154:
and conclude with an invocation to young Hugh — whose alleged fate neither he nor his audience were likely to question. John de
Lexington died in January, 1257, and his elegant learning will not be described in any history of mediaeval thought, yet his tale of young Hugh of Lincoln became a strand in English literature and a support for irrational beliefs about Jews from 1255 to Auschwitz. It is time he received his due credit.
141:, he imprisoned a Jew named Copin or Jopin and obtained a confession in return for a promise to save his life (a promise the king repudiated). Given Lexington's personal relationship with the Bishop and other clerics in Lincoln, there is considerable suspicion that he pushed King Henry towards dealing with the Jews severely, and with the knowledge that the accusations had no basis in fact. Langmuir says of Lexington:
336:
153:
to write a vivid garbled yarn that would ring in men's minds for centuries and blind modern historians. A century and a half later, Geoffrey
Chaucer, after letting the legend of the singing boy slip from the prioress' lips, would inevitably be reminded of England's most famous proof of Jewish evil
161:
called him a man of weight and learning and a brave and accomplished knight. His arms were a cross azure on a shield argent. He married a woman named
Margaret (or Margery) de Merlay, daughter of Richard d'Umfraville of Prudhoe and widow of Roger de Merlay, Baron Morpeth. They had no children.
121:
in 1247 and possibly at other times. After 1248 there is evidence that he served as a judge. In 1250, he inherited the barony and lands of his brother Robert. By 1255 he was serving as chief justice of the forests north of the Trent, and warden of
165:
His estate went to his brother Henry, the bishop of
Lincoln, and on his death in 1258 to the descendants of their two sisters, Alice and Cecilia, wives of Roland de Sutton and William Markham, since none of his brothers left heirs.
448:
38:, but other scholars believe he merely held the royal seals while the office was vacant or the chancellor was abroad. He served two terms, once from 1247 to 1248, and again from 1249 to 1250.
346:
434:
897:
873:
145:
what he did powerfully affected those predisposed to think evil of Jews then and for centuries to come. He incited the weakly credulous Henry III to give the
117:, Dafydd's half-brother, to London. In 1242 he was appointed to a truce commission to correct infringements of the truce with France. He served as the king's
109:
and a number of prelates were captured; he helped save the life of his brother
Stephen, who was present. On his return he was part of the expedition against
175:
909:
792:
258:
953:
948:
441:
603:
648:
355:
319:
840:
138:
426:
54:. His father Richard was a royal judge and married Mathilda de Cauz (or Calz), a widow with holdings that included
943:
114:
47:
309:
34:) (died 1257) was a baron and royal official in 13th century England. He has been described as having been
483:
857:
728:
958:
774:
738:
705:
699:
665:
507:
473:
464:
90:
75:
786:
768:
614:
573:
537:
418:
834:
642:
457:
131:
110:
63:
59:
903:
891:
780:
762:
750:
254:
102:
71:
822:
816:
804:
624:
555:
127:
94:
921:
756:
744:
717:
687:
591:
561:
549:
495:
460:
408:
381:
296:
123:
83:
67:
55:
51:
35:
273:
915:
810:
798:
711:
630:
585:
579:
308:
937:
879:
867:
828:
675:
654:
597:
567:
543:
525:
513:
501:
489:
401:
391:
374:
340:
158:
150:
885:
693:
681:
636:
93:
to a proposed papal conference in 1241 and was present at a naval battle near the
46:
Lexington was a member of a prominent family whose name came from the village of
846:
146:
79:
350:
314:
118:
339: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
106:
289:"The Knight's Tale of Young Hugh of Lincoln", Gavin I. Langmuir,
98:
430:
253:. Morpeth: Greater Morpeth Development Trust. p. 84.
82:
monk and administrator, ultimately serving as Abbot of
274:
https://ourfolkgen.com/ourfolk/ged_person.htm?id=3032
856:
727:
664:
613:
472:
214:
212:
210:
208:
206:
204:
149:the blessing of royal authority, and he inspired
293:, Vol. 47, No. 3 (July 1972), pp. 459–482.
62:, a judge and royal official; another brother,
359:. Vol. 33. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
323:. Vol. 33. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
442:
303:2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961
8:
16:English baron and royal official (1200–1257)
449:
435:
427:
363:
176:List of lord chancellors and lord keepers
187:
66:, held royal offices before becoming
7:
218:
113:of Wales and conveyed the hostage
14:
356:Dictionary of National Biography
334:
320:Dictionary of National Biography
301:Handbook of British Chronology
196:Handbook of British Chronology
1:
276:de Lexington Family genealogy
139:Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln
137:In response to the death of
58:. His youngest brother was
954:13th-century English people
949:Lord chancellors of England
89:John Lexington was sent by
975:
898:1st Baron Scrope of Bolton
874:1st Baron Scrope of Bolton
415:
406:
398:
388:
379:
371:
366:
310:"Lexinton, John de"
249:Gubbins, Bridget (2018).
239:Langmuir (1972), p481-482
230:Langmuir (1972), p478-482
115:Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr
345:Hunt, William (1893). "
307:Hunt, William (1893).
156:
147:ritual murder fantasy
143:
775:Richard de Wentworth
508:Silvester de Everdon
465:House of Plantagenet
76:Stephen of Lexington
74:. A fourth brother,
910:1st Earl of Suffolk
793:1st Baron Bourchier
787:Robert de Stratford
769:Robert de Stratford
574:Thomas de Cantilupe
538:William of Kilkenny
419:William of Kilkenny
297:Powicke, F. Maurice
105:ships defeated the
835:William of Wykeham
643:William Greenfield
367:Political offices
111:Dafydd ap Llywelyn
64:Henry of Lexington
60:Robert of Lexinton
20:Sir John Lexington
931:
930:
904:Robert Braybrooke
892:William Courtenay
781:John de Stratford
763:John de Stratford
751:John de Stratford
604:Richard Middleton
425:
424:
416:Succeeded by
389:Succeeded by
347:Lexinton, John de
260:978-0-9568683-8-1
251:De Merlay Dynasty
72:Bishop of Lincoln
50:, now Laxton, in
966:
944:Lord chancellors
823:William Edington
817:John of Thoresby
805:Robert Sadington
649:William Hamilton
625:Walter de Merton
556:Walter de Merton
461:Lord Chancellors
451:
444:
437:
428:
413:1249–1250
399:Preceded by
386:1247–1248
372:Preceded by
364:
360:
338:
337:
324:
312:
299:and E. B. Fryde
277:
271:
265:
264:
246:
240:
237:
231:
228:
222:
216:
199:
192:
95:Isola del Giglio
974:
973:
969:
968:
967:
965:
964:
963:
934:
933:
932:
927:
922:Edmund Stafford
860:
852:
757:Richard de Bury
745:Henry Burghersh
731:
723:
718:William Ayermin
688:Walter Reynolds
668:
660:
617:
609:
592:Godfrey Giffard
562:Nicholas of Ely
550:Nicholas of Ely
496:Richard le Gras
476:
468:
455:
421:
412:
409:Lord Chancellor
404:
394:
385:
382:Lord Chancellor
377:
344:
335:
306:
286:
281:
280:
272:
268:
261:
248:
247:
243:
238:
234:
229:
225:
217:
202:
193:
189:
184:
172:
68:Dean of Lincoln
56:Sherwood Forest
52:Nottinghamshire
44:
36:Lord Chancellor
17:
12:
11:
5:
972:
970:
962:
961:
956:
951:
946:
936:
935:
929:
928:
926:
925:
919:
916:Thomas Arundel
913:
907:
901:
895:
889:
883:
877:
871:
864:
862:
854:
853:
851:
850:
844:
838:
832:
826:
820:
814:
811:John de Ufford
808:
802:
799:Robert Parning
796:
790:
784:
778:
772:
766:
760:
754:
748:
742:
735:
733:
725:
724:
722:
721:
715:
712:Robert Baldock
709:
703:
697:
691:
685:
679:
672:
670:
662:
661:
659:
658:
652:
646:
640:
634:
631:Robert Burnell
628:
621:
619:
611:
610:
608:
607:
601:
595:
589:
586:Walter Giffard
583:
580:Ralph Sandwich
577:
571:
565:
559:
553:
547:
541:
535:
532:John Lexington
529:
523:
520:John Lexington
517:
511:
505:
499:
493:
487:
480:
478:
470:
469:
456:
454:
453:
446:
439:
431:
423:
422:
417:
414:
405:
400:
396:
395:
390:
387:
378:
373:
369:
368:
362:
361:
331:
330:
326:
325:
304:
294:
285:
282:
279:
278:
266:
259:
241:
232:
223:
200:
186:
185:
183:
180:
179:
178:
171:
168:
43:
40:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
971:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
880:Simon Sudbury
878:
875:
872:
869:
868:Adam Houghton
866:
865:
863:
859:
855:
848:
845:
842:
841:Robert Thorpe
839:
836:
833:
830:
829:Simon Langham
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
736:
734:
730:
726:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
676:Ralph Baldock
674:
673:
671:
667:
663:
656:
655:Ralph Baldock
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
622:
620:
616:
612:
605:
602:
599:
598:John Chishull
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
568:John Chishull
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
544:Henry Wingham
542:
539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
526:John Maunsell
524:
521:
518:
515:
514:John Maunsell
512:
509:
506:
503:
502:Ralph Neville
500:
497:
494:
491:
490:Ralph Neville
488:
485:
484:Richard Marsh
482:
481:
479:
475:
471:
466:
462:
459:
452:
447:
445:
440:
438:
433:
432:
429:
420:
411:
410:
403:
402:John Maunsell
397:
393:
392:John Maunsell
384:
383:
376:
375:John Maunsell
370:
365:
358:
357:
352:
348:
342:
341:public domain
333:
332:
328:
327:
322:
321:
316:
311:
305:
302:
298:
295:
292:
288:
287:
283:
275:
270:
267:
262:
256:
252:
245:
242:
236:
233:
227:
224:
220:
215:
213:
211:
209:
207:
205:
201:
197:
191:
188:
181:
177:
174:
173:
169:
167:
163:
160:
159:Matthew Paris
155:
152:
151:Matthew Paris
148:
142:
140:
135:
133:
129:
125:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
87:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
41:
39:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
886:Hugh Segrave
694:John Sandale
682:John Langton
637:John Langton
531:
519:
407:
380:
354:
318:
300:
290:
269:
250:
244:
235:
226:
195:
190:
164:
157:
144:
136:
88:
45:
32:de Lexington
31:
27:
23:
19:
18:
959:1257 deaths
924:(1396–1399)
918:(1391–1396)
912:(1383–1386)
906:(1382–1383)
900:(1381–1382)
882:(1380–1381)
876:(1378–1380)
870:(1377–1378)
861:(1377–1399)
849:(1372–1377)
847:John Knyvet
843:(1371–1372)
837:(1367–1371)
831:(1363–1367)
825:(1356–1363)
819:(1349–1356)
813:(1345–1349)
807:(1343–1345)
801:(1341–1343)
795:(1340–1341)
777:(1338–1339)
771:(1337–1338)
765:(1335–1337)
759:(1334–1335)
753:(1330–1334)
747:(1328–1330)
741:(1327–1328)
739:John Hotham
732:(1327–1377)
720:(1326–1327)
714:(1323–1326)
708:(1320–1323)
706:John Salmon
702:(1318–1320)
700:John Hotham
696:(1314–1318)
690:(1310–1314)
684:(1307–1310)
669:(1307–1327)
651:(1305–1307)
645:(1302–1305)
639:(1292–1302)
633:(1274–1292)
627:(1272–1274)
618:(1272–1307)
606:(1269–1272)
600:(1268–1269)
594:(1266–1268)
588:(1265–1266)
576:(1264–1265)
570:(1263–1264)
558:(1261–1263)
552:(1260–1261)
546:(1255–1260)
540:(1250–1255)
534:(1249–1250)
528:(1248–1249)
522:(1247–1248)
516:(1246–1247)
510:(1244–1246)
504:(1242–1244)
498:(1240–1242)
492:(1226–1240)
486:(1216–1226)
477:(1216–1272)
467:(1216–1399)
351:Lee, Sidney
329:Attribution
315:Lee, Sidney
132:Scarborough
78:, became a
938:Categories
858:Richard II
729:Edward III
463:under the
284:References
80:Cistercian
28:Lessington
666:Edward II
474:Henry III
219:Hunt 1893
134:castles.
128:Pickering
119:seneschal
97:in which
91:Henry III
84:Clairvaux
70:and then
48:Lexington
615:Edward I
291:Speculum
194:Powicke
170:See also
124:Bamburgh
103:Sicilian
24:Lexinton
458:English
353:(ed.).
343::
317:(ed.).
107:Genoese
30:; also
894:(1381)
888:(1381)
789:(1340)
783:(1340)
678:(1307)
657:(1307)
582:(1265)
564:(1263)
349:". In
257:
130:, and
313:. In
198:p. 83
182:Notes
99:Pisan
255:ISBN
101:and
42:Life
22:(or
26:or
940::
203:^
126:,
86:.
450:e
443:t
436:v
263:.
221:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.