332:
412:
445:
troops to withdraw behind the biscuit boxes, which left the western half of the station in Zulu hands, including the hospital, which was subsequently set alight by the attackers. Once inside, Chard ordered the construction of a redoubt made from a tall pyramid of mealie bags to provide shelter to the wounded and form the last line of defence. The Zulus continued to attack in intermittent waves during the night, but they were illuminated by the burning thatch, which enabled the defenders to spot their advances. By 5 am, the exhausted Zulus had abandoned the attack, and
British reinforcements arrived later that morning. Chard counted 351 dead Zulus scattered around the perimeter. The British suffered 17 killed and 10 wounded.
509:
1296:
441:, which contained some 3,000–4,000 men, was sighted advancing on their position. This caused the NNC troops to panic and desert the station, reducing the number of defenders from around 350 to approximately 140 (including 30 sick and wounded). Chard immediately ordered an additional barricade of biscuit boxes to be built across the inner perimeter to provide a smaller fall-back area should the Zulus overwhelm a part of the thinly manned perimeter.
115:
95:
653:, which depicted the defence of Rorke's Drift. Baker acquired Chard's campaign medal and a "cast copy" of his Victoria Cross at an auction in 1972; they were sold by his family after his death in 1976. However, in 1996 the Victoria Cross was discovered to be the original rather than a copy after its metallic characteristics were compared with the bronze ingot from which all Victoria Crosses are cast. The medal was subsequently acquired by
605:
45:
404:
Isandlwana, Chard had witnessed a Zulu army approaching the camp in the distance and upon his return to the Drift at about 1 pm, he informed
Spalding of the situation. Spalding decided to depart the Drift to hurry British reinforcements en route from Helpmekaar, but before he left, he checked a copy of the
524:, who thought the desperate defence of the Rorke's Drift was merely a case of "rats for their lives which they could not otherwise save", presented Chard with his VC on 16 July. Likely influenced by Wood, he subsequently said of Chard that a "more uninteresting or more stupid-looking fellow I never saw".
576:
While stationed in Perth, Chard—a lifelong pipe smoker—was diagnosed with cancer of the tongue. He underwent two operations: the second—which took place in March 1897—resulted in the removal of his tongue but despite this it was reported that he could still converse clearly. However, by August it was
500:
The
Lieutenant-General commanding the troops reports that, had it not been for the fine example and excellent behaviour of these two Officers under the most trying circumstances, the defence of Rorke's Drift post would not have been conducted with that intelligence and tenacity which so essentially
487:
THE Queen has been graciously pleased to signify Her intention to confer the decoration of the
Victoria Cross on the undermentioned Officers and Soldiers of Her Majesty's Army, whose claims have been submitted for Her Majesty's approval, for their gallant conduct in the defence of Rorke's Drift, on
444:
The first waves of Zulu assault were repulsed by
British volley fire, but the attackers pushed on relentlessly, particularly along a vulnerable section of the British perimeter by the hospital which became the centre of fierce hand-to-hand combat. With British casualties mounting, Chard ordered his
516:
Some of Chard and
Bromhead's superiors, however, were resentful of the adulation bestowed on the pair. Wood took a particular dislike to his new subordinate. Unimpressed with his temperament and sceptical of his role in the battle, he denounced Chard as a "useless officer" and "a dull, heavy man,
426:
Unconcerned by the presence of the Zulus nearby, Chard returned to his tent by the river crossing, but he was soon after disturbed by two NNC officers on horseback who informed him that the camp at
Isandlwana had been overwhelmed and annihilated by the Zulus. Returning to the station, Chard found
619:
Among the numerous messages of sympathy and floral tributes was a wreath of laurel leaves sent by the Queen, who had remained in contact with Chard and frequently enquired about his health. The wreath bore the handwritten inscription "A mark of admiration and regard for a brave soldier from his
403:
10 miles (16 km) to the east, where
Chelmsford had set up an advanced camp for his main invasion column which had marched into Zulu territory two weeks before. However, when he arrived Chard was informed that only his men were required and that he should return to Rorke's Drift. While at
379:
used as a staging post for the
British invasion force. It consisted of two thatched bungalows about 30 metres (98 ft) apart—the western building was used as a hospital, and the eastern building had been converted into a storehouse. Garrisoned at the Drift were Chelmsford's
453:
Chard remained at Rorke's Drift for several weeks after the battle and assisted with the construction of a new stone perimeter wall. However, conditions at the camp were poor; Chard became ill with fever and was taken to
331:
256:. After a series of overseas postings he took up his final position in Perth, Scotland. He retired from the army as a colonel in 1897 after he was diagnosed with terminal cancer and died at his brother's home in
1066:
1152:
462:'s column for the second invasion of the Zulu kingdom. Meanwhile, Chard's report of the battle had been dispatched to England and received with enthusiasm by the British press and public.
1321:
435:
bags to construct a defensive perimeter between the storehouse and hospital. Chard consented and by 4 pm the hastily constructed perimeter was complete. Soon afterwards, the Zulu
408:
which confirmed that Chard was senior to
Bromhead. Therefore, Chard, a "notoriously relaxed" man with no combat experience, was unexpectedly placed in command of the small garrison.
1331:
1326:
676:. Instituted by Queen Elizabeth II in 1952, the Medal and the Decoration were awarded for 12 years and 20 years service respectively until 2003 when they were superseded by the
207:, the highest military decoration for valour "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to members of the British armed forces. He earned the decoration for his role in the
504:
The Lieutenant-General adds, that its success must, in a great degree, be attributable to the two young Officers who exercised the Chief Command on the occasion in question.
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on 21 December 1847 to William Wheaton Chard and his wife Jane Brimacombe. He had two brothers and four sisters. His elder brother William Wheaton Chard served with the
1361:
411:
589:
399:
Chard's group arrived on 19 January and set up camp near the crossing. On the morning of 22 January, he received an order that his sappers were required at
569:
in December 1892 and received a promotion to lieutenant colonel. He returned to England in 1896 and took up his final post as Commanding Royal Engineer at
211:
in January 1879 where he assumed command of the outpost and a small garrison of 139 soldiers and successfully repulsed an assault by some 3,000 to 4,000
1162:
356:
491:
For their gallant conduct at the defence of Rorke's Drift, on the occasion of the attack by the Zulus on the 22nd and 23rd January, 1879.
1341:
521:
1264:
1241:
584:
After two weeks of "terrible suffering", Chard died on 1 November 1897. He was unmarried. He was buried in the churchyard by the south east
1195:
561:
in December 1881. His brevet majority was substantiated on 17 July 1886 and he returned to England in March 1887 to take up a position in
518:
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in October 1879 was greeted with celebration. In addition to a series of presentations and dinners bestowed in his honour, he attended
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709:
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359:, commander of the British forces in southern Africa, for an additional unit of engineers to assist with preparations for the
477:, the highest decoration for valour that could be awarded to British troops. The citation for the award was published in the
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sovereign". In 1899 a stained glass memorial window dedicated to Chard was installed in the south wall of the church's
208:
163:
363:. After their arrival on 5 January, Chard was dispatched with a small group of sappers to repair and maintain the
319:
to assist with the improvement of the island's sea defences. He returned to England in 1876 where he was based at
276:, rising to the rank of colonel, and his younger brother Charles Edward Chard became rector of a parish church in
285:
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455:
148:
677:
393:
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252:. At the end of the war he returned to a hero's welcome in the UK and was invited to an audience with
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311:, along with Lieutenant HP Knacker, in 1870 to construct fortifications at the Naval Dockyard near
991:
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707:
Vetch, R.; Jones, M. (3 January 2008). "Chard, John Rouse Merriott (1847–1897), army officer".
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and Plymouth New Grammar School, and after a period of private tuition he enrolled at the
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81:
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discovered the cancer was terminal and Chard retired to his brother Charles' rectory at
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and returned to England four years later for his father's funeral. He was then sent to
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2nd Battalion 24th Regiment Lieutenant (now Captain and Brevet Major) G. Bromhead
488:
the occasion of the attack by the Zulus, as recorded against their names, viz.:—
364:
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in July 1868. He was involved with the construction of fortifications in the
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320:
657:, owner of the world's largest collection of VCs, and is on display at the
636:, Kent, commemorates Chard's leadership at Rorke's Drift and includes the
248:(two years) before he was deployed to southern Africa at the start of the
585:
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Royal Engineers Lieutenant (now Captain and Brevet Major) J. R. M. Chard
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26:
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422:(1879). Chard is shown on the right of the painting in pale trousers.
351:
On 2 December 1878, the 5th Company Royal Engineers were sent to the
299:
On 14 July 1868, Chard received a commission as a lieutenant in the
603:
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330:
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and Chatham, and was assigned to the 5th Company Royal Engineers.
316:
245:
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major and awarded him and 10 other defenders of the station with
624:. Another memorial donated by the Royal Engineers was placed in
512:
Wolseley presenting the Victoria Cross to Chard at Inkwenke Camp
437:
344:(1880). Chard is shown in the centre directing the defence with
212:
664:
Chard was commemorated by the South African military with the
550:, who was impressed by his modest and unassuming demeanour.
375:. A short distance downstream was Rorke's Drift, an isolated
1253:
Zulu Rising: The Epic Story of Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift
573:, Scotland, and was promoted to colonel on 8 January 1897.
458:
for treatment. Once recovered he was attached to Colonel
384:, Major Henry Spalding, a company of the 2nd Battalion
1153:"Lord Ashcroft interview: Our bravest of the brave"
176:
154:
144:
134:
126:
106:
88:
71:
51:
23:
535:and remained in Africa until the end of the war.
1322:Anglo-Zulu War recipients of the Victoria Cross
485:
1332:British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross
1119:. Vol. 1. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
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8:
1327:British Army personnel of the Anglo-Zulu War
864:
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797:
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793:
791:
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713:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
371:which ran along the border of Natal and the
469:subsequently promoted Chard to captain and
199:(21 December 1847 – 1 November 1897) was a
1294:
1198:. October 2006. p. 14. Archived from
236:in Woolwich and was commissioned into the
43:
20:
754:"Lieutenant John Rouse Merriott Chard VC"
431:had already instructed the troops to use
307:for the next two years. He was posted to
1337:British recipients of the Victoria Cross
1284:(biography, photos and memorial details)
410:
1362:Military personnel from Plymouth, Devon
710:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
692:
517:scarcely able to do his regular work".
215:. The battle was recreated in the film
702:
700:
698:
696:
449:Victoria Cross, later career and death
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672:which were awarded to members of the
7:
1130:Visually Impaired Person Awareness.
531:during the decisive victory at the
367:at one of the few crossings of the
1105:"Chard, John Rouse Merriott"
557:in January 1880 and was posted to
427:Bromhead and Assistant Commissary
420:Alphonse-Marie-Adolphe de Neuville
14:
1292:National Portrait Gallery, London
1161:. 16 October 2010. Archived from
647:portrayed Chard in the 1964 film
590:The Church of St John the Baptist
527:Chard was present in the British
392:, and a large company of the 3rd
1115:Dictionary of National Biography
682:Emblem for Reserve Force Service
221:in which Chard was portrayed by
113:
93:
1067:"Why visit Rochester Cathedral"
268:Chard was born at Boxhill near
16:Recipient of the Victoria Cross
355:in response to a request from
303:and continued his training at
1:
1342:Deaths from cancer in England
727:UK public library membership
416:The defence of Rorke's Drift
361:invasion of the Zulu Kingdom
337:The Defence of Rorke's Drift
1234:Cassell Military Paperbacks
995:. 2 May 1879. p. 3177.
1378:
553:Chard returned to duty at
1282:John Rouse Merriott Chard
1080:. October 2011. p. 9
286:Cheltenham Grammar School
192:John Rouse Merriott Chard
42:
31:John Rouse Merriott Chard
1352:Royal Engineers officers
1228:Greaves, Adrian (2002).
1132:"Royal Engineers Museum"
388:commanded by Lieutenant
209:defence of Rorke's Drift
149:Corps of Royal Engineers
1347:Deaths from oral cancer
1288:Portraits of John Chard
1185:"Chard medals returned"
678:Medalje vir Troue Diens
640:he used in the battle.
394:Natal Native Contingent
164:Battle of Rorke's Drift
1100:Robert Hamilton, Vetch
760:. 2009. Archived from
758:Royal Engineers Museum
630:Royal Engineers Museum
616:
614:Royal Engineers Museum
513:
506:
423:
348:
290:Royal Military Academy
234:Royal Military Academy
1196:Department of Defence
1192:South African Soldier
922:Greaves (pp. 118–120)
913:Greaves (pp. 115–117)
719:10.1093/ref:odnb/5137
666:John Chard Decoration
607:
511:
414:
386:24th Regiment of Foot
382:quartermaster general
334:
326:
284:. He was educated at
244:(three years) and at
232:, Chard attended the
127:Years of service
1251:Knight, Ian (2010).
1078:Diocese of Rochester
1047:Greaves (pp.232–233)
877:Knight (pp. 561–562)
565:. He was ordered to
538:His arrival back in
201:British Army officer
1357:Burials in Somerset
1158:The Daily Telegraph
967:Knight (pp.650–652)
659:Imperial War Museum
628:. A display at the
626:Rochester Cathedral
522:Sir Garnet Wolseley
84:, Somerset, England
992:The London Gazette
617:
612:on display at the
519:Lieutenant-General
514:
501:characterised it.
424:
349:
342:Elizabeth Thompson
1266:978-0-330-44593-1
1243:978-0-3043-6641-5
725:(Subscription or
390:Gonville Bromhead
260:later that year.
203:who received the
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1117:(1st supplement)
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670:John Chard Medal
533:Battle of Ulundi
475:Victoria Crosses
242:Bermuda Garrison
198:
169:Battle of Ulundi
119:
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108:
99:
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67:, Devon, England
62:21 December 1847
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1205:on 13 July 2016
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638:Webley Revolver
610:Webley Revolver
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594:Hatch Beauchamp
579:Hatch Beauchamp
544:Balmoral Castle
483:on 2 May 1879:
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377:mission station
357:Lord Chelmsford
353:Colony of Natal
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301:Royal Engineers
278:Hatch Beauchamp
274:Royal Fusiliers
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238:Royal Engineers
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82:Hatch Beauchamp
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75:1 November 1897
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1207:. Retrieved
1200:the original
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1167:. Retrieved
1163:the original
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1135:. Retrieved
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373:Zulu Kingdom
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155:Battles/wars
121:British Army
77:(1897-11-01)
18:
1317:1897 deaths
1312:1847 births
1110:Lee, Sidney
987:"No. 24717"
460:Evelyn Wood
1306:Categories
1221:References
1209:2 February
1169:2 February
1137:3 February
1084:2 February
768:2 February
729:required.)
661:, London.
634:Gillingham
540:Portsmouth
467:War Office
401:Isandlwana
264:Early life
228:Born near
89:Allegiance
58:1847-12-21
1257:Macmillan
567:Singapore
555:Devonport
456:Ladysmith
406:Army List
321:Aldershot
130:1868–1897
1102:(1901).
680:and the
668:and the
608:Chard's
586:transept
346:Bromhead
313:Hamilton
294:Woolwich
282:Somerset
270:Plymouth
258:Somerset
230:Plymouth
107:Service/
65:Plymouth
1290:at the
1112:(ed.).
622:chancel
563:Preston
396:(NNC).
309:Bermuda
305:Chatham
189:Colonel
139:Colonel
27:Colonel
1263:
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723:
600:Legacy
559:Cyprus
529:square
471:brevet
433:mealie
177:Awards
118:
109:branch
98:
1203:(PDF)
1188:(PDF)
1108:. In
1070:(PDF)
688:Notes
571:Perth
365:punts
317:Malta
246:Malta
1261:ISBN
1238:ISBN
1211:2013
1171:2013
1139:2018
1086:2013
770:2013
650:Zulu
465:The
438:impi
218:Zulu
145:Unit
135:Rank
72:Died
52:Born
715:doi
632:in
592:in
588:of
418:by
340:by
292:in
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196:VC
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