261:
Griffiths), was their biological son. This relationship was well known and acknowledged by both family (including his half-sister
Annabella Hungerford in particular) and local villages alike. In recognition of this relationship John's first issue male descendants, to this day, have the names Houghton, Monckton and/or Milnes included in their names. Also, Gladden states that Crewe contracted a second bigamous marriage in 1820, which was carried out at the chapel at the family seat of
205:
237:
361:
38:
368:
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The most extraordinary feature in this case ... is, that
General Crewe preferred to remain for five months and a half in prison, and to sacrifice in the expenses of suit a sum much larger than the pretended debt, rather than pay to Brunet a sum which he did not owe. This ... is one of those causes
200:
Frances Burney described him in the early 1790s as "a silent and reserved, but, I think, sensible young man". Local historian Ray
Gladden describes him at the time of his entrance into the army as "high spirited", accruing gambling debts that his father had to pay off by selling land. One of his
260:
According to
Gladden, the marriage was not a happy one. On 15 September 1813, in Byford, Herefordshire, an illegitimate son was born to Crewe. Discreet arrangements were made with a childless local couple, John and Ann Griffiths, to claim that this child, named John (later to become Rev. John
268:
Henrietta Crewe died in 1820, aged 48. The couple's three surviving children, aged between six and eleven, became wards of court, and lived with Lord Crewe at Crewe Hall. Hungerford Crewe was eccentric as a child and is said to have seen little of his father. A family history written by
333:
in 1851. His older daughter, Henrietta, moved to
Belgium to live with her father, and subsequently converted to Roman Catholicism. She returned to England after her father's death and never married, maintaining an establishment for many years in the grounds of Prior Park, Bath.
244:
On 5 May 1807, he married
Henrietta Maria Anna Walker-Hungerford, daughter of George Walker and Henrietta Maria Keate Walker. She was the heiress to a substantial fortune derived from her father's family's Barbados sugar plantations. She was a first cousin of
281:
Following the abolition of slavery in 1833, Crewe was one of those awarded compensation by
Parliament for the loss of his "property" at Four Hills and The Rock, sugar plantation estates on Barbados that he had acquired through his wife.
141:
to China, and rose to the rank of
General. Becoming estranged from the majority of his family, he spent much of his life in self-imposed exile on the Continent. He is perhaps best known for a painting of him as a child by
309:
On his father's death in 1829, he became the second Baron Crewe. Gladden states that his father cut him out of his will, so far as was possible. Crewe Hall and the rental income from the Crewe family's large estates in
228:, who was his mother's cousin. Crewe rose to the rank of Major-General in 1808, Lieutenant-General in 1813 and full General in 1830, before retiring in 1831. He lost the sight in one eye during active service.
386:
Quarterly, 1st and 4th Azure a lion rampant Argent (Crewe), 2nd and 3rd Argent a cross couped, the points terminating in fleurs-de-lis Azure and charged in the centre with a lion passant guardant Or (Offley).
178:, was a political hostess known for her great beauty and wit. His younger sister, Elizabeth Emma (1780–1850), married Foster Cunliffe-Offley; two other siblings, Richard and Frances, did not survive infancy.
253:(her mother was Smithson's aunt). The couple had four children: three daughters, Henrietta Mary (1808–79), Maria Hungerford (who died in infancy) and Annabella Hungerford (1814–1874), and a son,
290:
Crewe lived abroad for many years while he was in the army and after his retirement. In 1817, he was imprisoned in France after being falsely accused of owing 23,945 francs to a hotel-keeper.
922:
912:
197:
commented: "Is not there humour and satire in Sir Joshua's reducing
Holbein's swaggering and colossal haughtiness of Henry VIII to the boyish jollity of Master Crewe?"
193:. The portrait is considered among the artist's finest portrayals of children, and has been described as "one of Reynolds' freshest attempts at comedy painting".
392:
Dexter a lion Argent gorged with a plain collar Azure charged with three roses Or, sinister a griffin Sable beaked and membered Or wings elevated Argent.
270:
380:
1st Out of a ducal coronet Or a lion's jamb erect Argent (Crewe) 2nd a demi-lion rampant guardant Or holding in the paws a slip of olive Proper (Offley)
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Lord Crewe never subsequently lived at Crewe Hall. By this date he was living at the chateau Bois l'-Evèque, near
171:
126:
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75:
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were inherited by his sister, Elizabeth
Cunliffe-Offley. Small bequests were left to John Crewe's daughters.
330:
250:
220:
Crewe entered the army in the 1790s. In 1793, when he held the rank of a lieutenant, he was a member of the
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186:
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daughters later remembered that he claimed his total debts were never above £80,000, then a huge sum.
907:
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and officiated over by a billiard-maker. This second marriage resulted in an illegitimate daughter.
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37:
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137:(bap. 1772 – 4 December 1835) was an English soldier and a peer. He formed part of the
236:
182:
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43:
743:
The Lost World of James Smithson: Science, Revolution, and the Birth of the Smithsonian
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in Belgium. His younger daughter, Annabella, went to live with the Cunliffe-Offleys in
246:
345:. Hungerford Crewe inherited Crewe Hall and the Crewe family estates two years later.
896:
315:
507:
456:
805:"Davenport-Hines R. Milnes, Richard Monckton, first Baron Houghton (1809–1885)".
670:
653:
874:
167:
806:
367:
492:
441:
338:
262:
159:
755:
475:
424:
341:, Cheshire, where the family chapel is located. He was succeeded by his son,
292:
273:, states that John Crewe regarded his only son with "nothing but contempt."
544:
329:, resulting in a permanent breach between her and her father. She married
322:
311:
781:
Anon. (6 November 1817). "General Crewe, and Brunet the Tavern-Keeper".
567:
Wind, Edgar (1938), "Borrowed attitudes" in Reynolds and Hogarth,
473:"Salmon E. Crewe, Frances Anne, Lady Crewe (bap. 1748, d. 1818)".
235:
203:
658:. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. pp. 323–324.
305:
which may serve to fix our opinion as to the English character.
655:
Barthomley: In Letters from a Former Rector to his Eldest Son
710:
co-heiress by her mother's father's family of the estate of
366:
359:
185:
in a pose and costume that mimic the well-known portrait of
583:(Warnum, ed.), Vol. I, p. xvii, 1888. Quoted in Wind, 1938.
337:
Lord Crewe died at Bois l'Evèque in 1835, and is buried at
522:"Sir Joshua Reynolds: Master Crewe as Henry VIII, c.1775"
672:
An Embassy to China: Lord Macartney's Journal, 1793–1794
422:"Davis RW. Crewe, John, first Baron Crewe (1742–1829)".
16:
British Army general, art collector/dealer (1772–1835)
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722:
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468:
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118:
107:
81:
71:
59:
51:
23:
487:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
474:
436:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
423:
417:
415:
398:Sequor Nec Inferior (I Follow Not As An Inferior)
696:Anon. (27 April 1831). "War Office, April 26".
302:
546:Encyclopædia Britannica Online Library Edition
923:British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
626:The Crewes of Crewe Hall: A Family and a Home
208:The embassy meeting the Emperor of China, by
181:As a child in around 1775, he was painted by
8:
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645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
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354:Coat of arms of John Crewe, 2nd Baron Crewe
913:Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
854:
352:
271:Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe
36:
20:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
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624:Gladden, Ray (2011). Park, Jerry (ed.).
808:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
484:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
433:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
411:
353:
87:Henrietta Maria Anna Walker-Hungerford
166:politician who was created the first
7:
760:Legacies of British Slavery database
830:Anon. (11 December 1835). "Died".
14:
669:Cranmer-Byng, J. L., ed. (2000).
249:, the founding benefactor of the
42:"Master Crewe as Henry VIII", by
581:Anecdotes of Painting in England
569:Journal of the Warburg Institute
811:. Oxford University Press. 2004
675:. Routledge. pp. 24, 115.
97:
1:
859:Peerage of the United Kingdom
712:George Hungerford (1637–1712)
508:UK public library membership
457:UK public library membership
296:quotes the French newspaper
732:, p. 28 (Medica Packaging).
652:Hinchliffe, Edward (1856).
599:(Vol. III), p. 155 (Moxon).
135:John Crewe, 2nd Baron Crewe
123:John Crewe, 1st Baron Crewe
944:
881:
872:
864:
857:
549:. Encyclopædia Britannica
35:
597:Memoirs of Doctor Burney
543:"Reynolds, Sir Joshua".
191:Hans Holbein the Younger
76:Kingdom of Great Britain
741:Ewing, Heather (2007).
331:Richard Monckton Milnes
251:Smithsonian Institution
745:, p. 352 (Bloomsbury).
371:
364:
307:
241:
212:
918:British Army generals
728:Gladden, Ray (2005).
493:10.1093/ref:odnb/6690
442:10.1093/ref:odnb/6691
370:
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239:
232:Marriage and children
207:
170:in 1806. His mother,
154:Crewe was the son of
139:first British embassy
127:Frances Anne Greville
928:English slave owners
756:"Hon. John O. Crewe"
730:Calmic at Crewe Hall
26:The Right Honourable
355:
277:Wealth from slavery
183:Sir Joshua Reynolds
144:Sir Joshua Reynolds
44:Sir Joshua Reynolds
372:
365:
242:
213:
174:, the daughter of
172:Frances Anne Crewe
891:
890:
882:Succeeded by
846:Debrett's Peerage
682:978-0-415-19006-0
628:. pp. 33–39.
506:(Subscription or
455:(Subscription or
404:
403:
224:to China, led by
222:Macartney Embassy
210:William Alexander
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67:(aged 62–63)
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885:Hungerford Crewe
865:Preceded by
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834:. p. 4.
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298:The Moniteur
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162:, a wealthy
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65:(1835-12-04)
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908:1835 deaths
903:1772 births
875:Baron Crewe
815:15 February
571:2: 182–185.
498:12 February
286:Life abroad
257:(1812–94).
216:Army career
168:Baron Crewe
72:Nationality
897:Categories
879:1829–1835
868:John Crewe
553:26 January
510:required.)
459:required.)
407:References
389:Supporters
383:Escutcheon
339:Barthomley
263:Crewe Hall
255:Hungerford
240:Crewe Hall
187:Henry VIII
160:Crewe Hall
156:John Crewe
150:Early life
113:Hungerford
832:The Times
783:The Times
698:The Times
293:The Times
119:Parent(s)
46:(c. 1775)
595:(1832).
528:22 March
447:12 March
312:Cheshire
108:Children
848:. 1862.
766:7 March
327:Madeley
102:
94:
90:
679:
504:
453:
82:Spouse
762:. UCL
395:Motto
377:Crest
323:Liège
96:(
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817:2009
768:2022
677:ISBN
555:2009
530:2024
500:2009
477:ODNB
449:2008
426:ODNB
349:Arms
314:and
164:Whig
60:Died
55:1772
52:Born
489:doi
438:doi
189:by
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98:m.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
