369:. Blackburne was also comfortably beaten in 1881 by Zukertort (+2−7=5), who was in great form at the time; and Zukertort's health and play were declining rapidly when Blackburne beat him in 1887 (+5−1=7). On the other hand, against Gunsberg, Blackburne won his 1881 match (+7−4=3) and lost his 1887 match (+2−5=6); the 1887 match was Gunsberg's strongest performance, and Gunsberg only narrowly lost a world title match against Steinitz in 1890 (+6−4=9).
639:
632:
569:
555:
548:
478:
471:
450:
646:
457:
660:
653:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
576:
562:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
506:
499:
492:
485:
464:
443:
437:
189:
2267:
2219:
327:
118:
player. Nicknamed "The Black Death", he dominated the
British scene during the latter part of the 19th century. Blackburne learned the game at the relatively late age of 17 or 18, but he quickly became a strong player and went on to develop a professional chess career that spanned over 50 years.
2271:
2223:
837:
It is estimated that
Blackburne played 100,000 games in his career, more than any other professional chess-player. However, he still had time to marry three times and with his second wife, Beatrice Lapham, he had a son, Julius, and with his third wife Mary Goodway (née Fox) another son, Frederick.
805:
all over
Britain, and for most of his career made most of his income from these exhibitions, including blindfold displays against up to twelve opponents simultaneously. He even travelled to Australia in 1885 to give exhibitions; on his arrival in Melbourne he was fined five pounds for assaulting a
364:
Blackburne's match results are weaker. He was twice soundly beat by
Steinitz, in 1862/3 (+1−7=2) and 1876 (+0−7=0); but in 1862 Blackburne had been playing chess for barely 3 years, and in 1876 Steinitz was playing at his life-time best and in the middle of a 24-game winning streak. Emanuel Lasker
266:
were clearly better players; and he remained in the top 20 until 1902, when he was 61 years old. His best results were in international tournaments. Although tournaments were much less frequent then than they are now, Blackburne played in nearly one strong tournament per year from 1870 to 1899; in
1575:
Behind Em. Lasker, Janowski, Maroczy, Pillsbury and
Schlechter; ahead of Chigorin, Showalter, Mason, W. Cohn, Steinitz, Lee, Bird, Tinsley and Teichmann (who withdrew after 4 games due to illness). Blackburne, as Black, beat Lasker; this was the first time a British player had defeated a reigning
360:
concludes that
Blackburne's best performances, taking account of the strength of his opponents, were his second places at Frankfurt 1887 (behind Mackenzie) and London 1892 (behind Emanuel Lasker). At London 1892 he finished only ½ point behind Emanuel Lasker and 2 points ahead of the third-placed
809:
The
Teesside Chess Association (formed in 1883; now called the Cleveland Chess Association) invited world-class players to give exhibitions, in order to raise money for the Association. Blackburne's fee for two simultaneous displays and a blindfold event in 1889 was 9
279:" (Steinitz won the play-off); 1st in London 1876 with a score of 10/11, ahead of Zukertort; and 1st in Berlin 1881, 3 points ahead of Zukertort. He also achieved 2nd place in: a strong mini-tournament in London 1872 (behind Steinitz but ahead of Zukertort),
912:
33:
353:
1896; but both of these tournaments included Lasker and most of the other top players of the new generation; and in both of these he finished ahead of several of the new stars and ahead of the few competing players of his own generation.
829:
In addition he played (mostly on top board) for the
British team in 11 of the Anglo-American cable matches which commenced in 1896 and in the first six matches he recorded a score of 3½–2½ against the top American,
376:
times – £60 in 1876 would be roughly equivalent to £29,000 in 2006's money. This was the first time that spectators were charged an entrance fee (half a guinea, = 52.5p in decimal terms) to see a chess match.
2217:
This is as a percentage of average earnings, which are the best measure for the results of several days' hard work. If we use average prices as the conversion factor, the 2006 value is about £3,900 –
165:
in 1861. In July 1861 he lost 5–0 in a match with
Manchester's strongest player, Eduard Pindar (and champion of the Provinces), but in August/September, Blackburne defeated Pindar (five wins, two
892:, but ill health prevented him from contesting the play-off for the title. This was Blackburne's last major tournament. However, in 1921 Blackburne was still giving simultaneous exhibitions.
944:
A new book about him was published by McFarland in August 2015. It contains over a thousand of his games and more than 50 problems with a detailed account of his life, family, and career.
2477:
180:
gave a simultaneous blindfold exhibition in
Manchester, beating Blackburne among others; Blackburne was soon thereafter playing chess blindfolded with three players simultaneously.
2517:
372:
The 1876 match against Steinitz was held at the West-end Chess Club in London. The stakes were £60 a side with the winner taking all. This was a considerable sum of money in
361:
player, Mason. Emanuel Lasker thought that Blackburne had more talent than Steinitz, but lacked the willpower and capacity for hard work needed for becoming world champion.
941:, which he published in 1899, has been recently reprinted by Moravian Chess. It contains over 400 of his games, around 20 problems composed by him, and a short biography.
1369:
Behind Chigorin, Weiss and Gunsberg; ahead of Burn and 15 others. This tournament was extremely strong, as it was designed to select a challenger for Steinitz' title.
2507:
888:
at the great St. Petersburg 1914 tournament, but failed to qualify for the final stage. That same year he tied for first place in the British championship with
923:
because of his wide-open and highly tactical style of play. His large black beard and aggressive style earned him the nickname of "der Schwarze Tod" ("the
341:
In the mid to late 1890s Blackburne's was less successful in tournaments, but by this time he was competing against the next generation of players,
2471:
876:
in December 1906 and December 1907, and annotated numerous games for chess magazines, but he was never a chess correspondent for any publication.
271:, which was an open tournament. In the 1870s and 1880s he was almost always a high prize-winner. His best results were 1st equal with Steinitz at
2293:
2381:
2315:
1449:
346:
119:
At one point he was one of the world's leading players, with a string of tournament victories behind him, and popularised chess by giving
2185:
2168:
2154:
2055:
2512:
935:
ability which enabled him to win many brilliancy prizes. He was also widely known for his popular simultaneous and blindfold displays.
2336:
220:. This trip cost Blackburne his job back in Manchester (accounts vary about what it was), and he became a professional chess player.
2419:
228:
931:, he was ranked second in the world at various times between 1873 and 1889. He was especially strong at endgames and had a great
900:
1527:
Behind Charousek and Walbrodt; ahead of Janowski, Burn, Alapin, Marco, Schlechter, Caro, Chigorin, Schiffers, Metger, Winawer,
2502:
1687:
1470:
889:
2100:
1849:
1657:
1469:, von Bardeleben, Teichmann and Schlechter; ahead of Walbrodt, Burn, Janowski, Mason, Bird, Gunsberg, Adolf Albin, Marco,
972:
366:
320:
272:
201:
2220:"Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1830–2006: 2006 equivalent of £60 guineas in 1876"
2268:"Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1830–2006: 2006 equivalent of 9 guineas in 1889"
212:
in their individual game, although Blackburne finished in 9th place. Up to that point, timekeeping was measured with
1649:
1218:
1057:
842:
763:
388:
292:
849:) has been named for Blackburne because he purportedly used it to win quickly against amateurs, thus winning the
819:
268:
1660:. At 3.5/10, Blackburne had the 4th-5th best score of the 6 players who did not qualify for the finals – behind
227:, and he was therefore regarded as England's best player. His first major international success was in a strong
2432:
2393:
2331:
2032:
1042:
959:, who was no friend of Blackburne, wrote, "White's design ...belongs to the finest efforts of chess genius ..."
846:
779:
775:
771:
280:
1883:
1046:
802:
224:
1997:
1154:; Blackburne scored 10/11; this was just a month after Steinitz had whitewashed Blackburne 7–0 in a match.
927:", based on the plague of the same name) after his performance in the 1873 Vienna tournament. According to
319:, Tarrasch and several others). His worst result from this 20-year period was 6th place in the very strong
162:
1672:; tied with Janowski; and ahead of Gunsberg. Won a Special Brilliancy Prize for his win over Nimzowitsch.
1458:
1222:
1098:
308:
252:
205:
2127:
896:
811:
2497:
2492:
2200:
1648:
Blackburne did not qualify for the 5-player final stage, in which the placings were: 1 Em. Lasker; 2
1427:
1318:
334:
2297:
1532:
1960:
1350:
1290:
932:
316:
258:
Blackburne was regularly one of the world's top five players from 1871 to 1889, although Steinitz,
2119:
1783:
1653:
1558:
1151:
263:
120:
1498:
1549:
Behind Tarrasch, Pillsbury, Janowski, Steinitz, Schlechter, Chigorin, Burn, Lipke, Maroczy and
2415:
2377:
2311:
1506:
1478:
1466:
1423:
1346:
1262:
1243:
1183:
296:
288:
1875:
In 1890 Gunsberg gave Steinitz a good fight in a world title match (Steinitz won by +6−4=9).
1735:
1669:
1665:
1502:
1239:
1094:
1038:
956:
885:
248:
240:
209:
193:
170:
2340:
2140:
1808:
1661:
1439:
1334:
1330:
1270:
1082:
1013:
831:
798:
304:
236:
124:
2204:
2462:
2466:
1935:
1640:
1474:
1462:
1431:
1326:
1314:
1090:
1034:
968:
962:
953:
920:
787:
342:
330:
259:
232:
2253:
1501:, Pillsbury, Tarrasch, Janowski, Steinitz, Walbrodt, Schiffers and Chigorin; ahead of
884:
In 1914, at the age of 72, Blackburne won a Special Brilliancy Prize for his win over
223:
In the 1868–'69 season he won the British championship by beating the current holder,
127:
displays around the country. Blackburne also published a collection of his own games.
2486:
1510:
1361:
1342:
1338:
1322:
1187:
1086:
373:
244:
177:
169:, one loss). By the next year, Blackburne became champion of the city club, ahead of
783:
1554:
1550:
1528:
928:
823:
357:
217:
176:
Blackburne's introduction to blindfold chess was a little later. In November 1861,
166:
911:
826:
two and lost only one; in the blindfold he won seven and drew one with no losses.
2104:
1435:
1133:
1073:
924:
365:
beat Blackburne in 1892, but Lasker also beat Steinitz very decisively in their
276:
213:
200:
Less than three years after learning the moves to chess, Blackburne entered the
188:
144:
32:
1419:
1377:
136:
53:
1489:
1310:
1281:
1266:
350:
312:
300:
1065:
Beat De Vere in a play-off following tie. (Tournament began in late 1868.)
2310:
Tim Harding, Eminent Victorian Chess Players (McFarland 2012) pp. 206-208
2376:
Tim Harding, Joseph Henry Blackburne: A Chess Biography (McFarland 2015)
2365:
The Grand International Masters' Chess Tournament at St. Petersburg, 1914
2205:"Dickens's Dictionary of London, by Charles Dickens, Jr., 1879 – CHA-CHR"
850:
815:
345:
and Lasker's major rivals. Blackburne's worst results were 10th place at
140:
2244:
Tim Harding, Joseph Henry Blackburne: A Chess Biography (McFarland 2015)
797:
After losing his job and discovering that he had a special aptitude for
1410:
1393:
1301:
1253:
284:
954:
Joseph Henry Blackburne vs. Jacques Schwarz, DSB Kongress, Berlin 1881
853:
wagered on the game. The opening is mentioned by Steinitz in his book
323:, the one occasion on which all his major rivals placed ahead of him.
2327:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2050:
2048:
2046:
1916:
1891:
1122:
1024:
2436:
2397:
2036:
1690:; this was Blackburne's last international tournament; he was 72.
910:
326:
325:
187:
115:
969:
Emanuel Lasker vs. Joseph Henry Blackburne, London (England) 1899
1293:, Tarrasch and several others; Zukertort could only finish 14=.
2069:
2067:
2065:
1848:
Zukertort's health and play declined rapidly after he lost the
2180:
2178:
1535:, Teichmann, Englisch, Adolf Zinkl, Albin and von Bardeleben.
147:'s exploits around Europe, and he switched to playing chess:
1114:
Behind Steinitz; ahead of Zukertort, MacDonnell and De Vere
822:
to play him blindfold. In the simultaneous games he won 29,
1553:; ahead of Schiffers, Marco, Showalter, Walbrodt, Halprin,
1130:
Tied with Steinitz, who won both games of the playoff match
963:
Joseph Henry Blackburne vs. Samuel Lipschutz, New York 1889
2360:
2358:
899:
on 1 September 1924 at the age of 82. He is buried in the
337:, dominated the second half of Blackburne's playing career
143:
as a child, but when he was aged 17 or 18, he heard about
2101:"Major Chess Matches and Tournaments of the 19th century"
1752:
Only two years after Blackburne started playing chess.
814:(about £4,600 at 2006 values). Players paid the club a
2198:
The development of London chess clubs is described at
1705:
Under score, + games won, = games drawn, − games lost
1242:, Englisch, Mackenzie, Mason, Rosenthal, Winawer and
965:
A series of sacrifices demolishes the Black defenses.
2478:
Download all games (900+) of Joseph Henry blackburne
2027:
2025:
1385:
Behind Tarrasch; ahead of Mackenzie, Bird and Mason
114:(10 December 1841 – 1 September 1924) was a British
2118:Wilson, Fred (1981). "A picture history of Chess".
1723:
275:, where the commentators nicknamed Blackburne "the
101:
93:
85:
77:
61:
39:
23:
2330:; not specified whether it has been translated to
2169:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Johannes Zukertort"
2009:
2007:
2056:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Joseph Blackburne"
397:
2155:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Wilhelm Steinitz"
149:
2186:"Chessmetrics Player Profile: Isidor Gunsberg"
2078:. André Deutsch (now as paperback from Dover).
971:Blackburne, 58 years old and playing with the
315:1887 (with Weiss; behind Mackenzie; ahead of
8:
1132:This is where Blackburne was nicknamed "the
895:In 1922 his wife died. Blackburne died of a
2518:Burials at Brockley and Ladywell Cemeteries
872:Blackburne wrote two articles on chess for
1708:
1701:Here are Blackburne's results in matches:
986:
31:
20:
208:or all-play-all tournament) and defeated
139:in December 1841. He learned how to play
2474:download 117 of his games in pgn format.
1321:, Gunsberg, and Louis Paulsen. Ahead of
1238:Behind Zukertort and Steinitz; ahead of
801:, Blackburne began giving blindfold and
267:particular he competed regularly in the
1989:
1726:
1720:
1289:With Weiss; behind Mackenzie; ahead of
998:
782:loses to 5...Qxg2 6.Rf1 Qxe4+ 7.Be2 Nf3
638:
631:
568:
554:
547:
477:
470:
449:
2136:
2125:
645:
456:
311:and five others); shared 2nd place at
216:, and it was Blackburne who suggested
196:dominated chess in the 1870s and 1880s
2265:Conversion based on average incomes:
2256:, Geelong Advertiser, 13 January 1885
659:
652:
624:
617:
610:
603:
596:
589:
582:
575:
561:
540:
533:
526:
519:
512:
505:
498:
491:
484:
463:
442:
433:
7:
2508:Game players from Greater Manchester
202:1862 London International Tournament
135:Joseph Henry Blackburne was born in
1273:; ahead of Mackenzie and 5 others.
1016:won; Blackburne shared last place.
975:, beat the reigning world champion.
2254:Melbourne (from our correspondent)
1203:3 points ahead of Zukertort (2nd)
774:, Black wins material with 4...Qg5
766:after 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nd4
14:
2367:, David McKay, c. 1915, pp. 2, 4.
2337:"Mr. Blackburne's Games at Chess"
283:and De Vere; shared 2nd place at
231:, where he shared 3rd place with
229:tournament at Baden-Baden in 1870
173:(who taught him endgame theory).
901:Brockley and Ladywell Cemeteries
869:, edited by P. Anderson Graham.
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
539:
532:
525:
518:
511:
504:
497:
490:
483:
476:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
435:
151:I learnt the game in, say, 1859.
16:British chess player (1841–1924)
1584:Hastings (British Championship)
1007:London International Tournament
939:Mr. Blackburne's Games at Chess
867:Mr. Blackburne's Games at Chess
243:but ahead of Paulsen, De Vere,
2412:Chess Results, 1747–1900
2394:"St. Petersburg 1909 and 1914"
841:The dubious chess opening the
806:fellow passenger on the ship.
1:
2076:The World's Great Chess Games
2016:The Oxford Companion to Chess
1309:With Mason; behind Tarrasch,
1168:Behind Winawer and Zukertort
818:for a simultaneous game or a
262:and, during his brief prime,
2465:player profile and games at
845:(1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nd4
321:Vienna 1882 chess tournament
2414:, McFarland, 2004, p. 118.
2014:Hooper & Whyld (1996).
1513:, Schallopp and Teichmann.
1085:and Steinitz; but ahead of
855:The Modern Chess Instructor
381:Exhibitions and other games
2534:
2513:19th-century chess players
2018:. Oxford University Press.
1951:
1926:
1901:
1874:
1847:
1774:
1751:
1685:
1679:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1625:
1617:
1611:
1603:
1597:
1589:
1583:
1574:
1568:
1548:
1542:
1526:
1520:
1496:
1488:
1456:
1448:
1417:
1409:
1401:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1360:
1308:
1300:
1288:
1280:
1260:
1252:
1237:
1231:
1217:Behind Steinitz, Winawer,
1216:
1210:
1202:
1196:
1181:
1175:
1167:
1161:
1149:
1143:
1129:
1121:
1113:
1107:
1081:Tied with Neumann; behind
1080:
1072:
1064:
1058:British Chess Championship
1055:
1032:
1023:
1012:
1006:
843:Blackburne Shilling Gambit
764:Blackburne Shilling Gambit
384:
333:, Steinitz's successor as
192:Blackburne's contemporary
1505:, Marco, Albin, Winawer,
919:Blackburne is an icon of
269:German Chess Championship
204:(the world's first chess
30:
2433:"New York 1889 and 1924"
2332:algebraic chess notation
1396:International Tournament
1043:George Alcock MacDonnell
1027:International Tournament
803:simultaneous exhibitions
770:After the natural 4.Nxe5
391:to describe chess moves.
281:George Alcock MacDonnell
2463:Joseph Henry Blackburne
2449:Di Felice 2004, p. 175.
1850:1886 World Championship
1402:equal first with Mason
1047:Cecil Valentine De Vere
367:1894 championship match
225:Cecil Valentine De Vere
112:Joseph Henry Blackburne
25:Joseph Henry Blackburne
2135:Cite journal requires
1680:(British Championship)
1626:(British Championship)
1612:(British Championship)
1598:(British Championship)
1465:, Tarrasch, Steinitz,
1459:Harry Nelson Pillsbury
1265:, Mason, Englisch and
1223:George Henry Mackenzie
1099:Johannes von Minckwitz
916:
778:Now the obvious 5.Nxf7
338:
309:George Henry Mackenzie
253:Johannes von Minckwitz
197:
161:Blackburne joined the
159:
2503:English chess players
2107:on 26 September 2007.
915:Blackburne circa 1890
914:
865:In 1899 he published
329:
191:
163:Manchester Chess Club
2300:on 17 December 2008.
2294:"History of the CCA"
2201:Charles Dickens, Jr.
1884:Celso Golmayo Zúpide
1650:José Raúl Capablanca
1428:Carl August Walbrodt
874:The Strand Magazine,
335:World Chess Champion
2472:Joseph H Blackburne
2274:on 16 December 2008
2039:on 26 October 2008.
1998:"Chess and alcohol"
1961:Curt von Bardeleben
1852:match to Steinitz.
1497:Behind Em. Lasker,
1351:George H. D. Gossip
1291:Curt von Bardeleben
317:Curt von Bardeleben
2226:on 7 February 2012
2120:Dover Publications
2033:"Baden-Baden 1870"
1784:Johannes Zukertort
1654:Alexander Alekhine
1559:David Graham Baird
1317:, von Bardeleben,
1152:Johannes Zukertort
980:Tournament results
917:
389:algebraic notation
387:This section uses
339:
264:Johannes Zukertort
198:
2382:978-0-7864-7473-8
2316:978-0-7864-6568-2
2074:Fine, R. (1952).
1981:
1980:
1694:
1693:
1507:Jackson Showalter
1479:Beniamino Vergani
1467:Emanuel Schiffers
1424:Richard Teichmann
1418:Behind Tarrasch,
1347:Emanuel Schiffers
1337:, von Minckwitz,
1263:Siegbert Tarrasch
1244:Henry Edward Bird
1184:Berthold Englisch
757:
756:
349:1895 and 11th at
297:Berthold Englisch
289:Siegbert Tarrasch
184:Competitive chess
109:
108:
102:Years active
89:"The Black Death"
2525:
2450:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2439:on 19 June 2008.
2435:. Archived from
2429:
2423:
2410:Gino Di Felice,
2408:
2402:
2401:
2400:on 18 June 2008.
2396:. Archived from
2390:
2384:
2374:
2368:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2343:on 13 April 2008
2339:. Archived from
2326:Available as an
2324:
2318:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2296:. Archived from
2290:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2270:. Archived from
2263:
2257:
2251:
2245:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2222:. Archived from
2215:
2209:
2208:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2138:
2133:
2131:
2123:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2103:. Archived from
2097:
2080:
2079:
2071:
2060:
2059:
2052:
2041:
2040:
2035:. Archived from
2029:
2020:
2019:
2011:
2002:
2001:
1994:
1760:Wilhelm Steinitz
1736:Wilhelm Steinitz
1709:
1670:Aron Nimzowitsch
1666:Akiba Rubinstein
1656:; 4 Tarrasch; 5
1576:world champion.
1503:Rudolf Charousek
1240:Mikhail Chigorin
1221:, Zukertort and
1095:Samuel Rosenthal
1039:Wilhelm Steinitz
987:
957:Wilhelm Steinitz
886:Aron Nimzowitsch
662:
661:
655:
654:
648:
647:
641:
640:
634:
633:
627:
626:
620:
619:
613:
612:
606:
605:
599:
598:
592:
591:
585:
584:
578:
577:
571:
570:
564:
563:
557:
556:
550:
549:
543:
542:
536:
535:
529:
528:
522:
521:
515:
514:
508:
507:
501:
500:
494:
493:
487:
486:
480:
479:
473:
472:
466:
465:
459:
458:
452:
451:
445:
444:
439:
438:
398:
249:Samuel Rosenthal
241:Wilhelm Steinitz
210:Wilhelm Steinitz
194:Wilhelm Steinitz
171:Bernhard Horwitz
157:
86:Other names
68:
65:1 September 1924
50:10 December 1841
49:
47:
35:
21:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2483:
2482:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2448:
2444:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2409:
2405:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2356:
2346:
2344:
2335:
2325:
2321:
2309:
2305:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2277:
2275:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2239:
2229:
2227:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2134:
2124:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2099:
2098:
2083:
2073:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2053:
2044:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2013:
2012:
2005:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1809:Isidor Gunsberg
1699:
1688:Frederick Yates
1662:Ossip Bernstein
1561:and Trenchard.
1471:William Pollock
1440:Carl Schlechter
1335:Alexander Fritz
1331:Johannes Metger
1271:Isidor Gunsberg
1131:
1083:Adolf Anderssen
1014:Adolf Anderssen
982:
950:
909:
890:Frederick Yates
882:
863:
832:Harry Pillsbury
799:blindfold chess
795:
794:
793:
792:
791:
768:
767:
664:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
593:
586:
579:
572:
565:
558:
551:
544:
537:
530:
523:
516:
509:
502:
495:
488:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
436:
394:
393:
392:
383:
305:Isidor Gunsberg
237:Adolf Anderssen
186:
158:
155:
133:
73:
72:London, England
70:
66:
57:
51:
45:
43:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2531:
2529:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2467:Chessgames.com
2458:
2457:External links
2455:
2452:
2451:
2442:
2424:
2403:
2385:
2369:
2354:
2319:
2303:
2285:
2258:
2246:
2237:
2210:
2191:
2174:
2160:
2146:
2137:|journal=
2110:
2081:
2061:
2042:
2021:
2003:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1936:Emanuel Lasker
1933:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1889:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1854:
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1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1820:
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1806:
1802:
1801:
1798:
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1792:
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1786:
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1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1753:
1750:
1747:
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1741:
1738:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1698:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1673:
1658:Frank Marshall
1646:
1643:
1641:St. Petersburg
1638:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1563:
1562:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1533:Hugo Suechting
1525:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1495:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1475:Samuel Tinsley
1463:Emanuel Lasker
1455:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1442:
1432:Dawid Janowski
1416:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1327:Emil Schallopp
1315:Jacques Mieses
1307:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1128:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1091:Szymon Winawer
1079:
1076:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1035:Gustav Neumann
1031:
1028:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
981:
978:
977:
976:
966:
960:
949:
946:
921:Romantic chess
908:
905:
881:
878:
862:
859:
788:smothered mate
769:
761:
760:
759:
758:
755:
754:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
724:
721:
717:
716:
713:
709:
708:
705:
701:
700:
697:
693:
692:
689:
685:
684:
681:
677:
676:
673:
669:
668:
665:
657:
650:
643:
636:
629:
622:
615:
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
552:
545:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
503:
496:
489:
482:
475:
468:
461:
454:
447:
440:
434:
432:
428:
427:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
396:
395:
386:
385:
382:
379:
343:Emanuel Lasker
331:Emanuel Lasker
260:Emanuel Lasker
233:Gustav Neumann
185:
182:
153:
132:
129:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
71:
69:(aged 82)
63:
59:
58:
52:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2530:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2446:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2420:0-7864-2041-3
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2359:
2355:
2342:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2273:
2269:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2250:
2247:
2241:
2238:
2225:
2221:
2214:
2211:
2206:
2202:
2195:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2142:
2129:
2121:
2114:
2111:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1993:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1778:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1697:Match results
1696:
1689:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1644:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1614:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1523:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1511:Moritz Porges
1508:
1504:
1500:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1438:, Mieses and
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1398:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1363:
1362:New York City
1357:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1343:Max Harmonist
1340:
1339:Semyon Alapin
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1323:Johann Berger
1320:
1316:
1312:
1305:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1285:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1257:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:Adolf Schwarz
1185:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1126:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1087:Louis Paulsen
1084:
1077:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1059:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1009:
1003:
1002:
995:
992:
989:
988:
985:
979:
974:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
951:
948:Notable games
947:
945:
942:
940:
936:
934:
930:
926:
922:
913:
906:
904:
903:in Lewisham.
902:
898:
893:
891:
887:
879:
877:
875:
870:
868:
860:
858:
856:
852:
848:
844:
839:
835:
833:
827:
825:
821:
817:
813:
807:
804:
800:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
765:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
727:
726:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
710:
706:
703:
702:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
686:
682:
679:
678:
674:
671:
670:
666:
430:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
400:
399:
390:
380:
378:
375:
370:
368:
362:
359:
355:
352:
348:
344:
336:
332:
328:
324:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
265:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
245:Simon Winawer
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
195:
190:
183:
181:
179:
178:Louis Paulsen
174:
172:
168:
164:
152:
148:
146:
142:
138:
130:
128:
126:
122:
117:
113:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
64:
60:
55:
42:
38:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2445:
2437:the original
2427:
2411:
2406:
2398:the original
2388:
2372:
2364:
2345:. Retrieved
2341:the original
2322:
2306:
2298:the original
2288:
2276:. Retrieved
2272:the original
2261:
2249:
2240:
2228:. Retrieved
2224:the original
2213:
2194:
2163:
2149:
2128:cite journal
2113:
2105:the original
2075:
2037:the original
2015:
1992:
1700:
1555:Horatio Caro
1551:Simon Alapin
1529:Wilhelm Cohn
1499:Géza Maróczy
1461:, Chigorin,
1319:Johann Bauer
983:
973:black pieces
943:
938:
937:
929:Chessmetrics
918:
897:heart attack
894:
883:
873:
871:
866:
864:
854:
840:
836:
828:
808:
796:
371:
363:
358:Chessmetrics
356:
340:
257:
222:
218:chess clocks
199:
175:
160:
150:
134:
121:simultaneous
111:
110:
97:chess player
67:(1924-09-01)
18:
2498:1924 deaths
2493:1841 births
1436:Georg Marco
1426:; ahead of
1219:James Mason
1134:Black Death
1089:, De Vere,
1074:Baden-Baden
933:combinative
925:Black Death
880:Final years
307:; ahead of
293:James Mason
287:1885 (with
277:Black Death
273:Vienna 1873
214:hourglasses
206:round-robin
145:Paul Morphy
78:Nationality
2487:Categories
1984:References
1686:Tied with
1473:, Mieses,
1420:Paul Lipke
1378:Manchester
1182:Tied with
820:half-crown
156:Blackburne
137:Manchester
94:Occupation
54:Manchester
46:1841-12-10
1833:Zukertort
1490:Nuremberg
1311:Amos Burn
1282:Frankfurt
1269:; behind
1267:Max Weiss
1150:Ahead of
984:Sources:
374:Victorian
351:Nuremberg
313:Frankfurt
303:; behind
301:Max Weiss
235:, behind
131:Biography
125:blindfold
105:1862–1914
56:, England
2203:(1879).
1866:Bradford
1860:Gunsberg
1721:Location
1715:Opponent
1450:Hastings
993:Location
861:Writings
857:(1889).
851:shilling
816:shilling
347:Hastings
154:—
141:draughts
1977:
1952:
1927:
1910:Vasquez
1902:
1825:
1800:
1775:
1732:1862-63
1632:
1618:
1604:
1590:
1457:Behind
1411:Leipzig
1394:Belfast
1302:Breslau
1254:Hamburg
1033:Behind
812:guineas
285:Hamburg
81:British
2418:
2380:
2328:e-book
2314:
1974:+3−3=3
1968:London
1949:+0−6=4
1924:+5−0=1
1917:Havana
1899:+5−3=2
1892:Havana
1872:+0−4=1
1845:+5−1=7
1839:London
1822:+7−4=3
1816:London
1797:+2−7=5
1791:London
1772:+0−7=0
1766:London
1749:+1−7=2
1743:London
1727:Notes
1718:Result
1668:, and
1569:London
1543:Vienna
1521:Berlin
1232:London
1211:Vienna
1197:Berlin
1176:Berlin
1144:London
1123:Vienna
1108:London
1025:Dundee
999:Notes
907:Legacy
2347:4 May
2278:4 May
2230:4 May
1842:9½/5½
1819:8½/14
1794:4½/14
1724:Score
1261:With
1162:Paris
996:Place
167:draws
116:chess
2416:ISBN
2378:ISBN
2349:2008
2312:ISBN
2280:2008
2232:2008
2141:help
1971:4½/9
1965:Drew
1957:1895
1946:2/10
1940:Lost
1932:1892
1921:5½/6
1907:1891
1896:6/10
1880:1891
1863:Lost
1857:1887
1830:1887
1805:1881
1788:Lost
1780:1881
1763:Lost
1757:1876
1746:2/10
1740:Lost
1712:Date
1677:1914
1652:; 3
1637:1914
1623:1913
1609:1910
1595:1907
1581:1904
1566:1899
1540:1898
1518:1897
1486:1896
1477:and
1446:1895
1422:and
1407:1894
1390:1892
1374:1890
1358:1889
1349:and
1298:1889
1278:1887
1250:1885
1229:1883
1208:1882
1194:1881
1186:and
1173:1880
1159:1878
1141:1876
1119:1873
1105:1872
1097:and
1070:1870
1056:2nd
1053:1869
1045:and
1021:1867
1004:1862
990:Date
824:drew
786:, a
762:The
299:and
251:and
239:and
123:and
62:Died
40:Born
1913:Won
1888:Won
1869:½/5
1836:Won
1813:Won
1769:0/7
1645:---
1136:".
2489::
2357:^
2334::
2177:^
2132::
2130:}}
2126:{{
2084:^
2064:^
2045:^
2024:^
2006:^
1943:??
1683:1=
1664:,
1615:2=
1601:2=
1557:,
1546:11
1531:,
1509:,
1494:11
1481:.
1454:10
1434:,
1430:,
1399:1=
1353:.
1345:,
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