256:
his nearby farm after he began to operate from
Setauket. She would add a number of handkerchiefs for one of six coves where Brewster would bring his boat and Woodhull would meet him. Historian Richard Welch writes that the tradition of the clothesline signal is unverifiable but it is known that the British had a woman at Setauket who fits Anna's profile under suspicion for disloyal activities. Tallmadge found that personally taking the message to Washington was too time-consuming. So he sent messages after the first one to Washington by a dragoon, then by a relay of dragoons, acting as couriers.
264:
risk and was beginning to doubt
Hawkins's reliability and to regret the destroyed messages. Finally in September 1779, with Hawkins increasingly anxious, and more importantly, with Townsend refusing to deal with him any longer, Hawkins stopped his courier services for the Ring. Woodhull acted as courier on September 11 so he could explain to Townsend the loss of the earlier letters. Austin Roe then became the sole permanent courier for the Ring.
239:, who used the alias "Samuel Culper, Jr." to gather intelligence in New York City. Since Townsend was engaged in business there, his presence was expected to arouse less suspicion than Woodhull's visits would. He also had access to British officers through the authorship of a society column in a Loyalist newspaper and his tailoring business, as well as his interest in a coffeehouse with Loyalist newspaper owner
232:, who would take messages the 55 miles (89 km) between New York and Setauket to pass them to Brewster. Hawkins's task was to get the letters to Brewster who would pick up messages at Setauket and take them across the Sound to Tallmadge at Fairfield, Connecticut. Tallmadge would then forward the messages to Washington.
355:
204:, to Setuaket, New York where they would be forwarded to Tallmadge. Woodhull used the code name "Samuel Culper", later "Samuel Culper, Sr." to avoid detection if his letters were intercepted. Tallmadge was referred to by the alias "John Bolton." Woodhull made trips into New York, ostensibly to visit his sister,
251:. Woodhull would evaluate and comment on it and pass it to Brewster, who would take it across Long Island Sound, occasionally adding an intelligence note of his own, and pass it to Tallmadge. Tallmadge would usually add a cover letter with comments. According to widely accepted local and family tradition,
263:
Woodhull wrote in a coded message on August 15, 1779, that
Hawkins had to destroy a letter from Culper, Jr., or be captured. In his August 15 message, Woodhull wrote that Hawkins insisted that his next meeting with Townsend be in an out of the way location. Townsend did not like taking the additional
255:
signalled
Brewster, who ran frequent trips with his whaleboats across the Sound on smuggling and military missions, that a message was ready. She hung a black petticoat on her clothesline at Strong Point in Setauket, which was easily visible by Brewster from a boat in the Sound and by Woodhull from
246:
After
Townsend began his intelligence activities in New York City, Woodhull operated almost exclusively from Setauket. A revised communications network was then established in which Townsend would pass intelligence to a courier, at first Hawkins, then Hawkins and Roe, and after September 1779,
259:
Hawkins at first was bold but became increasingly anxious about
British patrols. His role was reduced between April 1779 when Woodhull identified both Hawkins and Roe as couriers for the Ring and July 1779 when Tallmadge gave Roe, but not Hawkins, a code number in his code directory.
991:
A Loan exhibition of paintings, sketches, manuscripts, memorabilia, Henry Smith Mount, A.N.A., 1802-1841, Shepard Alonzo Mount, N.A., 1804-1868, William Sidney Mount, N.A., 1807-1868: August 23 to
September 28, 1947, the Suffolk Museum at Stony Brook, Long Island, New
466:
A Loan exhibition of paintings, sketches, manuscripts, memorabilia, Henry Smith Mount, A.N.A., 1802-1841, Shepard Alonzo Mount, N.A., 1804-1868, William Sidney Mount, N.A., 1807-1868: August 23 to
September 28, 1947, the Suffolk Museum at Stony Brook, Long Island, New
227:
for secret military purposes, to take to
Tallmadge or to receive messages from Tallmdadge via Brewster. By December 1778, Tallmadge set up couriers, at first Jonas Hawkins, then in the early summer mainly
339:
308:
Hawkins's daughter Julia Ann Mount inherited house when he died in 1817 and moved there with her children, including later artists
William Sidney Mount, Shepard Alonzo Mount and Henry Smith Mount.
212:. Woodhull continued his visits to New York into the summer of 1779, although he became increasingly anxious that his continuing visits to New York City might lead to his discovery as time passed.
173:
Hawkins married Ruth Mills (1748–1840), a woman born 27 years after his mother who had the same maiden name. Their children were Micah, Julia Ann (m. Thomas Shepard Mount, mother of artist
373:
193:, on June 8, 1775, as did his father, Eleazar Hawkins, Sr. Jonas Hawkins was a courier for the Culper Ring during many of its early operations between December 1778 and the summer 1779.
1184:
948:
Jonas Hawkins's son Jonas was born December 29, 1783 so he could be the Jonas Hawkins referred to by Werner. Reference to the younger Jonas's birth date is at Werner, p. 92.
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regiment in Suffolk County, New York. By 1787, Hawkins was a major and Roe was a captain. Hawkins resigned from the militia in 1803.
995:. Henry Smith Mount, Suffolk Museum, Shepard Alonzo Mount, William Sidney Mount, Mary Bartlett Cowdrey publisher: The Museum, 1947.
470:. Henry Smith Mount, Suffolk Museum, Shepard Alonzo Mount, William Sidney Mount, Mary Bartlett Cowdrey publisher: The Museum, 1947.
1075:
Calendar of Historical Manuscripts, Relating to the War of the Revolution, in the Office of the Secretary of State, Albany, N.Y.
490:
Calendar of Historical Manuscripts, Relating to the War of the Revolution, in the Office of the Secretary of State, Albany, N.Y.
287:, from his father. By 1797, he operated a tavern and inn in the large structure, which also served as the local post office.
125:
294:
moved to Jonas Hawkins's house at Stony Brook on January 23, 1802, but soon moved again to Goldsmith Davis's house at
170:
Jonas Hawkins was a son of Eleazer Hawkins, Sr. (1716–91) and Ruth Mills Hawkins (1721–91), who were married in 1739.
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Compiled and edited by Hugh Hastings, State Historian. Volume I. Albany: James B. Lyon, State Printer, 1901. p. 84.
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Compiled and edited by Hugh Hastings, State Historian. Volume I. Albany: James B. Lyon, State Printer, 1901.
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The Codebreakers: The Comprehensive History of Secret Communication from Ancient Times to the Internet
516:
The Codebreakers: The Comprehensive History of Secret Communication from Ancient Times to the Internet
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924:. One Hundred and Twenty-third Annual Communication, May 1904. New York: J. Little Co., 1904. p. 143.
196:
In December 1778, General George Washington's chief of intelligence and Culper Ring spymaster, Major
174:
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On June 25, 1810, Jonas Hawkins, Benjamin F. Thompson and Charles H. Havens founded a branch of the
209:
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1109:. New York: Bantam Dell, a division of Random House, 2007. First published in hardcover in 2006.
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Kilmeade says that Hawkins destroyed Culper letters on two occasions for fear of being caught.
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1021:. One Hundred and Twenty-third Annual Communication, May 1904. New York: J. Little Co., 1904.
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Major Jonas Hawkins inherited the Hawkins-Mount Homestead in Stony Brook, later known as the
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400:. Volume 122. New York: New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, 1991. p. 33.
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exclusively Roe, who would take it to Setauket and pass it to Woodhull, usually via
1097:
Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State or New York, 1783–1821.
1018:
Proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the State of New York
921:
Proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the State of New York
863:
Military Minutes of the Council of Appointment of the State or New York, 1783–1821.
324:
1007:
754:
An Encyclopedia of American Women at War: From the Home Front to the Battlefields
442:
200:
recruited Hawkins to bring messages from the Ring's chief spy in New York City,
129:
109:
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George Washington's Secret Six: The Spy Ring That Save the American Revolution
1045:
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George Washington's Secret Six: The Spy Ring That Save the American Revolution
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1069:. Volume 122. New York: New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, 1991.
187:
Association to sustain the Continental Congress and the Provincial Convention
248:
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Women in Long Island's Past: A History of Eminent Ladies and Everyday Lives
777:
General Washington's Commando: Benjamin Tallmadge in the Revolutionary War
177:), Deborah, Ruth, Renelche, William Wickham, Jonathan, Jonas and Dorothy.
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Spies of Revolutionary Connecticut: From Benedict Arnold to Nathan Hale
277:
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Jonas Hawkins was the great grandson of Zachriah Hawkins, a founder of
144:
272:
In 1786, Hawkins was a captain, and his fellow Culper Ring courier,
1123:
AIA Architectural Guide to Nassau and Suffolk Counties, Long Island
898:
AIA Architectural Guide to Nassau and Suffolk Counties, Long Island
124:(August 28, 1752 – April 24, 1817) was an American
276:
was a lieutenant, in Lieutenant Colonel David Pierson's New York
215:
At first, Woodhull had to return to Setauket to pass messages to
311:
Jonas Hawkins died on April 24, 1817, at Mills Pond, New York.
1120:
Society for the Preservation of Long Island, ed. Antiquities.
895:
Society for the Preservation of Long Island, ed. Antiquities.
1078:. Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Company, Printers, 1868.
978:
AMC Picks Up ‘Halt & Catch Fire’ & ‘Turn’ To Series
960:
AMC Picks Up ‘Halt & Catch Fire’ & ‘Turn’ To Series
493:. Albany, NY: Weed, Parsons & Company, Printers, 1868.
223:
officer who spent most of his time operating whaleboats on
1107:
Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring
374:
Intelligence operations in the American Revolutionary War
340:
Washington's Spies: The Story of America's First Spy Ring
780:. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2014.
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1015:Freemasons. Grand Lodge of the State of New York.
918:Freemasons. Grand Lodge of the State of New York.
147:officer, tavern owner, innkeeper, and postmaster.
1066:The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record
397:The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record
319:The Culper Ring is depicted in the fictionalized
208:, who operated a boarding house with her husband
1092:Documents of the Senate of the State of New York
981:. Publisher: Deadline. Retrieved August 7, 2013.
963:. Publisher: Deadline. Retrieved August 7, 2013.
858:Documents of the Senate of the State of New York
1140:Historical Miscellanies Relating to Long Island
1063:New York Genealogical and Biographical Society
936:Historical Miscellanies Relating to Long Island
412:Historical Miscellanies Relating to Long Island
394:New York Genealogical and Biographical Society
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369:Intelligence in the American Revolutionary War
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167:were villages within the town of Brookhaven.
8:
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243:, who also was a secret member of the Ring.
698:. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2012.
675:. Charleston, SC: The History Press, 2014.
631:Spies, Wiretaps, and Secret Operations: A-J
595:Spies, Wiretaps, and Secret Operations: A-J
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16:American spy during the American Revolution
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447:. Volume 148. The Society, 1936. Page 177.
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323:American Revolutionary War spy thriller
432:Sometimes this name is spelled Eleaser.
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1030:. New York, Simon and Schuster, 1996.
1006:Daughters of the American Revolution.
519:. New York, Simon and Schuster, 1996.
441:Daughters of the American Revolution.
159:. Jonas Hawkins was born and lived in
757:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2013.
634:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011.
598:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2011.
7:
1143:. Long Island, Priv. Print., 1917.
1126:. Courier Dover Publications, 1992.
901:. Courier Dover Publications, 1992.
415:. Long Island, Priv. Print., 1917.
14:
1175:People from Stony Brook, New York
1052:. New York: Penguin Group, 2013.
829:. New York: Penguin Group, 2013.
1089:New York State. Hastings, Hugh.
1012:. Volume 148. The Society, 1936.
855:New York State. Hastings, Hugh.
730:. Toronto: Firefly Books, 2002.
353:
235:In June 1779, Woodhull engaged
1180:People from Setauket, New York
651:Rose, 2007, pp. 150–154.
1:
1072:New York State Department,
628:in Hastedt, Glenn, P., ed.
592:in Hastedt, Glenn, P., ed.
487:New York State Department,
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285:William Sidney Mount House
141:American Revolutionary War
986:The Hawkins-Mount Family.
751:In Frank, Lisa Tendrich.
461:The Hawkins-Mount Family.
290:The Suffolk Lodge of the
185:Jonas Hawkins signed the
143:, Hawkins was a New York
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984:Cowdrey, Mary Bartlett.
459:Cowdrey, Mary Bartlett.
330:Turn: Washington's Spies
191:Suffolk County, New York
1137:Werner, Charles Jolly.
883:Hastings, 1901, p. 677.
874:Hastings, 1901, p. 120.
846:Kilmeade, 2013, P. 100.
548:Rose, 2007, pp. 88, 90.
409:Werner, Charles Jolly.
298:, on August 20, 1802.
161:Stony Brook, New York
43:Stony Brook, New York
715:Hunter, 2013, p. 42.
624:Nelson, David Paul.
588:Nelson, David Paul.
175:William Sidney Mount
157:Brookhaven, New York
128:and a member of the
61:Mills Pond, New York
808:Rose, 2007, p. 172.
692:Naylor, Natalie A.
669:Baker, Mark Allen.
660:Rose, 2007, p. 103.
615:Rose, 2007, p. 132.
572:Rose, 2007, p. 102.
560:Rose, 2007, p. 101.
337:'s historical book
181:American Revolution
134:American Revolution
975:Andreeva, Nellie.
957:Andreeva, Nellie.
774:Welch, Richard F.
539:Rose, 2007, p. 75.
315:In popular culture
198:Benjamin Tallmadge
163:. Stony Brook and
92:Espionage activity
1132:978-0-486-26946-7
1115:978-0-553-38329-4
1058:978-1-59523-103-1
1036:978-1-4391-0355-5
907:978-0-486-26946-7
835:978-1-59523-103-1
786:978-0-7864-7963-4
763:978-1-59884-444-3
736:978-1-55297-564-0
704:978-1-60949-499-5
681:978-1-62619-407-6
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604:978-1-85109-807-1
525:978-1-4391-0355-5
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1170:1817 deaths
1165:1752 births
590:Culper Ring
333:, based on
253:Anna Strong
151:Family life
132:during the
110:Culper Ring
68:Occupations
1190:Innkeepers
1159:Categories
1046:Don Yaeger
970:References
823:Don Yaeger
292:Freemasons
274:Austin Roe
230:Austin Roe
139:After the
106:Operations
98:Allegiance
83:postmaster
35:1752-08-28
909:. p. 183.
837:. p. 100.
765:. p. 172.
642:. p. 763.
606:. p. 217.
527:. p. 179.
501:. p. 53.
268:Aftermath
249:dead drop
80:innkeeper
1001:12135189
933:Werner,
788:. p. 37.
738:. p. 21.
706:. p. 38.
683:. p. 124
478:. p. 24.
476:12135189
423:. p. 29.
347:See also
343:(2007).
327:series,
165:Setauket
1149:6462704
1084:4421917
499:4421917
421:6462704
278:militia
145:militia
126:Patriot
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380:Notes
1145:OCLC
1128:ISBN
1111:ISBN
1080:OCLC
1054:ISBN
1044:and
1032:ISBN
997:OCLC
992:York
903:ISBN
831:ISBN
821:and
782:ISBN
759:ISBN
732:ISBN
700:ISBN
677:ISBN
636:ISBN
600:ISBN
521:ISBN
495:OCLC
472:OCLC
467:York
417:OCLC
219:, a
50:Died
29:Born
988:In
463:In
321:AMC
74:spy
1161::
1105:.
1048:.
888:^
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506:^
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37:)
33:(
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