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skeptical about other aspects of his past. Hjort's actions up until 25 September 1940 could be interpreted as an attempt to find a third way, between
Quisling's treason and the London government's resistance to the German occupiers. The mood after the liberation was not sympathetic, and several of his supporters from 1940 were convicted in the treason trial. Hjort vigorously defended himself against accusations of a lack of "national attitude". He wrote about the articles from 1940 that they had to be seen in the light of the special situation.
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without MPs. In the internal dispute that followed, Hjort proposed far-reaching organizational changes. Hjort's proposals were rejected, and in the fall of 1936 the conflict between him and NS intensified. In
February 1937, he left the party, and several other key figures left NS at this time as well.
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On 6 February 1942, Hjort was sent to
Germany on the prison ship "Donau" and placed in the prison at Alexanderplatz in Berlin. Hjort's brother-in-law RĂĽdiger approached Himmler, and the SS commander was open to an agreement that resulted in Hjort being released, but having to stay in Germany with his
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Johan
Bernhard Hjort had little patience with people he regarded as "fools" or amateurish, and he believed there were many of them in NS. In addition, Hjort was an able organizer, and a good speaker. Quisling's lack of these qualities was very problematic for the party. A battle for the leadership of
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By the end of April, most of the
Norwegian prisoners had been transported home, but Johan Bernhard Hjort and his son Helge remained at Gross Kreutz. They would not leave Germany until the last Norwegian prisoners were out. There were still 1,100 Norwegian officers left; Hjort had already met them in
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On 26 October 1944, Ditleff received a memo from Hjort requesting that the
Norwegian prisoners be taken to Sweden, and shortly afterwards Ditleff sent a memo reporting German plans to liquidate all prisoners before the end of the war. These notes were crucial to the Swedish rescue operation known as
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Anna
Cathrine Hjort was allowed to meet her husband in Berlin, but she and the children were equally dismissive. There were rumors and many people believed that Hjort was now willing to cooperate with the occupiers. Hjort was released, but in so-called civilian internment. RĂĽdiger got him a job as a
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was established, and
Quisling's coup attempt had failed. During the spring, Hjort began working to help and release the Norwegian prisoners of war. By the end of May 1940, 11,000 Norwegian prisoners of war had been released. However, the work came at a price, as the officers had to swear an oath not
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Johan
Bernhard Hjort was not convicted, but on the contrary was given full redress by the Lawyers' Association. But something remained: His actions before the war and in 1940. As late as 1954, he spoke out in Verdens Gang, where he wrote about his past in NS: "Is it not written somewhere that there
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With clear lines drawn after
Terboven's speech, Hjort withdrew from party politics for the last time and devoted all his time to law. With his knowledge of German affairs, he was a resource for other Norwegian lawyers. There were many cases when Norwegian resistance fighters needed defence counsel.
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In 1932, Hjort was admitted as a partner in Harald Nørregaard's law firm, which was subsequently renamed Nørregaard & Hjort. Nørregaard was regarded as one of Norway's leading supreme court lawyers of his time. Hjort's biographer, Ivo de Figueiredo, writes: "In Nørregaard he found a role model.
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of 9 November 1938 shocked Hjort; "Germany's friends are looking for an honorable defense and a reasonable motive for all this. They refuse to believe that German order and discipline have come to an end and that the German state must give the people this kind of circus performance for the sake of
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at Møllergata 19 was a difficult period for Hjort, but the community at Grini with many acquaintances made his imprisonment easier. In fact, many of the most important of the Norwegian social elite were at Grini. After the liberation, it was seen as a badge of honor to have been imprisoned there.
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In May 1932, the circle from Hafrsfjordsgate formed an informal group called "Polkom"; from Hjort's office, this group worked to exploit Quisling's accusations and information against the two socialist parties. This marked the start of Hjort's period of close collaboration with Quisling. Polkom's
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In the unclear situation after the invasion, Hjort was well suited as a middleman as he was both a respected Supreme Court lawyer and fluent in German. Hjort also dealt with finding work for the released prisoners and with insurance settlements after the fighting through the War Injury Insurance
819:. Hjort was a conscripted sergeant and reported for duty, but like so many others, he was told to wait. In the evening, he heard his former colleague Vidkun Quisling declare on the radio that a new national government had taken over. Greatly provoked, Hjort contacted other pro-German Norwegians:
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In the election campaign before the 1936 general election, Hjort gave everything. At the same time, he was under pressure from internal intrigues in NS and the knowledge that he was neglecting his family in favor of politics. However, NS had a poor showing in the election and was once again left
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The return home was hardly exactly what Johan Bernhard Hjort had imagined. The period after liberation proved to be difficult for him. Despite his great efforts on behalf of Norwegian prisoners, his own imprisonment and his defiant article in the Norwegian Legal Gazette, many people were still
1013:. Through Swedish diplomatic channels, they sent him around 50 reports with lists of names. Seip and his children were the leaders in this prisoner work, but Hjort himself also became involved as a defender of Norwegian prisoners in Germany. Among the prisoners he assisted were members of the
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February and promised General Ruge to act as liaison until the prisoners could be sent home. The Hjort family's overview of the Norwegian prisoners was the basis for the repatriation office in Hamburg (under the leadership of Bulukin) to pick up General Ruge and other Norwegian officers from
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The years of hectic political activity had a negative effect on Hjort's law practice; his finances had been supported by his wife's uncle Johan Throne Holst, a debt he now had to work to pay off. Hjort kept in contact with other NS breakaways, and he wrote for the right-wing, nationalist and
1135:"For deres vedkommende vilde det for meg være nok til ikke å stemme på Dem at De overhodet hadde vært medlem av NS såpass sent som i 1937 og at De endnu i krigens første tid hadde vært såpass tyskorientert (dermed mener jeg ikke odiøst) som Deres uttalelser i Tidens Tegn gav uttrykk for."
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Jens Hundseid's government fell in March 1933, and Polkom - in which Hjort played a central role - explored the possibility of a broad non-socialist coalition that would include the Farmers' Party, the Fatherland League, and others. However, a lack of interest in this front meant that on
1105:, the Soviet forces decided that the Norwegian officers should be sent home via Murmansk, but Hjort and other Norwegians found the prisoners and ensured that they were sent directly home to Norway. In early June, Hjort himself was back in Norway after almost three years in Germany.
1129:"As far as you are concerned, it would be enough for me not to vote for you that you had been a member of NS as late as 1937 and that you had still been so German-oriented (by which I do not mean odious) in the early days of the war as your statements in Tidens Tegn indicated." (
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to meet German leaders, including Himmler. This initiative was intended to rescue the Scandinavian prisoners, and Bernadotte also met with the circle from Gross Kreutz. Hjort and Vogt-Svendsen had made sketches of the camps and a note on how the collection of the prisoners in
678:" (a historical ban excluding Jews from Norway) in the Constitution. Despite the fact that Hjort was a co-founder and de facto deputy leader of NS, his ideas about the organization of the state were in theory within the limits of democracy. Hjort was also not a supporter of a
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Hjort's basis for taking such drastic action was his sense of crisis. As Hjort saw it, the plan was constitutionally legitimate, and he saw a unifying anti-socialist leader in Vidkun Quisling. To showcase the constitutional legality of the coup d'Ă©tat plan, Hjort referred to
666:. Hjort lamented about Quisling's leadership style, which he felt was unclear and amateurish. In the spring of 1934, NS made a new attempt at non-socialist cooperation, led by Hjort. However, these negotiations were unsuccessful, and in March 1935 the Labor Party formed
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The first prisoner Wanda visited was Didrik Arup Seip, who was eventually released and interned on the same terms as Hjort. He moved with his family to the Gross Kreutz estate near Potsdam, where Hjort and his family also lived and joined in the work for the prisoners.
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As late as August 1940, Hjort attempted to bring the major parties together, and he had meetings with representatives of the Conservative Party, the Labor Party, the Liberal Party and the Farmers' Party. He was not alone in his desire to make the best of the situation.
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Present at this meeting were the leaders of various non-socialist parties and organizations. The meeting later became known as the "Wednesday meeting". Hjort introduced and presented the plan, but it was negatively received by the old Conservative prime minister
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In addition to his legal practice, Hjort continued to work organizationally for NS. He also investigated how laws and the Constitution must be amended to meet "the demands of the new era". He also put forward a proposal in the spring of 1935 to reintroduce the
419:, equivalent to a master's degree. Shortly after graduating, Hjort was employed by the law firm Bredal, Fougner and Schjødt, which at the time was one of Oslo's leading firms. After a year, he was asked to leave in order to gain more experience as a
314:, and carried out resistance work that saved the lives of many Scandinavian prisoners. Among other things, the group at Gross Kreutz collected lists of names of Scandinavian prisoners, and these formed the basis for the rescue operation with the
998:, their daughter Wanda took the initiative to visit Norwegian prisoners. She began with a visit to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Prison camps were visited, and the prisoners were given parcels, and messages and names were smuggled out.
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It was a legal voyage through increasingly troubled waters; the Supreme Court was dismissed, and the occupation forces were constantly pushing for lawyers to adapt to the new conditions. He also held lectures in the German-controlled
69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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legal consultant in the oil company Continentale Oehl Gesellschaft in Berlin. By October, after strong German pressure, the family had given in and settled on the Gross Kreutz estate in the village of the same name 20 km west of
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As Hjort prepared his economic reports, focused on the state's poor finances and the politicians' inability to balance the budget deficit, his confidence in the existing non-socialist parties weakened. In 1927, Hjort joined the
807:. He considered going himself, but decided against it for the sake of his family. Up until 1940, Hjort was engaged in strengthening the armed forces, and he and his two sons received voluntary military training themselves.
610:; three major years in Norwegian political history. However, the success of the plan depended on broad support, and to ensure this, a meeting was held on 26 October 1932 at the home of landowner Carl Otto Løvenskiold at
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In Germany, his brothers-in-law tried to get him released, and RĂĽdiger was allowed to meet Terboven in November 1941. But the German Reichskommissar was outraged and stated: "The pig sits down and writes an article"
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work was aimed at getting the non-socialist parties to declare DNA and NKP illegal, as they aimed to overthrow the system. During the summer and fall, Hjort developed a plan, based on constitutional theory, for a
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In March 1935, Hjort took over the leadership of Hirden, who partly acted as security guards at NS meetings, but whose primary task was to discipline and educate its members. Hirden was modeled after the German
863:, where he wrote that one had to be optimistic and build the country; as "then both Norway's independence and a friendly relationship with our kindred people in the south will come as a matter of course."
741:, where Trotsky lived, and took a number of documents that Hjort handed over to the police. The case attracted enormous attention and was for NS a successful provocation. NS's fight against
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While they were in their "open captivity" as civilian internees in Germany, the Hjort family tried to make the best of the situation. In consultation with the Norwegian seaman priests in
959:.) Hjort's attempts to speak out against the occupation forces were not taken kindly. At the same time, his arrest was also linked to his brother-in-law Johan Holst's escape to Sweden.
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1936, Hjort addressed several thousand attendees and opened with "Countrymen, traitors, monkeys and others". The meeting ended in chaos and street fighting, the so-called Torgslaget.
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55:
1126:), and Hjort asked Heiberg for a statement in his favor. Heiberg first acknowledged Hjort's work for the resistance, but then wrote about the election in the lawyers' association:
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like velvet." Nørregaard died after six years of partnership in 1938. Nørregaard and Hjort had a somewhat distant family relationship - Nørregaard's grandmother was married to
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The elderly lawyer was known for his eloquence in court. It was said of him that he dominated the courtroom with his presence, and that his warm voice wrapped itself around
448:. Through his position at the Union of Norwegian Cities, Hjort gained in-depth knowledge of the poor finances of the municipalities and the state. Together with his friend
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In May, RĂĽdiger was allowed to meet Hjort to explain the conditions, but Hjort's family in Norway, Anna Cathrine and the six children were reluctant to settle in Germany.
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nobility. During Johan's childhood, the family lived in Bergen, and his parents divorced when he was in his teens. The children moved with their mother to Bestum in Oslo.
655:, Quisling presented a program for a separate party, Nasjonal Samling. As de facto deputy leader of the new party, Hjort threw himself into the election campaign for the
484:. In the 1930 parliamentary elections, Hjort campaigned for a non-socialist victory, and attacking revolutionary aspects of the Labour Party. Responding to an article by
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had similar ideas, but they were quickly torpedoed by the Germans when Terboven declared on 25 September that Nasjonal Samling was Norway's only legal political party.
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On 14 June 1937, Himmler visited the lawyer RĂĽdiger von der Goltz (Hjort's brother-in-law) to meet Hjort and be briefed on the National Socialist movement in Norway.
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Because of his past in the NS and his connection to the administrative council, he had to withdraw from a proposed position in the bar association. Hjort's friend
456:), Hjort prepared an alternative state budget in 1923 to improve the budget overview. As a result, he was eventually tasked with an investigation assignment for
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should be greater joy over one sinner who repents than over many who never had the need for repentance?". In his view of the settlement, Hjort was in line with
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804:
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Hjort must have known what such public criticism of the occupying forces would lead to, and he was arrested on 21 October 1941. Hjort was first detained at
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with the Soviets and therefore remained passive, which was a hard blow for Hjort. Several of Hjort's friends, including his father, traveled to Finland as
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321:
After the war, he was notable as a defender of homosexual rights and as a defender of controversial artists' freedom of expression, as in the so-called
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Fund. During the summer of 1940, Hjort was constantly involved in the various negotiations between the German and Norwegian sides. These culminated in
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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by employers. The crisis and what Hjort perceived as a weak response from the establishment parties lead him towards the more radical right-wing.
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Soviet forces reached Gross Kreutz at the end of April or beginning of May. The German farm manager was beaten to death by the Eastern European
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287:, including his work to help Scandinavian prisoners, as well as for his role as one of the country's leading defense attorneys after the war.
1429:"Specifikation över antal räddade/transporterade med de Vita bussarna ("Specification of the number of rescued/transported by the White Buses"
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After the war, Hjort fought as a supreme court lawyer for the artistic freedom of controversial artists and for the natural legal rights of
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and natural authority, Hjort was made for the role. Hirden was the activist core of NS, with a couple hundred members. At a meeting in
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In the summer of 1936, Hjort traveled to Germany to seek support for NS. Probably with the help of his German brothers-in-law, he met
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and Georg Conrad Graf von der Goltz, and moved to Germany. Astrid's husband, RĂĽdiger von der Goltz, was from 1936 a member of the
1045:, contributing significantly to the fact that the casualties among Danish Jews during the Holocaust were among the lowest of the
586:. The circle around Prytz attempted to use the speech to promote Quisling's political position and weaken the socialist parties.
1519:; Hjort's daughter's story about the war years, the tracking down of concentration camps, and the planning and execution of the
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901:
847:
923:, Terboven's legal adviser. Hjort took it upon himself to write a response with the assistance of other Norwegian lawyers and
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Norwegian Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
722:, among others. He was well received, but received no financial support. However, Himmler offered to link NS to the German
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In 1920, he married Anna Cathrine Holst. His two sisters Astrid and Wanda soon after married German men: the two brothers
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927:. Hjort's response was diplomatic in form, but nevertheless ruthless when Hjort concluded that the Germans had violated
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to take up arms against the occupying forces. Hjort was later criticized for this, and a number of officers, led by
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1157:. In 1957, in one of the most famous and widely debated court cases in Norwegian post-war history, Hjort was the
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403:, engineer Helge Hjort, pianist Kirsti Hjort and psychologist Haldis Hjort. He is the grandfather of publisher
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630:) withdrawing. Over the course of the fall and winter, the plan collapsed as Quisling and new Prime Minister
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879:. Hjort was open to a position on this council, but withdrew when Terboven demanded that NS be represented.
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513:) was becoming increasingly serious and unemployment was rising. In the spring of 1931, this led to a major
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From then on, Johan Bernhard Hjort was definitely considered to have been on "the right side" of the war.
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1185:. He was a prolific writer and lecturer and a frequent contributor to public debate. Among his books are
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1025:. It is estimated that this operation saved 15,345 prisoners from death in concentration and prisoner
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Though the non-socialists won the election in 1930, the economic crisis (now global in the form of the
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in what became known as the "Kullmann case". This was the first blow to Hjort's faith in Quisling.
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even if it won the election, as this would be tantamount to "bolshevism by parliamentary means" (
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The Bernadotte Operation, in the light of Johan Bernhard Hjort's forgotten role as its initiator
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298:. He was deputy leader of Nasjonal Samling from 1933, and from 1935 he served as the leader of
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by their conduct during the occupation, and that Quisling had committed a coup d'Ă©tat.
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could be done in practical terms, and Bernadotte used this as a basis for his action.
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Hjort was in contact with a circle of concerned establishment figures, to which
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From January 1944, the family established contact with the Norwegian diplomat
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in which he accused the two socialist parties (the Labor Party, DNA, and the
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in the world decreasing in numbers, while other races multiply like rats".
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and the newspaper Morgenbladet in what became known as the "silk front".
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Hjort had six children with his wife: social worker and resistance member
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and argued in the autumn of 1938 that a race war was looming, with the "
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operation that successfully saved thousands of prisoners from the camps
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had also been invited. From the spring of 1930, they met for dinner at
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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938:(Oslo's main police station at the time) and then transferred to the
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carried out by the government against the Storting. Under this plan,
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399:, Supreme Court lawyer Johan Hjort, doctor, professor and politician
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began with the Soviet Union's attack on Finland. Germany had signed
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was to be abolished and the threat from the socialists neutralized.
562:'s house at Hafrsfjordsgaten 7. In May 1931, Quisling was appointed
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in 1941. He was then sent to Germany, where he was interned at the
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around 12 May 1945. The Norwegian officers were transferred from
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was appointed chairman of the "Commission of Inquiry of 1945" (
694:(SA). With his Prussian background, sergeant training from the
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855:, chose captivity instead. Hjort was also an active writer in
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Following the First World War, Norway experienced significant
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Johan Bernhard Hjort and his wife Anna Cathrine, Bestum (1967)
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to Luckenwalde in February 1945. Luckenwalde was captured by
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Back in Norway, he became involved in the NS action against
1177:, an association that fought for the free evolution of the
957:"Das Schwein setzt sich nieder und schreibt einen Artikel"
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domestic peace." At the same time, Hjort had accepted the
294:'s law firm in 1932 and after 1945 continued the firm as
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on "The development of constitutional law in Norway" by
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took center stage, and Trotsky was eventually expelled.
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writing in his books. Hjort was a long-term leader of
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Hjort began studying law and graduated in 1919 with a
275:(25 February 1895 – 24 February 1969) was a Norwegian
58:
a machine-translated version of the Norwegian article.
659:, in which his wife Anna Cathrine also participated.
384:, who led the Freikorps in the Baltic States and the
1346:"Kommentar: Gerhardsens vakling var ikke enestĂĄende"
62:
1477:, in Norwegian); a biography of Hjort that won the
496:, Hjort argued that one could not give power to an
480:and was elected to the Aker county council for the
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839:. Hjort's plan was to contact the Germans to stop
325:. From 1961 until his death, he was chairman of
1434:(in Swedish). Swedish Red Cross. Archived from
872:
501:
432:
380:. The sisters' father-in-law was the prominent
900:, alongside individuals like Albert Wiesener,
87:accompanying your translation by providing an
49:Click for important translation instructions.
36:expand this article with text translated from
1292:Sæveraas, Torgeir Ekerholt (23 August 2023),
574:in April 1932, Quisling gave a speech in the
8:
1085:in April 1945 and General Ruge was sent to
915:was pressured to include an article in the
570:, formed by the Farmers' Party. During the
283:in 1933, his later resistance work against
1373:"Gerhardsen ville samarbeide med tyskerne"
582:, NKP) of treasonous connections with the
135:
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16:Norwegian supreme court lawyer (1895–1969)
974:. The estate was owned by Hjort's cousin
622:, and it also led to prominent supporter
726:, which Hjort is said to have rejected.
670:with the support of the Farmers' Party.
662:The newly founded party did not get any
1507:, in Norwegian), German edition (1989)
1408:"Dette er London". NRK i krig 1940–1945
1352:(in Norwegian BokmĂĄl). 27 November 1999
1232:
682:, and he distanced himself from German
99:{{Translated|no|Johan Bernhard Hjort}}
1318:Gulbrandsen, Henning (16 June 2012).
1266:Figueiredo, Ivo de (23 August 2023),
1240:Figueiredo, Ivo de (23 August 2023),
626:(noteworthy industrialist and CEO of
464:and a position as an advisor for the
7:
1041:inside German-occupied territory of
503:"bolsjevismen ad parlamentarisk vei"
407:and district court judge Kim Heger.
333:governments of the 1950s and 1960s.
279:lawyer. He is known for co-founding
710:Internal struggle and break with NS
898:Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation
488:(Labor Party politician and later
423:. Hjort then worked for a year in
14:
1585:Nazi concentration camp survivors
1039:Theresienstadt concentration camp
963:family until the end of the war.
533:Involvement with Nasjonal Samling
357:and his wife Wanda Maria von der
141:Johan Bernhard Hjort (circa 1930)
1371:Bonde, Aslak (20 October 1999).
1123:Undersøkelseskommisjonen av 1945
23:
1595:World War II civilian prisoners
1590:Norwegian LGBT rights activists
1580:20th-century Norwegian lawyers
942:in December 1941. The time in
97:You may also add the template
1:
715:NS was therefore inevitable.
568:Peder L. Kolstad's government
382:General RĂĽdiger von der Goltz
1575:Norwegian resistance members
642:Founding of Nasjonal Samling
498:admitted revolutionary party
1570:Members of Nasjonal Samling
1481:(comparable in Norway to a
1197:(1963). He also translated
859:. He was most outspoken in
209:Anna Cathrine Holst (1920-)
110:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
1611:
1410:. Oslo: Cappelen. p. 185.
692:{{lang|de|Sturmabteilung}}
634:clashed over the pacifist
441:) as a legal consultant.
165:23 February 1969 (aged 73)
61:Machine translation, like
1509:Jeden Freitag vor dem Tor
1222:, Hjort's eldest daughter
913:Norwegian Bar Association
833:Otto Sverdrup Engelschiøn
580:Communist Party of Norway
527:Hjort's great-grandfather
429:Union of Norwegian Cities
134:
38:the corresponding article
1505:Every Friday at the gate
1493:Hver fredag foran porten
1406:(1978) (in Norwegian).
1029:; of these, 7,795 were
1007:Niels Christian Ditleff
917:Norwegian Legal Gazette
841:Quisling's coup attempt
468:under Finance Minister
108:For more guidance, see
1526:Erling Kvamme (2007):
1320:"Torvslaget på Gjøvik"
1268:"Johan Bernhard Hjort"
1242:"Johan Bernhard Hjort"
1195:Demokrati og statsmakt
1181:, in the direction of
1134:
1121:
1103:Germany's capitulation
956:
873:
848:Administrative Council
817:Germany invaded Norway
795:, and in November the
546:
502:
433:
269:
1534:1-07, pp. 34–39.
1298:Store norske leksikon
1272:Store norske leksikon
1246:Store norske leksikon
1165:, who was accused of
1101:on the estate. After
1033:. In particular, 423
911:In January 1941, the
801:a non-aggression pact
657:1933 general election
540:
458:Johan Egeberg Mellbye
411:Early life and career
337:Family and background
310:estate together with
267:
81:copyright attribution
1324:Oppland Arbeiderblad
1093:Liberation and purge
1037:were saved from the
996:Conrad Vogt-Svendsen
976:Bodo von der Marwitz
944:solitary confinement
765:NS-critical journal
733:. Hirden broke into
541:Hjort (right), with
470:Fredrik Ludvig Konow
361:. His mother was of
323:Red Ruby controversy
296:Advokatfirmaet Hjort
273:Johan Bernhard Hjort
245:Helge Bernhard Hjort
129:Johan Bernhard Hjort
921:Rudolf Schiedermair
788:In September 1939,
651:, in the newspaper
564:Minister of Defense
523:the Court of Appeal
427:before joining the
386:German intervention
1545:The Hjort law firm
1441:on 29 October 2013
1404:Dahl, Hans Fredrik
1179:Norwegian language
1056:In February 1945,
1047:occupied countries
871:'s proposal for a
684:National Socialism
624:Johan Throne Holst
547:
482:Conservative Party
349:, and director of
341:He was the son of
270:
190:Lawyer, politician
89:interlanguage link
1489:Wanda Hjort Heger
1459:Ivo de Figueiredo
1220:Wanda Hjort Heger
1175:RiksmĂĄlsforbundet
940:Grini prison camp
929:international law
846:On 14 April, the
815:On 9 April 1940,
492:) in the journal
478:Fatherland League
452:(later editor of
446:economic troubles
397:Wanda Hjort Heger
390:Finnish Civil War
327:RiksmĂĄlsforbundet
292:Harald Nørregaard
262:
261:
221:Wanda Hjort Heger
121:
120:
50:
46:
1602:
1530:(in Norwegian);
1451:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1440:
1433:
1425:
1419:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1381:. Archived from
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1342:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1305:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1237:
1143:Johannes Andenæs
1058:Folke Bernadotte
885:Einar Gerhardsen
878:
837:Hans S. Jacobsen
720:Heinrich Himmler
636:Captain Kullmann
545:(left), ca. 1936
511:Great Depression
505:
490:Foreign Minister
466:Lykke government
436:
434:Norges Byforbund
343:marine biologist
312:Didrik Arup Seip
281:Nasjonal Samling
199:Nasjonal Samling
181:Ullern kirkegĂĄrd
150:25 February 1895
139:
125:
100:
94:
67:Google Translate
48:
44:
27:
26:
19:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1550:
1549:
1541:
1455:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1386:
1385:on 23 June 2004
1370:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1303:
1301:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1277:
1275:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1251:
1249:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1216:
1203:Just So Stories
1191:Dømt med rette?
1151:
1149:Post-war career
1099:forced laborers
1095:
984:
982:Resistance work
893:
829:Albert Wiesener
813:
811:German invasion
759:
712:
680:planned economy
644:
596:parliamentarism
556:Vidkun Quisling
552:
543:Vidkun Quisling
535:
486:Edvard Bull Sr.
421:temporary judge
413:
339:
248:
195:Political party
172:
166:
157:
151:
142:
130:
117:
116:
115:
98:
92:
51:
45:(December 2012)
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1608:
1606:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1552:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1539:External links
1537:
1536:
1535:
1524:
1486:
1483:Pulitzer Prize
1453:
1452:
1420:
1396:
1363:
1337:
1326:(in Norwegian)
1310:
1300:(in Norwegian)
1284:
1274:(in Norwegian)
1258:
1248:(in Norwegian)
1231:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1215:
1212:
1159:defense lawyer
1150:
1147:
1114:Gustav Heiberg
1094:
1091:
1043:Czechoslovakia
983:
980:
925:Frede Castberg
892:
889:
812:
809:
779:Nuremberg Laws
758:
757:Prelude to war
755:
735:Konrad Knudsen
711:
708:
643:
640:
560:Frederik Prytz
551:
548:
534:
531:
462:Farmers' Party
412:
409:
401:Peter F. Hjort
338:
335:
260:
259:
254:
250:
249:
247:
246:
243:
238:
233:
231:Peter F. Hjort
228:
223:
217:
215:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
196:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
167:
163:
159:
158:
152:
148:
144:
143:
140:
132:
131:
128:
119:
118:
114:
113:
106:
95:
73:
70:
59:
52:
33:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1607:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1517:3-7951-1132-3
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1501:82-05-14937-2
1498:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1471:82-03-22973-5
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1437:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1416:82-02-03929-0
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1374:
1367:
1364:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1338:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1311:
1299:
1295:
1288:
1285:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1259:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1233:
1226:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1161:for novelist
1160:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1083:Soviet forces
1080:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1003:
999:
997:
993:
989:
981:
979:
977:
973:
967:
964:
960:
958:
954:
948:
945:
941:
937:
936:Møllergata 19
932:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
890:
888:
886:
880:
877:
876:
870:
864:
862:
858:
854:
849:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
825:Per Imerslund
822:
821:Victor Mogens
818:
810:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
791:
786:
784:
780:
775:
774:Kristallnacht
770:
768:
762:
756:
754:
750:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
727:
725:
721:
716:
709:
707:
705:
704:Ascension Day
701:
697:
693:
687:
685:
681:
677:
671:
669:
665:
660:
658:
654:
650:
641:
639:
637:
633:
632:Jens Hundseid
629:
625:
621:
615:
613:
609:
605:
599:
597:
593:
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
572:throne speech
569:
565:
561:
557:
549:
544:
539:
532:
530:
528:
524:
518:
516:
512:
507:
504:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
442:
440:
435:
430:
426:
422:
418:
410:
408:
406:
402:
398:
393:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
347:oceanographer
344:
336:
334:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
290:Hjort joined
288:
286:
282:
278:
277:supreme court
274:
266:
258:
255:
251:
244:
242:
239:
237:
234:
232:
229:
227:
224:
222:
219:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
197:
193:
189:
187:Occupation(s)
185:
182:
179:
175:
170:
164:
160:
155:
149:
145:
138:
133:
126:
123:
111:
107:
104:
96:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
68:
64:
60:
57:
54:
53:
47:
41:
39:
34:You can help
30:
21:
20:
1531:
1527:
1511:Schneekluth
1508:
1504:
1495:, Gyldendal
1492:
1474:
1465:, Aschehoug
1462:
1443:. Retrieved
1436:the original
1423:
1407:
1399:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:the original
1376:
1366:
1354:. Retrieved
1349:
1340:
1328:. Retrieved
1323:
1313:
1302:, retrieved
1297:
1287:
1276:, retrieved
1271:
1261:
1250:, retrieved
1245:
1235:
1201:
1194:
1193:(1958), and
1190:
1186:
1152:
1139:
1128:
1111:
1107:
1096:
1071:
1055:
1031:Scandinavian
1019:
1004:
1000:
985:
968:
965:
961:
949:
933:
910:
894:
891:Imprisonment
881:
865:
860:
856:
845:
814:
790:World War II
787:
783:Nordic tribe
771:
763:
760:
751:
737:'s house in
728:
717:
713:
696:Armed Forces
688:
672:
668:a government
661:
645:
620:Jens Bratlie
616:
600:
588:
584:Soviet Union
553:
519:
508:
474:
443:
414:
405:Anders Heger
394:
367:
340:
320:
308:Gross Kreutz
289:
285:Nazi Germany
272:
271:
241:Haldis Hjort
236:Kirsti Hjort
177:Burial place
122:
85:edit summary
76:
43:
40:in Norwegian
35:
1565:1969 deaths
1560:1895 births
1521:White Buses
1479:Brage Prize
1378:Aftenposten
1163:Agnar Mykle
1155:homosexuals
1075:Luckenwalde
1035:Danish Jews
1023:White Buses
906:Ranik Halle
857:Tidens Tegn
653:Tidens Tegn
612:Bærums Verk
606:, 1884 and
592:coup d'Ă©tat
450:Trygve Hoff
355:Johan Hjort
331:Labor Party
316:white buses
257:Johan Hjort
226:Johan Hjort
201:(1933-1937)
154:Christiania
1554:Categories
1445:28 January
1389:14 January
1356:14 January
1330:10 January
1304:10 January
1278:14 January
1252:14 January
1227:References
1187:Justismord
1079:Schildberg
1067:Neuengamme
992:Arne Berge
805:volunteers
797:Winter War
676:Jew clause
494:Vor Verden
1350:www.vg.no
1208:Norwegian
1199:Kipling's
1131:Norwegian
1118:Norwegian
1015:Wollweber
1011:Stockholm
902:Jonas Lie
853:Otto Ruge
793:broke out
743:communism
550:Beginning
417:cand.jur.
374:Reichstag
351:fisheries
103:talk page
1532:Historie
1491:(1984):
1475:Free Man
1463:Fri mann
1461:(2002):
1294:"Hirden"
1214:See also
1189:(1952),
1060:came to
869:Terboven
861:Ragnarok
767:Ragnarok
739:Hønefoss
576:Storting
376:for the
363:Prussian
214:Children
171:, Norway
156:, Norway
79:provide
1183:RiksmĂĄl
1171:obscene
1167:immoral
1017:group.
988:Hamburg
972:Potsdam
875:RiksrĂĄd
747:Judaism
731:Trotsky
515:lockout
460:in the
454:Farmand
388:in the
370:RĂĽdiger
359:Marwitz
304:Gestapo
101:to the
83:in the
42:.
1515:
1499:
1469:
1414:
1087:Moscow
1062:Berlin
1051:Europe
953:German
904:, and
700:Gjøvik
649:17 May
437:, now
300:Hirden
253:Father
206:Spouse
1439:(PDF)
1432:(PDF)
1206:into
1027:camps
628:Freia
378:NSDAP
63:DeepL
1513:ISBN
1497:ISBN
1467:ISBN
1447:2012
1412:ISBN
1391:2024
1358:2024
1332:2024
1306:2024
1280:2024
1254:2024
1169:and
1021:the
994:and
835:and
772:The
745:and
608:1905
604:1814
425:Aker
169:Oslo
162:Died
147:Born
77:must
75:You
56:View
1049:of
1009:in
702:on
664:MPs
566:in
506:).
472:.
65:or
1556::
1375:.
1348:.
1322:.
1296:,
1270:,
1244:,
1210:.
1137:)
1133::
1120::
1089:.
1053:.
990:,
978:.
955::
908:.
843:.
831:,
827:,
823:,
769:.
724:SS
686:.
614:.
529:.
439:KS
392:.
353:,
345:,
318:.
1503:(
1485:)
1473:(
1449:.
1418:.
1393:.
1360:.
1334:.
951:(
674:"
431:(
112:.
105:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
