91:. Bell served in Maine and Boston, Massachusetts from 1815 to early 1819, including one year as a superintendent of Recruiting Services. He returned to West Point on February 8, 1819, when he taught infantry tactics and was a commandant of cadets until March 17, 1820. Bell was described as "a tall, handsome and soldierly-looking man, who was with us for more than a year, and who, without abating the rigor of the discipline, showed how it could be maintained consistently with a proper regard for the feelings of those under him." He was remembered for changing the forms of discipline at the academy.
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132:. As the journalist, he kept an account of the expedition's activities and he supervised setting up the campsite. He led the group and set the pace for the desired number of miles that they wanted to travel for the day. A few times he questioned Long's authority and when the expedition divided into two parties, Bell led one of the groups along the Arkansas River. Three men deserted the group, taking scientific reports and manuscripts. The two parties reunited at
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in a letter he had gone to government warehouses for collecting provisions that would be required for fight against the
Seminoles, who were going to return to the place to finish its destruction, according to the same Seminoles had declared. On July 11, 1821, Bell was appointed acting governor of
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Charges were leveled against him by a junior officer and he underwent a court martial between
November 27 and December 7, 1821. He was found partially guilty of conduct unbecoming of an officer. John C. Calhoun, the Secretary of War, ordered half pay for one year and suspended him from command.
103:
Samuel
Seymour, Distant view of the Rocky Mountains, Long Expedition, 1820. Bell recorded of the view, "The whole range had a beautiful and sublime appearance to us, after having been so long confined to the dull and uninteresting monotony of prairie
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between
November 27 and December 7, 1821, and was found partially guilty of charges brought by a junior officer. He received half pay for one year and was suspended from command. He served in southeastern military posts and in 1824 he was promoted to
160:. So, in early 1822, he informed that about 22,000 Amerindians, and 5,000 slaves in possession of them lived in Florida, and that most of them came from places outside Florida. According to him, they had entered the territory fleeing from the
120:. He asked to be relieved of the "dull rounds of garrison duty" for a chance to explore the western frontier. He joined the expedition that traveled the Platte River to the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, then followed the
140:. Bell was supposed to have sent his journal to Secretary Calhoun, but there is no evidence that he did so. The journal was lost for decades and was finally published in 1957.
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titles. On
January 3, 1812, Bell was commissioned a second lieutenant in the light artillery. On August 24, he became a first lieutenant. Bell fought in the
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and was promoted to major on July 29, 1813. He was made a captain in the artillery and colonel inspector general by the end of the
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23:. He taught and was a commandant of cadets at West Point in 1819. In 1820, he was the journalist and a leader for the
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The
Journal of Captain John R. Bell, Official Journalist for the Stephen H. Long Expedition to the Rocky Mountains
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The
Journal of Captain John R. Bell, Official Journalist for the Stephen H. Long Expedition to the Rocky Mountains
164:, so they lacked any valid acclamation (in the U.S. view) to Florida. John R. Bell said to Secretary of War
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396:"The East Florida Coffee Land Expedition of 1821: Plantations or a Bonapartist Kingdom of the Indies?"
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Preparing for
Disunion: West Point Commandants and the Training of Civil War Leaders
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Bell became very ill in early April 1825 and died eight days later on April 11 in
19:(ca. 1785–April 11, 1825) was an American military officer who served during the
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The natural history of the Long
Expedition to the Rocky Mountains (1819-1820)
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He became a brevet major on
October 10, 1824, after serving in garrisons in
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311:. Boulder, Colorado: Colorado Associated University Press. pp. 34–35.
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John R. Bell was born around 1785 in the state of New York. He attended
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on September 9, 1820. His journal has been published with the title
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The University of South Florida and The Africana Heritage Project
341:. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 111, 122, 123.
373:. New York : Oxford University Press. pp. 218, 228.
447:"Black Seminoles, Maroons & Freedom Seekers in Florida"
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West Florida, office he maintained until August 20, 1821.
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from June 15, 1808, to January 3, 1812. Bell joined to
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in his youth, place where he stressed, obtaining the
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The Seminole Wars: America's Longest Indian Conflict
192:. He retired from the Army due to poor health.
338:Stephen Long and American frontier exploration
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244:. University of Nebraska Press. p. 91.
428:. University Press of Florida. p. 55.
156:. Bell become in a temporary agent to the
424:Missall, John; Missall, Mary Lou (2004).
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144:Florida officer and acting governor
31:. He was provisional secretary and
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108:Bell wrote to Secretary of War
39:between July and August, 1821.
27:. His journal was published as
495:Explorers of the United States
284:. McFarland. pp. 62, 64.
278:Mesch, Allen H. (2018-11-30).
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475:Royal governors of La Florida
367:Evans, Howard Ensign (1997).
238:Thrapp, Dan L. (1991-06-01).
515:United States Army officers
61:West Point Military Academy
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335:Nichols, Roger L. (1995).
305:Buchholtz, C. W. (1983).
95:Long's Expedition of 1820
25:Long's Expedition of 1820
148:John R. Bell moved to
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114:Stephen Harriman Long
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55:Early life and career
457:on 12 February 2005.
202:Henrietta, New York
490:American explorers
394:Brown, Canter Jr.
118:expedition of 1820
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85:St. Lawrence River
380:978-0-19-511185-9
348:978-0-8061-2724-8
318:978-0-87081-146-3
291:978-1-4766-7425-4
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485:1825 deaths
89:War of 1812
81:Fort George
21:War of 1812
469:Categories
208:References
134:Fort Smith
126:Red Rivers
69:commandant
162:Creek War
158:Seminoles
154:secretary
409:July 15,
403:Tequesta
122:Arkansas
104:country"
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
