251:. The first royal veto came in 1872, after which the proposition was slightly altered, but it was vetoed again in 1874. Two identical propositions followed, and were defeated, in 1877 and 1880. After 1880, the question about ministers faded into the background; instead the disagreement centered around the King's right to a veto in constitutional cases. According to the Constitution, the King had the right to postpone a non-constitutional act three times. On the other hand, the Constitution did not mention any veto in constitutional cases. Three views became distinct: some argued that the King had no veto at all, the middle ground was held by people who would allow a postponing veto, while the government and the King claimed an
460:
31:
393:
conflict. If conservative
Commanders of the Army were to use force to subdue the parliamentary process, it was clear that rifle associations, too, could march upon Kristiania, possibly aided by "rogue" commanders such as Albert Jacobsen. Hol supported the liberal rifle associations, and helped found
719:
who represented the
Liberal Party and P. R. Saltvik of the Labour Party. Stousland received 732 votes, Hauge 460 votes and Saltvik 231 votes. As a "running mate", Hol received 511 votes. He also got 8 votes as a primary candidate. In the second round of voting, the Coalition Party dropped Hauge and
157:
When the conservatives lost the
Impeachment case, there was a change of government and the charges against Hol were dropped. Two years later, he received an economic compensation from the Parliament. After some quiet years in which he concentrated on engineering work, Hol returned to politics as a
392:
of 1861—was politically conservative, but a great number of the newer associations, especially in rural districts, supported the political liberals and radicals. They exercised as regular troops, but did not commit acts of political violence. Rather, a latent purpose was to deter a possible
266:
Although the veto question became central, the ministers were not out of the spotlight. Since the ministers were inferior to the King within the executive branch, the King was responsible for all actions conducted by this branch; however, the ministers were responsible for the advice given to the
141:
supported the conservative politicians, and Hol believed that a political and military counter-offensive was planned, hence the need for guarding the
Parliament. The tensions between liberals and conservatives drew Hol into politics in the first place in 1880. Before this, he was an engineer by
528:
was formed, but in reality it stood no chance of surviving as it faced the
Liberal-dominated Parliament, whose means of pressuring the executive branch had been strengthened following the Impeachment trial. In June, as Schweigaard entered his last month as Prime Minister, the King summoned
490:
The pamphlet was confiscated by the police on 8 February. The person who printed the pamphlet, Nikolai Olsen, was arrested on the same day, and the apprehension of Jon Hol followed on 10 February. He remained in custody until 26 February, and was indicted on 11 March, for
483:). Like previous writings, it called upon semi-military personnel and other weapon-able citizens to arm themselves and encircle the Parliament Building. This time, he did not call for the citizens to "await" the situation, but instead to "fire! at the traitors of the
1260:
366:
of rifles in depots around the country be disconnected, to prevent a situation in which uprising peasantry turned the Army's own weapons against them. Secret talks on a coup d'état supported by the military were held between Oscar and
Christian Selmer at the
545:
The
Conservative politicians and the King had accepted the parliamentary process without any military conflict. However, conflicts as such still existed. The country's establishment had been shocked by a number of labor conflicts, with a street battle at
620:, as it turned out, was to mark the transition between two kinds of trade unionism; the one dominated by the bourgeois Liberal Party and the one dominated by the socialist Labour Party. The organization became defunct around 1890. The publication
357:
he stated that there was a need for preparedness regarding the political situation, as a possible pretext for "disturbances and demonstrations". Otto
Nyquist, a personal friend of the King, was instated in 1882 as commander of the
353:, located nearby the Norwegian Parliament, was known as a staunch conservative. In 1880, he had called for Parliament to increase the military contingent in the city. The Chief of Police supported this request; in a letter to the
512:
In the meantime, Christian Selmer was impeached on 27 February; his cabinet members followed one by one, the last being impeached on 1 April. On 11 March, Selmer resigned. Two acting Prime
Ministers were drawn from his cabinet;
271:. If any ministers were to dissent, according to the Constitution, they had to state this explicitly in the meeting protocol, lest they be considered in agreement and thus co-responsible. The King was above the law, but the
747:. With 2,075 votes in Skien the party prevailed over Labour. However, it fared much worse in the other six cities, carried 4,571 votes in total and lost the election in the Market towns of Telemark and Aust-Agder counties.
720:
propped up Hol, who now had J. A. Larsen as his running mate. Also, the Labour Party pulled out. Hol received 595 votes, but succumbed to
Stousland who got 855 votes. Hauge got 2 votes, and Hol got 23 "running mate" votes.
1268:
1054:
1079:
387:
537:. Broch gave up on 22 June, and Johan Sverdrup became Prime Minister on 26 June. In light of this change in circumstances, the case against Hol had been annulled by Royal Resolution— earlier on 6 June.
447:
was nearing its end. One of the last actions of Selmer's cabinet was to refuse to sanction a parliamentary money grant to the rifle association—the liberals had won the 1882 parliamentary election in a
420:
This activism was not compatible with his professional career, as he was a municipal employee. In this situation, Hol chose to formally leave the radical organizations, resigning as a member of the board of
287:, and as the latter group held a two-thirds majority, an Impeachment trial with a fairly certain outcome could start as soon as the liberals won control over the Lagting seats through general elections.
600:. However, the strike at Akers Mekaniske had been a failure, as the laborers had returned to work by on 26 August—with a 10% pay cut. It soon faced competition from more worker-dominated
1559:
731:, and it was a plural-member constituency where representatives were selected from the party lists with the most votes. Hol was fielded as the second candidate on the ballot of the
186:, the son of Gunder Johnsen and Rønnaug Haakonsdatter. He began a military education in 1869, and later conducted self-studies as well as attending various schools, including the
231:. Also, ministers were already criticized in parliamentary debates; if they were questioned in person they would have the chance to defend themselves. This required altering the
187:
728:
711:
with a leaning towards the Liberals. In the first round of voting, Hol was a "running mate" (deputy candidate) of former parliamentarian and government minister
1569:
337:
Hol eventually came to believe that King Oscar II and his supporters, if opposed by the Norwegian Parliament, would usurp political power with the help of the
409:
he wrote that a "coup d'etat or attempt thereof" would lead to a popular uprising, where "real Norwegians", "soldier or non-soldier" alike would encircle the
223:
in for questioning. Initially, this was not meant to function as a lever against individual ministers, but rather to increase debate on important issues. The
354:
1564:
341:. Hol based this view on two speeches given by Oscar in 1882, one of them at the closing of the parliamentary session that year and hence before the
740:
243:. The conservatives in Parliament also opposed this, fearing that the increasingly liberal-dominated parliament would use constitutional change to
1549:
648:
by the Liberal-dominated Parliament as compensation for lost income. In 1887 he was again publicly employed, assisting in the construction of the
644:
Hol had been fired from his municipal job on 13 February 1884. After 1884, he laid low for a few years, but on 26 May 1886 he was given 1500
613:
1153:
1290:
590:. On 7 October, a new board was elected, and the first point of their manifesto was "Law-abidingness — moral conduct — sobriety".
724:
696:
342:
1544:
299:, a liberal jurist who had become the spearhead of parliamentary opposition to the King. Hol also became involved in the workers' society
215:
in 1877, but found his interest in politics growing as he observed the mounting political turmoil at the time. Liberal politicians in the
1574:
1554:
1539:
732:
629:
505:
37:
1488:
1445:
133:, creating a "Ring of Rifles", should the need arise. The political situation in Norway at the time was unstable, with an ongoing
1534:
1519:
346:
224:
142:
occupation and a writer, albeit apolitical. He increased his writing after 1880, and also involved himself in non-socialist
586:
410:
130:
1529:
533:
to form a compromise cabinet, but this failed owing to Conservative opposition, spearheaded by up-and-coming politician
525:
522:
452:—further polarizing the situation. Rumours flew that personnel of the Norwegian Army were preparing for action at
739:. The Radical People's Party fared well in Skien and Kragerø. With 1,050 votes in Kragerø the party prevailed over the
567:
147:
496:
382:
One of the means to counter this development, was the formation of semi-military forces. All over the country, local
1524:
596:
was supported by people from individual factories, but the mainly philanthropic activists were associated with the
580:. The printer Nikolai Olsen became treasurer. Among the union's demands were normal working hours for laborers and
572:
268:
1424:
812:
744:
301:
708:
700:
555:
272:
597:
280:
609:
232:
1476:
329:, which had been started in 1882 and edited by David Dietrichson for a short while before Hol took over.
1509:
1237:
1196:
899:
383:
325:
as the main public arenas for his activism. He was also behind the rifle associations' member magazine
1163:
668:. From time to time he wrote technical articles on water pipes, among other subjects, in the magazine
1514:
1158:
453:
284:
276:
248:
134:
1298:
444:
1415:
692:
260:
244:
220:
171:
167:
509:
noted that no conservative writers had been sanctioned, despite openly calling for a coup d'état.
211:
While studying, Hol became interested in journalism. He began writing for the apolitical magazine
581:
449:
236:
227:
was not elected, and the intention was to enhance a co-governing with the democratically elected
138:
492:
126:
1484:
1441:
735:, the new name of the Labour Democrats. The first candidate was A. Jørgensen, police chief of
712:
704:
518:
350:
279:
for advising the King to act out an unconstitutional veto. The Impeachment Court consisted of
259:
and the separation of powers principle. Those who held the first view cited the principle of
1464:
440:
129:. In the pamphlet, he called for soldiers and civilians to arm themselves and encircle the
751:
670:
530:
429:. He thereby retained his job. However, in early 1884 he was fired by the municipality.
803:
716:
649:
547:
372:
363:
338:
296:
256:
1468:
1503:
1455:
Nordby, Trond (2006). "Unionsoppløsningen i 1905 og overgangen til parlamentarisme".
1083:
1058:
678:
633:
563:
121:(c. 1851 – 1941) was a Norwegian engineer and activist. He is known for his pamphlet
309:) at that time, as a member of the board. From 1881, he worked on their publication
1433:
1389:
1371:
807:
480:
159:
1346:
656:
in 1891, holding this position for almost twenty-five years, and later worked in
554:
in May 1880, as examples of the more volatile events. In August 1884, workers at
1191:
1149:
1145:
933:
890:
601:
402:
228:
191:
143:
1321:
584:. It staunchly opposed socialist ideas, especially through the union newspaper
736:
566:
effective as of 1 August. In addition, Jon Hol took the initiative to found a
534:
514:
500:
484:
715:, who adhered to the Coalition Party with a conservative leaning. They faced
405:. Apart from organizational work, he wrote several articles on the issue. In
1162:(in Norwegian). Vol. 1. Oslo: Arbeidermagasinets Forlag. Archived from
987:
816:(in Norwegian). Vol. 6 (1 ed.). Oslo: Aschehoug. pp. 192–194.
683:
661:
551:
359:
306:
183:
53:
576:. Representatives from seventeen factories elected Hol as the secretary of
362:
stationed in Kristiania. In late 1883, Oscar suggested that the storage of
727:, when the voting system had changed completely. The constituency was now
471:
On 6 February 1884, Hol released a pamphlet which has come to be known as
1232:
665:
657:
216:
459:
137:
case against the conservative government started by political liberals.
414:
699:
in the constituency Skien, but was not elected. He has been called an
313:. This periodical eventually ceased publication, but was succeeded by
1438:
I politikkens sentrum. Variasjoner i Stortingets makt 1814–2004
1264:
695:
in the city council of Skien for twenty years. In 1906 he ran in the
521:
from 29 March to 3 April. Then, a new cabinet led by Selmer's former
417:" to "await" and the political processes and guard the Constitution.
368:
190:. In 1876, he married Karen Pedersdatter, a farmers' daughter from
30:
653:
503:
were indicted on the same charge. Upon the arrests, the newspaper
458:
163:
252:
240:
195:
151:
990:(in Norwegian). International League of Antiquarian Booksellers
389:
Centralforeningen for Udbredelse af Legemsøvelser og Vaabenbrug
894:
125:, published in February 1884, that resulted in his arrest for
1374:; Eskeland, Arnold; Tandberg, Erik, eds. (1972). "Hol, Jon".
1261:"List of publications owned by Norwegian academic libraries"
1440:(in Norwegian) (2nd ed.). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
194:
and in 1878, he was hired by the city engineering corps of
691:, as well as for the local press. He also represented the
439:
In February 1884, the Impeachment trial of Prime Minister
1428:(in Norwegian) (3rd ed.). Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget.
146:, including the unsuccessful attempt of establishing a
255:. Allegedly, an absolute veto was in the "spirit" of
247:
the executive branch, and thereby infringe upon the
188:
Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry
1352:(in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. pp. 101–103
1327:(in Norwegian). Statistics Norway. pp. 122–123
750:Hol died in 1941, and was buried on 16 May 1941 at
703:candidate. At the time, however, he was denoted by
77:
69:
61:
46:
21:
550:in 1878 and the storming of an employer's home at
386:had sprung up. The first rifle association—
305:, which was dominated by political liberals (not
729:Market towns of Telemark and Aust-Agder counties
1140:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1130:
558:faced a 10% pay cut. A debate had been held in
219:struggled to introduce the practice of calling
1185:
1183:
1181:
562:on 30 July, and the meeting decided to call a
1378:(in Norwegian). Vol. 3. Oslo: Gyldendal.
8:
1483:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.
1217:
1215:
235:, a move which the executive branch, led by
1560:Radical People's Party (Norway) politicians
1111:
1109:
1040:
1038:
677:He became active again in politics and the
955:
953:
937:(in Norwegian). 4 October 1932. p. 5.
29:
18:
1009:"Glimt fra Hovedstadspressen, mai 1884".
876:
874:
855:
853:
843:
841:
733:Radical People's Party (Labour Democrats)
636:party associated with the Liberal Party.
628:was the party organ of the newly founded
616:followed in 1899. The historical role of
110:Local politician, parliamentary candidate
1055:"Ole Bachke. Acting Prime Minister 1884"
1241:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
1200:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
1080:"Niels Rye. Acting Prime Minister 1884"
903:(in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget
768:
652:. He was hired as the city engineer of
645:
614:Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions
1376:Gyldendals store konversasjonsleksikon
1297:(in Norwegian). BIBSYS. Archived from
1293:Ervervelse av vannfall: verdiberegning
798:
796:
794:
792:
624:was continued, and beginning in 1906,
456:, some miles northeast of Kristiania.
317:in 1883, which Hol co-owned. Hol used
790:
788:
786:
784:
782:
780:
778:
776:
774:
772:
681:. He wrote for the liberal newspaper
401:, a local rifle association based in
267:King when they were assembled in the
182:Hol was born at the farm Ekornhol in
7:
1570:Coalition Party (Norway) politicians
723:Hol stood for election again in the
612:was formed in 1887, and from it the
475:(The Rifle Ring), with the subtitle
379:publicly supported such a solution.
1457:Norsk Statsvitenskapelig Tidsskrift
333:Rifle associations and the military
275:and his cabinet could be tried for
1565:20th-century Norwegian politicians
1481:1880-årene. Ti år som rystet Norge
1320:Olafsen, Arnet; Haffner, Vilhelm.
355:Ministry of Justice and the Police
237:King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway
139:King Oscar II of Sweden and Norway
14:
1469:10.18261/ISSN1504-2936-2006-01-01
283:and elected politicians from the
1231:Henriksen, Petter, ed. (2007).
463:A reproduction of the pamphlet
16:Norwegian engineer and activist
1550:Norwegian temperance activists
1194:. In Henriksen, Petter (ed.).
897:. In Henriksen, Petter (ed.).
427:Kristiania Folkevæbningssamlag
395:Kristiania Folkevæbningssamlag
347:Harald Nicolai Storm Wergeland
225:executive branch of government
98:Advocate of rifle associations
92:Advocate of government change
1:
1154:"Arbeiderforbund, Det Norske"
632:, a non-socialist labour and
606:Fagforeningenes Centralkomite
397:in his city. He also chaired
131:Parliament of Norway Building
65:1941, before 16 May (aged 89)
1192:"Det norske Arbeiderforbund"
1013:(in Norwegian). 21 May 1884.
977:Nerbøvik, 2007: pp. 121–124.
968:Nerbøvik, 2007: pp. 153–154.
687:and the temperance magazine
526:Christian Homann Schweigaard
725:1924 parliamentary election
707:as loosely adhering to the
608:. On the political side, a
568:national trade union center
375:in 1883, and the newspaper
148:national trade union center
1591:
1575:Burials at Vestre gravlund
1221:Sørensen, 1984: pp.111–112
1190:Mardal, Magnus A. (2007).
618:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
604:, coordinated through the
594:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
578:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
573:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
560:Kristiania Arbeidersamfund
541:Det norske Arbeiderforbund
423:Kristiania Arbeidersamfund
302:Kristiania Arbeidersamfund
1555:Politicians from Telemark
1540:Norwegian trade unionists
1392:(in Norwegian). DIS-Norge
931:"Skytternes blad 50 år".
813:Norsk biografisk leksikon
166:, representing the local
28:
1420:Norsk historie 1860–1914
556:Akers Mekaniske Verksted
517:from 11 to 29 March and
174:twice, without success.
806:(1934). "Hol, Jon". In
697:parliamentary elections
1545:Lèse majesté in Norway
1535:Norwegian male writers
1390:"Cemeteries in Norway"
1347:"Stortingsvalget 1924"
1322:"Stortingsvalget 1906"
1115:Sørensen, 1984: p. 67.
1103:Sørensen, 1984: p. 66.
1032:Nerbøvik 2007, p. 159.
1023:Sørensen, 1984: p. 61.
959:Sørensen, 1984: p. 59.
947:Sørensen, 1984: p. 14.
529:mathematics professor
468:
281:Supreme Court Justices
172:parliamentary election
1520:People from Nord-Odal
1238:Store norske leksikon
1233:"Radikale folkeparti"
1197:Store norske leksikon
921:Nerbøvik, 2007: p.155
900:Store norske leksikon
835:Nerbøvik, 2007: p.142
826:Nordby, 2006: pp.9–10
497:Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
462:
343:1882 general election
213:Norsk Nationaltidende
1159:Arbeidernes leksikon
1124:Sørensen, 1984: p.11
1044:Nerbøvik 2007, p.161
650:Bandak-Nordsjø Canal
454:Kongsvinger Fortress
327:Norsk Skyttertidende
249:separation of powers
221:government ministers
217:Norwegian Parliament
86:Writer in newspapers
1530:Norwegian engineers
1301:on 17 February 2012
1271:on 17 February 2012
693:temperance movement
523:Minister of Finance
413:with "thousands of
411:Parliament Building
349:, the Commander at
295:Jon Hol sided with
291:Arenas for activism
261:popular sovereignty
168:temperance movement
1291:"BIBSYS entry for
880:Nordby, 2004: p.76
868:Nordby, 2004: p.93
859:Nordby, 2006: p.10
847:Nordby, 2004: p.75
582:universal suffrage
469:
384:rifle associations
202:Political activism
35:Illustration from
1525:People from Skien
1477:Sørensen, Øystein
1422:. Volume five of
1416:Nerbøvik, Jostein
1166:on 21 August 2011
713:Hans Nilsen Hauge
705:Statistics Norway
519:Niels Mathias Rye
450:landslide victory
399:Nordre Skytterlag
351:Akershus Fortress
119:Jon Gundersen Hol
116:
115:
107:
95:
1582:
1494:
1472:
1459:(in Norwegian).
1451:
1429:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1351:
1343:
1337:
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1334:
1332:
1326:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1287:
1281:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1267:. Archived from
1263:(in Norwegian).
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1228:
1222:
1219:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1187:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1142:
1125:
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1116:
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1067:
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1042:
1033:
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1024:
1021:
1015:
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1006:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
984:
978:
975:
969:
966:
960:
957:
948:
945:
939:
938:
928:
922:
919:
913:
912:
910:
908:
887:
881:
878:
869:
866:
860:
857:
848:
845:
836:
833:
827:
824:
818:
817:
800:
741:Social Democrats
647:
630:Labour Democrats
441:Christian Selmer
269:Council of State
105:
93:
81:Engineering work
33:
19:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1500:
1499:
1491:
1475:
1454:
1448:
1432:
1414:
1411:
1406:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1314:
1304:
1302:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1220:
1213:
1203:
1201:
1189:
1188:
1179:
1169:
1167:
1152:, eds. (1932).
1144:
1143:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1114:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1088:
1086:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1036:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
986:
985:
981:
976:
972:
967:
963:
958:
951:
946:
942:
930:
929:
925:
920:
916:
906:
904:
889:
888:
884:
879:
872:
867:
863:
858:
851:
846:
839:
834:
830:
825:
821:
802:
801:
770:
765:
760:
752:Vestre gravlund
709:Coalition Party
671:Teknisk Ukeblad
642:
543:
531:Ole Jacob Broch
443:and his entire
437:
335:
293:
239:, continuously
209:
204:
180:
170:. He stood for
82:
57:
51:
42:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1588:
1586:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1502:
1501:
1496:
1495:
1489:
1473:
1452:
1446:
1430:
1425:Norsk historie
1410:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1381:
1363:
1338:
1312:
1282:
1252:
1223:
1211:
1177:
1126:
1117:
1105:
1096:
1071:
1046:
1034:
1025:
1016:
1001:
979:
970:
961:
949:
940:
923:
914:
882:
870:
861:
849:
837:
828:
819:
767:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
717:Carl Stousland
641:
638:
542:
539:
436:
431:
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1409:Bibliography
1394:. Retrieved
1384:
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1354:. Retrieved
1341:
1329:. Retrieved
1315:
1303:. Retrieved
1299:the original
1292:
1285:
1273:. Retrieved
1269:the original
1255:
1243:. Retrieved
1236:
1226:
1202:. Retrieved
1195:
1168:. Retrieved
1164:the original
1157:
1150:Hegna, Trond
1146:Friis, Jakob
1120:
1099:
1087:. Retrieved
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992:. Retrieved
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804:Meyer, Håkon
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481:At attention
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160:city council
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144:trade unions
127:lèse majesté
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118:
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101:
38:Verdens Gang
36:
1515:1941 deaths
1463:(1): 3–21.
1295:by Jon Hol"
1011:Aftenposten
934:Aftenposten
701:independent
473:Rifleringen
465:Rifleringen
434:Rifleringen
403:Nordre Aker
277:Impeachment
229:legislature
135:impeachment
123:Rifleringen
102:Rifleringen
1504:Categories
895:"Riksrett"
758:References
745:Communists
640:Later life
626:Arbeideren
622:Arbeideren
587:Arbeideren
535:Emil Stang
515:Ole Bachke
501:Lars Holst
485:Fatherland
323:Nordmanden
315:Nordmanden
307:socialists
207:Background
196:Kristiania
178:Early life
152:Kristiania
70:Occupation
684:Dagbladet
662:Kongsberg
552:Etterstad
407:Samfundet
360:battalion
319:Samfundet
311:Samfundet
184:Nord-Odal
104:pamphlet
83:Activism
54:Nord-Odal
1479:(1984).
1436:(2004).
1418:(2007).
893:(2007).
658:Notodden
415:bayonets
192:Sør-Odal
73:Engineer
56:, Norway
1396:7 March
1356:7 March
1331:7 March
1305:3 April
1275:3 April
1245:3 April
1204:3 April
1170:3 April
1089:3 April
1064:3 April
994:3 April
907:5 April
810:(ed.).
737:Kragerø
477:Giv Akt
445:cabinet
371:castle
369:Scanian
285:Lagting
50:c. 1851
41:, 1884.
23:Jon Hol
1487:
1444:
1265:BIBSYS
689:Folket
564:strike
548:Kampen
241:vetoed
106:(1884)
1350:(PDF)
1325:(PDF)
763:Notes
666:Risør
654:Skien
364:bolts
245:check
164:Skien
1485:ISBN
1442:ISBN
1398:2011
1358:2011
1333:2011
1307:2009
1277:2009
1247:2009
1206:2009
1172:2009
1091:2009
1066:2009
996:2009
909:2009
743:and
664:and
499:and
425:and
321:and
257:1814
62:Died
47:Born
1465:doi
487:".
162:of
150:in
1506::
1461:22
1235:.
1214:^
1180:^
1156:.
1148:;
1129:^
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646:kr
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1360:.
1335:.
1309:.
1279:.
1249:.
1208:.
1174:.
1093:.
1068:.
998:.
911:.
479:(
467:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
