110:, published in 1695, advocates the establishment of a "College of Industry", a self-sufficient co-operative settlement for the poor – those who depend on their work or on charity for their living. Bellers argued that it was in the responsibility of the rich to take care of the poor and their education.
113:
Bellers dedicated the first edition to his fellow
Quakers, although the college was to be a civil fellowship rather than a religious one. The first edition of the tract ends with an appeal for funding – "An Epistle to Friends Concerning the education of Children" – in favour of the college, signed by
60:
was a close friend. He married a fellow Quaker, Frances
Fettiplace, in 1686, and they had six children between the years 1687 and 1695, although one died shortly after birth. From 1695 to his death in 1725, he was continually involved in writing innovative articles on social issues, including
47:
Francis
Bellers and Mary Read. Unable to attend a university or join a profession as a result of his religion, John was educated as an apprentice cloth merchant. He rapidly became active in meetings and in the Quaker community as a whole, purchasing 10,000 acres (40 km) of land in
156:, quoting Bellers' argument that "the labour of the poor is the mines of the rich". Bellers is also quoted in a footnote in Chapter 23 of the book; "Labour is as proper for the body's health as eating is for its living Labour adds oil to the lamp of life when thinking inflames it".
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The combination of agriculture and manufacture would enable self-sufficiency and even profit. Bellers argued that if all "the present idle hands of the poor of this nation" were put to work, it would bring
England "as much treasure as the mines give to Spain".
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The plans for the education of children at the college were ahead of their time. Practice and experience were to be valued over learning through dictation. Bellers created the combination of learning and work as a way of preventing idleness.
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state, and an argument for the abolition of capital punishment, which means punishment due to slavery, making him "the first
European advocate of the abolition of capital punishment". He became a
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190:, published in 1714, Bellers advocated a national system of hospitals, which were to treat the poor and act as training schools for new doctors.
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saw
Bellers as a precursor of socialism, if not communism, highlighting his argument for valuing goods according to labour, not money.
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Essays about the poor, Manufactures, Trade, Plantations and
Immorality, and of the Excellency and Divinity of Inward Light
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Richard Hutton's complaints book: The notebook of the
Steward of the Quaker workhouse at Clerkenwell, 1711–1737
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An abstract of George Fox's Advice and
Warning To the Magistrates of London in the year 1657...
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415:"Chapter 17: John Bellers, champion of the poor and advocate of a League of Nations"
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134:. The second edition (1696) was dedicated to Parliament. The Quaker Workhouse at
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Cromwell and
Communism Socialism And Democracy in the Great English Revolution
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Proposals for Raising a College of Industry of All Useful Trades and Husbandry
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Proposals for Raising a College of Industry of All Useful Trades and Husbandry
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Proposals for Raising a College of Industry of All Useful Trades and Husbandry
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acknowledged their resemblance to the community he himself had created at
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Some Reasons for an European State proposed to the Powers of Europe...
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An Epistle to Friends of the Yearly, Quarterly, and Monthly Meetings
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559:. Vol. 4. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 190–192.
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An Essay towards the Ease of Elections of Members of Parliament
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education, health sector, care for the poor, support for
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449:
Hitchcock, Tim (2004). "Bellers, John (1654–1725)".
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was established in 1702 as a result of his efforts.
484:. Institute of Historical Research. pp. 7–23
114:about forty-five leading Quakers. They included
162:read the proposals in 1817, and in a letter to
8:
455:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
423:(Reprinted ed.). Nottingham: Spokesman.
353:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
504:Belasco, Philip S. (1925). "John Bellers".
431:John Bellers: his life, times, and writings
347:Leachman, Caroline L. "Marshall, Charles".
172:. He had 1,000 copies reprinted that year.
101:Proposals for Raising a College of Industry
396:
334:
300:
242:An Essay for Employing the Poor to Profit
452:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
350:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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194:saw in this essay an anticipation of a
56:refugees and for many other purposes .
285:
273:
7:
609:British anti–death penalty activists
382:(Reprint, Headley bros., n.d) p. 22.
476:Hitchcock, Timothy V., ed. (1987).
538:John Bellers, 1654–1675 (A Memoir)
150:mentions Bellers in Chapter 25 of
14:
614:English male non-fiction writers
556:Dictionary of National Biography
235:About the Improvement of Physick
188:About the Improvement of Physick
181:About the Improvement of Physick
19:(1654 – 8 February 1725) was an
314:"Library and Archive Catalogue"
1:
589:English educational theorists
80:in 1725 he was buried in the
604:Fellows of the Royal Society
469:UK public library membership
434:. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
428:Clarke, George, ed. (1987).
367:UK public library membership
413:Bernstein, Eduard (1980) .
71:Fellow of the Royal Society
635:
84:, Bunhill Fields. His son
584:Burials at Bunhill Fields
23:educational theorist and
196:national health service
619:British male essayists
545:Watt, Francis (1885).
380:Industry brings plenty
359:10.1093/ref:odnb/18130
461:10.1093/ref:odnb/2050
82:Quaker Burying Ground
94:philosophical writer
39:Bellers was born in
88:(1687–1750) was a
86:Fettiplace Bellers
73:in February 1719.
599:English essayists
467:(Subscription or
365:(Subscription or
126:, John Hodgskin,
43:, the son of the
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192:Eduard Bernstein
174:Eduard Bernstein
132:Charles Marshall
76:On his death in
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594:English Quakers
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551:Stephen, Leslie
547:"Bellers, John"
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518:10.2307/2548075
512:(14): 165–174.
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498:Further reading
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478:"Introduction"
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116:William Penn
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58:William Penn
52:in 1685 for
50:Pennsylvania
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28:
27:, author of
17:John Bellers
16:
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579:1725 deaths
574:1654 births
320:12 December
286:Clarke 1987
274:Clarke 1987
160:Robert Owen
153:Das Kapital
136:Clerkenwell
568:Categories
540:. Cassell.
488:12 January
471:required.)
407:References
369:required.)
170:New Lanark
506:Economica
165:The Times
148:Karl Marx
90:dramatist
536:(1935).
67:European
63:refugees
54:Huguenot
31:(1695).
553:(ed.).
526:2548075
21:English
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256:(1724)
250:(1724)
244:(1723)
238:(1714)
230:(1712)
224:(1710)
218:(1699)
212:(1696)
78:London
45:Quaker
41:London
25:Quaker
549:. In
522:JSTOR
261:Notes
202:Works
490:2012
436:ISBN
322:2010
130:and
92:and
35:Life
514:doi
457:doi
355:doi
186:In
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520:.
510:14
508:.
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387:^
293:^
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