395:. He seriously underestimated the logistical difficulties involved in shipping large consignments of fragile blocks across the Atlantic. He soon realised that he had accepted an uneconomic contract and his company began to incur serious debts when payments were delayed. Delivery of one consignment was held back when a ship had to turn back to England and other payments were delayed when the building contractors were unable to relate the pieces supplied to the intended spaces on the building. From the beginning of 1873 Blashfield was requesting money from his American clients with increasing desperation and by December 1874 the Stamford works, including models, moulds and machinery, was offered for sale. In the following month Blashfield announced that the firm was being wound up and he was declared bankrupt in 1878. After the collapse of the business a number of Blashfield's former employees emigrated to America, where they played an important role in the introduction of architectural terracotta. He died "after a short illness of bronchitis followed by paralysis" on 15 December 1882.
404:
607:
33:
144:
347:, which was convenient for bringing clay in and shipping terracotta out. The gateway to Blashfield's Terracotta works, which was formerly the gateway to Grant's Ironworks still stands in Wharf Road in Stamford, although it has been slightly re-positioned. The opening of the new works attracted considerable public interest. The local aristocracy attended the drawing of the first kiln and one of the busts of the Queen that had been fired was presented to her the following day. In 1865 the firm made a statue of
336:
415:
759:, Tuscany, Italy. Royal arms and frieze of roses, shamrocks and thistles. Thermal springs patronised by Byron, Browning and other English tourists. In 1839 permission was granted to build an English church, and Giuseppe Pardini built a church which resembles a palace rather than a church. The three storey building is extensively decorated with reddish terracotta friezes and a prominent ‘gothic’ portico. The building is now used as a library.
633:
625:
599:
320:, in order to exploit the local Jurassic clays, which were particularly suitable for terracotta production. The Wharf Road works were considerably larger than Blashfield's London premises and in the 1861 census he was calling himself Terra Cotta Manufacturer and Pottery Company and was employing 46 Men and 13 Boys. Most of the clay he used was from brickyards in the vicinity of Stamford at
548:
200:
309:
711:
372:
231:, but this has been disputed as Coade's bankruptcy was some years before and few of his designs resemble those of Coade, except for the shape of some of the urns. The buff colour and texture of Blashfield's Terracotta can resemble the appearance of Coade stone. Blashfield's main works was in Millwall but he had showrooms at
363:, mixed with feldspar and Lynn sand’ and was assembled inside the kiln and fired in one piece. It emerged from the kiln ‘without flaw’ and ‘as hard as black marble’. This use of complex blends of ingredients and the highly wrought finish were typical of Blashfield's scientific approach to terracotta production.
227:. As result of the popularity of terracotta pieces at the Great Exhibition of 1851, he turned increasingly towards the manufacture of garden furniture, parapets and urns. It has been claimed that at about this time he purchased the moulds from Eleanor Coade's Lambeth works that had been used to produce
242:
at
Sydenham in 1854 Blashfield was awarded the contract, to cast a series of colossal terracotta statues representing Australia, California, Birmingham and Sheffield by John Bell for display in the sculpture gallery at Crystal Palace. The sculptures were later destroyed when the Crystal Palace was
283:
took charge of the letting of this newly available land and they planned for a series of detached villas, each situated within its own plot of land. Blashfield leased twenty of the thirty-three plots for building in July 1843. Blashfield’s first house was one of the most notable of the entire
163:
and mosaic pavements, which he took over in 1846. In 1843 he published a small booklet on mosaics he had designed and in 1843/45 he was responsible for the mosaic floor at the old
Conservative Club in St James's Street, London. He became interested in the manufacture of
433:
Some terracotta production was carried out in
Stamford apart from at Blashfield's works. Henry Lumby was noted as a terracotta manufacturer on a site in St Martin's, Stamford in 1868 and 1872 and in 1863 Charles Joseph Whitton had a works in London Road.
656:
1867-8 Terrace gardens, Castle Ashby Park, Castle Ashby – South
Northamptonshire. Terraced gardens, to north and east of Castle Ashby House. Designed by Matthew Digby Wyatt with decorated Blashfield terracotta. Fountains, pedestals, balustrades and gate
675:. Built for Phipps Brewery of Northampton as a store for wines and spirits. Terracotta rustication and window surrounds, with a parapet inscribed with the name of the brewery. The parapet is surmounted with the arms of Northampton. Now offices.
1168:"Examples of terra cotta chimney shafts, chimney pots, etc. : manufactured by John Marriott Blashfield, Stamford, Lincolnshire. : Blashfield, J. M. (John Marriott) : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive"
300:’ design. After this Blashfield struggled to find buyers for his houses, eventually going bankrupt in 1847. He appears to have kept this enterprise separate from his manufacturing business and continued to develop the latter.
426:. Parapet with panels at quoins supporting carved urns, with the name 'P & R Phipps, Brewers' below crest of castle with lion supporters and motto. Head of Hermes over doorway and carriage door to right of eight panels,
403:
422:
Some buildings in
Stamford would appear to be using Blashfield's terracotta for decorative dressing, most notably the former Scotgate Inn. This is a two-storey building formerly used as a depot for
1321:
989:"John Marriot Blashfield", Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951, University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII, online database 2011
235:
adjacent to the
Edgware Road in Paddington. In the 1851 Balshfield was still describing himself as a “cement manufacturer’’ and at that time was employing 5 Clerks and 35 Men.
1197:
Pollard, Richard; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2006), Lancashire: Liverpool and the South-West, The
Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, pp. 328–329,
1605:
1448:
596:, relief panels (modelled by Matthew Eden) The terracotta panels of the processes of industry were modelled by Mathew Eden and produced by John Marriott Blashfield.
962:
F. H. W. Sheppard (Editor) 'The Crown estate in
Kensington Palace Gardens: Individual buildings', Survey of London: Northern Kensington (1973), volume 37pp. 162–193.
896:
1595:
769:
514:. (8 Plates), bound with ‘‘Examples of Terra Cotta Consoles, Trusses, Console Cappings, Brackets, Pilasters, &c for Doorways, Windows, Shop Fronts &c
471:
An account of the history and manufacture of ancient and modern terra cotta; And of its use in architecture as a durable and elegant material for decoration
1580:
391:" near Boston. This was followed by the much more prestigious project, supplying terracotta ornament and decorative panels (designed by Colling) for the
1527:
176:, Dorset. This appears to have led to his manufacturing terracotta ornamentation for buildings. In the early 1840s he supplied an extensive series of
1600:
1325:
512:(8 Plates). bound with ‘‘Domestic Architecture:Terra Cotta Doorways, Windows, Balconies, Consoles, Copings, Plinths, Date and Monogram Panels etc.
942:
Mapping the
Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/reference.php?id=ann_1225386795
296:
architecture he encountered in Egypt, Turkey and Spain during his early twenties. Jones’s plans for the house included a significant amount of ‘
1566:
952:
606:
359:, Hants. It was of ‘clays from the estate of Mr Arthur Helps, at Bishops Waltham, and clay from the Marquis of Exeter’s celebrated pit at
32:
1505:
1213:
Haslam R and
Scourfield R, “Powys:Buildings of Wales”, 2nd edition, Yale University Press 2013. The design of the pedant and armourial
1091:
280:
1282:
1202:
1500:
1452:
1086:
1016:
1389:
The Royal Commission on Historical Monuments of England Inventory of Historical Monuments in the Town of Stamford, HMSO, 1977
1167:
900:
392:
387:. When Sturgis returned to Boston in the US in 1861, he started importing terracotta from Stamford for his first project "
1145:
686:
643:
as "one of the finest examples of Victorian gothic architecture he had ever seen", and in 1988 its future was secured.
510:
Examples of Terracotta Balustrades, Panels or Perforated Tracery Ornament, Terminals, etc. for Parapets, Terraces etc.
177:
203:
Garthmyl Hall Pediment showing terracotta including armorial and ornamented chimney stacks designed by J.K. Colling
196:, for whom he produced terracotta versions of sculptures which were originally sculpted in marble or cast in iron.
285:
1268:
123:. He originally worked for the cement makers Wyatt, Parker and & Co in Millwall, but moved the business to
120:
866:
The Terracotta Revival: Building Innovation and the Image of the Industrial City in Britain and North America
846:
The Terracotta Revival: Building Innovation and the Image of the Industrial City in Britain and North America
263:
vases. Blashfield was proud of the fact that his products were hand-finished and taken from the best moulds.
251:
in 1857. These terracottas included replicas of classical statuary and vases, such as the Niobe group in the
1531:
325:
776:
672:
619:
572:
568:
561:
380:
348:
317:
289:
224:
220:
143:
124:
1298:
578:
1854 Crystal Palace, Sydenham. Statues of Australia, California, Birmingham and Sheffield (modelled by
343:
Blashfield had taken over Grant's Iron foundry in Stamford, which was in Wharf Road and adjacent to the
1590:
1585:
1474:
679:
661:
579:
499:
A catalogue of seven hundred articles: Made in patent terra cotta, and red and cane-coloured pottery.
384:
189:
535:
1843–45. Mosaic flooring in the saloon of the old Conservative Club, St James's Street, London SW1.
731:
356:
1565:
Chris Hill History, Kensington Palace Gardens: The Victorian Creation of an Elite Suburban Street
837:
F. H. W. Sheppard (Editor) 'The Crown estate in Kensington Palace Gardens: Individual buildings',
951:
Chris Hill History Kensington Palace Gardens: The Victorian Creation of an Elite Suburban Street
589:
557:
239:
207:
Blashfield was well connected and patronised by some of the leading architects, particularly the
1005:
990:
714:
The Duchess of Kent's mausoleum at Frogmore with urns and balustrades, presumably by Blashfield.
335:
1278:
1198:
719:
650:
640:
276:
216:
1496:
1263:
1082:
632:
219:
Blashfield also derived many of his ideas for designs from the architects and illustrators
624:
560:, Liverpool. Possible use of Blashfield’s Terracotta for friezes and dressings. Designs by
414:
430:
rusticated arch with monogram on keystone. It is also used for a shop at 30 High Street.
1122:
782:
762:
756:
737:
408:
181:
1574:
1274:
540:
536:
352:
344:
212:
193:
173:
734:, Lincolnshire. Diana and a Stag. Probably urns and other ornamentation on Orangery.
188:. In the mid 1840s he started working with leading English sculptors, most notably
1188:
Watkin, David. "Cultured Club." bd: The Architects' Website. Viewed 9 October 2008.
622:, Plymouth, Devon. Decorative terracotta work for the architect C Forster Hayward.
427:
379:
While still in London Blashfiield had been working with the architect and designer
328:, and Lower Estuarine clays from St Martin's, Stamford, but he still imported some
272:
232:
208:
128:
598:
16:
English property developer and mosaic floor and ornamental terracotta manufacturer
585:
1854 Triton fountain (modelled by John Bell) for the Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford.
749:
743:
228:
155:
representative in London and a partner in the firm of Wyatt, Parker & Co of
1560:
547:
375:
Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, demolished 1906, showing Blashfield's terracotta
199:
615:
c1865 Victoria Park, Mumbai (Bombay), India. Entrance gateway and clock-tower.
423:
169:
165:
37:
Dulwich College, Main Entrance – showing ornamental terracotta by Blashfield.
329:
308:
160:
710:
245:
An Account of the History and Manufacture of Ancient and Modern Terra Cotta
705:
665:
480:. Plates, with an introduction. Published by John Weale, 59, High Holborn
388:
360:
321:
297:
256:
156:
243:
burnt down. To publicise his terracottas Blashfield published in 1855
575:. Ornamental friezes and consoles. Coat of arms with foliage and roses.
332:
via Poole in Dorset and elsewhere from clay pits near the south coast.
293:
185:
152:
678:
1875 Replacement of terracotta window mullions and two new windows at
371:
518:
Examples of Terra Cotta Cornices, String Courses, Moulded Bricks Etc.
275:
sold off land which had formerly been part of the kitchen gardens of
260:
252:
639:
When threatened with demolition in 1977 the hotel was described by
709:
631:
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605:
597:
546:
413:
402:
370:
334:
307:
198:
142:
649:
1866-7 Dulwich College, London. Decorative ornaments designed by
818:
Taste and the Antique; The Lure of Classical Sculpture 1500–1900
485:
A catalogue of five hundred articles, made of patent Terra cotta
478:
A Selection of Vases, Statues, Busts, & c. from Terra-Cottas
1235:(Pevsner Architectural Guides: Buildings of England), 1975, 305
708:, Windsor. Urns and possibly the balustrades to the staircase.
520:(8 Plates)Published by J.M. Blashfield, Stamford, January 1868–
316:
In 1859 terracotta production was transferred from London to
1006:
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=129487#s4
877:
Watkin, David. "Cultured Club." bd: The Architects' Website.
1555:
John F. H. Smith, "Blashfield, John Marriott (1811–1882)",
825:
A Biographical Dictionary of Sculptors in Britain 1660–1851
508:, (8 Plates)., manufactured by J. M. Blashfield bound with
367:
Attempted expansion into the American market and bankruptcy
636:
Duke of Cornwall Hotel, Plymouth. Terracotta by Blashfield
383:
who was an associate or partner of the American architect
119:(1811–1882) was a property developer and mosaic floor and
1002:
Inventory of Historical Monuments in the Town of Stamford
832:
Inventory of Historical Monuments in the Town of Stamford
830:
The Royal Commission on Historical Monuments of England
551:
Garthmyl Hall. Terracotta frieze and consoles below eaves
473:. London : Published by John Weale, 59, High Holborn
1438:
Stokesay Court sale, Sotheby, 28 September 1994, lot 432
1000:
The Royal Commission on Historical Monuments of England
271:
The Queen’s Road came into existence in 1841 when the
172:
on experimental terracotta work for model cottages at
1400:
Annals of an Old Manor House: Sutton Place, Guildford
446:
1865 Medal Awarded – Dublin International Exhibition.
339:
Gate Arch to Blashfield's works, Wharf Road Stamford
102:
98:
Wyatt, Parker & Co Stamford Terracotta Company
94:
82:
74:
66:
54:
42:
23:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
820:Yale University Press, New Haven and London: 1981.
799:(1972), Lincolnshire Industrial Archaeology Group.
752:Churchyard, Berkshire. Pair of Pineapplle finials.
610:Josiah Wedgwood Memorial Institute, Stoke-on-Trent
602:Josiah Wedgwood Memorial Institute, Stoke-on-Trent
147:Royal arms from the English Church, Bagni di Lucca
106:Dulwich College and the Boston Museum of Fine Arts
1501:"Details from listed building database (1000566)"
1087:"Details from listed building database (1062924)"
702:Sun Fire Insurance Office, Charing Cross, London.
464:Tesselated Pavements designed by J. M. Blashfield
180:terracotta mouldings for the English church at
1324:. Risk.english-heritage.org.uk. Archived from
543:, 1843–45; mosaic by John Marriott Blashfield.
443:1862 Medal awarded – International Exhibition.
312:Advertisement for Blashfield's Terracotta 1863
1385:
1383:
1146:"Results for 'au:Blashfield, John Marriott.'"
823:Ingrid Roscoe, Emma Hardy & M G Sullivan
699:Alford House, Somerset. Decorative ornaments.
646:1866 Farnham Town Hall, Decorative ornaments.
8:
770:Church of St Mary and St Augustine, Stamford
1322:"English Heritage | English Heritage"
811:Dictionary of British Sculptors, 1660–1851
804:Dictionary of British Sculptors, 1660–1851
660:1868-9 Parapets and decorative panels for
494:a paper read at Stamford, 6 September 1859
418:Former Scotgate Inn, in Scotgate, Stamford
31:
20:
1231:Jennifer Sherwood and Nikolaus Pevsner
772:. Terracotta altar rails removed in 1982.
1606:Manufacturer of architectural terracotta
1477:. Bella Bagni di Lucca. 18 February 2012
746:, Warwickshire. Pair of classical urns.
506:Terra Cotta Chimney Shafts, Chimney Pots
267:Development of Kensington Palace Gardens
1557:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
857:
816:Haskell, Francis, and Penny, Nicholas,
449:1867 Medal Awarded – Paris Exhibition.
839:Survey of London: Northern Kensington
7:
740:, Shropshire. Pair of Warwick Vases.
407:Allegorical figure of literature at
249:A Catalogue of Five Hundred Articles
1596:19th-century English businesspeople
765:, Gloucestershire. Terrace and Urns
284:street. Built between 1843–6, No.8
1581:People from Stamford, Lincolnshire
1506:National Heritage List for England
1475:"English church in Bagni di Lucca"
1092:National Heritage List for England
281:Commissioners of Woods and Forests
247:and several catalogues, including
121:ornamental terracotta manufacturer
14:
1125:. Gracesguide.co.uk. 2 April 2013
933:Kelly 1990, 51, 54, 223, 227, 313
594:Processes of the pottery industry
454:Publications and trade catalogues
1559:, Oxford University Press, 2004
1451:. 217.204.55.158. Archived from
1266:(1989) . Cherry, Bridget (ed.).
899:. 217.204.55.158. Archived from
785:, Stamford. Urns in South Garden
671:1871. Scotgate Inn, 5 Scotgate,
628:Duke of Cornwall Hotel, Plymouth
398:
1601:19th-century English landowners
1355:"Stratton", 1993, 66, 67 (repr)
797:Stamford: An Industrial History
238:With the reconstruction of the
133:The Stamford Terracotta Company
61:17 Great College Street, London
571:, Montgomeryshire. Designs by
1:
1302:, Plymouth, 26 February 1988.
841:(1973), volume 37pp. 162–193.
592:, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent.
399:Blashfield's work in Stamford
393:Museum of Fine Arts in Boston
131:in 1858, when it was renamed
971:"Sheppard" Survey of London
868:, Gollanz, London. 1993. 49.
525:Examples of Blashfields Work
168:around 1839 when he engaged
687:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
304:Stamford Terracotta Company
292:(1809–1874). Influenced by
159:, manufacturers of cement,
1622:
1530:. Burghley. Archived from
1311:"Stratton" 1993, 68–9, 143
1253:"Stratton", 145, pls 128-9
1123:"John Marriott Blashfield"
725:Kew Palace, Surrey. Vases.
492:Ancient and modern pottery
706:Royal Mausoleum, Frogmore
353:William Theed the younger
286:Kensington Palace Gardens
194:William Theed the Younger
110:
90:
30:
1411:"Stratton" 1993, 143–147
1402:. London, 1899, pp.162–3
1375:Stamford in 50 Buildings
1269:The Buildings of England
848:, Gollanz, London. 1993.
117:John Marriott Blashfield
25:John Marriott Blashfield
1244:"Stratton", 1993, 63–65
1004:, HMSO, 1977 pg 64–67.
1112:"Birch" (1972), 10-11.
715:
689:by Sturgis and Brigham
637:
629:
620:Duke of Cornwall Hotel
611:
603:
569:Garthmyl Hall, Berriew
552:
516:(8 Plates) bound with
419:
411:
381:James Kellaway Colling
376:
340:
318:Stamford, Lincolnshire
313:
225:James Kellaway Colling
204:
148:
1299:The Herald (Plymouth)
897:"Details of Sculptor"
728:Hampton Court Palace.
713:
635:
627:
609:
601:
550:
417:
406:
374:
355:for the infirmary at
338:
311:
202:
146:
86:Paris Exhibition 1867
1561:accessed 15 Jan 2010
1398:Harrison, Frederic.
1222:"Stratton", 1993, 49
680:Sutton Place, Surrey
385:John Hubbard Sturgis
1027:"Stratton", 1993,49
813:, revised ed., 1968
732:Stoke Rochford Hall
1364:Stratton 1993, 144
886:"Stratton"1993, 66
864:Michael Stratton,
844:Michael Stratton,
716:
638:
630:
612:
604:
590:Wedgwood Institute
553:
420:
412:
377:
341:
314:
205:
149:
1449:"Details of Work"
1429:"Gunnis" 1968, 56
1346:Builder, 1868, 44
1273:. Harmondsworth:
1264:Pevsner, Nikolaus
1048:Stratton, 144–146
720:Buckingham Palace
651:Charles Barry Jnr
641:Sir John Betjeman
277:Kensington Palace
217:Charles Barry Jr.
114:
113:
1613:
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1543:
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1534:on 3 August 2014
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775:30 High Street,
755:English Church,
722:, London. Vases.
424:P & R Phipps
357:Bishop's Waltham
351:from a model by
288:was designed by
58:15 December 1882
35:
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1170:. 10 March 2001
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768:Roman Catholic
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668:, Boston, Mass.
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151:Blashfield was
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46:1 November 1811
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273:Crown Estate
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248:
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233:Praed Street
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139:Early career
132:
129:Lincolnshire
116:
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18:
1591:1862 deaths
1586:1811 births
1377:, pp 84-85
1233:Oxfordshire
750:Aldermaston
744:Ragley Hall
229:Coade Stone
67:Nationality
1575:Categories
1528:"Burghley"
853:References
809:R. Gunnis
802:R. Gunnis
790:Literature
588:1863–1873
530:Dated work
330:Ball clays
290:Owen Jones
221:Owen Jones
170:J. G. Bubb
166:terracotta
75:Occupation
795:Birch N.
580:John Bell
487:. London.
326:Uffington
190:John Bell
161:scagliola
103:Buildings
78:Architect
1058:Stratton
924:1968, 56
777:Stamford
673:Stamford
666:Pinebank
458:Source:
389:Pinebank
361:Wakerley
322:Wakerley
298:Moresque
257:Borghese
255:and the
157:Millwall
125:Stamford
95:Practice
1538:24 June
1512:24 June
1481:24 June
1459:24 June
1332:24 June
1271:: Devon
1174:24 June
1152:24 June
1129:24 June
1098:9 March
1070:Builder
1037:Builder
907:24 June
806:, 1953.
685:1870-6
662:Sturgis
294:Islamic
186:Tuscany
153:Mintons
70:English
49:?London
1281:
1201:
922:Gunnis
558:Albany
556:1856.
469:1855
438:Awards
324:, and
279:. The
261:Medici
253:Uffizi
209:Wyatts
178:gothic
83:Awards
1060:, 146
657:piers
618:1865
567:1859
504:1868
497:1860
490:1859
483:1857
476:1857
462:1843
223:and
1540:2014
1514:2014
1483:2014
1461:2014
1334:2014
1279:ISBN
1199:ISBN
1176:2014
1154:2014
1131:2014
1100:2018
909:2014
539:and
259:and
215:and
192:and
55:Died
43:Born
664:at
184:in
127:in
1577::
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