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Stephens also set out his views in talks he gave to the
Society of Friends, in letters he sent to the press, and in letters to his father, John Gilbert Stephens, who clearly took an interest in his son's international activities. During 1938, Stephens made several trips to Austria to help save Jewish
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with its German-speaking minority) and Poland, thus becoming heavily involved in
European geopolitics of that period. His goal, together with his colleagues at the Society of Friends, was to help bring about peace in Europe. His travels and activities would have greatly enhanced his work as a History
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Stephens's great work at
Birmingham was as a teacher, as his natural eloquence made him an impressive lecturer. One of his students said of him: "He had the rare gift of being able to bring his story to life as if he were living it. He was interested in persons and he lectured about persons, so that
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Stephens was true to his word, not only helping the couple to escape, but also offering them a temporary home at one of his cottages in St Mawes. Furthermore, he also offered shelter to numerous refugees in his home in
Birmingham. Indeed, Philip Styles recalled that during the 1930s, "many young men
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In 1919 Stephens went with a group of
Friends to Germany, where he spent most of his time during the early 1920s. The immediate task was the relief of post-war distress. However, Stephens's deepest interest was in the hopes of a peaceful and democratic future and it was so that he might get to know
216:. His earliest surviving letters, from War Relief camps in France, are full of botanical discoveries, and botany became one of his chief relaxations when his last illness confined him to his North Oxfordshire home near Witney, where he died on 12 July 1954 of a rare and distressing lung disease.
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near the
Hungarian frontier. Hundreds of these wretched folk were summarily ejected from their homes and told to leave Germany.⊠Of course no foreign country will take them as France is taking the Spanish refugees. They have been so brutally maltreated (I spoke with an eye witness of their
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Stephens was referring here to the large numbers of highly qualified
Viennese Jews who were obliged to flee their country: doctors, lawyers, scientists, academics, writers, musicians and artists. Among the many people whom he helped to escape from Austria was Viennese Jewish artist
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and other victims of Nazi persecution, working with Emma
Cadbury (1875â1965), who was an American Quaker committed to the international aspect of Friendsâ work and was the American Secretary of the Friends International Centre in Vienna from 1924 to 1938. He also liaised with
153:, Cornwall. Ashfield was the Stephensâ family home. He was the son of John Gilbert Stephens and Isabel (nĂ©e Sturge). His father was a rope manufacturer, as had been several generations of the Stephens family, all staunch Quakers. There is a large Stephensâ family archive at
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was a moving experience". There was much in seventeenth century
England that called for his deepest enthusiasms and his special subject on âThe Age of Cromwellâ became one of the most notable pieces of advanced teaching in the Birmingham History School.
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I made friends with a charming painter and his wife who were in great despair, and he said I had restored their faith in God. He insisted on making me choose one of his paintings as a present to take back to
England. So I took a beautiful landscape in
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he mental suffering of thousands upon thousands in Vienna is even worse in the long run â countless gifted and quite unpolitical people ruined simply because of their Jewish or partly Jewish blood. The cultural life of Vienna will be annihilated.âŠ
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but was willing to work as a non-combatant. In May 1915 he went to France to join in the work being done by the Friends War Victims Relief Committee. He stayed there until April 1916. In September 1915 he returned to France to work for the
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In 1927 he married Scottish-born Helen Mary (Maisie) Rowat (1901â1983). They had three children, Rachel, Nicholas and Christopher. Following his appointment as lecturer in history at Birmingham University, the family moved to
365:, at that time Professor of History at the University of Birmingham, who appointed him in 1925 to a special lectureship in International History established by Frederick Merttens. His duties involved the teaching of
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During 1935 Stephens spent three weeks traveling around Germany trying to gauge the views of the locals about the impact of the Nazi regime. He recorded his findings in a nine-page handwritten document entitled
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and of treating linguistic and cultural minorities unfairly. This was in fact the third of the annual Merttens Lectures on War and Peace reissued in book form. On 6 July 1933, he wrote a letter to
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During the 1920s and 30s, Stephens travelled extensively throughout Europe, visiting a large number of countries, including Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Holland, Italy (especially the
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369:(WEA) as well as University students. When the Merttens Lectureship lapsed in 1930 he became a full-time lecturer in the Department of History, a position which he held until he retired.
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and between the wars travelled extensively throughout Europe, on behalf of the Society of Friends, with a view to creating a peaceful future for the continent. In 1938 he helped numerous
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in oil. The good man wants to come to England, and I have promised to do all I can to help him find hospitality here till he can set about his painting and earn something.
311:, in an attempt to get his sanction for relief work to address the âburning problem of acute Jewish distressâ. In a letter to his father dated 22 April 1938, he wrote:
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Among his many interests, Stephens was, all his life, a keen naturalist and one of the last holidays he was able to take was spent in visiting the bird sanctuaries of
233:(FAU). In May 1916 he resigned from the FAU because he objected to the way that the unit had been placed under military command. On his return to England he faced a
157:, about half of which consists of the correspondence and papers of John Sturge Stephens. Amongst these papers is a tribute by Philip Styles, who wrote:
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and women of different nationalities found a home or a meeting place in the friendly atmosphere of the Stephensâs house in Hagley Road."
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189:, that his interest in History developed and he began to acquire, through travel in the vacations, his intimate knowledge of Germany.
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197:, Stephens was also a gifted linguist able to speak several languages, which greatly assisted him in his later international work.
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his lectures were like himself, full of life and humanity. To hear him lecture to a small group on the trial and execution of
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more intimately the problems and aspirations of German youth that he took a post as Lektor at the University of Frankfurt.
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The worst thing the Nazis have done in Austria is the expulsion of the whole Jewish population from the villages of the
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he became a Scholar of the College and a Second in Part II in June 1914. It was at Cambridge, under the influence of
630:"Danger Zones â der englische Historiker John Sturge Stephens (1891â1954), der italienische Faschismus und SĂŒdtirol"
602:"Danger Zones â der englische Historiker John Sturge Stephens (1891â1954), der italienische Faschismus und SĂŒdtirol"
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His work as French and German translator at a conference in Paris brought him into contact with Sir
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He retired from his post at the University of Birmingham in 1951 and died only three years later.
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sufferings) that the truth is bound to be branded by the Nazis as atrocity-mongering.âŠ
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which granted him Exemption from Combatant Service conditional on agricultural work.
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In 1929 he wrote a visionary book, based on a lecture he had given, entitled
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Danger zones of Europe: a study of national minorities / by John S. Stephens
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persecution, and accommodated several of them at his homes in England.
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113:(26 June 1891 â 12 July 1954) was born into a prominent family of
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John Stephens numbered among his antecedents and connections
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John Sturge Stephens was born on 26 June 1891 at Ashfield in
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Italienischer Faschismus und deutschsprachiger Katholizismus
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Italienischer Faschismus und deutschsprachiger Katholizismus
305:(1895â1944), a Nazi German officer heavily involved in the
608:, WĂŒrzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, pp. 137â62,
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and his wife Rosa, whom he mentions in the same letter:
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Danger Zones of Europe: A Study of National Minorities
636:, WĂŒrzburg: Königshausen & Neumann, p. 152,
442:"Newspaper cutting, obituary of John Sturge Stephens"
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Stephens of Ashfield, Budock | The National Archives
682:"Correspondence from John Sturge Stephens to father"
414:"Article on John Sturge Stephens, by Philip Styles"
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789:People associated with the Friends' Ambulance Unit
708:Albert Reuss in Mousehole: The Artist as Refugee
657:"Notes on work in Germany and Poland, 1919-1939"
277:, which warned of the dangers to world peace of
104:John Gilbert Stephens and Isabel (née Sturge)
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545:"Cornwall's 'first' conscientious objector"
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804:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
519:"FAU personnel card for John Stephens"
492:"Friends War Victims Relief Committee"
467:"Friends War Victims Relief Committee"
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706:Soyinka, Susan (28 September 2017).
752:Stephens family of Ashfield, Budock
295:Impressions of Germany, August 1935
289:where he warned of things to come.
262:lecturer at Birmingham University.
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549:www.100firstworldwarstories.co.uk
205:, but maintained two cottages in
16:Conscientious objector, historian
367:Workers' Educational Association
799:British conscientious objectors
193:In addition to his studies at
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525:. Friends House Library. 1916
269:and published by Leonard and
224:Stephens embraced the Quaker
163:William Stephens (glassmaker)
779:20th-century British writers
710:. Bristol: Sansom & Co.
573:Lives of the First World War
179:St John's college, Cambridge
117:(the Society of Friends) in
68:St John's College, Cambridge
632:, in Faber, Richard (ed.),
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508:with several illustrations
628:Obermair, Hannes (2013),
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235:Military Service Tribunal
167:Samuel Prideaux Tregelles
88:Helen Mary (Maisie) Rowat
133:refugees to escape from
125:, he was a pacifist and
79:University of Birmingham
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231:Friends' Ambulance Unit
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740:22 May 2018 at the
496:Quaker Strongrooms
287:The Hitler Regime,
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643:978-3-8260-5058-9
615:978-3-8260-5058-9
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259:South Tyrol
763:Categories
393:References
379:George Fox
317:Burgenland
203:Birmingham
74:Occupation
42:Ashfield,
35:1891-06-26
375:Charles I
342:Carinthia
308:Anschluss
285:entitled
283:The Times
101:Parent(s)
46:, England
738:Archived
691:10 March
666:10 March
554:10 March
451:10 March
423:10 March
383:Cromwell
214:Shetland
207:St Mawes
151:Falmouth
119:Cornwall
93:Children
279:fascism
273:at the
115:Quakers
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476:15 May
353:Career
253:(1929)
147:Budock
85:Spouse
44:Budock
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