737:
584:
433:
899:
1080:
1230:
441:
907:
425:
449:
366:
260:
1103:; yet they are doing what they can to aid in restoring our places of worship, and in sending the Gospel to those at home and abroad. May our Church never neglect to foster those who, amid so many, so peculiar, so strong temptations to leave her have yet remained steadfast." Writing to a friend in 1881, he said, "How I wish I had you here for 2 or 3 Sundays. You would enjoy it."
736:
611:
felt the effects. The church was open only seasonally, from about
November through May when the weather was cooler. When Stuart Hanckel arrived in 1838, there were only 17 white communicants. When John Grimké Drayton arrived in 1851, the number of white communicants had risen to 26, but the 69 black
460:
deteriorating gardens and postponing his ordination. He chose a garden format popular in the mid-nineteenth century called the
Romantic style, a natural, informal approach to design and plantings. Drayton's "picturesque" style of Romanticism, "expressed by striking, irregular spirited forms", was a
1396:
predominantly white parish church and one the predominantly black mission church that was established in 1845 as a slave chapel, that builds on a difficult, shared history with an eye toward reconciliation. "This book contains a story that needs to be told," wrote the Rev. Marshall Huey, rector of
320:
Magnolia has been in the
Drayton family since 1679. John's grandfather, Thomas Drayton, had willed the plantation to his son William Henry, on the condition that he marry and produce a son. When Thomas died in 1825, and childless William Henry died the following year, the property went to John's
1175:. With Drayton's illness incapacitating him, care of the black congregation was turned over to another priest and deacon. In 1890 his condition worsened, and on April 2, 1891, John Grimké Drayton died at Linwood. He was one month shy of his seventy-fifth birthday. He was buried next to Julia in
635:
to new heights. During the 1850s, the number of white communicants remained low (an annual average of 21), dwarfed by the number of black communicants (an annual average of 119, or five times as many as white). Drayton used all four venues as worship centers. From 1856 to 1860 he held an annual
1099:, now it was even stronger. Drayton openly praised those who returned to him to anyone who would listen. In 1869 Drayton preached to "overflowing congregations" at all three chapels. In 1874 Drayton wrote that "the devotion of my people to our Church continues firm and unabated. They are with
914:
Old rice fields were no longer feasible to maintain and were shaped into an area served by intricate walking paths among the flowering plants. Adam
Bennett continued as his master gardener. In 1872 the gardens were opened to the public for the first time, and a small entrance fee was charged.
1395:
after it," the preface declares, "Drayton focused his life on improving the condition of people of color – every bit as much as the Grimké sisters did through their abolitionist writing and speeches." The book also features the relationship between two churches named St. Andrew's, one the
1106:
From 1879 to 1883 there were an annual average of 161 black communicants at
Magwood's and Magnolia chapels (Barker's had burned down) compared to only 19 whites, a margin of more than eight-to-one. Drayton's parishioners accounted for one-fourth of all black communicants in the entire
1286:
In 2000 Historic Flat Rock, Inc. purchased "The
Preserve" in the center of the village to prevent further commercial expansion. This tract was the last remaining part of the Ravenswood estate built by the Rev. John Grimké Drayton. The house had been demolished in the early 1960s.
1264:, and the church sat dormant for the next fifty-seven years. It was reopened on Easter Day 1948. Two years later a marble memorial tablet commemorating the life and rectorship of the Rev. John Grimké Drayton was installed on the south wall of the nave and consecrated by Bishop
539:
on her father's death and take great care of it. She died on
November 3, 1920. Ella would marry Edward Reed Memminger, whose indifferent approach to Christianity infuriated Reverend Drayton, who attended their wedding but did not officiate it. She died on February 23, 1926.
1343:
celebrated the 200th anniversary of
Reverend Drayton's birth with a month-long series of events. A lecture series on Drayton's horticultural and ministerial life was held on four successive Sundays at the church, followed by commemoration weekend featuring a traditional
394:
and its social effects, "how to reconcile an invalid's moral and medical obligations with personal ambitions and goals. Was it necessary for those who yearned to become ministers or teachers to take up farming?" That is exactly what John Grimké Drayton did.
1052:
who asked him to restart worship services. "If
Drayton had been a typical slave owner," a current history writes, "or had shown the slightest cruelty to his slaves, these freed people would have avoided him like the plague instead of seeking him out".
473:
became an innovative showcase for unbridled natural beauty, "which allowed man and nature to co-exist. Wildness was glorified and enhanced, not tamed." In the 1840s
Drayton was one of the first people in the United States to plant
1408:." Said the Rev. Dr. Jimmy Gallant, vicar of St. Andrew's Mission: "Anyone who reads this book or reads about what we're doing will get excited about forgiveness and loving and kindness, how we're walking in the cause of Christ."
1139:, where they disembarked at Bees Ferry just north of the church and walked through the old graveyard to the church. The money for repairing and reopening the church likely came from landowners selling part of their property to
1206:
congregation worshiping at Magwood's Chapel that Reverend Drayton ministered to for so many years became its own church, called St. Andrew's, Charleston County. The same church today is known as St. Andrew's Mission Church.
329:
provided he also changed his surname, which he did. John Grimké became John Grimké Drayton. Throughout his life, he considered himself a Drayton and not a Grimké-Drayton, since he signed his letters "J. G. Drayton."
1572:
Cothran, Jim; Kohr, Andrew; Danylchak, Erica (April 2011). Cultural Landscape Report: Magnolia Plantation & Gardens, Charleston, South Carolina (Report). Atlanta: Robert and Company. p. 10.
583:
1582:
See for example, J. G. Drayton to S. C. Brincklé, April 2, 1856, Old St. Andrew's Parish Church archives; J. G. Drayton to S. C. Brincklé, March 22, 1861, Old St. Andrew's Parish Church archives.
1439:
1427:
1314:
1303:
1295:
1280:
1250:
1223:
987:
971:
963:
947:
924:
916:
872:
864:
828:
820:
813:
789:
536:
517:
494:
490:
483:
470:
457:
351:
347:
326:
322:
305:
237:
193:
1048:
willingly reunited with their prewar, white pastor was John Grimké Drayton in St. Andrew's Parish. Reverend Drayton was walking through the parish one Sunday in May, 1867 when he met a group of
497:
produced 13,000 lb. (6.5 tons) of rice, one of the few areas where rice was grown in St. Andrew's Parish; 2,000 lb. (1 ton) of cotton, a minor producer; 600 bu. (42,000 lb. or 21 tons) of
346:
to visit family. There he met Julia Ewing, whom he fell in love with. She came from a prominent family and led an active social life. The couple were married on July 9, 1840, and moved to
432:
1449:
1172:
1156:
793:
785:
730:
631:
in the southern part of the parish (1845), at Simon J. Magwood's plantation in the center of the parish (also 1845), and at John Grimké Drayton's Magnolia (1850). Drayton took this
61:
1332:
passed a resolution honoring the Reverend John Grimké Drayton "for his lasting legacy of faith, compassion, and beauty" and declared May 1, 2013, as "John Grimké Drayton Day" in
325:
plantation. Thomas died in a hunting accident on the property in 1836. John heard of his brother's death while he was in Europe and returned home. He was next in line to inherit
531:
John and Julia Drayton had two daughters. Julia was born on October 30, 1848, and Ella, on March 10, 1853. Julia would marry William S. Hastie Jr. and settle at Linwood, in
413:
Drayton's treatment plan was "digging in the dirt". He also wanted to please his new wife, who found it difficult to adjust to such an isolated, rural life after leaving
2937:
627:
in St. Andrew's Parish. Three chapels had been built for slave worship and instruction: at Nathaniel Russell Middleton's (later Samuel G. Barker's) plantation on the
1151:... The Chapels were also to some extent injured, and my own house was rendered uninhabitable," recounted Reverend Drayton. Reverend continued to spend summers at
1068:
in the parish for twenty-two years (1867–89). He reopened each chapel and began holding services there on Sundays. Drayton was now in his sixties and living with
1829:
1419:
highway marker near the entrance to the grounds that chronicles the long history of the church. John Grimké Drayton's influence as rector and minister to his
1199:, but to the last he retained his interest in the work among the colored people; and the Diocese had no more effective preacher among them than Mr. Drayton."
405:, he recounted numerous times that illness had limited his ability to preach, teach, and conduct worship. The severity of the illness intensified as he aged.
220:
and Sarah Daniel Drayton. He was the second of six children. His father was a renowned attorney and state senator whose real calling, he believed, was to the
1176:
1152:
824:
809:
781:
757:
749:
2365:
390:
patients in the first half of the nineteenth century: exercise and farming. "The dilemma was frustrating and ongoing," wrote Sheila Rothman in a study of
386:. His granddaughter Marie Clinton Hastie remembered that John was troubled with a "weak throat and chest". His doctor prescribed a treatment common to
1191:
asked: "His soft voice and pleasing countenance will be sadly missed from his accustomed walks, and how can so rare an influence be replaced?" Bishop
855:
Rivers . . . . It must be many years before the congregation can return in sufficient numbers to rebuild their homes and restore the worship of God."
1899:"Schedule 4. Productions of Agriculture in Saint Andrews in the County of Charleston in the Post Office of Charleston, Year Ending June 1, 1860."
1329:
760:
in 1853 and a few years later built a summer home and gardens there, which he called Ravenswood. It was situated next to Rock Hill, the home of
1040:
off limits, Drayton could have abandoned both his black and white parishioners. But he did just the opposite. The only documented instance in
898:
1971:
1791:
1494:
1140:
880:
1276:
1108:
285:
1143:
miners, as Drayton himself had done, which provided these property-rich but cash-poor people a financial lifeline. Ten years later the
879:, to the Charleston Mining and Manufacturing Company for $ 25,000, which allowed him to rebuild his house and gardens. He also allowed
2774:
A Historical Account of the Protestant Episcopal Church in South Carolina 1820–1957 Being a Continuation of Dalcho's Account 1670–1820
1167:
During the 1880s Drayton lived for a time with the Hasties – his daughter Julia, son-in-law William, and their children at Linwood in
2942:
2444:
1616:
2828:
Parker, Adam (2012-03-18). "Tied in History: Magnolia Gardens, Church Marks Links to Grimke Drayton". Charleston: Post and Courier.
1444:
1412:
1397:
1364:
1353:
1340:
1318:
1291:
1261:
1196:
1128:
1124:
801:
788:
for the summer months. The following year he witnessed the confirmation of his slave Adam, a key figure in building the gardens at
718:
569:
561:
301:
205:
1010:
645:
557:
201:
1079:
2566:
1229:
756:
heat, humidity, and insects. It was informally called "Little Charleston in the Mountains." John Grimké Drayton first visited
595:
whose best days seemed to be behind it. St. Andrew's was one of the wealthiest parishes in British North America before the
321:
older brother Thomas – provided that he changed his surname from Grimké to Drayton. He did, and he inherited the 1,872 acre
765:
440:
1659:
Journal of the Proceedings of the Annual Convention, Protestant Episcopal Church in South Carolina [JAC, PECSC]
604:
289:
85:
382:. Where he contracted it is unknown, although he may have picked it up in the cold, damp, crowded living conditions at
1168:
1120:
884:
710:
floor, and two marble monuments, one to his Izard family and one to the Bulls. He also had the walls painted to cover
532:
50:
1171:. By this time he was sick much of the time. His wife Julia died on May 23, 1887, and was buried in the graveyard at
994:. Union forces appropriated the church, one of the only buildings left standing in the area, as a public facility, a
1279:, said, "he not only planted seed in the earth to form what has been called the most beautiful garden in the world (
891:, where it was rebuilt on the ruined house's foundation, so he and his family could again live on the property. The
1254:
1144:
1136:
1073:
892:
868:
805:
797:
726:
722:
565:
355:
293:
280:, where he graduated in 1833. He studied and traveled abroad in 1836. The following year he became a candidate for
273:
249:
233:
225:
189:
75:
32:
1401:
1345:
1014:
923:
increased exposure and attendance. Drayton's granddaughter, Marie Clinton Hastie, wrote years later than opening
876:
753:
229:
2389:
1853:
1400:, "and a story that needs to be understood by all who seek true racial understanding and reconciliation in the
1964:"In My Trials, Lord, Walk with Me": What an Antebellum Parish Register Reveals about Race and Reconciliation
1369:"In My Trials, Lord, Walk with Me": What an Antebellum Parish Register Reveals about Race and Reconciliation
577:
573:
1912:
2839:
691:
217:
132:
2469:
2234:
2190:
2049:
2026:
1681:
1657:
2682:
2616:
2533:
1727:
761:
277:
80:
2772:
2341:
259:
241:
167:
2510:
1935:
Population Schedules of the Seventh Census of the United States, 1850. South Carolina. Slave Schedules
1750:
1704:
906:
358:
home at 42 South Bay fronting the harbor. Today the site is a national historic landmark known as the
2932:
2927:
1966:. Charleston: Saint Andrew's Parish Church and Saint Andrew's Episcopal Mission Church. p. 176.
1272:
1265:
359:
2425:
J. G. Drayton to du Pont, March 16, 1881, No. W9-33466, Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Del.
1609:
Living in the Shadow of Death: Tuberculosis and the Social Experience of Illness in American History
596:
493:
was not only a beautiful gardens but also a working farm. The 1860 agricultural census showed that
780:
caused much instability and disruption within St. Andrew's Parish. Drayton continued to travel to
1388:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1322:
1192:
1096:
1088:
1057:
1033:
1018:
936:
928:
777:
683:
660:
632:
616:
549:
402:
297:
221:
883:
on his remaining property. Four years later Drayton had a small, pre-Revolution summer house in
448:
424:
245:
173:
2642:(Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2016), pp. 78, 88, 94-96, 99, 111-112, 120, 128.
2440:
2383:
1967:
1847:
1787:
1612:
1490:
1420:
1203:
1092:
932:
607:
that made it possible. But the parish suffered severe economic decline after the war, and the
1349:
1321:
honored Reverend Drayton with six events on the 160th anniversary of the start of Drayton's
843:
was spared. "The demon of civil war was let loose in this Parish," Drayton reported to the
819:
Once the war was over and it was safe for Drayton to return, Adam walked the 260 miles from
707:
656:
966:
in 1879. Many of these are now extinct. Ten years later there were almost 300 varieties of
915:
Railroads and steamers from Charleston brought visitors to the grounds. The publicity that
365:
2119:
J. G. Drayton to S. C. Brincklé, January 6, 1858, Old St. Andrew's Parish Church archives.
1283:) but he planted many a seed of the Word which we doubt not will flower to all eternity."
1127:, on January 2, 1876. Less than three months later, on Sunday, March 26, Drayton reopened
995:
690:
since its founding in 1706. Col. William Izard Bull, a prominent parishioner who lived at
462:
309:
1306:
since, with more than five hundred worshipers attending each year along the banks of the
640:, 29 at Magnolia Chapel, 12 at Magwood's Chapel, and 7 at Barker's Chapel. He wrote to a
1416:
1405:
1333:
1041:
1002:
714:
which had previously been added, "all to the horror of grandma and the other ladies".
675:, marriages, and burials he performed in the 1850s, more than 90 percent involved the
2921:
2795:
1215:
1148:
1061:
1037:
991:
840:
687:
686:
was also marked by one of the most comprehensive renovations of a "very dilapidated"
637:
608:
592:
417:. His goal: "to create an earthly paradise in which my dear Julia may forever forget
1947:
South Carolina Census 1860 (Slave Schedule), Charleston County, St. Andrew's Parish
1307:
1299:
1219:
1069:
888:
848:
836:
832:
831:
burned, but his gardens spared. Every residence but one along the west bank of the
672:
466:
418:
414:
398:
391:
387:
379:
343:
253:
197:
2842:. South Carolina House of Representatives, 120th General Assembly. March 5, 2013
1487:
Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706–2013
1242:
1131:
for worship for the first time in eleven years. The service was promoted in the
852:
628:
516:
None of this gardening or farming would have been possible without the labor of
281:
1543:
659:
parish register, begun in 1830, further illustrates Reverend Drayton's focused
1195:
said of him, "Of late he was obliged by failing health to give up the work in
958:
cannot be understated. Drayton's garden journal listed 229 named varieties of
624:
224:. Pursuing that vocation, however, was overruled by his father, the acclaimed
1009:
shunned their prewar white churches, in an "exodus of biblical proportions".
188:(May 1, 1816 – April 2, 1891) was a nineteenth-century planter and priest in
2568:
St. James Church Goose Creek, S.C.: A Sketch of the Parish from 1706 to 1909
1357:
523:
men, women, and children. The 1850 Census listed 45 in 1850 and 41 in 1860.
1392:
1211:
1065:
1049:
1045:
1026:
1006:
975:
967:
955:
641:
475:
401:
plagued Drayton for his entire adult lifetime. After he became active in
383:
339:
1611:. Baltimore and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 26.
1426:(Note: Images of John Grimké Drayton are intellectual property owned by
62:
Cemetery at St. John in the Wilderness Church, Flat Rock, North Carolina
2640:
Flat Rock of the Old Time: Letters from the Mountains to the Lowcountry
2157:
A Condensed Story of Flat Rock (The Little Charleston in the Mountains)
1887:
The Story of Magnolia Plantation and Its Gardens: Their First 300 Years
1384:
1022:
844:
676:
668:
664:
620:
520:
721:, Reverend Drayton filled in for absent clergy at St. Peter's Church,
1246:
998:. Reverend Drayton's white congregation was, he said, "annihilated".
959:
951:
940:
711:
699:
600:
553:
502:
479:
1245:
of London, England, there is a notice that tells all who walk that
752:, was a haven for wealthy Charlestonians who sought relief from the
564:
on March 16, 1851, and a priest seven months later at Grace Church,
469:, where "man exert control over the natural environment." Drayton's
1228:
1078:
905:
897:
867:
burned, Drayton and his wife lived at the Grimké residence on the
735:
703:
582:
552:
to recover his health and focus on his gardens. He was ordained a
498:
447:
439:
431:
423:
364:
258:
702:
and reading desk, cast iron railing around the pulpit, desk, and
1475:"Drayton Family Tree," Magnolia Plantation and Gardens archives.
1214:
Guide for America listed only three sights worthy of two stars:
986:
Not only did John Grimké Drayton not have access to his home at
649:
510:
486:
into one of the world's most impressive, cultivated landscapes.
478:
japonica (Japanese camellia) outdoors on a large-scale and grow
1325:
at the church and the 120th year of his death the prior year.
919:
received in glowing articles in national publications such as
695:
568:. Later that year Reverend Drayton replaced Stuart Hanckel at
506:
482:
Indica (Indian azalea) outdoors. His vision and genius turned
2439:. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. p. 382.
2211:
2209:
847:. "But three residences exist in the whole space between the
548:
For more than a decade, Drayton postponed his entry into the
2840:
A House Resolution to Honor the Reverend John Grimké Drayton
1440:
Magnolia Plantation and Gardens (Charleston, South Carolina)
784:
in the summer, where in June 1863 he was elected rector of
252:
as young adults when John was still young and became noted
1889:. Charleston: Magnolia Plantation and Gardens. p. 25.
895:
damaged the walls of the house, but these were repaired.
1123:
Parish Church, another old colonial church not far from
800:
from the west, Drayton held his last worship service at
461:
stark contrast to the formal, geometric style of nearby
232:. His mother's parents owned a large plantation west of
2176:
2174:
1271:
In 1957, sixty-six years after Drayton's death, Bishop
1083:
Plantation slave chapel worship in South Carolina, 1863
731:
St. John in the Wilderness in Flat Rock, North Carolina
612:
communicants outnumbered them by more than two-to-one.
350:
soon afterwards. The couple divided their time between
1450:
St. John in the Wilderness (Flat Rock, North Carolina)
910:
The Long Bridge, Magnolia Plantation and Gardens, 2021
2366:"The Lost Azaleas of Magnolia Plantation and Gardens"
1352:
Gospel Choir singing; remarks on "The Rev. Drayton's
1072:, but he still walked sixteen to eighteen miles from
740:
Church of St. John in the-Wilderness, Flat Rock, 1934
1260:
After Reverend Drayton died, he was not replaced at
935:
parishioners. Reverend Drayton was not paid for his
1548:
South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine
1060:was not short-lived or one of expediency until his
871:Battery. In 1869 Drayton sold nearly 80 percent of
300:under the Reverend James Stuart Hanckel, rector of
145:
125:
102:
94:
67:
57:
39:
25:
18:
2574:. Charleston: Daggett Printing Co. pp. 29–36.
1076:to the chapels "eating my dinner from my pocket".
796:. As Union troops and freed slaves marched toward
2862:, Old St. Andrew's Parish Church, March 27, 2016.
1379:, including that of John Grimké Drayton. "In his
2155:See for example, Patton, Sadie Smathers (1961).
1119:Reverend Drayton reopened the dormant St. James
216:John Drayton Grimké was born on May 1, 1816, to
1489:. Bloomington, IN: WestBow Press. p. 132.
1064:could be recovered. Drayton ministered to the
902:House at Magnolia Plantation and Gardens, 2013
2909:St. Andrew's Parish Church 2022 Annual Report
2814:
2812:
1302:for three years. The service has remained at
1294:and St. Andrew's Mission Church, was held at
378:Just after his marriage John became ill with
8:
2309:
2307:
1957:
1955:
1662:. Charleston: A. E. Miller. 1855. p. 49
1423:parishioners are documented on this marker.
2671:Charleston News and Courier, April 3, 1891.
1638:. p. 7. South Carolina Historical Society.
927:to the public provided funds for Drayton's
827:to retrieve him. Drayton found his home at
580:, for forty years until his death in 1891.
576:. He would also become its longest serving
86:General Theological Seminary, New York City
2421:
2419:
2417:
1901:United States Census (Agricultural), 1860.
1630:
1628:
1290:In 2012 Easter Sunrise service, hosted by
1249:in their highest glory are to be found in
804:on Sunday, February 12, 1865, days before
15:
1994:
1992:
1823:
1821:
1636:Magnolia-on-the-Ashley (Magnolia Gardens)
1544:"Ashley River: Its Seats and Settlements"
1298:for the first time after being hosted by
444:The Slope Walk, Magnolia Plantation, 1901
2159:. 3rd ed. Hickory, NC: Hickory Printing.
2088:
2086:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
990:, but he was also barred from using his
887:taken apart and moved by barge down the
505:; and 40 bu. (1,120 lb. or .56 tons) of
2938:19th-century American Episcopal priests
1830:"Indian Azaleas at Magnolia Plantation"
1786:. Layton, UT: Gibbs Smith. p. 14.
1461:
1330:South Carolina House of Representatives
272:John attended the Southworth School in
236:, Magnolia-on-the-Ashley (now known as
152:Thomas Drayton Grimké Drayton (brother)
2381:
1845:
1471:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1233:Magnolia Gardens by Alfred Hutty, 1920
1115:Rebuilds His Ministry: At the Churches
982:Rebuilds His Ministry: To the Freedmen
456:Drayton's focus now became rebuilding
1371:. The book explores plantation slave
1173:St. John in the Wilderness, Flat Rock
1155:, where he continued his ministry at
98:Plantation owner and episcopal priest
7:
587:Old St. Andrew's Parish Church, 1940
338:On his way to New York City and the
1367:and St. Andrew's Mission published
1109:Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina
939:after the war, except for $ 50 the
893:Great Charleston Earthquake of 1886
694:south of the church, installed new
501:; 20 bu. (1,200 lb. or .6 tons) of
296:, he continued his studies for the
292:in New York City. On his return to
286:Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina
2907:"Report of the Parish Historian,"
1828:Cooley, C. Preston (Spring 2012).
1634:Hastie, Marie Clinton (ca. 1927).
1596:. Columbia: State. pp. 20–29.
1375:in St. Andrew's Parish before the
974:now has the largest collection of
875:(1,482 acres), everything west of
839:) was burned by Union troops. The
14:
1542:Smith, Henry A. M. (April 1919).
768:first Secretary of the Treasury.
572:and became the church's eleventh
465:and a naturalistic expression at
421:and her desire to return there."
161:Thomas Smith Grimké Jr. (brother)
2364:Howell, Caroline (Summer 2017).
1348:supper under the oaks, with the
1275:, writing in his history of the
725:(1857–60), St. Philip's Church,
369:William Gibbes House, Charleston
1806:Cothran et al. 2011, pp. 20–21.
1784:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
1428:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
1315:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
1296:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
1241:related that "in the wonderful
1135:. Steamers ferried people from
733:, from June to early November.
729:(1858), and beginning in 1855,
667:. Of the more than two hundred
535:, in 1883. Julia would inherit
484:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
238:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
194:Magnolia Plantation and Gardens
192:. He was a horticulturalist at
155:Theodore Dehon Grimké (brother)
115:
2777:. Columbia: Bryan. p. 272
2771:Thomas, Albert Sidney (1957).
1913:""Vegetable Conversion Chart""
1835:. The Azalean. pp. 14, 16
1445:Old St. Andrew's Parish Church
762:Christopher Gustavus Memminger
648:priest in 1858 that "My black
636:average of 20 services at the
206:Old St. Andrew's Parish Church
158:James McBride Grimké (brother)
1:
2638:See Robert B. Cuthbert, ed.,
2371:. The Azalean. pp. 33–35
1885:Hastie, John Drayton (1984).
362:located at 64 South Battery.
138:Sarah Daniel Drayton (mother)
2565:Waring, Joseph Ioor (1909).
682:Drayton's tenure before the
290:General Theological Seminary
288:. In 1838–39 he enrolled at
2586:Charleston News and Courier
2322:Hastie ca. 1927, pp. 12–13.
2313:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 30.
2301:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 29.
2292:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 26.
2256:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 33.
2215:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 23.
1866:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 14.
1815:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 21.
1607:Rothman, Sheila M. (1994).
1239:Charleston News and Courier
1189:Charleston News and Courier
1133:Charleston News and Courier
812:and left Adam in charge of
808:was evacuated. He left for
717:In addition to his work at
615:Stuart Hanckel had begun a
409:Develops Magnolia's Gardens
51:Summerville, South Carolina
2959:
2911:, January 29, 2023, p. 15.
2871:Porwoll 2018, pp. 182–183.
2731:Porwoll 2014, pp. 183–209.
2704:Porwoll 2014, pp. 183–184.
2660:Porwoll 2014, pp. 180–181.
2606:Porwoll 2014, pp. 171–174.
2597:Porwoll 2014, pp. 167–169.
2500:Porwoll 2014, pp. 165–180.
2402:Cothran et al. 2011, p. 34
2146:Porwoll 2014, pp. 144–146.
2137:Porwoll 2014, pp. 136–141.
2071:Porwoll 2014, pp. 122–126.
1986:Porwoll 2018, pp. 176–177.
1354:St. Andrew's Parish Church
1341:St. Andrew's Parish Church
1255:Charleston, South Carolina
1157:St. John in the Wilderness
1101:rare exceptions, very poor
786:St. John in the Wilderness
745:Builds a Home in Flat Rock
562:St. Andrew's Parish Church
302:St. Andrew's Parish Church
263:Thomas Smith Grimké, 1830s
190:Charleston, South Carolina
76:Charleston, South Carolina
33:Charleston, South Carolina
2798:. Historic Flat Rock, Inc
2437:South Carolina: A History
1875:Hastie (ca. 1927), p. 11.
1592:Lashley, Delores (1969).
1518:<Porwoll 2014, p. 133.
1360:followed by a reception.
1029:had no interest in them.
921:Harper's Monthly Magazine
750:Flat Rock, North Carolina
228:attorney and politician,
204:priest who served nearby
164:Benjamin Grimké (brother)
2943:American horticulturists
2224:Lashley 1969, pp. 69–71.
1532:<Porwoll 2014, p. 134
1187:On Drayton's death, the
1095:parishioners before the
354:and the Grimké family's
2722:Hastie ca. 1927, p. 11.
2669:"John Grimke Drayton,"
1017:who had had a thriving
764:, who would become the
605:plantation slave system
408:
2880:Porwoll 2018, p. xxiv.
2474:. 1867. pp. 49–50
2435:Edgar, Walter (1998).
1962:Porwoll, Paul (2018).
1485:Porwoll, Paul (2014).
1328:On March 5, 2013, the
1234:
1084:
978:in the United States.
911:
903:
741:
692:Ashley Hall Plantation
588:
489:John Grimké Drayton's
453:
452:Magnolia Gardens, 1925
445:
437:
429:
374:Contracts Tuberculosis
370:
264:
230:John Faucheraud Grimké
2898:Porwoll 2018, p. xvi.
2818:Porwoll 2014, p. 319.
2761:Porwoll 2014, p. 212.
2740:Porwoll 2014, p. 210.
2651:Porwoll 2014, p. 180.
2584:"Religious Notices,"
2555:Porwoll 2014, p. 174.
2491:Porwoll 2018, p. 120.
2411:Porwoll 2014, p. 164.
2331:Porwoll 2014, p. 170.
2180:Porwoll 2014, p. 150.
2168:Porwoll 2014, p. 146.
2128:Porwoll 2018, p. 235.
2110:Porwoll 2014, p. 145.
2101:Porwoll 2014, p. 144.
2080:Porwoll 2014, p. 143.
2016:Porwoll 2014, p. 119.
2007:Porwoll 2014, p. 132.
1998:Porwoll 2014, p. 135.
1232:
1082:
1036:to return to and his
909:
901:
739:
586:
451:
443:
435:
427:
368:
342:, Drayton stopped in
278:College of Charleston
262:
81:College of Charleston
2889:Porwoll 2018, p. xi.
2388:: CS1 maint: year (
2092:Porwoll 2018, p. 27.
1852:: CS1 maint: year (
1782:Fell, Derek (2009).
1772:Lashley 1969, p. 31.
1647:Rothman 1994, p. 24.
1273:Albert Sidney Thomas
1266:Thomas N. Carruthers
1025:now discovered that
360:William Gibbes House
2860:The Sunday Cast Net
2713:Hastie 1984, p. 25.
2459:Porwoll 2018, p. 90
2346:. 1880. p. 102
2265:Hastie 1984, p. 12.
1007:freed men and women
597:American Revolution
544:Begins His Ministry
334:Marries Julia Ewing
218:Thomas Smith Grimké
186:John Grimké Drayton
133:Thomas Smith Grimké
74:Southworth School,
20:John Grimké Drayton
2687:. 1891. p. 30
2621:. 1887. p. 77
2538:. 1874. p. 94
2515:. 1869. p. 94
2239:. 1868. p. 84
2195:. 1866. p. 54
2054:. 1852. p. 37
2031:. 1839. p. 31
1755:. 1889. p. 72
1732:. 1885. p. 84
1709:. 1883. p. 96
1686:. 1867. p. 65
1235:
1193:William B. W. Howe
1085:
943:gave him in 1880.
912:
904:
742:
706:, a new sandstone
589:
454:
446:
438:
430:
371:
265:
242:Sarah Moore Grimké
240:). His aunts were
168:Sarah Moore Grimké
2283:Fell 2009, p. 39.
2274:Fell 2009, p. 18.
1973:978-0-692-06931-8
1793:978-1-4236-0547-8
1496:978-1-4908-1818-4
1202:In the 1890s the
1087:As strong as his
1011:Episcopal priests
877:Ashley River Road
859:Rebuilds Magnolia
772:Endures Civil War
652:are prospering."
428:Camellia japonica
316:Inherits Magnolia
208:for forty years.
183:
182:
2950:
2912:
2905:
2899:
2896:
2890:
2887:
2881:
2878:
2872:
2869:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2819:
2816:
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2792:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2723:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2643:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2613:
2607:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2588:, April 7, 1876.
2582:
2576:
2575:
2573:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2466:
2460:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2412:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2387:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2370:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2314:
2311:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2266:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2231:
2225:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2169:
2166:
2160:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2081:
2078:
2072:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2023:
2017:
2014:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1996:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1959:
1950:
1944:
1938:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1909:
1903:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1843:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1825:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1798:
1797:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1701:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1678:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1654:
1648:
1645:
1639:
1632:
1623:
1622:
1604:
1598:
1597:
1594:Legacy of Beauty
1589:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1519:
1516:
1501:
1500:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1421:African American
1413:Old St. Andrew's
1398:Old St. Andrew's
1365:Old St. Andrew's
1356:"; and a Festal
1350:Voorhees College
1339:On May 1, 2016,
1319:Old St. Andrew's
1292:Old St. Andrew's
1224:Magnolia Gardens
1204:African American
1145:Great Earthquake
1093:African American
933:African American
881:phosphate mining
558:Episcopal Church
276:, and later the
119:
117:
46:
16:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2906:
2902:
2897:
2893:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2870:
2866:
2858:
2854:
2845:
2843:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2810:
2801:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2780:
2778:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2748:
2744:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2703:
2699:
2690:
2688:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2668:
2664:
2659:
2655:
2650:
2646:
2637:
2633:
2624:
2622:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2605:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2583:
2579:
2571:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2541:
2539:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2518:
2516:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2477:
2475:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2458:
2454:
2447:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2424:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2380:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2349:
2347:
2340:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2242:
2240:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2198:
2196:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2179:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2141:
2136:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2084:
2079:
2075:
2070:
2066:
2057:
2055:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2034:
2032:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1961:
1960:
1953:
1945:
1941:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1898:
1894:
1884:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1758:
1756:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1735:
1733:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1712:
1710:
1703:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1687:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1557:
1555:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1522:
1517:
1504:
1497:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1463:
1458:
1436:
1185:
1165:
1117:
984:
861:
774:
747:
599:, due to rice,
591:He inherited a
546:
529:
527:Raises a Family
463:Middleton Place
411:
376:
336:
318:
310:Nathaniel Bowen
270:
248:, who had left
246:Angelina Grimké
214:
179:
174:Angelina Grimké
141:
121:
118: 1840)
113:
109:
90:
53:
48:
44:
35:
30:
21:
12:
11:
5:
2956:
2954:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2900:
2891:
2882:
2873:
2864:
2852:
2831:
2820:
2808:
2787:
2763:
2754:
2752:, 1951, p. 57.
2742:
2733:
2724:
2715:
2706:
2697:
2674:
2662:
2653:
2644:
2631:
2608:
2599:
2590:
2577:
2557:
2548:
2525:
2502:
2493:
2484:
2461:
2452:
2445:
2427:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2356:
2333:
2324:
2315:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2226:
2217:
2205:
2182:
2170:
2161:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2121:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2082:
2073:
2064:
2041:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1988:
1979:
1972:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1904:
1892:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1792:
1774:
1765:
1742:
1719:
1696:
1673:
1649:
1640:
1624:
1617:
1599:
1584:
1575:
1564:
1534:
1520:
1502:
1495:
1477:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1432:
1417:South Carolina
1406:South Carolina
1334:South Carolina
1184:
1181:
1164:
1161:
1116:
1113:
1042:South Carolina
1003:South Carolina
983:
980:
860:
857:
773:
770:
746:
743:
545:
542:
528:
525:
503:Irish potatoes
410:
407:
375:
372:
335:
332:
317:
314:
304:just south of
269:
266:
213:
210:
181:
180:
178:
177:
171:
165:
162:
159:
156:
153:
149:
147:
143:
142:
140:
139:
136:
129:
127:
123:
122:
111:
107:
106:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
89:
88:
83:
78:
71:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
49:
47:(aged 74)
41:
37:
36:
31:
27:
23:
22:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2955:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2910:
2904:
2901:
2895:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2861:
2856:
2853:
2841:
2835:
2832:
2824:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2776:
2775:
2767:
2764:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2737:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2701:
2698:
2686:
2685:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2666:
2663:
2657:
2654:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2620:
2619:
2612:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2570:
2569:
2561:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2537:
2536:
2529:
2526:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2473:
2472:
2465:
2462:
2456:
2453:
2448:
2446:1-57003-255-6
2442:
2438:
2431:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2391:
2385:
2367:
2360:
2357:
2345:
2344:
2337:
2334:
2328:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2310:
2308:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2262:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2238:
2237:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2194:
2193:
2186:
2183:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2053:
2052:
2045:
2042:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1975:
1969:
1965:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1888:
1881:
1878:
1872:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1831:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1795:
1789:
1785:
1778:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1754:
1753:
1746:
1743:
1731:
1730:
1723:
1720:
1708:
1707:
1700:
1697:
1685:
1684:
1677:
1674:
1661:
1660:
1653:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1618:0-8018-5186-6
1614:
1610:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1588:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1568:
1565:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1538:
1535:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1492:
1488:
1481:
1478:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1415:placed a new
1414:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1216:Niagara Falls
1213:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:Parish church
1147:"wrecked the
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1081:
1077:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1062:parish church
1059:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1038:parish church
1035:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
996:polling place
993:
992:parish church
989:
981:
979:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
950:diversity of
949:
946:The scope of
944:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
908:
900:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
858:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
841:parish church
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
771:
769:
767:
766:Confederacy's
763:
759:
755:
751:
744:
738:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
688:parish church
685:
680:
678:
674:
673:confirmations
670:
666:
662:
658:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:parish church
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
613:
610:
609:parish church
606:
602:
598:
594:
593:parish church
585:
581:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
543:
541:
538:
534:
526:
524:
522:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
487:
485:
481:
477:
472:
468:
464:
459:
450:
442:
436:Azalea Indica
434:
426:
422:
420:
416:
406:
404:
400:
396:
393:
389:
385:
381:
373:
367:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
333:
331:
328:
324:
315:
313:
311:
308:, and Bishop
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
267:
261:
257:
255:
254:abolitionists
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
211:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
175:
172:
169:
166:
163:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
148:
144:
137:
134:
131:
130:
128:
124:
105:
101:
97:
95:Occupation(s)
93:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
73:
72:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
52:
43:April 2, 1891
42:
38:
34:
28:
24:
17:
2908:
2903:
2894:
2885:
2876:
2867:
2859:
2855:
2844:. Retrieved
2834:
2823:
2800:. Retrieved
2796:"What We Do"
2790:
2779:. Retrieved
2773:
2766:
2757:
2749:
2745:
2736:
2727:
2718:
2709:
2700:
2689:. Retrieved
2683:
2677:
2670:
2665:
2656:
2647:
2639:
2634:
2623:. Retrieved
2617:
2611:
2602:
2593:
2585:
2580:
2567:
2560:
2551:
2540:. Retrieved
2534:
2528:
2517:. Retrieved
2511:
2505:
2496:
2487:
2476:. Retrieved
2470:
2464:
2455:
2436:
2430:
2407:
2398:
2373:. Retrieved
2359:
2348:. Retrieved
2342:
2336:
2327:
2318:
2297:
2288:
2279:
2270:
2261:
2252:
2241:. Retrieved
2235:
2229:
2220:
2197:. Retrieved
2191:
2185:
2164:
2156:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2076:
2067:
2056:. Retrieved
2050:
2044:
2033:. Retrieved
2027:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1982:
1963:
1946:
1942:
1934:
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1907:
1900:
1895:
1886:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1837:. Retrieved
1811:
1802:
1783:
1777:
1768:
1757:. Retrieved
1751:
1745:
1734:. Retrieved
1728:
1722:
1711:. Retrieved
1705:
1699:
1688:. Retrieved
1682:
1676:
1664:. Retrieved
1658:
1652:
1643:
1635:
1608:
1602:
1593:
1587:
1578:
1567:
1556:. Retrieved
1551:
1547:
1537:
1486:
1480:
1425:
1410:
1368:
1362:
1338:
1327:
1312:
1308:Ashley River
1300:Drayton Hall
1289:
1285:
1270:
1262:St. Andrew's
1259:
1238:
1237:In 1927 the
1236:
1220:Grand Canyon
1210:In 1900 the
1209:
1201:
1197:St. Andrew's
1188:
1186:
1166:
1132:
1129:St. Andrew's
1125:St. Andrew's
1118:
1105:
1100:
1086:
1070:tuberculosis
1055:
1031:
1000:
985:
945:
920:
913:
889:Ashley River
862:
837:Drayton Hall
833:Ashley River
818:
802:St. Andrew's
775:
754:lowcountry's
748:
719:St. Andrew's
716:
681:
654:
614:
590:
570:St. Andrew's
547:
530:
515:
488:
467:Drayton Hall
455:
419:Philadelphia
415:Philadelphia
412:
399:Tuberculosis
397:
392:tuberculosis
388:tuberculosis
380:tuberculosis
377:
344:Philadelphia
337:
319:
271:
215:
198:Ashley River
185:
184:
58:Burial place
45:(1891-04-02)
2933:1891 deaths
2928:1816 births
1391:and to the
1387:before the
1243:Kew Gardens
1169:Summerville
1121:Goose Creek
885:Summerville
644:friend and
629:Stono River
625:plantations
533:Summerville
282:Holy orders
108:Julia Ewing
29:May 1, 1816
2922:Categories
2846:2023-06-28
2802:2023-06-26
2781:2023-06-09
2750:JAC, PECSC
2691:2023-06-27
2684:JAC, PECSC
2625:2023-06-27
2618:JAC, PECSC
2542:2023-06-27
2535:JAC, PECSC
2519:2023-06-27
2512:JAC, PECSC
2478:2023-06-27
2471:JAC, PECSC
2375:2023-06-26
2350:2023-06-27
2343:JAC, PECSC
2243:2023-06-28
2236:JAC, PECSC
2199:2023-06-28
2192:JAC, PECSC
2058:2023-06-27
2051:JAC, PECSC
2035:2023-06-27
2028:JAC, PECSC
1921:2023-06-26
1839:2023-06-26
1759:2023-06-27
1752:JAC, PECSC
1736:2023-06-27
1729:JAC, PECSC
1713:2023-06-27
1706:JAC, PECSC
1690:2023-06-27
1683:JAC, PECSC
1666:2023-06-27
1558:2023-06-28
1554:(2): 94–95
1456:References
1402:Lowcountry
1346:lowcountry
1137:Charleston
1091:was among
1074:Charleston
1021:among the
1015:lowcountry
948:Magnolia's
869:Charleston
806:Charleston
798:Charleston
794:St. John's
727:Charleston
723:Charleston
657:antebellum
603:, and the
566:Charleston
518:Magnolia's
458:Magnolia's
356:Charleston
294:Charleston
274:Charleston
250:Charleston
234:Charleston
226:Charleston
212:Early life
1389:Civil War
1377:Civil War
1358:Eucharist
1177:Flat Rock
1153:Flat Rock
1141:phosphate
1097:Civil War
1001:All over
976:camellias
968:camellias
956:camellias
825:Flat Rock
810:Flat Rock
782:Flat Rock
778:Civil War
758:Flat Rock
684:Civil War
646:Episcopal
268:Education
202:Episcopal
146:Relatives
68:Education
2384:cite web
1848:cite web
1434:See also
1411:In 2022
1393:freedmen
1385:enslaved
1381:ministry
1373:ministry
1363:In 2018
1323:ministry
1313:In 2012
1304:Magnolia
1281:Magnolia
1251:Magnolia
1212:Baedeker
1089:ministry
1066:freedmen
1058:ministry
1050:freedmen
1046:freedmen
1034:ministry
1032:With no
1027:freedmen
1023:enslaved
1019:ministry
988:Magnolia
972:Magnolia
964:Magnolia
937:ministry
929:ministry
925:Magnolia
917:Magnolia
873:Magnolia
865:Magnolia
829:Magnolia
821:Magnolia
814:Magnolia
790:Magnolia
698:, a new
677:enslaved
669:baptisms
665:enslaved
661:ministry
642:Delaware
633:ministry
621:enslaved
617:ministry
550:ministry
537:Magnolia
521:enslaved
495:Magnolia
491:Magnolia
476:Camellia
471:Magnolia
403:ministry
384:seminary
352:Magnolia
348:Magnolia
340:seminary
327:Magnolia
323:Magnolia
306:Magnolia
298:ministry
222:ministry
135:(father)
1383:to the
1277:diocese
1253:, near
1247:azaleas
1163:The End
1013:in the
960:azaleas
952:azaleas
931:to his
845:diocese
712:cherubs
663:to the
623:on the
619:to the
556:in the
284:in the
200:and an
196:on the
126:Parents
120:
112:
2443:
1970:
1790:
1615:
1493:
1222:, and
1218:, the
1183:Legacy
1044:where
941:vestry
849:Ashley
700:pulpit
601:indigo
578:rector
574:rector
554:deacon
480:Azalea
176:(aunt)
170:(aunt)
103:Spouse
2572:(PDF)
2369:(PDF)
1916:(PDF)
1833:(PDF)
1159:.
1056:This
863:With
853:Stono
792:, at
708:paver
704:altar
650:Roses
511:beans
114:(
110:
2441:ISBN
2390:link
1968:ISBN
1854:link
1788:ISBN
1613:ISBN
1491:ISBN
1317:and
954:and
851:and
776:The
696:pews
655:The
509:and
507:peas
499:corn
244:and
40:Died
26:Born
1430:.)
1404:of
1257:."
962:at
823:to
560:at
2924::
2811:^
2416:^
2386:}}
2382:{{
2306:^
2208:^
2173:^
2085:^
1991:^
1954:^
1850:}}
1846:{{
1820:^
1627:^
1552:20
1550:.
1546:.
1523:^
1505:^
1464:^
1336:.
1310:.
1268:.
1226:.
1179:.
1111:.
1005:,
970:.
816:.
679:.
671:,
513:.
312:.
256:.
116:m.
2849:.
2805:.
2784:.
2694:.
2628:.
2545:.
2522:.
2481:.
2449:.
2392:)
2378:.
2353:.
2246:.
2202:.
2061:.
2038:.
1976:.
1949:.
1937:.
1924:.
1856:)
1842:.
1796:.
1762:.
1739:.
1716:.
1693:.
1671:.
1669:.
1621:.
1561:.
1499:.
835:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
