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each ship in the
British line to cut the French line, raking ships either side as they did so before engaging them in close combat and relying on superior British training and firepower to subdue the enemy. These tactics were only partially successful, primarily because the British captains had never been issued such an order before and many refused to enact it as too risky, most simply engaging the French from a distance or making a show of crossing the line before turning in for close engagement too early. Several captains however were aware of the spirit of the order and made efforts to break through the French line. Among these captains was John Harvey.
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Howe was not planning a regular naval battle of orderly lines and formal engagement but was instead relying on the inexperience of the French revolutionary crews to provide his captains with an opportunity for a large scale victory. Howe ordered his captains to turn towards the French fleet and for
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a few days later. Although seven French ships had been sunk or captured, the grain convoy had slipped by and reached France comparatively untouched, leaving the outcome of the campaign unclear. Harvey died of his wounds in
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taking 44 dead and 114 wounded. Harvey was himself hit three times, losing his right hand to a musket ball, being hit on the back by a large wooden splinter and finally having his elbow shattered by a French roundshot.
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s master requested permission to cut the anchor free, but Harvey replied "No, as we've got her, we'll keep her." During the engagement which followed, both ships suffered terrible casualties,
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who came up at the close of the battle, but her submission was too late and over 300 of her crew drowned when she suddenly heeled over and sank, the rest being picked up by
British boats.
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393:. At the war's conclusion the following year, Harvey retained his active career due to his excellent records and served in several shore appointments, including regulating captain at
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in the
Channel Fleet. The Channel Fleet was not forced to wait long before joining action, Britain going to war in 1793 and a year later becoming embroiled in the battle of the
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s anchor became entangled in the French ships rigging. A vicious close range cannon and musket duel ensued, the two ships hidden by smoke as the battle continued elsewhere.
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Harvey had refused to quit the deck whilst the action continued but on its conclusion was carried below as the
British fleet headed for home,
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terminated a long and highly successful career and made him a celebrity in
Britain, a memorial to his memory being raised in
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Nichols, local gentry. Entering the Navy in 1754, Harvey began a long family naval tradition, taken up by his brother
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but following promotion in 1768 he was again forced to take half-pay on shore for the next eight years, until the
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378:'s fleet in the West Indies. Returning to England early in 1782, Harvey was transferred to the new 64-gun ship
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of 1790 making war inevitable, the Navy again expanded and Harvey was subject to special request from
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twice, killing dozens of her crew and finally driving the ships apart. Both resembled wrecks,
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clearly sinking from the huge holes blasted in her sides. She finally surrendered to
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caused a dramatic increase of the size of the Navy. Briefly commanding the sloop
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and the couple had large family, their sons including several future admirals.
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on 30 June and was buried in Eastry, a memorial raised to him and
Captain
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717:(Subscription ed.). Canterbury: Cross & Jackman. pp. 64â65.
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British military personnel killed in the French
Revolutionary Wars
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216:(9 July 1740 – 30 June 1794) was an officer of the British
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735:. Vol. 4, Part 2. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown.
363:. From 1778 until 1780, Harvey distinguished himself at the
251:, John Harvey was the son of Richard and Elizabeth Harvey
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Dictionary of
British Sculptors, 1660-1851, Rupert Gunnis
583:(who had died of his wounds on the same day), carved by
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returned to
England and was then attached for a year to
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who desired him to command the new and powerful 74-gun
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Royal Navy personnel of the
American Revolutionary War
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Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
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The Harvey & Hutt memorial in Westminster Abbey
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30:
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318:Between 1766 and 1768, Harvey commanded the sloop
220:whose death in the aftermath of the battle of the
599:would later become admirals in their own right.
340:, Harvey was soon promoted once more, making
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770:Royal Navy personnel of the Seven Years' War
679:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
270:in which he stayed for five years into the
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676:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
638:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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420:Portrait of Captain John Harvey of HMS
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259:a few years later. His first ship was
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344:and being given the prime command of
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530:Seeing his brother's predicament,
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21:John Harvey (Royal Navy admiral)
397:and commander of the guardship
16:Royal Navy officer (1740â1794)
1:
728:"John Harvey (a), Esq."
480:on the Glorious First of June
693:UK public library membership
645:, retrieved 21 November 2007
541:sailed to his aid and raked
331:American War of Independence
314:American War of Independence
385:and in her returned to the
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715:Men of Kent and Kentishmen
171:American Revolutionary War
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707:Hutchinson, John (1892).
412:French Revolutionary Wars
188:French Revolutionary Wars
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591:. Two of Harvey's sons,
494:opponent was the 74-gun
365:Great Siege of Gibraltar
280:Admiral Francis Holburne
176:Great Siege of Gibraltar
274:. In 1759, promoted to
224:where he had commanded
685:10.1093/ref:odnb/12524
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461:Glorious First of June
451:Glorious First of June
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391:Battle of Cape Spartel
278:with the patronage of
222:Glorious First of June
193:Glorious First of June
181:Battle of Cape Spartel
733:Royal Naval Biography
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282:and distant relation
138:Years of service
19:For the admiral, see
286:, Harvey joined the
790:Royal Navy captains
765:Royal Navy officers
710:"John Harvey"
357:Admiral Robert Duff
760:People from Eastry
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691:(Subscription or
597:Sir Edward Harvey
589:Westminster Abbey
547:Vengeur du Peuple
543:Vengeur du Peuple
497:Vengeur du Peuple
478:Vengeur du Peuple
437:Admiral Lord Howe
433:French Revolution
233:Westminster Abbey
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670:"Harvey, John"
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239:Early career
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159:Battles/wars
83:(1794-06-30)
81:30 June 1794
25:
755:1794 deaths
750:1740 births
268:fourth rate
214:John Harvey
65:9 July 1740
44:John Harvey
32:John Harvey
744:Categories
695:required.)
662:References
585:John Bacon
577:Portsmouth
276:lieutenant
218:Royal Navy
150:Royal Navy
132:Royal Navy
98:Allegiance
88:Portsmouth
61:1740-07-09
581:John Hutt
570:reaching
568:Brunswick
558:HMS
551:HMS
538:Ramillies
536:HMS
516:Brunswick
509:Brunswick
502:Brunswick
489:Brunswick
470:Brunswick
446:Brunswick
444:HMS
431:With the
422:Brunswick
406:Sheerness
399:HMS
380:HMS
370:In 1780,
361:Gibraltar
346:HMS
337:Speedwell
335:HMS
320:HMS
301:HMS
291:HMS
261:HMS
228:Brunswick
226:HMS
141:1754-1794
92:Hampshire
725:(1835).
572:Spithead
553:Culloden
401:Arrogant
353:flagship
327:Scotland
303:Arethusa
263:Falmouth
212:Captain
118:Service/
474:Achille
382:Sampson
372:Panther
348:Panther
298:frigate
195: (
153:Captain
689:
587:is in
560:Alfred
293:Hornet
245:Eastry
129:
120:branch
108:
68:Eastry
603:Notes
512:'
505:'
492:'
424:, by
322:Alarm
595:and
556:and
476:and
395:Deal
325:off
296:and
249:Kent
146:Rank
78:Died
72:Kent
55:Born
681:doi
404:at
359:at
355:of
253:nÊe
198:DOW
46:by
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713:.
673:.
641:,
635:,
611:^
408:.
247:,
235:.
90:,
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63:)
59:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
