann, Karsten.
1024:"Narva linna tanavad"
319:
241:
88:
633:Comb Ceramic culture
585:field fortifications
555:), established as a
1456:University of Tartu
1407:2014ArchP..21..225T
637:Corded Ware culture
402:6th Supreme Soviets
288:invasion of Ukraine
51:improve the article
502:. The neighboring
476:Kreenholmi Stadium
322:
248:
132:. You can help by
91:
1342:978-9949-9057-4-4
1028:vana.narvaplan.ee
1007:
1006:
968:
967:
929:
928:
890:
889:
851:
850:
812:
811:
773:
772:
734:
733:
695:
694:
270:Russian Estonians
231:
230:
192:
191:
150:
149:
83:
82:
75:
16:(Redirected from
1511:
1488:
1487:
1470:: 2185–2193.e6.
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1415:10.1002/arp.1484
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1356:
1347:
1346:
1328:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1264:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1209:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1189:visitestonia.com
1181:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1170:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1036:
1034:
1020:
1002:
999:
989:You can help by
982:
975:
963:
960:
950:You can help by
943:
936:
924:
921:
911:You can help by
904:
897:
885:
882:
872:You can help by
865:
858:
846:
843:
833:You can help by
826:
819:
807:
804:
794:You can help by
787:
780:
768:
765:
755:You can help by
748:
741:
729:
726:
716:You can help by
709:
702:
690:
687:
677:You can help by
670:
663:
581:Cross of Liberty
565:Saint Petersburg
496:Kudruküla stream
461:Borås Wäfveri AB
382:Taisia Marchenko
263:Russian language
226:
223:
213:You can help by
206:
199:
187:
184:
174:You can help by
167:
160:
145:
142:
124:
117:
78:
71:
67:
64:
58:
38:
37:
30:
21:
1519:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1447:Current Biology
1442:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1333:The river Narva
1330:
1329:
1320:
1310:
1308:
1306:stationnarva.ee
1300:
1299:
1295:
1285:
1283:
1281:
1266:
1265:
1258:
1248:
1246:
1238:
1237:
1233:
1223:
1221:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1193:
1191:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1168:
1166:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1141:
1139:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1087:
1085:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1058:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1032:
1030:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1003:
997:
994:
973:
964:
958:
955:
934:
925:
919:
916:
895:
886:
880:
877:
856:
847:
841:
838:
817:
808:
802:
799:
778:
769:
763:
760:
739:
730:
724:
721:
700:
691:
685:
682:
661:
639:(CWC), and the
613:Eldar Efendijev
605:
593:Battle of Narva
573:Tõrvajõgi river
543:(also known as
537:
492:
465:Estonian kroons
369:Battle of Narva
314:
306:Main articles:
304:
236:
227:
221:
218:
197:
188:
182:
179:
158:
146:
140:
137:
130:needs expansion
115:
79:
68:
62:
59:
48:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1517:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1435:
1401:(3): 225–234.
1379:
1348:
1341:
1318:
1293:
1279:
1256:
1244:adventures.com
1231:
1201:
1176:
1149:
1123:
1095:
1068:
1040:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1004:
985:
983:
972:
969:
966:
965:
946:
944:
933:
930:
927:
926:
907:
905:
894:
891:
888:
887:
868:
866:
855:
852:
849:
848:
829:
827:
816:
813:
810:
809:
790:
788:
777:
774:
771:
770:
751:
749:
738:
735:
732:
731:
712:
710:
699:
696:
693:
692:
673:
671:
660:
657:
604:
601:
567:established a
563:merchant from
561:Russian German
536:
533:
491:
488:
480:JK Narva Trans
478:, home of the
404:. In 1985 the
390:Order of Lenin
342:Russian Empire
328:island in the
303:
300:
235:
232:
229:
228:
209:
207:
196:
193:
190:
189:
170:
168:
157:
154:
148:
147:
127:
125:
114:
111:
81:
80:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1516:
1505:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1439:
1436:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1380:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1294:
1282:
1280:9789004470095
1276:
1272:
1271:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1124:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1099:
1096:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1069:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1029:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1009:
1001:
992:
988:
984:
981:
977:
976:
970:
962:
953:
949:
945:
942:
938:
937:
931:
923:
914:
910:
906:
903:
899:
898:
892:
884:
875:
871:
867:
864:
860:
859:
853:
845:
836:
832:
828:
825:
821:
820:
814:
806:
797:
793:
789:
786:
782:
781:
775:
767:
758:
754:
750:
747:
743:
742:
736:
728:
719:
715:
711:
708:
704:
703:
697:
689:
680:
676:
672:
669:
665:
664:
658:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
641:Narva culture
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:Littorina Sea
622:
618:
614:
610:
602:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
534:
532:
530:
529:Station Narva
526:
522:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
489:
487:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
469:globalization
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
352:
348:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
318:
313:
309:
301:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:
277:
275:
271:
267:
264:
260:
256:
253:
245:
240:
233:
225:
216:
212:
208:
205:
201:
200:
194:
186:
177:
173:
169:
166:
162:
161:
155:
153:
144:
135:
131:
128:This section
126:
123:
119:
118:
112:
110:
107:
106:
105:neighborhoods
101:
100:
96:
87:
77:
74:
66:
56:
52:
46:
43:This article
41:
32:
31:
19:
1451:
1445:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1398:
1392:
1382:
1370:. Retrieved
1366:Narva Museum
1364:
1332:
1309:. Retrieved
1305:
1296:
1284:. Retrieved
1269:
1247:. Retrieved
1243:
1234:
1222:. Retrieved
1218:Narva Museum
1216:
1192:. Retrieved
1188:
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1163:Narva Museum
1161:
1152:
1140:. Retrieved
1136:
1126:
1114:. Retrieved
1108:
1098:
1086:. Retrieved
1080:
1071:
1059:. Retrieved
1055:Academia.edu
1053:
1043:
1031:. Retrieved
1027:
1018:
995:
991:adding to it
986:
956:
952:adding to it
947:
917:
913:adding to it
908:
878:
874:adding to it
869:
839:
835:adding to it
830:
800:
796:adding to it
791:
761:
757:adding to it
752:
722:
718:adding to it
713:
683:
679:adding to it
674:
617:Narva Museum
606:
597:World War II
589:Soviet Union
552:
544:
540:
538:
493:
473:
410:
365:nationalized
357:World War II
355:
351:English bond
323:
281:
278:
249:
242:Monument of
219:
215:adding to it
210:
180:
176:adding to it
171:
151:
138:
134:adding to it
129:
113:Elektrijaama
103:
93:
92:
69:
60:
49:Please help
44:
1428:22 December
1372:22 December
1311:22 December
1286:22 December
1249:26 December
1224:26 December
1194:26 December
1169:26 December
1142:26 December
1137:hsozkult.de
1116:26 December
1088:26 December
1061:26 December
627:, allowing
500:Narva river
421:tablecloths
347:World War I
330:Narva River
283:casus belli
252:grandmaster
1468:Cell Press
1010:References
998:March 2020
959:March 2020
920:March 2020
881:March 2020
842:March 2020
803:March 2020
764:March 2020
725:March 2020
686:March 2020
547:or by its
525:privatized
433:terrycloth
302:Kreenholmi
266:gymnasiums
255:Paul Keres
244:Paul Keres
222:March 2020
183:March 2020
141:March 2020
63:March 2020
1423:128561363
893:Sutthoffi
815:Siivertsi
776:Pähklimäe
609:neolithic
545:Riigiküla
504:Kudruküla
490:Kudruküla
417:bed linen
326:Kreenholm
308:Kreenholm
1498:Category
1484:28712569
1033:16 March
971:Veekulgu
932:Vanalinn
737:Paemurru
651:and the
649:Anatolia
516:escapism
429:curtains
292:Estonian
259:Russians
1403:Bibcode
1240:"Narva"
854:Soldina
647:was in
595:during
553:Wasahof
453:Finland
441:Germany
437:America
425:napkins
373:roubles
99:Estonia
1482:
1454:(14).
1421:
1339:
1277:
698:Olgina
653:Levant
549:German
508:Dachas
457:Norway
455:, and
449:Sweden
445:France
392:, and
234:Kerese
195:Kalevi
156:Joaoru
18:Joaoru
1504:Narva
1419:S2CID
659:Kulgu
621:Amber
569:sugar
557:Manor
551:name
541:Riigi
535:Riigi
95:Narva
1480:PMID
1430:2023
1374:2023
1337:ISBN
1313:2023
1288:2023
1275:ISBN
1251:2023
1226:2023
1196:2023
1171:2023
1144:2023
1118:2023
1090:2023
1063:2023
1035:2020
400:and
310:and
261:and
1472:doi
1411:doi
993:.
954:.
915:.
876:.
837:.
798:.
759:.
720:.
681:.
398:5th
217:.
178:.
136:.
53:by
1500::
1478:.
1466::
1462:,
1458:,
1452:27
1450:.
1417:.
1409:.
1399:21
1397:.
1391:.
1363:.
1351:^
1321:^
1304:.
1259:^
1242:.
1215:.
1204:^
1187:.
1160:.
1135:.
1107:.
1079:.
1052:.
1026:.
655:.
486:.
451:,
447:,
443:,
439:,
431:,
427:,
423:,
419:,
388:,
294::
97:,
1486:.
1474::
1432:.
1413::
1405::
1376:.
1345:.
1315:.
1290:.
1253:.
1228:.
1198:.
1173:.
1146:.
1120:.
1092:.
1065:.
1037:.
1000:)
996:(
961:)
957:(
922:)
918:(
883:)
879:(
844:)
840:(
805:)
801:(
766:)
762:(
727:)
723:(
688:)
684:(
224:)
220:(
185:)
181:(
143:)
139:(
76:)
70:(
65:)
61:(
57:.
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
