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In 1901, aged 16 or 17, Graudenz left the family home after a quarrel with the father, to work in various German cities before travelling to
England via Italy, France and Switzerland. He worked as a waiter, tourist guide and hotel manager and learned a number of different languages before arriving in
288:
Graudenz became one of the core members of the group and was considered by
Schulze-Boysen as one of his most valuable informants, who had many contacts in the German aviation industry. As well as providing intelligence for the group, Graudenz's skills led to the production of a large number of
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textile magazine owner and businessman with good contacts in
Switzerland became known to Schulze-Boysen. Schulze-Boysen asked Graudenz to establish a link with a contact in Switzerland through Melliand and both Graudenz and Melliand agreed. The Melliand contact was tried in August 1942 when
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Shulze-Boysen instructed
Graudenz to ask Melliand to make the trip. The complete schedule of operations of the convoy was included in the intelligence report. However, the report did not reach England as Melliand was unable to obtain a permit for the trip.
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who also owned a lacquer and paint wholesaler. Graudenz became one the members of the anti-fascist resistance group of friends that was led by
Schulze-Boysen and that would be later be named by the Gestapo as the
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along with a group of journalists where they discovered the desolate and famine-stricken state of the Soviet Union. The
Russians were angered by the photographs taken while on the cruise and expelled Graudenz.
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From 1932, Graudenz worked as an industrial representative. Later during the interwar period and into the war, he worked in a similar position where he sold brake parts for
Luftwaffe aircraft.
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181:. At the time Graudenz worked in the information office of the coup's opponents and became a comrade-in-arms of the opponents of the coup and for a short time was a member of the
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against the Nazi regime. Graudenz was most notable for being an important member of the Berlin-based anti-fascist resistance group that would later be named by the
Gestapo as the
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Graudenz was married three times and also had an illegitimate daughter. In 1925, he married
Antonie Wasmuth (died 1985), his third wife. She was the daughter of art publisher
418:, both John's daughters and his wife were also arrested on the same day. The 2nd senate of the Reichskriegsgericht sentenced his wife, Antonie Graudenz, on 12 February 1943
347:. His most important report that he obtained through Hans Gerhard Henniger, an air ministry inspector was the Luftwaffe aircraft production figures for June to August 1942.
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i.e. the High
Command of the Wehrmacht, ordered strangulation. This was against all the traditions and regulations of the Prussian-German military and civil courts as a
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several British codebooks that enabled them to chart the routes of several Allied convoys between Iceland and Northern Russia and were planning a large attack involving
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366:(German original title "Das Sowjet-Paradies"), with the express purpose of preparing the German people for the invasion of the Soviet Union.
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Graudenz continued to produce political, military and economic reports for the resistance group. Graudenz worked for the firm, Blumhardt of
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propaganda leaflets and pamphlets for the group. In February 1942, Graudenz organised the preparation and production of the leaflet called
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on 19 December 1942. Without the verdict gaining legal force under the Nazi laws, he was hanged on 22 December 1942 in the
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Graudenz was the initiator the campaign to post adhesive sticker across five Berlin neighbourhoods containing the message:
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and was responsible for the technical aspect of the production of leaflets and pamphlets that the group produced.
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127:(12 November 1884 – 22 December 1942) was a German journalist, press photographer, industrial representative and
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The Rote Kapelle: the CIA's history of Soviet intelligence and espionage networks in Western Europe, 1936-1945
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The Rote Kapelle: the CIA's history of Soviet intelligence and espionage networks in Western Europe, 1936-1945
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and this enabled him to obtain information from a wide group of business and personal contact within the Nazi
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and in the same year took over responsibility of the management of the Berlin office of United Press.
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198:; KAPD). It is even possible that he was a founding member of the KAPD. In 1921 he was posted to the
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In 1916, Graudenz started journalistic his career as an assistant to the Berlin correspondent of the
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Resisting Hitler : Mildred Harnack and the Red Orchestra: Mildred Harnack and the Red Orchestra
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Red Orchestra: The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler
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Red Orchestra: The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler
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Red Orchestra: The Story of the Berlin Underground and the Circle of Friends Who Resisted Hitler
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327:. Shulze-Boysen was keen to inform the Allies. It was through Graudenz that Marcel Melliand, a
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Die Rote Kapelle: die Widerstandsgruppe im Dritten Reich und die Geschichte Helmut Roloffs
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agency in Moscow. In 1924 he was the first to report the death of Lenin in America.
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Due to the German idea that the family shares responsibility for a crime, known as
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In the spring of 1942, Schulze-Boysen had discovered that Germany had found and
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to three years in prison. Both Karin and Silva were released after two weeks.
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John Graudenz was arrested on 12 September 1942 and sentenced to death by the
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Against All Odds: Models of Subversive Spaces in National Socialist Germany
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The Bohemians: The Lovers Who Led Germany's Resistance Against the Nazis
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1045:(in German) (1. Aufl ed.). Hamburg: Ergebnisse-Verl. p. 77.
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machines that produced leaflets, with Graudenz running the operation.
626:(in German). kue 70048904: Saxon State and University Library Dresden
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for listening to enemy broadcasters and refraining from an advising
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Die Rote Kapelle : "Landesverrat" als antifaschist. Widerstand
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1023:(in German). Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand. Archived from
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that took place in Berlin and was an attempt to overthrow the
905:. Washington DC: University Publications of America. p.
549:. Washington DC: University Publications of America. p.
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In 1938, Graudenz met the Luftwaffe officer and anti-fascist
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The concern for Germany's future goes through the people
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Die Sorge um Deutschlands Zukunft geht durch das Volk
751:
Encyclopedia of Intelligence and Counterintelligence
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154:. Together they had two children, Silva and Karin.
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16:German writer and resistance fighter (1884–1942)
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720:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 170.
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35:Graudenz with his daughters, Karin and Silva
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196:Kommunistische Arbeiter-Partei Deutschlands
173:In March 1920 Graudenz was involved in the
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688:. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 140.
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941:. Random House Publishing Group. p.
858:. Random House Publishing Group. p.
822:(in German). Aufbau-Verlag. p. 412.
788:(in German). Aufbau-Verlag. p. 412.
362:held a Nazi propaganda exhibition called
984:. Oxford University Press, USA. p.
976:Shareen Blair Brysac (12 October 2000).
125:Wolfgang Kreher Johannes "John" Graudenz
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474:Literature by and about John Graudenz
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659:Roloff, Stefan; Vigl, Mario (2002).
260:through his neighbour, the supposed
663:(in German). Ullstein. p. 86.
524:. German Resistance Memorial Center
240:The Schulze-Boysen group in Germany
183:Communist Workers' Party of Germany
441:A memorial stone for Graudenz and
409:method of execution strangulation
14:
748:Rodney Carlisle (26 March 2015).
522:Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand
277:. In 1938, Shulze-Boysen's wife,
45:Wolfgang Kreher Johannes Graudenz
484:Works by and about John Graudenz
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354:Adhesive notes of the Red Chapel
1678:Executed Red Orchestra members
543:Kesaris, Paul. L, ed. (1979).
213:In 1924, Graudenz organised a
1:
899:Kesaris, Paul L, ed. (1979).
816:Harro Schulze-Boysen (1999).
782:Harro Schulze-Boysen (1999).
1693:German political journalists
933:Anne Nelson (7 April 2009).
850:Anne Nelson (7 April 2009).
714:Anne Nelson (7 April 2009).
488:Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
1285:Erika Gräfin von Brockdorff
580:. Peter Lang. p. 233.
574:Corina L. Petrescu (2010).
113:Being a core member of the
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1103:Harro Schulze-Boysen group
754:. Routledge. p. 546.
405:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
379:War, Hunger, Lies, Gestapo
168:United Press International
143:Graudenz was the son of a
1620:Rudolf von Scheliha group
1420:Wilhelm SchĂĽrmann-Horster
1018:"Gedenkstätte Plötzensee"
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644:: CS1 maint: location (
490:(German Digital Library)
206:as a journalist for the
202:and wrote favourably of
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1115:Libertas Schulze-Boysen
1041:Rosiejka, Gert (1986).
1016:Oleschinski, Brigitte.
478:German National Library
339:that produced aircraft
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785:Dieser Tod paĂźt zu mir
684:Ohler, Norman (2020).
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345:Ministry of Aviation
258:Harro Schulze-Boysen
115:Schulze-Boysen group
96:Execution by hanging
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1627:Rudolf von Scheliha
1469:Arvid Harnack group
1225:Hans Lautenschlager
1185:Gisela von Pöllnitz
1030:on 21 October 2013.
393:Reichskriegsgericht
364:The Soviet Paradise
323:and the battleship
252:of 19 December 1942
250:Reichskriegsgericht
92:Cause of death
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995:978-0-19-531353-6
952:978-1-58836-799-0
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761:978-1-317-47177-6
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670:978-3-550-07543-8
624:Deutsche Fotothek
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399:on the orders of
397:Plötzensee Prison
376:The Nazi Paradise
358:In mid-May 1942,
163:Berlin in 1908.
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1611:Martin Weise
1561:Karl Behrens
1541:Adolf Grimme
1440:Robert Barth
1425:Arnold Bauer
1395:Kurt Schulze
1350:Marie HĂĽbner
1335:Bruno Hempel
1320:Erwin Gehrts
1300:Fritz Cremer
1275:Hanna Berger
1265:Karl Behrens
1260:Adolf Grimme
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1095:Rote Kapelle
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200:Soviet Union
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85:Nazi Germany
71:(1942-12-22)
1673:1942 deaths
1668:1884 births
1606:Fritz Lange
1581:Erna Eifler
1576:Beppo Römer
1521:Hilde Coppi
1430:Erna Eifler
1255:Anna Krauss
1245:Fritz Thiel
1195:Hilde Coppi
1001:28 December
767:16 December
443:Anna Krauss
270:Anna Krauss
266:clairvoyant
222:Volga River
175:Kapp Putsch
102:Nationality
1662:Categories
1632:Ilse Stöbe
1516:Hans Coppi
1345:Max HĂĽbner
1280:Karl Böhme
1200:Hans Coppi
495:References
433:Stahnsdorf
416:Sippenhaft
316:aircraft,
310:deciphered
283:mimeograph
220:along the
51:1884-11-12
1546:John Sieg
1365:Else Imme
1315:Ina Ender
480:catalogue
426:Memorials
337:Wuppertal
329:left-wing
314:Luftwaffe
295:‹See Tfd›
215:Steamboat
188:‹See Tfd›
640:cite web
452:See also
279:Libertas
958:14 June
875:15 June
801:15 June
486:in the
476:in the
325:Tirpitz
321:U-boats
145:saddler
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299:German
192:German
139:Family
105:German
81:Berlin
59:Gdańsk
1028:(PDF)
1021:(PDF)
387:Death
204:Lenin
1047:ISBN
1003:2018
990:ISBN
960:2019
947:ISBN
911:ISBN
877:2019
864:ISBN
837:2021
824:ISBN
803:2019
790:ISBN
769:2020
756:ISBN
735:2019
722:ISBN
690:ISBN
665:ISBN
646:link
632:2019
595:2019
582:ISBN
555:ISBN
530:2019
264:and
158:Life
66:Died
41:Born
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