28:
104:
374:
Outside the political realm, Polak is also remembered by name in sociological studies in
Indonesia. Polak released several sociology books, including Sociology: A Concise Introduction (1960), Introduction to the Sociology of Industry and Companies (1966), and Introduction to the Sociology of
236:
with a specialization in economics as a requirement to become a civil servant. He then continued to doctoral level, specializing in linguistics. In 1929, Johan underwent his doctoral examination. After graduating, he began serving as a civil servant on August 13, 1929.
709:
735:
761:
787:
665:
639:
306:. In Singapore, Polak worked at the Netherlands Bureau for Documentation and Registration of Indonesians. At the end of 1945, Polak returned to Indonesia and worked again as a colonial employee. Initially, he worked as a controller in
221:. From his mother's side, the first to be born and settle in the Indies was his father, Pieter Rutgardus de Rochemont. The name "Abraham Fortunatus" probably comes from the name of his mother's great-grandfather who was born in
367:. Polak certainly has a match with PSI. Apart from being educated, Major Polak has the same political and anti-fascism tendencies as PSI. However, PSI's lifespan is unfortunately not long. PSI was then dragged into the
253:
on
November 16 to carry out his official duties. He began serving in Bondowoso on 13 June 1930. Apart from being a civil servant, he also sat as a member of the local Regentschapsraad. Polak was then transferred to
954:
691:
920:
900:
910:
348:
RIS then disbanded in August 1950 and
Indonesia became a republic again. At this time, Polak chose to remain in Indonesia and even become a citizen. He then became a member of the
411:
964:
1019:
994:
1004:
959:
378:
Major Polak was also involved in the establishment of the Malang
Economic College (PTEM) on June 27, 1957. PTEM was the embryo of the Faculty of Economics and Business,
277:
107:
27:
1014:
1009:
284:
155:
329:
999:
433:
912:
Voornaamste voorschriften en personalia betreffende decentralisatie en de bestuurshervorming, alsmede de
Grondwet en de Indische Staatsregeling
206:
around 1730. From his father's side, the first to settle in the Dutch East Indies was his great-grandfather, also named
Salomon Machiel Polak.
183:
856:
837:
818:
349:
143:
291:, Polak became the target of suspicion from the Kempeitai (Japanese secret police). The Japanese captured Polak and took him prisoner in
321:. Polak represents the Indo European group. Since January 1947, Polak was appointed as a resident assistant attached to the council of
276:
Long before the
Japanese army landed in Indonesia, Major Polak was a member of the Indische Sociaal Democratische Partij (ISDP) and
989:
979:
1024:
984:
871:
969:
360:
90:
949:
332:
and recognition of sovereignty on
December 27, 1949, NIT disbanded. Within the NIT parliament, there are members like
295:. After his release, he was involved in the Japanese anti-fascist movement Eenheid door Democratie (EDD) in Cirebon.
974:
337:
250:
382:. At that time, Major Polak led PTEM while also working at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP)
340:(RIS), NIT parliament members also entered the RIS parliament. Major Polak was among those who took part in it.
245:
Polak received his first assignment in East Java and was assigned there on
November 7, 1929. He departed from
311:
459:
375:
Knowledge, Law and
Politics (1967). Major Polak's name also appears in Sociology textbooks in high school.
1034:
1029:
939:
383:
379:
944:
562:
255:
614:
588:
536:
233:
163:
119:
56:
509:
228:
Johan was appointed as a candidate for colonial civil service in 1922 In 1927, he studied
333:
262:
484:
191:
933:
364:
322:
270:
214:
202:
since the 18th century. One of Johan's ancestors, Wolf Michiel Polak, was born in
154:. During the colonial period, Johan worked as a civil servant (ambtenaar) until
288:
258:
in November 1931, where he became adspirant-controleur (potential controller).
199:
151:
299:
114:
310:
until around March 1946. Polak was then involved in the establishment of the
303:
246:
229:
210:
203:
80:
387:
368:
318:
187:
72:
307:
266:
142:(born November 4, 1904 - November 30, 1982) was a former member of the
103:
872:"Mayor Polak: Anggota Partai Sosialis Indonesia Dulunya PNS Kolonial"
353:
292:
222:
218:
195:
179:
159:
52:
167:
280:(SDAP). Both accommodate social democratic groups such as Polak.
209:
His mother's name was Louise Jacqueline de Rochemont, who was of
391:
336:
who support the Republic of Indonesia. When NIT merged into the
147:
76:
352:
representing Indo-European citizens. Since 1950, he has been a
182:
on November 4, 1905. His father was Salomon Machiel Polak, a
836:
sfn error: no target: CITEREFVoornamste_voorschriften1931 (
955:
Members of the House of Representatives (Indonesia), 1950
265:
and then controller of village socio-economic affairs in
831:
190:. Based on his surname, his father was a descendant of
371:
rebellion and was later liquidated by the government.
269:. He was also the Cirebon residency secretary. During
213:
descent. His ancestor, François de Maystre, came from
158:. During that time, he was an aspirant controller in
855:
sfn error: no target: CITEREFRegeeringsalmanak1932 (
817:
sfn error: no target: CITEREFRegeeringsalmanak1931 (
261:
He eventually became controller for land affairs in
434:"Japanse interneringskaarten, Surname: Mayor Polak"
113:
96:
86:
62:
39:
34:
18:
850:
812:
317:Polak is a member of the NIT parliament based in
287:, Polak became a Japanese prisoner of war. As an
615:"Abraham Fortunatus de Rochemont (± 1757-1817)"
386:. He died of old age on November 30, 1982, in
510:"Wolf Ze'ev-Wolf Michiel Yechiel Cohen-Polak"
8:
132:Johan Bernard Abraham Fortunatus Mayor Polak
965:World War II prisoners of war held by Japan
589:"Pieter Rutgardus de Rochemont (1830-1892)"
1020:Indonesian people of Polish-Jewish descent
995:Indonesian politicians of European descent
356:and has the Balinese name Nyoman Sukarma.
26:
15:
1005:Indonesian people of Dutch-Jewish descent
922:Regeeringsalmanak voor Nederlandsch-Indië
902:Regeeringsalmanak voor Nederlandsch-Indië
696:Weekblad voor Israëlietische Huisgezinnen
273:, Polak served at the Batavia Residency.
960:Socialist Party of Indonesia politicians
403:
330:Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference
278:Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij
194:immigrants who most likely came from
7:
1015:Indonesian people of Polish descent
1010:Indonesian people of French descent
537:"Salomon Machiel Polak (1815-1889)"
460:"Salomon Machiel Polak (1872-1910)"
363:(PSI) led by former Prime Minister
302:(Dutch and native) were treated in
1000:Indonesian people of Dutch descent
359:Polak was then recruited into the
14:
561:Swetenham, Richard (2023-03-10).
241:Career during the colonial period
925:. Batavia: Landsdrukkerij. 1932.
915:. Batavia: Landsdrukkerij. 1931.
905:. Batavia: Landsdrukkerij. 1931.
640:"Candidaat-Indische Ambtenaaren"
102:
870:Matanasi, Petrik (2021-12-30).
1:
832:Voornamste voorschriften 1931
416:Indisch Maçonniek Tijdschrift
298:After Japan lost, he and the
150:descent and a member of the
91:Socialist Party of Indonesia
740:Nederlandsche Staatscourant
1051:
361:Indonesian Socialist Party
338:United States of Indonesia
314:(NIT) at the end of 1946.
198:. They have lived in the
134:, usually abbreviated as
125:
25:
567:Swetenham Family History
217:, a commune in southern
144:House of Representatives
990:Indonesian sociologists
412:"Loge "Malang", Malang"
312:State of East Indonesia
156:the Japanese occupation
980:Indonesian politicians
851:Regeeringsalmanak 1932
813:Regeeringsalmanak 1931
644:Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad
485:"Polak Family History"
325:called Paruman Agung.
1025:Indonesian Freemasons
985:Indonesian socialists
710:"Academische examens"
666:"Academische examens"
563:"Francois de Maystre"
970:Converts to Hinduism
384:Airlangga University
380:Brawijaya University
136:J.B.A.F. Mayor Polak
792:De Indische Courant
766:De Indische Courant
285:Japanese occupation
950:People from Malang
178:Johan was born in
975:Indonesian Hindus
788:"Passagierslijst"
736:"Indische Dienst"
619:Genealogie Online
613:Boerstra, Klaas.
593:Genealogie Online
587:Boerstra, Klaas.
541:Genealogie Online
535:Boerstra, Klaas.
464:Genealogie Online
458:Boerstra, Klaas.
438:Nationaal Archief
234:Leiden University
129:
128:
120:Leiden University
66:November 30, 1982
57:Dutch East Indies
20:Johan Mayor Polak
1042:
926:
916:
906:
887:
886:
884:
882:
867:
861:
860:
848:
842:
841:
829:
823:
822:
810:
804:
803:
801:
799:
784:
778:
777:
775:
773:
758:
752:
751:
749:
747:
732:
726:
725:
723:
721:
706:
700:
699:
688:
682:
681:
679:
677:
662:
656:
655:
653:
651:
636:
630:
629:
627:
625:
610:
604:
603:
601:
599:
584:
578:
577:
575:
573:
558:
552:
551:
549:
547:
532:
526:
525:
523:
521:
506:
500:
499:
497:
495:
481:
475:
474:
472:
470:
455:
449:
448:
446:
444:
430:
424:
423:
408:
192:Ashkenazi Jewish
106:
69:
50:November 4, 1905
49:
47:
35:Personal details
30:
16:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1039:
930:
929:
919:
909:
899:
896:
891:
890:
880:
878:
869:
868:
864:
854:
849:
845:
835:
830:
826:
816:
811:
807:
797:
795:
786:
785:
781:
771:
769:
760:
759:
755:
745:
743:
734:
733:
729:
719:
717:
708:
707:
703:
692:"Acad. Examens"
690:
689:
685:
675:
673:
664:
663:
659:
649:
647:
638:
637:
633:
623:
621:
612:
611:
607:
597:
595:
586:
585:
581:
571:
569:
560:
559:
555:
545:
543:
534:
533:
529:
519:
517:
508:
507:
503:
493:
491:
483:
482:
478:
468:
466:
457:
456:
452:
442:
440:
432:
431:
427:
410:
409:
405:
400:
346:
334:Arnold Mononutu
263:West Kalimantan
243:
176:
98:
97:Other political
87:Political party
71:
67:
51:
45:
43:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1048:
1046:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
932:
931:
928:
927:
917:
907:
895:
892:
889:
888:
862:
853:, p. 365.
843:
834:, p. 244.
824:
815:, p. 370.
805:
779:
753:
727:
701:
698:. 5 July 1929.
683:
657:
631:
605:
579:
553:
527:
501:
476:
450:
425:
402:
401:
399:
396:
345:
342:
323:Balinese kings
242:
239:
175:
172:
166:, and then in
140:J.B.A.F. Polak
127:
126:
123:
122:
117:
111:
110:
100:
94:
93:
88:
84:
83:
70:(aged 77)
64:
60:
59:
41:
37:
36:
32:
31:
23:
22:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1047:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
937:
935:
924:
923:
918:
914:
913:
908:
904:
903:
898:
897:
893:
877:
873:
866:
863:
858:
852:
847:
844:
839:
833:
828:
825:
820:
814:
809:
806:
793:
789:
783:
780:
767:
763:
757:
754:
741:
737:
731:
728:
715:
711:
705:
702:
697:
693:
687:
684:
671:
667:
661:
658:
645:
641:
635:
632:
620:
616:
609:
606:
594:
590:
583:
580:
568:
564:
557:
554:
542:
538:
531:
528:
515:
511:
505:
502:
490:
486:
480:
477:
465:
461:
454:
451:
439:
435:
429:
426:
421:
417:
413:
407:
404:
397:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
372:
370:
366:
365:Sutan Sjahrir
362:
357:
355:
351:
343:
341:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
315:
313:
309:
305:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
281:
279:
274:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
252:
248:
240:
238:
235:
231:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
207:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
173:
171:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:Masonic Order
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
124:
121:
118:
116:
112:
109:
105:
101:
95:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
74:
65:
61:
58:
54:
42:
38:
33:
29:
24:
17:
921:
911:
901:
894:Bibliography
879:. Retrieved
875:
865:
846:
827:
808:
796:. Retrieved
794:. 1929-11-11
791:
782:
770:. Retrieved
768:. 1929-11-07
765:
762:"Personalia"
756:
744:. Retrieved
742:. 1929-08-13
739:
730:
718:. Retrieved
716:. 1929-06-28
714:De Standaard
713:
704:
695:
686:
674:. Retrieved
672:. 1927-12-03
670:De Standaard
669:
660:
648:. Retrieved
646:. 1925-08-15
643:
634:
622:. Retrieved
618:
608:
596:. Retrieved
592:
582:
570:. Retrieved
566:
556:
544:. Retrieved
540:
530:
518:. Retrieved
516:. 2020-03-01
513:
504:
492:. Retrieved
489:FamilySearch
488:
479:
467:. Retrieved
463:
453:
441:. Retrieved
437:
428:
419:
415:
406:
377:
373:
358:
347:
327:
316:
297:
282:
275:
271:World War II
260:
244:
227:
208:
177:
139:
135:
131:
130:
99:affiliations
68:(1982-11-30)
1035:1982 deaths
1030:1905 births
940:Indo people
344:Later years
283:During the
200:Netherlands
934:Categories
398:References
328:After the
256:Bojonegoro
174:Early life
162:, also in
115:Alma mater
46:1905-11-04
945:Huguenots
304:Singapore
247:Rotterdam
230:Indologie
215:Sommières
204:Amsterdam
184:Dutch Jew
164:Bondowoso
81:Indonesia
881:20 April
876:Tirto.id
798:26 April
772:26 April
746:20 April
720:20 April
676:20 April
650:20 April
624:20 April
598:20 April
572:20 April
546:20 April
520:20 April
494:20 April
469:20 April
443:20 April
388:Denpasar
369:Permesta
319:Makassar
211:Huguenot
188:Surabaya
186:born in
73:Denpasar
514:Akevoth
422:. 1937.
308:Jakarta
300:romusha
267:Cirebon
251:Batavia
350:DPR RI
293:Padang
223:Lisbon
219:France
196:Poland
180:Malang
160:Malang
148:Jewish
53:Malang
354:Hindu
168:Tuban
883:2024
857:help
838:help
819:help
800:2024
774:2024
748:2024
722:2024
678:2024
652:2024
626:2024
600:2024
574:2024
548:2024
522:2024
496:2024
471:2024
445:2024
392:Bali
289:Indo
249:for
108:SDWP
77:Bali
63:Died
40:Born
232:at
146:of
138:or
936::
874:.
790:.
764:.
738:.
712:.
694:.
668:.
642:.
617:.
591:.
565:.
539:.
512:.
487:.
462:.
436:.
420:43
418:.
414:.
394:.
390:,
225:.
170:.
79:,
75:,
55:,
885:.
859:)
840:)
821:)
802:.
776:.
750:.
724:.
680:.
654:.
628:.
602:.
576:.
550:.
524:.
498:.
473:.
447:.
48:)
44:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
