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Joseph Needham Tayler

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904:, that a Captain Smith of the Royal Artillery was now being credited with the invention of a means of concentrating a ship's broadside to a single point. In February 1832 Tayler submitted another design and model for a traversing gun-carriage, which required half the number of men to work, and did away with the handspike, tackles, and crowbar used to train the gun. In reply he was informed that 335:, even though they were protected by shore batteries and covered by the fire of 25 heavy gunboats. She also drove two gunboats, each mounting two long 18-pounders and eight smaller guns, onto the coast, where Tayler, in a boat, assisted in taking possession of one of them – the crew having abandoned ship. He then followed Captain Durham into the 40-gun frigate 199:, mainly as a junior officer, before finally achieving command of his own ship in 1810, serving off the coast of northern Spain. His active career was cut short by serious injury in 1813, and he then concentrated on his inventions and innovations in naval technology. He commanded a naval gunnery school in the late 1830s, before being retired in 1846. 717:, forcing the Spanish defenders to retreat street by street to the castle, from where they were evacuated. The British were able to take about 1,150 men of the garrison to Bermeo. Castro Urdiales was then blockaded, until on 22 June the French were forced out, and Tayler promptly garrisoned the castle. At Lekeitio, on the night of 10 June 1813, 894:. In September 1829 he drew their attention to his various inventions, again offering to demonstrate them at his own expense. In December 1830 he wrote requesting acknowledgement as the inventor of the system of directing a broadside to a single point, following the demonstration of a similar system devised by a Mr. Kennish aboard 811:, where between July 1838 and August 1841 he established a naval gunnery school. On 16 November 1846 Tayler accepted retirement from the navy, and promotion to rear admiral with seniority dating from 1 October. On 17 May 1858 he was promoted to vice admiral, with seniority dating from 28 December 1855. 1201:
Royal Naval Biography : or Memoirs of the services of all the flag-officers, superannuated rear-admirals, retired-captains, post-captains and commanders, whose names appeared on the Admiralty list of sea officers at the commencement of the year 1760, or who have since been promoted; illustrated
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in one focus, and enabled him to fire shells with such precision that two out of every three burst in the French batteries. Despite this, by the morning of the 11th the French gun batteries had made a practicable breach in the town's walls, and the British were compelled to re-embark their guns and
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Tayler was also an inventor and innovator. During the siege of Copenhagen in 1807 he improvised a new means of landing the ship's guns from boats, and also a gun carriage. In 1808 he devised an improved compass mounting. In 1811, while sailing home from the West Indies, he formulated a code of
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in Bath Road, called Trafalgar Place, and, at the other end of the town, Southgate House and Villas. He was also a founder member of the Devizes Literary and Scientific Institution in 1833, and in October 1834, was presented with service of plate from the leading citizens of Devizes
840:, and in 1840 another for improvements to steam vessels, and in 1843, in partnership with the civil engineer William Henry Smith, registered a patent for improvements in breakwaters, beacons, and sound alarms. He also invented a floating breakwater, and published a book 876:
Tayler was a regular correspondent with the Admiralty on the subject of his innovations in naval gunnery. In February 1815 he wrote concerning his improved gun-sight, which he had used with great effect during the defence of Castro Urdiales, and was informed that his
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In January 1824 Tayler wrote to the Admiralty again this time with a model of an improved naval gun-carriage, which allowed all the guns of a broadside to be concentrated on a single point, and in January 1828 another with a design for an improved
434:, and rescued 21 people before she broke up; nine more people were rescued from the sea. Two of the Indiaman's boats had already escaped with the captain and several others aboard; but 38 were lost. On 19 August 1806 Tayler transferred to the 577:, escorting a fleet of merchant ships. During the voyage they recaptured a large ship laden with colonial produce. He then returned to the northern coast of Spain where he was engaged in surveying various harbours, particularly 908:, to which he replied offering a trial at his own expense at Portsmouth. After this offer was again turned down, Tayler abandoned his correspondence with the Admiralty on the subject. His gun-carriage model was donated to the 743:, when it was struck by a 12-pound shot, causing considerable damage. Tayler insisted on continuing to load and fire the gun despite fears that it would burst. However his luck finally ran out on 24 July 1813 during the 931:"in token of the high esteem they entertain for him, and in testimony of his active and independent exertions in promoting, upon all occasions, the prosperity of his native town, and the welfare of its inhabitants." 738:
Tayler came close to death or serious injury twice; at Plentzia, during the destruction of the fort by explosives, he narrowly avoided several tons of falling masonry, and later at Castro Urdiales he was pointing a
824:, and in November 1829 he sent to the Admiralty some remarks on the best mode of preventing "pestilential fevers", and offered his services to carry them out at Gibraltar. On 23 November 1831, Tayler sent to the 1389: 885:' work on naval gunnery, published in 1817, contained a design for new gun-sight that was very similar to his own, which he had used in 1812. In reply the Admiralty pointed out that Douglas' book 802:, under whom he had served as a midshipman. Durham replied in friendly terms, but also reminded him that 20 years service as captain as considered necessary to command a first rate. 1394: 387: 782:, and a few years later, citing his local knowledge of the coast, offered his services during the political turmoil in Portugal. In April 1828 another application stated that 704:, which was under siege from a force of 13,000 French troops. The British ships arrived there on 4 May, landing guns and manning batteries for the defence of the town, whose 751:. During the operation a shell hit the battery Tayler was commanding, and he was injured in the head and groin, and his left leg was shattered. Tayler was taken back to the 825: 426:. At daylight it was seen that her masts had fallen, and that the sea was breaking over her. Tayler volunteered to take a boat to her assistance. He contrived to throw a 228:. His mother was the daughter of Joseph Needham, surgeon and man-midwife, and the niece of Henry Needham, a co-partner with his uncle, Robert Rogers, in the bank of 1404: 778:
Tayler applied to the Admiralty several times for a command at sea, but was politely turned down each time. In 1816 he requested a ship to take part on the
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at Plymouth where his leg was saved, but he was confined to hospital for seven months, and it was more than two years before he was completely recovered.
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in Devizes. He built new shops on the south-east side of the Brittox, new houses on the south side of Wine Street and in Long Street, a middle-class
464:. During the siege of the city he commanded a party of seamen ashore, manning a battery. On the return of the fleet to England he was employed, as 771:
on 8 December 1815. He was also presented with the sum of £100 by the Patriotic Society, and the Corporation of Devizes presented him with the
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on 16 August 1813. On 12 November 1814 he was awarded a yearly pension of £200, increased on 2 December 1815 to £250, and was made a
1284: 747:, when he was ordered, with the other small vessels of the squadron, to conduct a diversionary attack on the north side of Mount 289: 1133: 909: 674: 451: 900:. In January 1831 he reminded the Admiralty that he was asking for recognition not money, and in November the same year wrote 1034: 829: 787: 779: 1399: 1384: 1143: 461: 144: 1195: 267: 1346: 744: 192: 129: 96: 1274: 906:"their Lordships could not order any trial of his improved gun-carriage to be made at the expense of Government" 731:
conveyed the British staff officer John Fremantle to England with the despatches announcing the victory at the
403: 62: 623:, El Campillo las Quersas, Xebiles, and Castro. In July, he took part in the attacks upon Puerta Galletta and 935:
Tayler's building projects do not seem to yielded much profit, as by February 1842 he was being held in the
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on the blockade of the coast of France, serving as first lieutenant. At one point Tayler was sent ashore at
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signals made by means of telegraphic shades instead of flags. In 1828 he submitted to the Prince Regent
799: 548: 501: 441: 390:, and Tayler assisted in the capture of seven French gun-vessels. In October 1804 he was present at the 281: 217: 216:, Wiltshire, the youngest son of Samuel Tayler and Sally Needham. His father was a senior member of the 106: 805:
Tayler's persistence and evident expertise eventually led to his final naval appointment, to the ship
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from Bordeaux bound for St. Domingo, and two days afterwards, in the capture of the 18-gun privateer
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brought off 1,270 Spanish troops, who were closely pursued by a superior enemy force. In late June
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men, and prepare for a retreat. At 9 p.m. the French launched their assault via the breach and by
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numbered no more than 1,200. Tayler used an improved gunsight, of his own design, which combined
505: 477: 457: 435: 365: 149: 472:, removing masts and stores from the captured Danish ships. In mid-1808 (a few months after the 943:
assigning his estate and effects to the Provisional Assignee on the petition of his creditors.
1137: 732: 644: 624: 578: 358: 221: 169: 1299: 581:, and gathering intelligence on the strength of the French garrisons along the Biscay coast. 1273: 1246: 1228: 1168: 1112: 1094: 856:
of 1851, but appears to have had only moderate success in practice. In 1852 he submitted to
792:"if the crew of a frigate was required, he could obtain volunteers to man one with dispatch" 632: 593: 495: 465: 391: 293: 285: 275: 139: 1323: 398:'s catamaran-torpedoes in an attempt to attack the French invasion fleet. On 30 March 1806 701: 681: 427: 323:. On 27 June 1800, while escorting a fleet of transport ships from Gibraltar and Minorca, 248:
Tayler entered the navy in July 1796 as a first-class volunteer on board the 100-gun ship
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The borough of Devizes: Town, Castle and Estates, A History of the County of Wiltshire
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in a boat whenever he went afloat. On 27 April 1800 he assisted in the capture of the
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was paid off at Plymouth in January 1809. On 12 April 1809 Tayler joined the frigate
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commander of the British squadron operating on the north coast of Spain, sent the
1347:"Samuel Powell's House: The Early 18th Century Town House of a Devizes Clothier" 1019: 891: 833: 640: 612: 554: 362: 320: 345:
and Lisbon, and took part in the capture of the 14-gun French cutter-privateer
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to distribute propaganda placards proclaiming the British victories in Spain.
411: 188: 78: 1026: 740: 332: 620: 236:, and was killed in Portugal; another brother, Thomas, was a major in the 887:"was not under the sanction of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty." 865: 832:, a plan for a Registry of Seamen, which would do away with the need for 714: 705: 608: 600: 431: 383: 361:
on 29 April 1802, and on 18 October 1803 he was appointed to the 50-gun
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on 11 August 1809, prior to joining in the attack on Flushing. He left
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by a series of historical and explanatory notes. With copious addenda
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In recognition of his services and injuries Tayler was promoted to
526:, Captain Arden Adderley, operating off the north coast of Spain. 271: 284:, which was occasionally employed attending the Royal Family off 652: 520:
after only seven months, and on 12 June 1810 he joined the brig
419: 187:(15 August 1783 – 19 March 1864) was an officer of the British 881:. In February 1822, he wrote again pointing out that Colonel 327:
captured seven merchant vessels on the Spanish coast between
1025: 700:, Commander Tayler, to assist the Spanish at the town of 627:. He then twice forced a passage between the fortress of 603:, and then in the destruction of enemy fortifications at 508:. He was present at the forcing of the batteries between 232:
His eldest brother, also Samuel, was a lieutenant in the
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for a surprise attack on the batteries along the river
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islands. At 2 a.m. on 20 April one of the convoy, the
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Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
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under Captain Richard Raggett, for passage home from
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During the later part of his life Tayler resided in
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A model of his floating breakwater was displayed at
165: 122: 102: 92: 84: 72: 58: 44: 27: 20: 599:In June 1812 Tayler took part in the reduction of 567:spent several months on anti-piracy patrol in the 563:, eventually joining his ship on 2 February 1811. 266:. In April–May 1797 he was present in her at the 860:a proposal to erect a "Shipwreck Asylum" on the 836:. In 1838 he took out a patent on a new form of 643:. Tayler also submitted a plan to Commodore Sir 1288:. Vol. 55. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 596:, and also a brig laden with cotton and rice. 315:. Tayler was also employed in landing arms at 846:Plans for the Formation of Harbours of Refuge 631:and the Isla de Mouro at the entrance of the 8: 868:in 1855 in accordance with his suggestions. 794:. The same month he offered his services as 224:, and also formed and commanded the Devizes 1395:Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars 1052: 1050: 1048: 1190: 1188: 1186: 1184: 1182: 850:The Defence of the Coast of Great Britain. 17: 1163: 1161: 1013: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 534:On 27 August 1810 Tayler was promoted to 430:attached to a rope over the stump of her 1128: 1126: 999: 997: 995: 993: 991: 989: 987: 985: 983: 981: 939:for debt, when an order was made by the 968: 382:was part of the squadron stationed off 303:, which was in company with the 18-gun 1304:. Vol. 10. 1975. pp. 225–252 1264: 1262: 1260: 879:"plans had been laid before the Board" 1207:Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green 975:O'Byrne gives 1785 as his birth year. 941:Court for Relief of Insolvent Debtors 902:"with some surprise and great regret" 7: 1330:. 8 February 1842. pp. 340–341. 635:, and also made a reconnaissance of 1405:Companions of the Order of the Bath 959:, and died there on 18 March 1864. 1175:. 25 May 1813. pp. 1014–1015. 769:Companion of the Order of the Bath 14: 1410:Military personnel from Wiltshire 1235:. 17 November 1846. p. 4661. 1018:O'Byrne, William Richard (1849). 786:. In August 1831 in a request to 1285:Dictionary of National Biography 1205:. Vol. IV, Part I. London: 1101:. 6 November 1813. p. 2174. 418:, struck Laten's Level, a rocky 370:, serving in her under Captains 220:of Devizes, served six times as 1028:A Naval Biographical Dictionary 844:. In 1840 Tayler published his 666:, and on 31 March captured the 584:During the winter of 1811-1812 447:On 16 March 1807 he joined the 262:, under the command of Captain 1275:"Tayler, Joseph Needham"  1139:Naval History of Great Britain 1057:McMurray, Matthew (May 2008). 1021:"Tayler, Joseph Needham"  319:, and in otherwise aiding the 1: 830:Lord President of the Council 735:, before returning to Spain. 651:and destroying the bridge at 462:expedition against Copenhagen 1253:. 18 May 1858. p. 2454. 1119:. 24 May 1814. p. 1086. 872:Innovations in naval gunnery 842:On Naval Tactics and Gunnery 822:"A Plan of Internal Defence" 476:was paid off) he joined the 406:, with orders to escort six 920:After 1830 Tayler became a 710:elevation and line of sight 662:captured the American ship 482:, flagship of Rear-Admiral 388:Napoleon's planned invasion 145:Second Battle of Copenhagen 1426: 1345:McMurray, Matthew (2013). 686:, Commander Robert Bloye; 288:, and was in waiting upon 270:. In 1799 he moved to the 238:Bengal 9th Native Infantry 130:French Revolutionary Wars 1142:. Vol. VI. London: 1068:(112): 3. Archived from 592:, and captured a French 404:St Helens, Isle of Wight 504:, and took part in the 460:, and took part in the 378:, and Richard Raggett. 357:Tayler was promoted to 780:Bombardment of Algiers 773:freedom of the borough 745:Siege of San Sebastián 394:when the British used 376:Francis William Austen 191:who served during the 910:United Service Museum 553:, and sailed for the 502:Hood Hanway Christian 282:Philip Charles Durham 240:, and died in India. 180:Joseph Needham Tayler 85:Years of service 22:Joseph Needham Tayler 937:Queen's Bench Prison 854:The Great Exhibition 826:Marquis of Lansdowne 629:San Salvador de Hano 193:French Revolutionary 1400:Royal Navy admirals 1385:People from Devizes 1270:Laughton, John Knox 1075:on 12 December 2013 673:In early May 1813, 372:James Nicoll Morris 234:13th Light Dragoons 212:Tayler was born in 1328:The London Gazette 1251:The London Gazette 1233:The London Gazette 1209:. pp. 454–466 1173:The London Gazette 1117:The London Gazette 1099:The London Gazette 922:property developer 675:Sir George Collier 588:was stationed off 538:aboard the 16-gun 506:Walcheren Campaign 458:Samuel Hood Linzee 349:on 13 April 1801. 244:Early naval career 150:Walcheren Campaign 40:Devizes, Wiltshire 800:Sir Philip Durham 733:battle of Vitoria 658:On 21 March 1813 645:Home Riggs Popham 579:Saint-Jean-de-Luz 557:aboard the sloop 307:, and the 36-gun 208:Family background 176: 175: 170:Order of the Bath 1417: 1361: 1359: 1357: 1351:Wiltshire Museum 1332: 1331: 1320: 1314: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1296: 1290: 1289: 1277: 1266: 1255: 1254: 1243: 1237: 1236: 1225: 1219: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1192: 1177: 1176: 1165: 1156: 1155: 1153: 1151: 1130: 1121: 1120: 1109: 1103: 1102: 1091: 1085: 1084: 1082: 1080: 1074: 1063: 1054: 1043: 1042: 1032: 1023: 1015: 976: 973: 916:Building Devizes 790:, he noted that 788:Sir James Graham 633:Bay of Santander 594:letter of marque 466:first lieutenant 456:, under Captain 392:Raid on Boulogne 321:French royalists 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Index

Great Britain
United Kingdom
Royal Navy
Vice admiral
HMS Sparrow
HMS San Josef
French Revolutionary Wars
Napoleonic Wars
Raid on Boulogne
Second Battle of Copenhagen
Walcheren Campaign
Peninsular War
Order of the Bath
CB
Royal Navy
French Revolutionary
Napoleonic Wars
Devizes
Corporation
Mayor
Loyal Volunteers
Child & Co.
13th Light Dragoons
Bengal 9th Native Infantry
Royal George
Lord Bridport
Channel Fleet
William Domett
Spithead mutiny
razee

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