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John Hopfield

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34: 412:: a New Mechanism for Reducing Errors in Biosynthetic Processes Requiring High Specificity" (1974); "Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities" (1982) (known as the Hopfield Network) and, with D. W. Tank, "Neural computation of decisions in optimization problems" (1985). His current research and recent papers are chiefly focused on the ways in which 1849: 762: 1062: 613: 1834: 1899: 755: 394:(chemistry and biology) and again at Princeton, where he is the Howard A. Prior Professor of Molecular Biology, emeritus. For 35 years, he also continued a strong connection with Bell Laboratories. 1884: 1889: 1814: 1055: 748: 1879: 1819: 1894: 1048: 1839: 359:
and physicist Helen Hopfield. Helen was the older Hopfield's second wife. He is the sixth of Hopfield's children and has three children and six grandchildren of his own.
1829: 408:; "Electron transfer between biological molecules by thermally activated tunneling" (1974), describing the quantum mechanics of long-range electron transfers; " 1874: 1869: 1864: 771: 464: 186: 1844: 653: 452: 679: 404:
His most influential papers have been "The Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals" (1958), describing the
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of the ICTP in 2001 for his interdisciplinary contributions to understanding biology as a physical process, including the
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A Quantum-Mechanical Theory of the Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals
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He described how he came to biophysics, then neural network research, in an autobiographical essay.
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in 2005. He was the President of the American Physical Society in 2006. Hopfield shared the 2022
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University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty
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in 1988. In 1985, Hopfield received the Golden Plate Award of the
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timing and synchrony can be used in neurobiological computation.
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of the American Physical Society for work on the interactions
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and computing with attractors in neural networks, and the
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Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
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For his father, the Polish-American spectroscopist, see
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Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) laureates
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in 1982. The model is now more commonly known as the
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Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
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and solids. Hopfield was elected as a member of the
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He spent two years in the theory group at 8: 1820:American artificial intelligence researchers 1895:Presidents of the American Physical Society 1072:Presidents of the American Physical Society 538:"Whatever Happened to Solid State Physics?" 382:, and subsequently was a faculty member at 1840:California Institute of Technology faculty 1063: 1049: 1041: 763: 749: 741: 89: 553: 542:Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics 78:Learn how and when to remove this message 1830:Fellows of the American Physical Society 555:10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031113-133924 343:, although the model was conceptualized 41:This article includes a list of general 600:American Academy of Arts & Sciences 528: 465:Albert Einstein World Award of Science 187:Albert Einstein World Award of Science 453:American Academy of Arts and Sciences 370:in 1954, and a Ph.D. in physics from 7: 736:User:John J. Hopfield – Scholarpedia 536:Hopfield, John J. (March 1, 2014). 397:In 1986 he was a co-founder of the 471:award in statistical physics with 392:California Institute of Technology 384:University of California, Berkeley 251:California Institute of Technology 247:University of California, Berkeley 47:it lacks sufficient corresponding 14: 21:John J. Hopfield (spectroscopist) 1875:21st-century American biologists 1870:20th-century American physicists 1865:21st-century American physicists 798:Monokombu Sambasivan Swaminathan 483:His former PhD students include 32: 640:American Academy of Achievement 461:American Academy of Achievement 457:American Philosophical Society 399:Computation and Neural Systems 16:American scientist (born 1933) 1: 709:Mathematics Genealogy Project 455:in 1975, and a member of the 1845:Princeton University faculty 449:National Academy of Sciences 1330:Charles Christian Lauritsen 1916: 1199:William Francis Gray Swann 18: 1860:Swarthmore College alumni 1855:Cornell University alumni 1766:Sylvester James Gates Jr. 1110:Edward Leamington Nichols 451:in 1973, a member of the 326: 209: 183:American Physical Society 1503:Norman Foster Ramsey Jr. 1336:John Hasbrouck Van Vleck 1164:Thomas Corwin Mendenhall 729:January 2, 2018, at the 401:PhD program at Caltech. 1521:Arthur Leonard Schawlow 1277:Arthur Jeffrey Dempster 1265:Percy Williams Bridgman 1140:Robert Andrews Millikan 374:in 1958 (supervised by 194:Benjamin Franklin Medal 62:more precise citations. 1800:American biophysicists 1420:John Archibald Wheeler 1307:Francis Wheeler Loomis 1241:John Torrence Tate Sr. 1128:Benjamin Osgood Peirce 1086:Henry Augustus Rowland 596:"John Joseph Hopfield" 1623:Jerome Isaac Friedman 1301:J. Robert Oppenheimer 1122:William Francis Magie 1098:Arthur Gordon Webster 839:Albrecht Fleckenstein 724:Homepage at Princeton 435:and a description of 1587:Donald N. Langenberg 1575:Nicolaas Bloembergen 1444:Edward Mills Purcell 1354:Raymond Thayer Birge 1152:Joseph Sweetman Ames 1023:Jean-Pierre Changeux 705:John Joseph Hopfield 618:search.amphilsoc.org 614:"APS Member History" 441:Oliver Buckley Prize 410:Kinetic Proofreading 388:Princeton University 357:John Joseph Hopfield 333:John Joseph Hopfield 243:Princeton University 179:Oliver Buckley Prize 151:Kinetic proofreading 94:John Joseph Hopfield 1760:Philip H. Bucksbaum 1652:William F. Brinkman 1539:Mildred Dresselhaus 1462:Joseph Edward Mayer 1438:Luis Walter Alvarez 1402:John Harry Williams 1229:Harrison M. Randall 1187:Karl Taylor Compton 1092:Albert A. Michelson 686:on October 19, 2013 660:on October 23, 2013 636:www.achievement.org 602:. October 12, 2023. 437:collective dynamics 427:He was awarded the 172:Harold Pender Award 1724:Malcolm R. Beasley 1688:Arthur Bienenstock 1563:James A. Krumhansl 1509:Lewis M. Branscomb 1396:William V. Houston 1366:Henry DeWolf Smyth 1295:Lee Alvin DuBridge 1235:Lyman James Briggs 1223:Floyd K. Richtmyer 1005:Ewine van Dishoeck 881:Charles R. Goldman 875:Jean-Marie Ghuysen 845:Raymond U. Lemieux 578:"John J. Hopfield" 463:. He received the 423:Awards and honours 372:Cornell University 368:Swarthmore College 301:David J. C. MacKay 133:Cornell University 129:Swarthmore College 1825:MacArthur Fellows 1787: 1786: 1718:Michael S. Turner 1557:Val Logsdon Fitch 1527:Maurice Goldhaber 1491:William A. Fowler 1426:Charles H. Townes 1313:Isidor Isaac Rabi 1146:Henry A. Bumstead 1038: 1037: 928:Ralph J. Cicerone 863:Herbert H. Jasper 810:Margaret Burbidge 582:www.nasonline.org 493:Bertrand Halperin 380:Bell Laboratories 376:Albert Overhauser 345:prior to his work 330: 329: 297:Bertrand Halperin 285:Doctoral students 279:Albert Overhauser 225:Molecular biology 211:Scientific career 205: 198: 191: 176: 169: 117:Chicago, Illinois 88: 87: 80: 1907: 1694:Cherry A. Murray 1611:D. Allan Bromley 1581:Ernest M. Henley 1569:Eugen Merzbacher 1545:Robert R. Wilson 1384:Victor Weisskopf 1378:George Uhlenbeck 1253:George B. Pegram 1065: 1058: 1051: 1042: 958:John T. Houghton 916:Daniel H. Janzen 857:Sherwood Rowland 786:Ricardo Bressani 765: 758: 751: 742: 711: 702: 696: 695: 693: 691: 682:. Archived from 676: 670: 669: 667: 665: 656:. Archived from 650: 644: 643: 628: 622: 621: 610: 604: 603: 592: 586: 585: 574: 568: 567: 557: 533: 485:Sir David MacKay 414:action potential 362:He received his 341:Hopfield network 274:Doctoral advisor 268: 203: 196: 189: 174: 167: 143:Hopfield network 113: 109: 107: 90: 83: 76: 72: 69: 63: 58:this article by 49:inline citations 36: 35: 28: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1906: 1905: 1904: 1790: 1789: 1788: 1783: 1772:Frances Hellman 1670:Marvin L. Cohen 1658:Myriam Sarachik 1646:George Trilling 1634: 1629:James S. Langer 1605:J.R. Schrieffer 1515:Herman Feshbach 1479: 1474:Chien-Shiung Wu 1456:Philip M. Morse 1390:Frederick Seitz 1318: 1283:Harvey Fletcher 1175: 1074: 1069: 1039: 1034: 987:Michael Grätzel 963: 946:Fraser Stoddart 910:Niels Birbaumer 892: 887:Robert Weinberg 821: 774: 769: 731:Wayback Machine 720: 715: 714: 703: 699: 689: 687: 678: 677: 673: 663: 661: 652: 651: 647: 630: 629: 625: 612: 611: 607: 594: 593: 589: 576: 575: 571: 535: 534: 530: 525: 489:Terry Sejnowski 481: 469:Boltzmann Medal 425: 353: 319: 315: 313:Terry Sejnowski 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 266: 249: 245: 241: 201:Boltzmann Medal 199: 192: 185: 177: 170: 149: 145: 131: 125:Alma mater 120: 114: 111: 105: 103: 95: 84: 73: 67: 64: 54:Please help to 53: 37: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1913: 1911: 1903: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1792: 1791: 1785: 1784: 1782: 1781: 1775: 1769: 1763: 1757: 1751: 1745: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1721: 1715: 1712:Robert L. Byer 1709: 1703: 1697: 1691: 1685: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1661: 1655: 1649: 1642: 1640: 1636: 1635: 1633: 1632: 1626: 1620: 1617:Andrew Sessler 1614: 1608: 1602: 1599:C. Kumar Patel 1596: 1593:Burton Richter 1590: 1584: 1578: 1572: 1566: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1536: 1533:Robert Marshak 1530: 1524: 1518: 1512: 1506: 1500: 1494: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1478: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1459: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1435: 1429: 1423: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1399: 1393: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1369: 1363: 1357: 1351: 1345: 1339: 1333: 1326: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1317: 1316: 1310: 1304: 1298: 1292: 1286: 1280: 1274: 1271:Albert W. Hull 1268: 1262: 1259:George Stewart 1256: 1250: 1244: 1238: 1232: 1226: 1220: 1217:Robert W. Wood 1214: 1211:Arthur Compton 1208: 1202: 1196: 1190: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1176: 1174: 1173: 1167: 1161: 1158:Theodore Lyman 1155: 1149: 1143: 1137: 1134:Ernest Merritt 1131: 1125: 1119: 1113: 1107: 1101: 1095: 1089: 1082: 1080: 1076: 1075: 1070: 1068: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1045: 1036: 1035: 1033: 1032: 1029:Zhong Lin Wang 1026: 1020: 1014: 1008: 1002: 996: 990: 984: 978: 975:Julio Montaner 971: 969: 965: 964: 962: 961: 955: 949: 943: 937: 931: 925: 919: 913: 907: 900: 898: 894: 893: 891: 890: 884: 878: 872: 866: 860: 854: 848: 842: 836: 829: 827: 823: 822: 820: 819: 813: 807: 801: 795: 789: 782: 780: 776: 775: 770: 768: 767: 760: 753: 745: 739: 738: 733: 719: 718:External links 716: 713: 712: 697: 671: 645: 623: 605: 587: 569: 527: 526: 524: 521: 513:Eric Mjolsness 480: 477: 424: 421: 352: 349: 337:neural network 328: 327: 324: 323: 286: 282: 281: 276: 270: 269: 260: 254: 253: 236: 232: 231: 218: 214: 213: 207: 206: 158: 154: 153: 140: 139:Known for 136: 135: 126: 122: 121: 115: 101: 97: 96: 93: 86: 85: 40: 38: 31: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1912: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1810:Living people 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1797: 1795: 1779: 1778:Robert Rosner 1776: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1748:Roger Falcone 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1700:Curtis Callan 1698: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1677: 1676:John Hopfield 1674: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1621: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1475: 1472: 1469: 1468:Pief Panofsky 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1450:Robert Serber 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1408:Robert Bacher 1406: 1403: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1289:Edward Condon 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1206: 1205:Paul D. 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Retrieved 684:the original 674: 662:. Retrieved 658:the original 648: 635: 626: 617: 608: 599: 590: 581: 572: 545: 541: 531: 517:JosĂ© Onuchic 501:Erik Winfree 482: 426: 418: 403: 396: 361: 354: 332: 331: 317:Erik Winfree 309:JosĂ© Onuchic 305:Gerald Mahan 262: 235:Institutions 229:Neuroscience 210: 74: 65: 46: 25: 1805:1933 births 1754:David Gross 1730:Sam Aronson 1664:Helen Quinn 1497:George Pake 1414:Felix Bloch 1372:Jesse Beams 1247:John Zeleny 922:Martin Rees 804:Hugh Huxley 690:October 19, 548:(1): 1–13. 509:Li Zhaoping 473:Deepak Dhar 429:Dirac Medal 390:(physics), 386:(physics), 321:Li Zhaoping 161:Dirac Medal 60:introducing 1794:Categories 1736:Homer Neal 1193:Henry Gale 1116:Henry Crew 1104:Carl Barus 993:Paul Nurse 952:Ada Yonath 664:August 13, 523:References 106:1933-07-15 43:references 1484:1976–2000 1360:E. Wigner 1323:1951–1975 1180:1926–1950 1079:1899–1925 851:Ali Javan 564:1947-5454 406:polariton 351:Biography 239:Bell Labs 147:Polariton 1348:H. Bethe 727:Archived 479:Students 707:at the 221:Physics 181:of the 163:of the 56:improve 1780:(2023) 1774:(2022) 1768:(2021) 1762:(2020) 1756:(2019) 1750:(2018) 1744:(2017) 1738:(2016) 1732:(2015) 1726:(2014) 1720:(2013) 1714:(2012) 1708:(2011) 1702:(2010) 1696:(2009) 1690:(2008) 1684:(2007) 1678:(2006) 1672:(2005) 1666:(2004) 1660:(2003) 1654:(2002) 1648:(2001) 1631:(2000) 1625:(1999) 1619:(1998) 1613:(1997) 1607:(1996) 1601:(1995) 1595:(1994) 1589:(1993) 1583:(1992) 1577:(1991) 1571:(1990) 1565:(1989) 1559:(1987) 1553:(1986) 1547:(1985) 1541:(1984) 1535:(1983) 1529:(1982) 1523:(1981) 1517:(1980) 1511:(1979) 1505:(1978) 1499:(1977) 1493:(1976) 1476:(1975) 1470:(1974) 1464:(1973) 1458:(1972) 1452:(1971) 1446:(1970) 1440:(1969) 1434:(1968) 1428:(1967) 1422:(1966) 1416:(1965) 1410:(1964) 1404:(1963) 1398:(1962) 1392:(1961) 1386:(1960) 1380:(1959) 1374:(1958) 1368:(1957) 1362:(1956) 1356:(1955) 1350:(1954) 1344:(1953) 1338:(1952) 1332:(1951) 1315:(1950) 1309:(1949) 1303:(1948) 1297:(1947) 1291:(1946) 1285:(1945) 1279:(1944) 1273:(1943) 1267:(1942) 1261:(1941) 1255:(1941) 1249:(1940) 1243:(1939) 1237:(1938) 1231:(1937) 1225:(1936) 1219:(1935) 1213:(1934) 1207:(1933) 1201:(1931) 1195:(1929) 1189:(1927) 1172:(1925) 1166:(1923) 1160:(1921) 1154:(1919) 1148:(1918) 1142:(1916) 1136:(1914) 1130:(1913) 1124:(1911) 1118:(1909) 1112:(1907) 1106:(1905) 1100:(1903) 1094:(1901) 1088:(1899) 1031:(2019) 1025:(2018) 1019:(2017) 1013:(2016) 1007:(2015) 1001:(2014) 995:(2013) 989:(2012) 983:(2011) 977:(2010) 960:(2009) 954:(2008) 948:(2007) 942:(2006) 936:(2005) 930:(2004) 924:(2003) 918:(2002) 912:(2001) 906:(2000) 889:(1999) 883:(1998) 877:(1997) 871:(1996) 865:(1995) 859:(1994) 853:(1993) 847:(1992) 841:(1991) 835:(1990) 818:(1989) 812:(1988) 806:(1987) 800:(1986) 794:(1985) 788:(1984) 562:  267:(1958) 265:  258:Thesis 217:Fields 204:(2022) 197:(2019) 190:(2005) 175:(2002) 168:(2001) 157:Awards 119:, U.S. 45:, but 1639:2001– 968:2010s 897:2000s 826:1990s 779:1980s 366:from 692:2013 666:2013 560:ISSN 515:and 364:A.B. 165:ICTP 100:Born 550:doi 1796:: 638:. 634:. 616:. 598:. 580:. 558:. 544:. 540:. 519:. 511:, 507:, 503:, 499:, 495:, 491:, 487:, 475:. 347:. 227:, 223:, 108:) 1064:e 1057:t 1050:v 764:e 757:t 750:v 694:. 668:. 642:. 620:. 584:. 566:. 552:: 546:5 104:( 81:) 75:( 70:) 66:( 52:. 23:.

Index

John J. Hopfield (spectroscopist)
references
inline citations
improve
introducing
Learn how and when to remove this message
Chicago, Illinois
Swarthmore College
Cornell University
Hopfield network
Polariton
Kinetic proofreading
Dirac Medal
ICTP
Harold Pender Award
Oliver Buckley Prize
American Physical Society
Albert Einstein World Award of Science
Benjamin Franklin Medal
Boltzmann Medal
Physics
Molecular biology
Neuroscience
Bell Labs
Princeton University
University of California, Berkeley
California Institute of Technology
Thesis
Doctoral advisor
Albert Overhauser

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