298:, Estephan, like its predecessor, the congregation approved of Hindiyya. But slander against religious ended up falling back also on the patriarch. Jesuits, bishops and monks became more and more mistrustful of her doctrine and personal cult, and finally obtained from Rome an inspection entrusted to the Franciscan Valeriano of Prato in 1773, which followed another in 1775, entrusted to the Franciscan Pietro Craveri of Moretta (1726–1801). Following the advice of two papal legates, on July 17, 1779
257:, in order to apply the reform of the discipline of the church established by the Maronite Synod of 1736. He shared his plans with the pope, who replied on August 2, 1767 by approving his initiative. Estephan prepared the synod which was held between 16 and 21 September 1768 in the presence of the Apostolic Delegate, the Franciscan Luigi from Bastia,
290:, bishops and monks, who began against him a smear campaign and discredit. In 1771 seven Maronite bishops and some family members El Khazen wrote to the pope complaining about the attitudes of the patriarch. In particular the patriarch was criticized for entertaining suspicious relationships with religious, mystical and visionaries as
314:. In the meantime Michel Khazen summoned a synod, on July 21, 1780 in which he did not even invite Estephan and in the presence of the apostolic delegate Moretta, celebrated a synod to restore peace in the Maronite country. This situation lasted till the young secretary of Pietro Craveri of Moretta,
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His uncle, John
Estephan, participated in the 1736 Council of Mount-Lebanon and in 1742 became bishop of Beirut. In 1754 John Estephan retired in order to let his nephew, Joseph, be appointed bishop of the same town. Joseph Estephan became bishop in 1754 and remained bishop of Beirut till 1762, when
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issued a decree stating that
Hindiyya was deluded and her revelations and doctrines false. Also he decreed the suppression of the Congregation of the Sacred Heart; and Hindiyya al-'Ujaimi, accused of imaginary visions, was forced to retire to a convent retracting all his alleged revelations.
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Iuris pontificii de propaganda fide. : Pars prima, complectens bullas, brevia acta S.S. a
Congregationis institutione ad praesens [i.e. 1878 et pars secunda, complectens decreta, instructiones, encyclicas literas, etc. ab eadem Congregatione
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Restored as
Patriarch, Joseph Estephan summoned other two synods, the first on September 6–11, 1786 at 'Ain-Caqiq, which was not approved by Rome, and the second, approved, at
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Moreover, the Pope suspended Joseph
Estephan from all functions (apart from episcopal appointments and consecrations) and ordering him to go to Rome to explain his attitudes.
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arrangement of dioceses decided by Tobias, and also because he was accused of being ordained bishop at 23 years, not 25 years as Joseph
Estephan always claimed.
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The new patriarch placed his residence in the monastery of St. Joseph al-Hosn of Ghosta. Among his first acts, there was a celebration of a synod of the
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These initiatives of the
Youssef Estephan and his desire to reform church discipline rose up against him a vigorous opposition, particularly among the
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In addition to better defend the interests of the
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At the same time
Estephan appointed a patriarchal vicar in the person of Michel El Khazen as Vicar.
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Histoire des conciles d'après les documents originaux, Tome XI Conciles des
Orientaux Catholiques
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Joseph Estephan, hearing the news, tried to travel to Rome, but his health forced him to stop at
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Michel Khazen was consecrated bishop of Caesarea on Nov 15, 1767 by Estephan, and died in 1786.
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where he remained from 1739 to 1751. Returning to Lebanon on May 21, 1752 he was ordained as a
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After Tobias' death, Joseph Estephan was elected patriarch on June 9, 1766, and confirmed by
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510:. Harvard University. Romae : Ex Typographia Polyglotta S.C. de Propaganda Fide.
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by his uncle, bishop John Estephan, and in August 1754 he was consecrated bishop of
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Notables and Clergy in Mount Lebanon: the Khazin Sheiks and the Maronite Church
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Histoire des Maronites: L'église maronite du XVIe siècle à nos jours, Volume 3
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333:. He died on April 22, 1793, in the monastery of Ghosta, where he was buried.
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from 1766 until his death in 1793 with the name of Joseph VI Estephan.
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https://archive.org/stream/hierarchiacathol06eubeuoft#page/87/mode/1up
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https://archive.org/stream/serieschronologi00asseuoft#page/40/mode/2up
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https://archive.org/stream/dictionnairedet10pt1vaca#page/n53/mode/2up
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Bullarium pontificium sacrae congregationis de propaganda fide
552:, Tome Dixième, première partie, Paris 1928, coll. 91-100.
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Geschichte der christlichen arabischen Literatur, Volume 3
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Religious, cultural and political history of the Maronites
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Joseph Estephan was born in the village of Ghosta, in the
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Catholic Church. Congregatio de Propaganda Fide (1888).
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Fide, Catholic Church Congregatio de Propaganda (1841).
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http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bestepj.html
283:, Sheikh Sa'd El Ghandour Khoury, consul in Beirut.
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http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/beir3.htm
422:. Vol. 1. Paris: Letouzey et Ané. p. 279.
407:. Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. pp. 459–460.
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16:Head of the Maronite Church from 1766 to 1793
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595:18th-century people from the Ottoman Empire
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151:April 22, 1793 (aged 63–64)
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215:in 1729. He studied in Rome in the
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548:Pierre Dib, v. Maronite (Eglise),
478:(in Latin). Typis Collegii Urbani.
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615:Maronites from the Ottoman Empire
403:(1960). "107. Joseph Stephan".
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620:Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch
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610:Bishops in the Ottoman Empire
562:, Rome 1881, pp. 40–41.
372:. Lebanon. pp. 564–569.
235:he quarreled with Patriarch
418:de Clercq, Charles (1949).
343:List of Maronite Patriarchs
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436:Leeuwen, Richard (1994).
217:College of the Propaganda
172:– died on 22 April 1793,
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575:, catholic-hierarchy.org
556:Giuseppe Simone Assemani
259:Custody of the Holy Land
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521:Dib, Pierre (2001).
366:Dau, Butros (1984).
197:Patriarch of Antioch
61:Patriarch of Antioch
32:Patriarch of Antioch
25:(يوسف السادس اسطفان)
292:Hindiyya al-'Ujaimi
23:Joseph VI Estephan
250:on April 6, 1767.
190:يوسف السادس اسطفان
166:Joseph VI Estephan
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316:Joseph Tyan
310:convent of
241:uncanonical
83:Predecessor
589:Categories
229:Simon Awad
119:Simon Awad
75:Term ended
507:lata]
378:cite book
308:Carmelite
281:Louis XVI
93:Successor
337:See also
331:seminary
194:Maronite
117:by
288:Jesuits
213:Lebanon
182:Stephan
158:Lebanon
141:Lebanon
67:Elected
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323:Bkerke
263:tithes
225:Beirut
221:priest
186:Arabic
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154:Ghosta
137:Ghosta
113:Bishop
103:Orders
47:Church
354:Notes
527:ISBN
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203:Life
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133:1729
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