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should marry one or the other of the
Princes, that we may have more liis. There are no other Aliis who they look to except Prince David or his brother, who would be eligible to the throne..." It took five months for Kaʻiulani to respond to Liliʻuokalani's suggestion. In a June 22, 1894, letter Kaʻiulani asserted that she would prefer to marry for love unless it was necessary stating, "I feel it would be wrong if I married a man I did not love."
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616:. The rebels proved no match for the Republic troops and police, and shortly after hostilities began, all those involved in the rebellion were routed and captured. Kūhiō was sentenced to a year in prison while others were charged with treason and sentenced to execution (commuted to imprisonment). Kūhiō served his full term. His fiancée,
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Kūhiō circulated a letter to
Senators in 1920 that is descriptive of his thinking. "After extensive investigation and survey on the part of various organizations organized for the purpose of rehabilitating the race, it was found that the only method in which to rehabilitate the race was to place them
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requirements (the degree to which their ancestors were native
Hawaiian), and leased land instead of granting fee-simple ownership, creating a perpetual government institution. This act and those that followed remain controversial in Hawaiian politics, and were used to justify more recent legislation
755:
After the revision to the
Organic Act, the Hawaiian legislature debated allowing women's suffrage from 1919 to 1920. The issue became deadlocked due to disagreement between the Hawaii Territorial Senate and the Hawaii Territorial House about whether the bill would take effect in the primary election
686:
He served from March 4, 1903, until his death, winning a total of ten elections. During this time he instituted local government at the county level, creating the county system that survives in Hawaiʻi. He staffed the resulting civil service positions with
Hawaiian appointees. This move combined the
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on March 26 is a state holiday that honors Kūhiō's birth. Three of Hawaii's public schools also honor him: Kalani High School in
Honolulu, Prince Jonah Kūhiō Elementary School in Honolulu and Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole Elementary and Intermediate School in Papaikou, Hawaii, near Hilo on the
808:
On
January 29, 1894, when Princess Kaʻiulani was nineteen, Liliʻuokalani wrote asking her to consider marrying either Prince David Kawānanakoa, Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole, or an unnamed Japanese prince (then studying in London). She reminded her, "It is the wish of the people that you
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which established the
Territory of Hawaii and specifically forbade the territorial legislature from granting suffrage on the local level contrary to the federal constitution. Kūhiō received no attention from Congress on the matter, but brought the issue forward again in 1916.
639:, who left her properties to Kūhiō and his brother, died in 1899. In responses to these personal losses, Kūhiō and his wife left Hawaii from March 1900 to September 1901. They traveled widely in the United States and Europe, where they were treated as royalty. He traveled to
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On July 10, 1902, Prince Kūhiō split from the Home Rule Party, walking out of its convention along with nearly half of the other delegates. He formed the short-lived Hui Kuokoa Party. However, by
September 1, 1902, Kuhio decided to join the
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US House of
Representatives; et al. (Kato, Kenneth; Litten, Joshua; Burns, Jacqueline, V.; Ethier, Grace; Hromada, Erin Marie-Lloyd; Murphy, Michael; O'Hara, Laura Turner; Rucker, Terrance) (2018). Kowalewski, Albin J. (ed.).
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404:. In the 1870s, a French school teacher at St. Alban's, commented on how the young man's eyes twinkled merrily and how he kept a perpetual smile. "He is so cute, just like the pictures of the little
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In 1888, Kalākaua sent Kūhiō to Japan where he was a guest of the Japanese government. He had wished that Kūhiō would marry a Japanese princess but this political alliance never materialized.
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376:, a High Chief of Kauaʻi. His Hawaiian name Kuhio translated into "Chief who leaned forward as he stood," and "Kalanianaʻole" meant "ambitious Chief," or "Chief who is never satisfied."
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to the locals, becoming the first California surfers in 1885. In September 1890, Kawānanakoa and Kūhiō became the first surfers in the British Isles and taught their English tutor
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Yasutake, Rumi (2017). "Re-Franchising Women of Hawaiʻi, 1912–1920: Politics of Gender, Sovereignty, Race, and Rank at the Crossroads of the Pacific". In Choy, Catherine Ceniza;
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After completing his basic education he traveled abroad for further study. His uncle King Kalākaua pushed for future Hawaiian leaders to attain a broader education with his 1880
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Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole. Memorial addresses delivered in the House of Representatives of the United States in memory of Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole, late a delegate from Hawaii
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political patronage system of 19th century American politics with the traditional Hawaiian chiefly role of beneficent delegation of authority to trusted retainers.
679:, was nominated as their candidate for Congress, and dramatically altered the political landscape. Kūhiō was elected delegate to the U.S. Congress as a Republican.
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on the island of Oʻahu. His widow Kahanu used her own funds (later reimbursed by the territorial government) to renovate the chapel at the mausoleum in his honor.
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of 1919 or 1920 and whether a referendum should decide the issue. Local legislation never passed because the following year Congress passed the suffrage-granting
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In 1915, political parties in the territory asked Kūhiō to bring a bill to the U.S. Congress that requested the right for the territorial legislature to rule on
213:
1345:"Biography Hawai'i: Five Lives A Series of Public Remembrances: PRINCE JONAH KÜHIÖ KALANIANA'OLE HAWAIIAN ALI'I & CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATE (Univ. of Hawaii)"
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Prepared under the direction of the Committee on House Administration by the Office of the Historian and the Office of the Clerk, US House of Representatives
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ascended to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. He became an orphan after his father died in 1878 and mother in 1884. Kalanianaʻole was adopted by King
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Kūhiō was often called Ke Aliʻi Makaʻāinana (Prince of the People) and is well known for his efforts to preserve and strengthen the Hawaiian people.
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752:, helped successfully advocate for the passage of that bill. Pitman used her political contacts to help Kūhiō. The bill was enacted in June 1918.
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before graduating from business school in England. He was described as an excellent marksman and athlete at sports such as football and cycling.
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until it was overthrown by a coalition of American and European businessmen in 1893. He later went on to become a representative in the
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McGregor, Davianna Pōmaikaʻi; Silva, Noenoe K. (2003). "Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole – Hawaiian Aliʻi & Congressional delegate".
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1589:"Mrs. Pitman Get Credit For Bill. Wife of Hilo Man Instrumental In Securing Congressional Action on Hawaii Suffrage Measure"
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In 1919, Kūhiō introduced in Congress the first-ever Hawaii Statehood Act. Forty years passed before it came to fruition.
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In 1890, Kūhiō and Kawānanakoa were sent to attend schools in the United Kingdom. This came a year after their cousin
1723:(a high school textbook on Hawaiian history, see especially chapter 3: "Prince Kūhiō and the Hawaiian Homestead Act")
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2015:
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The Passing of Liliʻuokalani: Preceded by a Brief Historical Interpretation of the Life of Liliʻuokalani of Hawaii
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408:", teacher Pierre Jones said. The nickname, "Prince Cupid", stuck with Prince Kūhiō for the rest of his life.
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holiday in 1904. He was a founder of the first Hawaiian Civic Club on December 7, 1918. He helped organize a
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Death Rites and Hawaiian Royalty: Funerary Practices in the Kamehameha and Kalākaua Dynasties, 1819–1953
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program. The Hawaiian government sent Kūhiō and his two brothers Kawānanakoa and Keliʻiahonui to attend
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79:
1920:
Cleghorn, Thomas A. K.; Cleghorn, Nellie Yarnell Maxwell; Argow, Dorothy; Allen, Katherine B. (1979).
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2611:"The Last Illness and Death of Hawaiʻi's King Kalākaua: A New Historical/Clinical Perspective Cover"
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744:. The bill would allow the territory of Hawaii to decide suffrage. In 1918 New England suffragist
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In 1917 Kūhiō brought another bill to the United States Congress that was put forward by Senator
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Mehmed, Ali (1998). "Hoʻohuiʻaina Pala Ka Maiʻa: Remembering Annexation One Hundred Years Ago".
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Parker, David "Kawika" (2008). "Crypts of the Ali'i The Last Refuge of the Hawaiian Royalty".
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Kūhiō returned from his self-imposed exile to take part in politics. He became active in the
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While attending school in San Mateo, Kūhiō and his brothers surfed the Pacific seashore at
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The Rights of My People: Liliʻuokalani's Enduring Battle with the United States, 1893–1917
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671:, which represented native Hawaiians and continued to fight for Hawaiian independence.
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781:. Kūhiō served on the first Hawaiian Homes Commission starting on September 16, 1921.
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Delegates to the United States House of Representatives from the Territory of Hawaii
2544:
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570:, which made Kalanianaʻole a Prince of the Kingdom. After Kalākaua's death in 1891,
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875:
List of Asian Americans and Pacific Islands Americans in the United States Congress
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389:
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Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Hawaii
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Kūhiō died on January 7, 1922. His body was interred near his royal family at the
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364:, the last ruling chief of Kauaʻi. He was named after his maternal grandfather
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2362:
Fifty-First Annual Report of the Hawaiian Historical Society for the Year 1942
2000:
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was enacted. Despite Kūhiō's wishes, the Act required that recipients verify
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The Arts of Kingship: Hawaiian Art and National Culture of the Kalākaua Era
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528:
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1992:
1395:
562:
545:
397:
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2104:. Vol. VI. New York: National American Woman Suffrage Association.
1635:
Recasting the Vote: How Women of Color Transformed the Suffrage Movement
1399:
3660:
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2637:
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The Queen and I: A Story of Dispossessions and Reconnections in Hawaiʻi
1936:
714:
699:
500: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
451:
435:
159:
95:
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1779:
1777:
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3026:
2971:
2689:
360:(Hawaiian nobility) his genealogy was complex, but he was an heir of
2609:
Mcdermott, John F.; Choy, Zita Cup; Guerrero, Anthony P. S. (2015).
2373:
880:
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)
708:
658:
599:
527:
405:
351:
337:
75:
2009:
1595:. Vol. LII, no. 61. Honolulu. 30 July 1918. p. 8.
401:
99:
3394:
1850:
Bunford, Stephen R. (2011). "Kaʻiulani, the Peacock Princess".
2011:
Hawaiian National Bibliography, 1780–1900, Volume 4: 1881–1900
1820:
The Betrayal of Liliʻuokalani: Last Queen of Hawaii, 1838–1917
966:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii. pp. 1–7. Archived from
960:
Biography Hawai'i: Five Lives; A Series of Public Remembrances
469:
423:
in 1885. Keliʻiahonui died in 1887 while at home from school.
3214:
Asian and Pacific Islander Americans in Congress, 1900–2017.
2402:
The Hawaiian Kingdom 1778–1854, Foundation and Transformation
1535:
1533:
1768:
1266:
824:
Kūhiō is memorialized by streets, beaches and surf breaks,
574:
became queen, and she continued to favour Kalanianaʻole.
327:, and as such is the only royal-born member of Congress.
3422:
Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii
1108:"Chapter 3: Prince Kūhiō and the Hawaiian Homestead Act"
902:
The almanac of women and minorities in American politics
450:. The brothers demonstrated the Hawaiian sport of board
3256:. Papakōlea Community Association. 2004. Archived from
2853:
Hawaiian Dictionary: Hawaiian-English, English-Hawaiian
2579:
Princess Kaʻiulani: Hope of a Nation, Heart of a People
2355:"Negotiation of the Hawaiian Annexation Treaty of 1893"
315:(March 26, 1871 – January 7, 1922) was a prince of the
1853:
Kamehameha's Crown: A History of the Hawaiian Monarchy
1430:
Shoal of Time : a history of the Hawaiian Islands
560:, who was his maternal aunt. This practice was called
430:
was also sent to England for school He studied at the
2450:
The Hawaiian Kingdom 1854–1874, Twenty Critical Years
346:
Kalanianaʻole was born March 26, 1871, in Kukuiʻula,
2498:
The Hawaiian Kingdom 1874–1893, The Kalākaua Dynasty
1317:
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
27:
Hawaiian royalty and Hawaiian politician (1871–1922)
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3562:
3537:
3521:
3514:
3498:
3428:
3223:. Washington, DC: US Government Publishing Office.
1638:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 175.
1138:. Santa Cruz, Calif: Otter B Books, 2002, p.144-46.
288:
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208:
189:
170:
158:
144:
130:
109:
85:
57:
34:
3103:
2717:(4). Wellington: The Polynesian Society: 411–432.
2707:"The Endurance of Surfing in 19th-century Hawaiʻi"
2684:. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society: 141–154.
2153:
1783:
899:
748:, who was married to the son of Hawaiian chiefess
3761:Prisoners and detainees of the Republic of Hawaii
3746:British military personnel of the Second Boer War
3327:"Kalaniana'ole as pronounced by a native speaker"
1496:"Kalanianaole, Jonah Kuhio, Prince office record"
1475:"Founding of the Hawaiian Civic Club of Honolulu"
592:, and then a republic with no role for monarchs.
3319:"Prince Kuhio: The bridge from Kingdom to State"
2623:. Honolulu: Hawaiian Historical Society: 59–72.
1970:Waikiki: A History of Forgetting and Remembering
1856:. Bloomington, IN: Worldclay. pp. 184–196.
566:, a traditional form of adoption widely used in
2546:Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen, Liliʻuokalani
2320:Waikīkī, 100 B.C. to 1900 A.D.: An Untold Story
1237:
1235:
2205:. S. I.: McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers.
647:or accompanied the army as an observer in the
3406:
1929:The Watumull Foundation, Oral History Project
1180:"Hawaiian royals surf Bridlington – in 1890!"
8:
3366:U.S. House of Representatives
3192:"The Unlikely Odyssey Of Prince Jonah Kuhio"
2949:"Kalakaua's Hawaiian Studies Abroad Program"
3776:Burials at the Royal Mausoleum (Mauna ʻAla)
3741:Alumni of the Royal Agricultural University
1280:"Prince Cupid Will Make His Home In London"
998:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p.
608:At age twenty-four, he participated in the
3801:Recipients of the Royal Order of Kapiolani
3566:
3518:
3413:
3399:
3391:
3344:
1894:Hawaiian Surfing: Traditions from the Past
1490:
1488:
1288:. San Francisco. 28 March 1900. p. 12
49:
31:
3796:Recipients of the Royal Order of Kalākaua
3102:Webb, Nancy; Webb, Jean Francis (1998) .
2722:
2636:
1312:"Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole (id: K000004)"
1136:Lighthouse Point: Illuminating Santa Cruz
694:, which held the first observance of the
577:He worked in a minor position within the
516:Learn how and when to remove this message
3372:Hawaii's at-large congressional district
1897:. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
1795:
1694:
1670:
1658:
1575:
1563:
1081:
906:(2nd ed.). Westview Press. p.
631:was formed in 1900. His cousin Princess
251:March 4, 1903 – January 7, 1922
3821:Asian conservatism in the United States
2769:Peterson, Barbara Bennett, ed. (1984).
1305:
1303:
890:
2431:from the original on 25 September 2014
2246:. Honolulu: Topgallant Publishing Co.
1744:
1682:
1551:
1539:
1524:
141:
3786:Home Rule Party of Hawaii politicians
2711:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
2479:from the original on 13 December 2014
2268:from the original on 29 December 2019
2227:from the original on 24 December 2019
2056:Captive Paradise: A History of Hawaii
1756:
1330:
1207:Legendary Surfers Volume 3: The 1930s
1093:
1057:
1032:"Kuhio's advice still relevant today"
1025:
1023:
1021:
1012:
770:Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of 1921
764:Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of 1921
384:He attended St. Alban's College, now
7:
3273:Taegan D. Goddard (1 January 2010).
3060:Who Owns the Crown Lands of Hawaiʻi?
3002:Stassen-McLaughlin, Marilyn (1999).
2934:from the original on 1 November 2019
2527:from the original on 20 January 2015
2101:History of Woman Suffrage: 1900–1920
1922:"Thomas Alexander Kaulaahi Cleghorn"
498:adding citations to reliable sources
3106:Kaʻiulani: Crown Princess of Hawaii
3004:"Unlucky Star – Princess Kaʻiulani"
2882:from the original on 1 January 2015
1967:Feeser, Andrea; Chan, Gaye (2006).
1732:
1069:
3781:Hawaiian insurgents and supporters
3190:Downey, Kirstin (1 January 2023).
2661:from the original on 1 August 2018
2186:from the original on 12 April 2020
1607:"Mrs. Pitman Gets Credit for Bill"
1481:. Hawaiian Civic Club of Honolulu.
1370:"Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalaniana'ole"
1178:Museum of British Surfing (2012).
932:"Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole"
834:Prince Kūhiō Plaza Shopping Center
586:overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii
25:
3716:20th-century American legislators
3299:"Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole"
3254:"Prince Jonah Kuhio Kalanianaole"
3140:Gendering the Trans-Pacific World
3089:from the original on 22 July 2020
3044:from the original on 17 June 2020
2989:from the original on 27 June 2020
2830:from the original on 16 July 2020
2383:from the original on 29 June 2020
2139:from the original on 12 July 2017
2085:from the original on 13 June 2020
2040:from the original on 13 June 2020
1954:from the original on 27 June 2020
1878:from the original on 10 July 2020
1502:. State of Hawaii. Archived from
1473:Parker Widemann (February 1980).
1030:Pat Omandam (20 September 1999).
3489:
3429:Territorial delegate (1899–1959)
3377:March 4, 1903 – January 7, 1922
2705:Moser, Patrick (December 2016).
2098:Harper, Ida Husted, ed. (1922).
1769:US House of Representatives 2018
1267:US House of Representatives 2018
1204:Gault-Williams, Malcolm (2012).
995:Official Congressional Directory
859:
643:where he either enlisted in the
590:Provisional Government of Hawaii
474:
212:
3751:Royalty of the Hawaiian Kingdom
3364:Delegate to the
3340:. Washington: Govt. Print. Off.
3303:Our Family History and Ancestry
3110:. Honolulu: Mutual Publishing.
3011:The Hawaiian Journal of History
2956:The Hawaiian Journal of History
2808:. New York: Algora Publishing.
2677:The Hawaiian Journal of History
2616:The Hawaiian Journal of History
2117:Hodges, William C. Jr. (1918).
1153:"Britain's original beach boys"
992:United States Congress (1910).
936:Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park
690:In 1903, Kūhiō reorganized the
485:needs additional citations for
372:, and his paternal grandfather
3515:Two at-large seats (1963–1971)
2162:University of California Press
2008:Forbes, David W., ed. (2003).
1343:McGregor, Davianna Pömaikaʻi.
1096:, pp. 171, 177, 199, 205.
618:Elizabeth Kahanu Kalanianaʻole
466:Prince of the Kalākaua dynasty
135:Elizabeth Kahanu Kalanianaʻole
18:Jonah Kūhiō Kalaniana'ole
1:
3499:One at-large seat (1959–1963)
3349:U.S. House of Representatives
3168:Newspapers and online sources
2902:; Mookini, Esther T. (1974).
2152:Iaukea, Sydney Lehua (2012).
1368:Tsai, Michael (2 July 2006).
838:Prince Kuhio Federal Building
540:ended with the death of King
231:U.S. House of Representatives
1632:Cahill, Cathleen D. (2020).
1242:Stu Dawrs (April–May 2002).
702:celebration of the death of
3791:Hawaiian military personnel
3766:Native Hawaiian politicians
3179:Burgess, Kawika K. (1997).
3019:Hawaiian Historical Society
2964:Hawaiian Historical Society
2802:Proto, Neil Thomas (2009).
2749:. Honolulu: Alu Like, Inc.
2366:Hawaiian Historical Society
2281:Kamehiro, Stacy L. (2009).
1621:– via Newspapers.com.
713:The Prince Kūhiō Statue at
692:Royal Order of Kamehameha I
663:As a Congressional Delegate
3837:
3065:University of Hawaii Press
2910:University of Hawaii Press
2858:University of Hawaii Press
2777:University of Hawaii Press
2724:10.15286/jps.125.4.411-432
2503:University of Hawaii Press
2455:University of Hawaii Press
2407:University of Hawaii Press
2325:University of Hawaii Press
2289:University of Hawaii Press
2199:Kam, Ralph Thomas (2017).
2016:University of Hawaii Press
1975:University of Hawaii Press
1891:Clark, John R. K. (2011).
1435:University of Hawaii Press
1084:, pp. 55, 58, 78, 82.
579:Department of the Interior
458:to surf on the beaches of
432:Royal Agricultural College
194:Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike
124:Mauna ʻAla Royal Mausoleum
3806:Hawaiian adoptees (hānai)
3487:
3379:
3362:
3354:
3347:
3185:. Hilo, HI: Hale Kuamoʻo.
3182:Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
3057:Van Dyke, Jon M. (2008).
2501:. Vol. 3. Honolulu:
2493:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson
2453:. Vol. 2. Honolulu:
2445:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson
2405:. Vol. 1. Honolulu:
2397:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson
2351:Kuykendall, Ralph Simpson
2014:. Vol. 4. Honolulu:
1817:Allen, Helena G. (1982).
1613:. 29 July 1918. p. 7
1184:Museum of British Surfing
832:near his birthplace, the
814:Elizabeth Kahanu Kaʻauwai
669:Home Rule Party of Hawaii
596:Post-overthrow activities
313:Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
306:
302:
279:
244:
224:
220:
175:David Kahalepouli Piʻikoi
150:Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
149:
140:
48:
39:
35:Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
3563:Districts (1971–present)
3305:. Families of Old Hawaii
2053:Haley, James L. (2014).
1709:Modern History of Hawaii
1310:United States Congress.
1112:Modern History of Hawaii
768:During this period, the
723:
655:From prince to statesman
637:Queen Dowager Kapiʻolani
3816:Native Hawaiian surfers
3383:Henry Alexander Baldwin
2772:Notable Women of Hawaii
2576:Linnea, Sharon (1999).
1825:Arthur H. Clark Company
1784:Stassen-McLaughlin 1999
1611:The Honolulu Advertiser
938:. National Park Service
793:known as Mauna ʻAla in
746:Almira Hollander Pitman
627:annexed Hawaii and the
3334:United States (1924).
2584:Eerdmans Young Readers
2125:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
1285:The San Francisco Call
1037:Honolulu Star-Bulletin
717:
664:
605:
536:After the rule of the
533:
417:Saint Matthew's School
413:Hawaiian Youths Abroad
343:
325:United States Congress
3811:ʻIolani School alumni
3736:Punahou School alumni
3358:Robert William Wilcox
3275:"Friday Night Trivia"
2947:Quigg, Agnes (1988).
2905:Place Names of Hawaii
2629:10.1353/hjh.2015.0002
1433:. Honolulu, HI, USA:
1378:. Honolulu, HI, USA:
712:
683:back upon the soil."
662:
610:1895 Wilcox rebellion
603:
588:put in power first a
584:However, in 1893 the
531:
462:in northern England.
421:San Mateo, California
341:
2764:on 11 November 2013.
2743:Tales of Our Hawaiʻi
2582:. Grand Rapids, MI:
2240:Kamae, Lori (1980).
1707:Rayson, Ann (2004).
1697:, pp. 116, 135.
1593:The Hawaiian Gazette
1082:Webb & Webb 1998
898:Mart Martin (2001).
840:named in his honor.
758:Nineteenth Amendment
581:and Customs Office.
494:improve this article
3196:Honolulu Civil Beat
2315:Kanahele, George S.
1798:, pp. 189–191.
1771:, pp. 112–123.
1735:, pp. 166–171.
1673:, pp. 130–136.
1542:, pp. 715–719.
1375:Honolulu Advertiser
1106:Ann Rayson (2004).
1072:, pp. 126–127.
1060:, pp. 170–208.
629:Territory of Hawaii
620:visited him daily.
614:Republic of Hawaiʻi
538:House of Kamehameha
532:As prince of Hawaii
366:Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole
323:as delegate to the
321:Territory of Hawaii
104:Territory of Hawaii
3771:Hawaii Republicans
3260:on 3 December 2008
2896:Pukui, Mary Kawena
2844:Pukui, Mary Kawena
2061:St. Martin's Press
1931:. Honolulu: 1–82.
1810:Books and journals
1747:, pp. 17, 35.
1527:, p. 715-716.
718:
665:
606:
548:died in 1874, the
544:in 1872, and King
534:
368:, a High Chief of
344:
317:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi
80:Kingdom of Hawaiʻi
3756:House of Kalākaua
3731:Princes of Hawaii
3693:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3558:
3557:
3389:
3388:
3380:Succeeded by
3285:on 5 January 2010
3230:978-0-16-094356-0
3150:978-90-04-33610-0
3143:. Leiden: Brill.
3135:Wu, Judy Tzu-Chun
3117:978-1-56647-206-7
3074:978-0-8248-3211-7
2919:978-0-8248-0524-1
2900:Elbert, Samuel H.
2867:978-0-8248-0703-0
2848:Elbert, Samuel H.
2815:978-0-87586-720-5
2786:978-0-8248-0820-4
2593:978-0-8028-5088-1
2560:978-0-548-22265-2
2551:Lee & Shepard
2512:978-0-87022-433-1
2464:978-0-87022-432-4
2334:978-0-8248-1790-9
2298:978-0-8248-3263-6
2253:978-0-914916-44-4
2212:978-1-4766-6846-8
2171:978-0-520-95030-6
2070:978-0-312-60065-5
2025:978-0-8248-2636-9
1984:978-0-8248-2979-7
1904:978-0-8248-6032-5
1863:978-1-60481-945-8
1834:978-0-87062-144-4
1786:, pp. 46–48.
1759:, pp. 67–68.
1645:978-1-4696-5933-6
1500:official archives
1479:official web site
1444:978-0-8248-0324-7
1217:978-1-300-49071-5
1121:978-1-57306-209-1
917:978-0-8133-9817-4
785:Death and funeral
550:House of Kalākaua
526:
525:
518:
400:on the island of
350:on the island of
310:
309:
239:At-large district
204:
185:
165:House of Kalākaua
154:
153:
42:Prince of Hawaiʻi
16:(Redirected from
3828:
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3574:
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3355:Preceded by
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3281:. Archived from
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2243:The Empty Throne
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1823:. Glendale, CA:
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1511:
1506:on 22 April 2012
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1350:. Archived from
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1151:(9 April 2012).
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895:
869:
867:Biography portal
864:
863:
862:
847:Island of Hawaii
842:Prince Kūhiō Day
826:Kuhio Beach Park
742:John F. Shaforth
730:women's suffrage
724:Women's suffrage
677:Republican Party
558:Queen Kapiʻolani
521:
514:
510:
507:
501:
478:
470:
284:Personal details
274:Henry A. Baldwin
270:
262:Robert W. Wilcox
258:
249:
235:Hawaii Territory
229:Delegate to the
216:
200:
198:Queen Kapiʻolani
181:
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120:January 15, 1922
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3173:Further reading
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1437:. p. 296.
1423:
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1357:on 6 June 2014.
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1210:. p. 255.
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649:Second Boer War
604:Kuhio in prison
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342:The young Kūhiō
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289:Political party
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1711:. Bess press.
1699:
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1005:
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3517:
3513:
3507:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3492:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3476:E. Farrington
3474:
3472:
3471:J. Farrington
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3441:Kalanianaʻole
3439:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3416:
3411:
3409:
3404:
3402:
3397:
3396:
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3218:
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3076:
3070:
3066:
3062:
3061:
3055:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3005:
3000:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2950:
2945:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2859:
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2800:
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2788:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2767:
2760:
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2752:
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2683:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2660:
2656:
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2644:
2639:
2634:
2630:
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2622:
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2617:
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2580:
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2566:
2562:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2542:
2541:Liliʻuokalani
2538:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2416:0-87022-431-X
2412:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2356:
2352:
2348:
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2330:
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2316:
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2255:
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2238:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2197:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2163:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2096:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2051:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1965:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1889:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1855:
1854:
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1844:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1797:
1796:Peterson 1984
1792:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1746:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1726:
1720:
1718:1-57306-209-X
1714:
1710:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:Yasutake 2017
1691:
1688:
1684:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1671:Yasutake 2017
1667:
1664:
1660:
1659:Yasutake 2017
1655:
1652:
1647:
1641:
1637:
1636:
1628:
1625:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1576:Yasutake 2017
1572:
1569:
1565:
1564:Yasutake 2017
1560:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1489:
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1476:
1469:
1466:
1454:
1450:
1446:
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1420:
1417:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
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1364:
1361:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1251:Vol. 5, No. 2
1250:
1245:
1244:"Civic Pride"
1238:
1236:
1232:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1200:
1197:
1185:
1181:
1174:
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1158:
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1150:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1128:
1123:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1051:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1006:
1001:
997:
996:
988:
985:
969:
962:
961:
953:
950:
937:
933:
927:
924:
919:
913:
909:
904:
903:
894:
891:
885:
881:
878:
876:
873:
872:
868:
857:
852:
850:
848:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
819:
817:
815:
810:
806:
801:Personal life
800:
798:
796:
792:
784:
782:
780:
775:
774:blood-quantum
771:
763:
761:
759:
753:
751:
747:
743:
738:
735:
731:
721:
716:
711:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
688:
684:
680:
678:
672:
670:
661:
654:
652:
650:
646:
642:
638:
635:and his aunt
634:
630:
626:
625:United States
623:In 1898, the
621:
619:
615:
611:
602:
595:
593:
591:
587:
582:
580:
575:
573:
572:Liliʻuokalani
569:
565:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
530:
520:
517:
509:
499:
495:
489:
488:
483:This section
481:
477:
472:
471:
465:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
441:
439:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
379:
377:
375:
374:Jonah Piʻikoi
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:
353:
349:
340:
333:
331:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
305:
301:
298:
294:
291:
287:
282:
278:
275:
272:
266:
263:
260:
254:
248:
243:
240:
236:
232:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
179:King Kalākaua
176:
173:
169:
166:
163:
161:
157:
148:
143:
139:
136:
133:
129:
125:
112:
108:
105:
101:
97:
88:
84:
81:
77:
73:
60:
56:
52:
47:
44:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3637:2nd district
3572:1st district
3440:
3363:
3336:
3307:. Retrieved
3302:
3287:. Retrieved
3283:the original
3278:
3262:. Retrieved
3258:the original
3217:
3213:
3199:. Retrieved
3195:
3181:
3139:
3105:
3091:. Retrieved
3063:. Honolulu:
3059:
3046:. Retrieved
3017:. Honolulu:
3014:
3010:
2991:. Retrieved
2962:. Honolulu:
2959:
2955:
2936:. Retrieved
2908:. Honolulu:
2904:
2884:. Retrieved
2856:. Honolulu:
2852:
2832:. Retrieved
2804:
2775:. Honolulu:
2771:
2759:the original
2742:
2714:
2710:
2681:
2675:
2663:. Retrieved
2620:
2614:
2578:
2545:
2529:. Retrieved
2497:
2481:. Retrieved
2449:
2433:. Retrieved
2401:
2385:. Retrieved
2364:. Honolulu:
2361:
2323:. Honolulu:
2319:
2287:. Honolulu:
2283:
2270:. Retrieved
2242:
2229:. Retrieved
2201:
2188:. Retrieved
2160:. Berkeley:
2155:
2141:. Retrieved
2123:. Honolulu:
2119:
2100:
2087:. Retrieved
2059:. New York:
2055:
2042:. Retrieved
2010:
1973:. Honolulu:
1969:
1956:. Retrieved
1928:
1893:
1880:. Retrieved
1852:
1819:
1805:Bibliography
1791:
1764:
1752:
1740:
1728:
1708:
1702:
1690:
1678:
1666:
1654:
1634:
1627:
1615:. Retrieved
1610:
1601:
1592:
1583:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1504:the original
1499:
1478:
1468:
1456:. Retrieved
1429:
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1373:
1363:
1352:the original
1338:
1326:
1315:
1290:. Retrieved
1283:
1274:
1247:
1206:
1199:
1187:. Retrieved
1183:
1173:
1161:. Retrieved
1156:
1149:Martin, Andy
1143:
1135:
1130:
1111:
1101:
1089:
1077:
1065:
1053:
1041:. Retrieved
1035:
1008:
994:
987:
975:. Retrieved
968:the original
959:
952:
940:. Retrieved
935:
926:
901:
893:
823:
811:
807:
804:
788:
777:such as the
767:
754:
739:
727:
719:
704:Kamehameha I
689:
685:
681:
673:
666:
645:British Army
641:South Africa
622:
612:against the
607:
583:
576:
561:
542:Kamehameha V
535:
512:
503:
492:Please help
487:verification
484:
445:
425:
410:
390:Oahu College
383:
355:
354:. Like many
345:
329:
312:
311:
269:Succeeded by
246:
201:
182:
91:(1922-01-07)
40:
29:
3726:1922 deaths
3721:1871 births
3601:Abercrombie
3591:Abercrombie
2966:: 170–208.
2638:10524/56606
1937:10524/48595
1745:Parker 2008
1683:Harper 1922
1617:11 December
1552:Harper 1922
1540:Harper 1922
1525:Harper 1922
1510:27 November
1425:Daws, Gavan
1380:Black Press
1292:19 December
1043:27 November
734:Organic Act
460:Bridlington
257:Preceded by
70:Kukuiʻula,
3700:Categories
3461:McCandless
3264:1 December
3239:1019833174
2733:6925648463
2549:. Boston:
2001:1090204874
1757:Kamae 1980
1458:1 December
1409:1 December
1331:Kamae 1980
1189:2 December
1163:2 December
1094:Quigg 1988
1058:Quigg 1988
1013:Kamae 1980
942:26 January
886:References
836:, and the
779:Akaka Bill
506:March 2023
448:Santa Cruz
362:Kaumualiʻi
334:Early life
297:Republican
116:1922-01-15
64:1871-03-26
3581:Matsunaga
3529:Matsunaga
3309:2 January
3289:2 January
3201:2 January
3159:976394366
3126:265217757
3083:163812857
3027:10524/450
3021:: 21–54.
2972:10524/103
2824:319248358
2755:309392477
2690:10524/358
2665:21 August
2655:162545638
2521:500374815
2399:(1965) .
2307:663885792
2231:21 August
2221:966566652
2180:763161035
2079:865158092
2034:123279964
1993:ctt6wqr1w
1913:794925343
1872:865107256
1453:778392500
1404:137348741
1388:1072-7191
1249:Hana Hou!
1226:927369905
1157:The Times
706:in 1919.
700:centenary
633:Kaʻiulani
556:'s wife,
428:Kaʻiulani
380:Education
293:Home Rule
247:In office
209:Signature
3621:Hanabusa
3611:Hanabusa
3137:(eds.).
3087:Archived
3039:Archived
3035:60626541
2984:Archived
2980:60626541
2932:Archived
2880:Archived
2876:12751521
2850:(1986).
2828:Archived
2795:11030010
2698:60626541
2659:Archived
2647:60626541
2602:36727806
2543:(1898).
2525:Archived
2495:(1967).
2477:Archived
2473:47010821
2447:(1953).
2429:Archived
2425:47008868
2378:Archived
2374:10524/90
2368:: 5–64.
2353:(1943).
2343:33009852
2317:(1995).
2266:Archived
2225:Archived
2184:Archived
2137:Archived
2110:10703030
2083:Archived
2038:Archived
1949:Archived
1945:10006035
1876:Archived
1733:Kam 2017
1427:(1968).
1396:50065755
1159:. London
1070:Kam 2017
853:See also
546:Lunalilo
398:Honolulu
3671:Gabbard
3456:Houston
3451:Jarrett
3446:Baldwin
3093:22 July
3048:22 July
2993:22 July
2938:22 July
2928:1042464
2886:22 July
2834:22 July
2569:2387226
2531:22 July
2483:22 July
2435:22 July
2387:22 July
2272:22 July
2262:7080687
2190:22 July
2143:22 July
2133:4564101
2089:22 July
2044:22 July
1958:22 July
1882:22 July
1843:9576325
1400:9188286
795:Nuʻuanu
715:Waikīkī
452:surfing
442:Surfing
436:England
202:(hānai)
183:(hānai)
96:Waikīkī
3681:Tokuda
3676:Kahele
3666:Hirono
3586:Heftel
3538:Seat B
3522:Seat A
3506:Inouye
3436:Wilcox
3369:from
3237:
3227:
3157:
3147:
3124:
3114:
3081:
3071:
3033:
2978:
2926:
2916:
2874:
2864:
2822:
2812:
2793:
2783:
2753:
2731:
2696:
2653:
2645:
2600:
2590:
2567:
2557:
2519:
2509:
2471:
2461:
2423:
2413:
2341:
2331:
2305:
2295:
2260:
2250:
2219:
2209:
2178:
2168:
2131:
2108:
2077:
2067:
2032:
2022:
1999:
1991:
1981:
1943:
1911:
1901:
1870:
1860:
1841:
1831:
1715:
1642:
1451:
1441:
1394:
1386:
1224:
1214:
1118:
977:3 June
914:
820:Legacy
732:. The
396:), in
352:Kauaʻi
190:Mother
171:Father
131:Spouse
110:Burial
76:Kauaʻi
3651:Akaka
3616:Takai
3596:Saiki
3481:Burns
3221:(PDF)
3042:(PDF)
3007:(PDF)
2987:(PDF)
2952:(PDF)
2762:(PDF)
2747:(PDF)
2651:S2CID
2381:(PDF)
2358:(PDF)
1989:JSTOR
1952:(PDF)
1925:(PDF)
1355:(PDF)
1348:(PDF)
971:(PDF)
964:(PDF)
830:Poipu
563:hānai
406:cupid
402:Oʻahu
392:(now
357:aliʻi
348:Kōloa
233:from
160:House
145:Names
100:Oʻahu
72:Kōloa
3661:Case
3656:Mink
3646:Mink
3626:Case
3606:Djou
3550:Mink
3545:Gill
3466:King
3311:2010
3291:2010
3266:2012
3235:OCLC
3225:ISBN
3203:2023
3155:OCLC
3145:ISBN
3122:OCLC
3112:ISBN
3095:2020
3079:OCLC
3069:ISBN
3050:2020
3031:OCLC
2995:2020
2976:OCLC
2940:2020
2924:OCLC
2914:ISBN
2888:2020
2872:OCLC
2862:ISBN
2836:2020
2820:OCLC
2810:ISBN
2791:OCLC
2781:ISBN
2751:OCLC
2729:OCLC
2694:OCLC
2667:2018
2643:OCLC
2598:OCLC
2588:ISBN
2565:OCLC
2555:ISBN
2533:2020
2517:OCLC
2507:ISBN
2485:2020
2469:OCLC
2459:ISBN
2437:2020
2421:OCLC
2411:ISBN
2389:2020
2339:OCLC
2329:ISBN
2303:OCLC
2293:ISBN
2274:2020
2258:OCLC
2248:ISBN
2233:2018
2217:OCLC
2207:ISBN
2192:2020
2176:OCLC
2166:ISBN
2145:2020
2129:OCLC
2106:OCLC
2091:2020
2075:OCLC
2065:ISBN
2046:2020
2030:OCLC
2020:ISBN
1997:OCLC
1979:ISBN
1960:2020
1941:OCLC
1909:OCLC
1899:ISBN
1884:2020
1868:OCLC
1858:ISBN
1839:OCLC
1829:ISBN
1713:ISBN
1640:ISBN
1619:2020
1512:2009
1460:2012
1449:OCLC
1439:ISBN
1411:2012
1392:OCLC
1384:ISSN
1294:2020
1222:OCLC
1212:ISBN
1191:2020
1165:2020
1116:ISBN
1045:2009
979:2014
944:2021
912:ISBN
388:and
370:Hilo
86:Died
58:Born
3023:hdl
2968:hdl
2719:doi
2715:125
2686:hdl
2633:hdl
2625:doi
2370:hdl
1933:hdl
1000:139
908:276
828:in
496:by
434:in
419:in
237:'s
3702::
3301:.
3277:.
3233:.
3194:.
3153:.
3120:.
3085:.
3077:.
3067:.
3037:.
3029:.
3015:33
3013:.
3009:.
2982:.
2974:.
2960:22
2958:.
2954:.
2930:.
2922:.
2912:.
2898:;
2878:.
2870:.
2860:.
2846:;
2826:.
2818:.
2789:.
2779:.
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