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592:, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – were signatories of the Union of Brest in 1596 which brought the Metropolitanate of Kiev into communion with the pope. Two ecclesiastical factions, those Eastern Orthodox bishops who were signatories and those Eastern Orthodox bishops who were not signatories, met and excommunicated each other, but those who did not assent were in a much worse position than before, because they were no longer officially recognized. The Union resulted in two sectarian groups:
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assistants of the archbishop, and broke into the room where he was alone. One hit him on the head with a stick, another split it with an axe, and when
Kuntsevych fell, they started beating him. They looted his house, dragged his body to the plaza, cursed him – even women and children. ...They dragged him naked through the streets of the city all the way to the hill overlooking the river
807:, such as praying overnight in the parish cemetery during the winter, while barefoot and deliberately underdressed, in order to offer up his suffering towards the salvation of souls. According the Beatification testimony of his fellow monks, Brother Josaphat regularly prayed while disciplining himself, "Lord, God, grant unity to the Holy Church and the conversion of the Dissidents."
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1122:, and many were banished and their property confiscated. The townhall and the disuniate churches were destroyed, and the franchises of the city abolished, but restored under the subsequent reign. With Kuntsevych's death the Disuniates were completely broken up in Lithuania, and their leaders were severely punished. The Disuniates lost their churches in Vitebsk, Polotsk,
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As a boy
Kuntsevych was said to have shunned the usual games of childhood, prayed much, and lost no opportunity to assist at the Church services. Children especially regarded him with affection. As an apprentice, he devoted every leisure hour to prayer and study. At first Papovič viewed this behavior
1949:
The "flagrant and manifold abuses" in the
Eastern Orthodox Church within the Commonwealth, seemed according to Bain, "to justify the necessity of its union with the better-ordered and instructed Roman Church. All contemporary evidence describes its condition in the darkest colours. The bishops, with
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later testified, "He took care of the condemned prisoners to their very last hour, as if there were no one else to do it. After hearing their confessions, he would accompany them to the place of execution, without showing a shadow of reluctance on his face, even if the time were most inopportune, in
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The term commonly refers to those
Orthodox Christians who left Orthodoxy and acknowledged the jurisdiction of the Pope of Rome while retaining the rites and practices observed by Orthodoxy. The term 'uniate' is seen as negative by such individuals, who are more commonly referred to as Catholics of
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During his beatification process, Dorotheus
Akhrymovych, a Polotsk city councilman who had known Josaphat in Vilna, testified, "Though the parents of the young boys complained publicly and privately about him, calling him the 'Soul-snatcher' of their sons, later, after their sons returned home from
512:
In response to the nickname "The Soul-Snatcher", which
Josaphat received from both his Orthodox and Calvinist opponents, his biographer, Fr. Demetrius Wysochansky, has written, "In summing up his pastoral activities which were directed towards the one goal of snatching souls, his contemporaries and
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was insinuating by publishing this letter that" Kuntsevych was not a martyr but was murdered "as a natural consequence of his own violent actions." The canonization was used to "shape and reinforce" the emotional character about "a key
Russophile argument" – that an Eastern Catholic Church was not
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During his
Beatification process, Raphael Korsak testified, "Josaphat never neglected to give alms to the poor, to widows, and especially to orphans. Everyone loved him. Whenever he left the Church, everyone pressed towards the Church doors, seeking solace in his words. Hence, when he was elevated
1006:
that
Josaphat Kuntsevych "was no man of peace, and had been involved in all manner of oppressions, including that most offensive of petty persecutions – the refusal to allow the Orthodox peasants to bury their dead in consecrated ground;" in other words, he is alleged to have prohibited burial of
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The ringing of cathedral bells and the bells of other churches spread. This was the signal and call to insurrection. From all sides of town masses of people – men, women, and children – gathered with stones and attacked the archbishop's residence. The masses attacked and injured the servants and
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In
October 1623 Kuntsevych ordered the arrest of the last priest who was clandestinely holding Orthodox services at Vitebsk, where Kuntsevych had a residence. Enraged at this, some Orthodox townspeople lynched Kuntsevych on 12 November. Witnesses of the event described it as follows:
820:. Many other young men joined the Monastery, which only recently had been on the verge of closure, due to Brother Josaphat's reputation for holiness. Brother Josaphat's believed, based on his own studies of history, the liturgical books, and many other sources, that the
1784:
There are two relics of Saint Josaphat located in the Basilica of St. Josaphat, in Milwaukee Wisconsin. One is located inside the High Altar and the other is located in the lower Chapel. Vatican documentation is presented in the lower Chapel of the authenticity of the
954:, who wished to make what Josaphat saw as too many concessions to the Eastern Orthodox at the expense of Greek Catholic faithful. Throughout all his strivings and all his occupations, he continued his religious devotion as a monk, and never abated his practice of
915:
from the office of Hegumen to Archbishop of Polotsk, the beggars wept as they bade their protector farewell. His mercy was even more evident when he became Archbishop, so that one could say that his palace was like a market place and trading post for beggars."
1126:, Mogilev, and other places. Smotrytsky joined the Uniates in order to escape punishment, and turned his pen against the Disuniates whose weaknesses were not secrets from him. The body was recovered from the river and lay in state in the cathedral of Polatsk.
1958:, the chief pillar of the Orthodox church, bitterly complained that the common people hungered in vain for the word of God," and Smotrytsky "declared that he could not lay his hand on three Orthodox preachers, and that, but for the aid of Catholic
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to the clergy, with instructions that it should be memorized; composed rules for priestly life, and entrusted deacons the task of superintending their observance; assembled synods in various towns in the dioceses; and firmly opposed the
622:", a term which, while once widely used and considered benign, is now considered derogatory and insulting. Eastern Catholic Ruthenians were detested, and considered "schismatics and traitors" by those who remained Orthodox and under the
1794:
Josaphat's canonization has been highly controversial among Ukrainian Orthodox population, mostly due to persecution of Orthodox practices incited by Josaphat. These practices include the arrest of Orthodox priests for holding
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and Sigismund III. The resistance at Mohilev led to a government crackdown against local Orthodox, and a 1619 judicial decree condemned the leaders of the insurrection to death, confiscated all the previously Eastern Orthodox
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he drew many proofs of Catholic doctrine and wrote several original works. Throughout his adult life, he was distinguished by his extraordinary zeal in performing the Church services and by extraordinary devotion during the
1034:, Neophyte, metropolitan of Sofia, and Avramios, bishop of Stagoi. Thus a rival Orthodox hierarchy was established. In response, King Sigismund III accused Patriarch Theophanes III, with some justification, of being a
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Historical Sketch of the Rise, Progress, and Decline of the Reformation in Poland And of the Influence which the Scriptural Doctrines Have Exercised on that Country in Literary, Moral, and Political Respects
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witnesses to his life were able to say: 'Whatever Catholics there are in Polotsk, are the fruit of the pastoral labors of Josaphat.' To this statement one may add that whatever Catholics there have been in
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with displeasure, but Josaphat gradually won such a position in his esteem that Papovič offered him his entire fortune and his daughter's hand. But Josaphat's love for the religious life never wavered.
1265:, but likewise in the fields, hospitals, prisons, and even on his personal journeys. This zeal, united with his kindness for the poor, led great numbers of Eastern Orthodox confession Ruthenians to a
965:, Vitebsk Voivodeship, who had apparently assented to the Union of Brest, openly resisted its implementation and replaced Greek Catholic priests with Disuniate priests. They substituted the names of
835:
Father Gennadius Khmelnytsky later testified, "Because of the numerous souls he was converting to God and the numerous boys he was drawing into the religious life from among the townspeople and the
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represented a return to the true roots and origins of the Christian East. He was so successful at arguing in favor of this point and persuading both Orthodox Christians and Ruthenian and Lithuanian
539:
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The government imposed a settlement on the "unsettling and destructive" conflict in 1632 by legalizing the Disuniate hierarchy and redistributing church property between Uniates and Disuniates.
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1895:
at Ukrainian Catholic University, "the circumstances of his life and his murder have been heavily researched and are devoid of religious myths" but "known only by a narrow circle of scholars."
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with Smotrytsky (who later himself entered into communion with the see of Rome) being appointed the Orthodox Archeparch of Polotsk. Smotrytsky publicly claimed that Kuntsevych was preparing a
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656:"; they were also called "dissidents" by both Roman and Byzantine Catholics. The southeastern voivodeships became predominantly Disuniate. Disuniates were subjected to varying degrees of
1115:, that the Lithuanian Protestants were also the secret instigators in the murder of Kuntsevych, and Smotrytsky, the chief agent in the murder, was in constant communication with them.
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It should be mentioned that in the past the Eastern Catholic churches were often referred to as 'Uniate' churches. Since the term is now considered derogatory, it is no longer used.
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included a French translation of the entire Sapieha letter and the entire Kuntsevych response to Sapieha. Neither letter was included in an abridged Polish translation of Guépin by
3685:
719:. Both of Kuntsevych's parents encouraged religious participation and Christian piety in the young John. In the school at Volodymyr he gave evidence of unusual talent; he studied
1640:
1059:, sectarian violence over ownership of church property increased and "hundreds of clerics on both sides died in confrontations that often took the form of pitched battles."
854:
Whenever Brother Josaphat, however, was called this name, however, he would chuckle and respond, "God grant me the grace to snatch all your souls and lead them to Heaven."
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by the Government of the Commonwealth, at the insistence of some Byzantine and Roman Catholic clergy. The Disuniates were leaderless until a reestablished Eastern Orthodox
941:
of the Byzantine Rite as well as from widowed priests who had remarried in open violation of the Eastern Code of Canons. As archeparch he: restored the churches: issued a
3160:. New York: Smoloskyp Publishers and the National Committee to Commemorate the Millenium of Christianity in Ukraine. pp. 117–119, 121–122, 124, 130, 135, 148, 157.
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working to destabilize the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on behalf of the Ottoman Empire and ordered his arrest and arrest of all Bishops consecrated by him.
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and was "understood in many circles, including Polish, Russian, and Ruthenian circles, as a papal gesture of moral support for the insurgent Poles." A
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In January 1624, a commission presided over by Sapieha investigated Kuntsevych's murder and sentenced 93 people to death for their involvement in the
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in order to offer up his sufferings for the conversion of others. Through all this he was successful in winning over a large portion of the people.
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Kuntsevych faced the daunting task of bringing the local populace to accept union with Rome. He faced stiff opposition from the monks, who feared
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Renaissance influences and religious reforms in Russia : Western and post-Byzantine impacts on culture and education (16th-17th centuries)
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in the 350 years since Josaphat's death, may all attribute their Catholic Faith to the labors and blood of Josaphat, the 'Soul-Snatcher.'"
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to write a letter to Josaphat in behalf of the King, condemning him for his actions and claiming that his persecution was his own fault.
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which they placed in the vestibule of the Orthodox church, in which Josaphat was depicted as one of the devils who was dragging souls to
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Religion and nationality in western Ukraine : the Greek Catholic Church and the Ruthenian National Movement in Galicia, 1867-1900
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scarce an exception, were robbers and ruffians; the lesser clergy followed the unedifying example of their ecclesiastical superiors.
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in Ruthenian public opinion" and was seen as an insult to Imperial Russia. The Russian government responded, in 1875, with further
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on condition that their rituals and discipline were left intact. Most Eastern Orthodox bishops within the Commonwealth, including
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Crisis and reform : the Kyivan metropolitanate, the patriarchate of Constantinople, and the genesis of the Union of Brest
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1507:, it was assigned to November 14, which was the first free day after November 12, which was then occupied by the feast of "
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that intensified after four Ruthenian Orthodox Church (Kiev Metropolitanate) bishops transferred their allegiance from the
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1963:
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760:. Rutsky supported the recent union with Rome, and under his influence Kuntsevych grew interested in the Catholic Church.
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Eastern Orthodox adherents who did not assent to the Union of Brest articles remained Eastern Orthodox and were known as "
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3127:"Perceptions and realities in Orthodox-Catholic relations today : reflections on the past, prospects for the future"
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The western front of the Eastern Church: Uniate and Orthodox conflict in 18th-Century Poland, Ukraine, Belarus and Russia
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beneficial to Ruthenians. Krasiński included only an English translation of an extraction from the Sapieha letter. While
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to the Eastern Catholic confession and Catholic unity. Among his converts were many important personages such as deposed
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Un apotre de l'union des Églises au XVIIe siècle : Saint Josaphat et l'Eglise Greco-Slave en Pologne et en Russie
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626:. "About two-thirds of the Ruthenian population", however, had become Greek-Catholics by 1620. The northeastern
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2369:. The Cambridge history of Christianity. Vol. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 302–324.
2241:"Religious relations and the issue of religious tolerance in Poland and Lithuania in the 16th and 17th century"
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the Byzantine Rite, Greek Catholics, Eastern Rite Catholics, Melkite Catholics, or any number of other titles.
873:, his regular services and labor for the Church had already begun. As a result of his efforts, the number of
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to a merchant named Papovič in Vilnius. In Vilnius, divided through the contentions of the various religious
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in 1597. Those Magdeburg rights were divested from Vitebsk in 1624 as a punishment for Kuntsevych's murder.
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was to reunite, "through missions to non-Catholics, both Protestant and Orthodox," all Christians into the
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3104:(2nd, rev. and expanded ed.). Toronto ; Buffalo: University of Toronto Press. pp. 204–205.
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five years after his death. In 1637, a second commission investigated his life and, in 1643, Josaphat was
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3009:. McGill-Queen's studies in the history of religion. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. pp.
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The Ruthenian Orthodox did not disappear, however. In 1620 they assembled in synod at Kiev, protected by
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who on 12 November 1623 was beaten to death with an axe during an anti-Catholic riot by Eastern Orthodox
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Discontent increased among the inhabitants of the eastern voivodeships. In 1618 an Orthodox nobleman at
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Life of St. Josaphat, martyr of the Union, Archbishop of Polotsk, member, Order of St. Basil, the Great
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of a number of Polish and Ukrainian churches and parishes in the United States and Canada, including:
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so constantly that he was heard to still murmur it during his sleep. He also engaged in many acts of
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to convert to Eastern Catholicism, that his theological opponents dubbed him, "The soul-snatcher".
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3133:. Orthodox Christianity and contemporary thought. New York: Fordham University Press. p. 35.
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1891:"Polemical assessments still dominate the church literature" about Kuntsevych. According to the
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spread rapidly and many distinguished people began to visit the Monastery to speak with him for
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69:
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3626:. Vol. November (New full ed.). Tunbridge Wells: Burns & Oates. pp. 94–96.
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839:, the Dissidents called him 'Soul-snatcher', instead of his own name Josaphat. They painted a
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The origins of the Slavic nations : premodern identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus
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1102:. Finally, after tying stones to the dead body, they threw him into the Dvina at its deepest.
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2330:. Lviv: Institute of Religion and Society of the Ukrainian Catholic University. 2011-08-15.
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his body until the blood flowed. The Jesuits frequently urged him to set some bounds to his
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Kuntsevych's favourite devotional exercise was the traditional Eastern monastic practice of
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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as archbishop-elect of Polotsk, all of whom were consecrated "in great secrecy" at Kiev by
3836:
3771:
2250:. Wrocław ?: Instytut Historyczny Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego ?. pp. 31–66.
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1966:, in 1588, "to reform these abuses only made matters worse and raised a storm of protest."
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2613:. Historical dictionaries of Europe. Vol. 80 (2nd ed.). Lanham, MD: Scarecrow.
2965:[The struggle of Orthodoxy with the Unia under Metropolitan Velyamine Rutsky].
2423:. Cambridge historical series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 187–210.
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the evening, for example, or in wintertime. He went gladly as if it were a feast day."
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the clergy owned 160,000 villages out of a total of 215,000, and paid no taxes at all.
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violence for his role in both personally accepting and very effectively spreading the
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For example, portions of a 1622 letter from Sapieha to Kuntsevych were published by
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at Mohilev, and gave them instead to the Ruthenian Catholic Archeparchy of Polotsk.
893:
Valentin Groza Fabricy, Josaphat was ordained a priest by a Greek Catholic bishop.
729:, which from this period he began to read daily. From this source he drew his early
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1620:
1523:('birthday to heaven'), and Saint Josaphat's feast was moved to that date, his own
1478:
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Manuel Kantakouzenos, who belonged to the imperial family of the Byzantine Emperor
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Slavonic Europe : a political history of Poland and Russia from 1447 to 1796
2019:
believed this demonstrated "what a strong feeling must have existed" against the
1922:
The conflict between the two sectarian groups "has lasted into the 21st century."
1134:
did not take place until 1867, more than two centuries later. The body is now in
3490:. Harvard series in Ukrainian studies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
2936:
Historical sketch of the rise, progress and decline of the reformation in Poland
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priests and laity, who had survived the underground Church during the 1947-1987
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3291:(in French). Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Paris: Librairie religeuse H. Oudin.
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1611:, Kuntsevych could be thought of as a patron "of ecumenical endeavour today."
1246:
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A thousand years of Christianity in Ukraine : an encyclopedic chronology
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1469:, which examined 116 witnesses under oath. Josaphat's body was claimed to be
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2645:. Études de philologie et d'histoire. Vol. 18. Genève: Librairie Droz.
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2363:"Eastern Orthodoxy in Russia and Ukraine in the age of counter-Reformation"
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On the Falsification of the Slavic Books by the Enemies of the Metropolitan
877:
to the Order steadily increased, and under Rutsky – who had meanwhile been
832:
their studies, they were happy with the results and thanked the holy man."
393:
3577:(in Latin). ser. 2 v. 13 (2). Vatican City (published 1946-01-25): 33–63.
2023:: when oppressed on account of their religion, they turned to the distant
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with a hook. Below the painting were written the words: 'Soul-snatcher.'"
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For background about the ecclesiastical structures and conditions, see
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930:. He succeeded as archeparch in March 1618. During his episcopacy, the
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30:"Saint Josaphat" redirects here. For the 3rd or 4th-century saint, see
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In 1839 Polotsk Uniate eparchy was dissolved by the Council of Polotsk
2697:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Pages 31-44, 65-78.
2457:. Vol. 1. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 174–175.
1748:
theology and actions of the UGCC hierarchy which had arrived from the
1252:
From Kuntsevych's zealous study of the Church Slavonic Byzantine Rite
3313:Żywot świętego Jozafata Kuncewicza męczennika, arcybiskupa Połockiego
2999:"The canonization of Iosafat Kuntsevych and its reception in Galicia"
1959:
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1317:
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Ruthenian Orthodox Christians who accepted the Union of Brest became
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Churches In-between: Greek Catholic Churches in Postsocialist Europe
3367:[Saint Josaphat – Who was the first Greek Catholic saint?].
715:), his father had embarked in business, and held the office of town-
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commemorating the 300th anniversary of Kuntsevych's martyrdom, see
3472:. Vol. 8. New York: Robert Appleton Company. pp. 503–504.
3456: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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November 25). When, in 1867, Pius IX inserted his feast into the
889:(Belarusians and Ukrainians). In 1609, after private study under
2072:
According to Kempa, 74 of the 93 people sentenced to death were
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was consecrated in 1620, which the government legalized in 1632.
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3564:
commemorating the 350th anniversary of the Union of Brest, see
2788:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Pages 40-44.
2736:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Pages 79-80.
2723:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Pages 44-48.
1548:
Kuntsevych's canonization process began in the interval of the
481:. Archeparch Josaphat remains one of the best-known victims of
3393:, Halle Studies in the Anthropology of Eurasia. Pages 157-182.
3129:. In Demacopoulos, George E.; Papanikolaou, Aristotle (eds.).
1465:
appointed a commission, in 1628, to inquire into his possible
1241:
and a chain around his waist. He slept on the bare floor, and
1154:
885:– a revival of Eastern Catholic monastic life began among the
3237:. Sacrum Ucrainae millenium. Vol. 3. Rome. p. 281.
2963:"Борьба православия с унией при митрополите Велямине Рутском"
546:. After preliminary negotiations with Sigismund III and with
2775:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Pages 80.
2762:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Pages 79.
1962:, there would have been no preaching at all." An attempt by
1681:
St. Josaphat's Cathedral and Ukrainian elementary school in
1461:
attributed to Kuntsevych were reported to Church officials,
2850:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Page 97.
2837:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Page 97.
2749:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Page 79.
2710:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Page 71.
2348:, Basilian Fathers Publications. Detroit Michigan. Page 80.
1585:, the last Eastern Catholic eparchy in the Russian Empire.
2155:
2153:
2030:
rather than the nearby Eastern Orthodox Tsardom of Russia.
3206:(2). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press: 242–280.
3066:
Katchanovski, Ivan; Kohut, Zenon E.; et al. (2013).
1229:, in which the head touches the ground, while saying the
540:
Counter-Reformation in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
3736:
Archeparchy of Polotsk–Vitebsk (Ruthenian Uniate Church)
2173:
2171:
3365:"Sveti Jozafat – Tko je bio prvi grkokatolički svetac?"
3040:. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. p. 185.
2634:
2632:
2630:
2300:(4th ed.). Toronto : University of Toronto Press.
3908:
Converts to Eastern Catholicism from Eastern Orthodoxy
2059:, the nobles and clergy owned most of the land in the
1045:
aid, a rival Eastern Orthodox hierarchy was set up by
752:
who converted to Catholicism and transferred from the
1697:
St. Josaphat Ukrainian Catholic Church of Trenton, NJ
1641:
Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Josaphat in Parma
1515:, this latter feast was moved to Pope Saint Martin's
696:). He was baptized into a family associated with the
3274:(in Latin). Libreria Editrice Vaticana. p. 149.
3101:
A history of Ukraine : the land and its peoples
2639:
Medlin, William K.; Patrinelis, Christos G. (1971).
1777:
There is a relic of the saint in the "catacombs" of
557:, a delegation of bishops from the Eastern Orthodox
3310:Guépin, Alphonse (1907) . Kalinka, Walerian (ed.).
1443:
1401:
1391:
1367:
1331:
1316:
1290:
373:
366:
358:
351:
344:
327:
315:
300:
285:
277:
247:
242:
230:
206:
175:
170:
157:
149:
144:
134:
124:
109:
101:
91:
76:
39:
3432:. Vol. 2. Wentworth Press. pp. 192–193.
3154:Zinkevych, Osyp; Sorokowski, Andrew, eds. (1988).
3002:
2848:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2835:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2786:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2773:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2760:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2747:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2734:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2721:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2708:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2695:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
2673:. DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press.
2346:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych: Apostle of Church Unity
768:In 1604, in his early 20s, Kuntsevych entered the
2600:
2598:
2596:
2417:"The first Romanovs and Wladislaus IV, 1613–1648"
1931:"Greek Orthodox Confession of the Slavonic Rite".
1913:"Greek Catholic Confession of the Slavonic Rite".
1687:St. Josaphat Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral in the
1051:total Latinization of the Church and its rituals.
810:Stories that the young monk was a Greek Catholic
3923:Archbishops of Polotsk (Ruthenian Uniate Church)
3196:"Lithuania and its ancient Calvinistic churches"
2918:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2589:. Irondale, AL: Eternal Word Television Network.
1799:. Such actions led the Roman Catholic chancelor
1583:conversion of the Eastern Catholic Chełm Eparchy
1261:. Not only in the church did he preach and hear
948:Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
680:He was born Ioann Kuntsevych in 1580 or 1584 in
2489:. Syosset, NY: The Orthodox Church in America.
1940:Volodymyr was granted Magdeburg rights in 1431.
1845:Saint Josaphat Kuntsevych, patron saint archive
1095:
3179:
3177:
2664:
2662:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2356:
2354:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2279:
1836:and missionary under patronage of St. Josaphat
736:Owing to his parents' poverty, Kuntsevych was
27:Ukrainian Greek Catholic archbishop and martyr
3898:Monks from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
3888:People from Volhynian Voivodeship (1569–1795)
3719:
2208:Belarus : the last European dictatorship
1904:Vilnius was granted Magdeburg rights in 1387.
1876:trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks
8:
3531:(12). Rome (published 1923-12-01): 573–582.
3074:. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 586.
2992:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2861:"Archbishop St. Jozafat Kuncewicz, O.S.B.M."
2200:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2192:
1659:St. Josaphat's Ukrainian Catholic Church in
1545:, in which the feast day is on November 14.
1055:After 1620, according to Orest Subtelny, in
453:His death reflects the conflict between the
3389:Stéphanie Mahieu and Vlad Naumescu (2008),
2939:. Vol. 2. London: J. L. Cox and Sons.
2846:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2833:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2784:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2771:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2758:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2745:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2732:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2719:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2706:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2693:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2454:God's playground : a history of Poland
2400:
2398:
2396:
2394:
2344:Demetrius E. Wysochansky, O.S.B.M. (1987),
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
1524:
1516:
1189:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
784:in Vilnius, at which time he was given the
3726:
3712:
3704:
3669:
3648:Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of St. Josaphat
3255:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1994:. It was granted Magdeburg rights in 1498.
1308:
1287:
1007:"Disidents" in Greek Catholic cemeteries.
690:Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown
568:was sent to Rome in 1595 to accede to the
386:
341:
234:
68:
36:
3343:(5th ed.). Oxford University Press.
3316:(in Polish). Lwów: Gubrynowicz i Szmidt.
3235:Hierarchy of the Kyivan Church (861-1990)
1862:Vitebsk was an important town built at a
1637:St. Josaphat Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral
1209:Learn how and when to remove this message
493:and bishop, and was canonized in 1867 by
2327:Religious Information Service of Ukraine
2003:Mohilev was granted Magdeburg rights by
1893:Religious Information Service of Ukraine
1477:. He was canonized on June 29, 1867, by
861:, Rutsky also joined the Order in 1607.
744:, he became acquainted with men such as
473:, under the terms laid down by the 1439
2605:Sužiedėlis, Saulius (7 February 2011).
2387:– via Cambridge Histories Online.
2149:
1855:
1539:General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII
3248:
3093:
3091:
3061:
3059:
3057:
2517:Catholic Near East Welfare Association
1689:Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Edmonton
324:
3928:17th-century Eastern Catholic martyrs
3428:Valerian Krasinski (26 August 2016).
2884:
2882:
2880:
2165:. Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine.
1760:, which is very critical of both the
1032:Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem
7:
3918:Former Ukrainian Orthodox Christians
2561:(in Latin). Rome: Luxemburgi. n. 1.
2211:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
1666:St. Josaphat's Roman Catholic Church
1187:adding citations to reliable sources
788:of Josaphat. Seeking to emulate the
778:Church and monastery of Holy Trinity
446:, in the eastern peripheries of the
3953:Eastern Orthodox–Catholic conflicts
2523:from the original on 22 June 2011.
2493:from the original on 17 June 2016.
1834:Sisters Servants of Mary Immaculate
1138:in Rome, placed under the altar of
1018:, and elected new Eastern Orthodox
559:Metropolitanate of Kiev (1458–1596)
530:Historical and religious background
3622:. In Thomas, Sarah Fawcett (ed.).
3403:Ivan Katchanovski (11 July 2013).
3131:Orthodox constructions of the West
3068:"Historical Dictionary of Ukraine"
2611:Historical dictionary of Lithuania
1779:Holy Trinity Roman Catholic Church
1742:Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat
1647:St. Josaphat Roman Catholic Church
869:When Josaphat was ordained to the
25:
3973:Beatifications by Pope Urban VIII
3072:Historical dictionaries of Europe
2322:"Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church"
1978:was an important town built at a
1756:. They are closely linked to the
1744:in protest against the allegedly
1736:by the Soviet Government and the
1677:Roman Catholic Diocese of Buffalo
1041:That changed in 1620, when, with
932:Saint Sophia Cathedral in Polotsk
3620:"St Josaphat, bishop and martyr"
3466:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
3451:
3407:. Scarecrow Press. p. 586.
3405:Historical Dictionary of Ukraine
3200:The Princeton Theological Review
3183:
2973:] (in Russian). Vol. 5.
2922:
2404:
2334:from the original on 2013-03-20.
1813:
1387:, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1159:
1112:The Princeton Theological Review
1075:Martyrdom of Josaphat Kuntsevych
799:, Brother Josaphat repeated the
423: – 12 November 1623) was a
257:Belarusian Greek Catholic Church
226:, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
3988:Religious leaders from Volhynia
3958:Burials at St. Peter's Basilica
3938:Ukrainian Roman Catholic saints
3883:People from Volodymyr-Volynskyi
3605:. New York: Comet Press Books.
3341:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints
2959:Makarīĭ, Metropolitan of Moscow
2536:{{efn|The term was used by the
2509:"The Catholic Eastern Churches"
2265:from the original on 2014-12-02
2090:On the Baptism of St. Volodymyr
1619:St. Josaphat Kuntsevych is the
1608:The Oxford Dictionary of Saints
1486:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
1434:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
108:
85:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
3933:17th-century Christian martyrs
3371:(in Croatian). 12 October 2023
1543:General Roman Calendar of 1960
1535:General Roman Calendar of 1954
1513:General Roman Calendar of 1969
1492:on the first Sunday after the
1427:General Roman Calendar of 1960
1416:Romanian Greek Catholic Church
1362:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1016:hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks
782:Order of Saint Basil the Great
630:became predominantly "Uniate".
448:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
271:General Roman Calendar of 1960
261:Romanian Greek Catholic Church
200:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
3978:Canonizations by Pope Pius IX
2971:History of the Russian Church
2821:www.encyclopediaofukraine.com
2803:www.encyclopediaofukraine.com
2375:10.1017/CHOL9780521811132.014
2053:
1964:Jeremias II of Constantinople
1725:During the 1990s, a group of
1346:
1012:Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny
918:On November 12, 1617, he was
417:
183:
3943:Polish Roman Catholic saints
3624:Butler's lives of the saints
3590:"Orientales omnes Ecclesias"
3568:"Orientales omnes Ecclesias"
3566:Pope Pius XII (1945-12-23).
3233:Blazejowsky, Dmytro (1990).
2933:Krasiński, Waleryan (1840).
2365:. In Angold, Michael (ed.).
2039:Bohdan Sobol, the father of
1754:collapse of the Soviet Union
979:Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
3601:Boresky, Theodosia (1955).
3514:Pope Pius XI (1923-11-12).
3462:Markevyc, Josaphat (1910).
2799:"Seliava, Antonii Atanasii"
2361:Crummey, Robert O. (2006).
2043:, was among those executed.
1511:, Pope and Martyr." In the
971:patriarch of Constantinople
911:) of several monasteries.
903:He subsequently became the
113:November 12, 1623
4004:
3983:People murdered in Belarus
3561:Orientales omnes Ecclesias
3194:Szlupas, John (Apr 1907).
2179:"Calendar of Saints (MCI)"
2162:Ivan (Kunchych) Kuntsevych
956:mortification of the flesh
934:was rebuilt in 1618–1620.
857:After a notable life as a
805:mortification of the flesh
723:and memorized most of the
594:
588:, the capital city of the
29:
3850:
3742:
3692:
3683:
3677:
3672:
3335:Farmer, David H. (2011).
3285:Guépin, Alphonse (1897).
3098:Magocsi, Paul R. (2010).
2997:Himka, John-Paul (1999).
2669:Skinner, Barbara (2009).
1652:St. Josaphat's Parish of
1552:of 1863–1865 against the
1420:Ruthenian Catholic Church
1307:
552:Great Hetman of the Crown
487:Eastern Catholic Churches
459:Eastern Catholic Churches
385:
340:
265:Ruthenian Catholic Church
67:
56:
3913:Eastern Catholic writers
3270:Catholic Church (1969).
3125:Taft, Robert F. (2013).
2966:
2415:Bain, R. Nisbet (1908).
2294:Subtelny, Orest (2009).
1705:, he is patron saint of
1628:Basilica of St. Josaphat
1599:Basilica of St. Josaphat
1533:continue to observe the
1531:Traditionalist Catholics
1233:. Never eating meat, he
703:Although descended from
658:religious discrimination
590:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
3948:Eastern Catholic saints
3665:Encyclopedia of Ukraine
3486:Gudzjak, Borys (2001).
3464:"St. Josaphat Kuncevyc"
3034:Plokhy, Serhii (2006).
2451:Davies, Norman (1982).
2205:Wilson, Andrew (2011).
2118:. According to Himka, "
2102:On Monks and their Vows
1840:List of Catholic saints
1764:and is critical of the
1738:Russian Orthodox Church
1730:Traditionalist Catholic
1721:Society of St. Josaphat
1671:St. Josaphat Parish in
939:liturgical Latinisation
698:Eastern Orthodox Church
662:Metropolitanate of Kiev
624:Ecumenical Patriarchate
463:Ecumenical Patriarchate
455:Eastern Orthodox Church
436:Ruthenian Uniate Church
319:The St Leonards academy
81:Ruthenian Uniate Church
3618:Butler, Alban (2000).
3575:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
3524:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
2967:История Русской Церкви
2239:Kempa, Tomasz (2010).
1830:Josaphata Hordashevska
1762:Second Vatican Council
1602:
1525:
1517:
1505:General Roman Calendar
1136:Saint Peter's Basilica
1130:followed in 1643, but
1104:
1089:
928:Archeparchy of Polotsk
651:
617:
477:, by signing the 1596
406:
398:
368:Episcopal consecration
96:Archeparchy of Polotsk
3686:Archbishop of Polotsk
3653:Patron Saints Index:
3469:Catholic Encyclopedia
1758:Society of St. Pius X
1734:religious persecution
1673:Cheektowaga, New York
1596:
1358:Volhynian Voivodeship
1140:Saint Basil the Great
1073:
897:Joseph Velamin-Rutski
865:Priest and Archbishop
746:Josyf Veliamyn Rutsky
686:Volhynian Voivodeship
404:
396:
330:Ordination history of
196:Volhynian Voivodeship
2894:AmericanCatholic.org
2583:"On the Euchologion"
2367:Eastern Christianity
1649:in Chicago, Illinois
1632:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
1558:Russophile Ruthenian
1267:religious conversion
1183:improve this section
1047:the Orthodox Church,
924:coadjutor archeparch
578:metropolitan of Kiev
32:Barlaam and Josaphat
3661:Josaphat Kuntsevych
3272:Calendarium Romanum
3212:2027/wu.89077090520
2567:2027/ucm.5317972342
1952:Konstanty Ostrogski
1832:- Foundress of the
1385:Vitebsk Voivodeship
1338:Josaphat Kuntsevych
1024:Meletius Smotrytsky
818:Spiritual direction
731:religious education
606:and were known as "
586:Vilnius Voivodeship
475:Council of Florence
410:Josaphat Kuntsevych
353:Priestly ordination
334:Josaphat Kuntsevych
224:Vitebsk Voivodeship
163:by Archeparch
45:Josaphat Kuntsevych
18:Josephat Kuntsevich
2864:Catholic Hierarchy
2571:sive, uti vocant,
2479:"The Word 'Uniate'
2297:Ukraine: a history
2017:Walerian Krasiński
1750:Ukrainian diaspora
1603:
1501:Gregorian Calendar
1271:Patriarch Ignatius
1090:
705:Ruthenian nobility
538:'s policy for the
536:Sigismund III Vasa
407:
399:
165:Gedeon Brolnitskyj
129:Gedeon Brolnitskyj
3857:
3856:
3702:
3701:
3693:Succeeded by
3673:Religious titles
2620:978-0-8108-4914-3
2607:"Brest, Union of"
2553:Pope Benedict XIV
2542:Pope Benedict XIV
2248:Sarmatia Europaea
2052:Bain noted that,
2021:Tsardom of Russia
1878:. It was granted
1455:
1454:
1392:Venerated in
1378:November 12, 1623
1273:, of Moscow, and
1219:
1218:
1211:
604:Eastern Catholics
391:
390:
387:
381:
380:
377:November 12, 1617
323:
322:
281:Bishop and martyr
217:November 12, 1623
16:(Redirected from
3995:
3963:Incorrupt saints
3893:Kuncewicz family
3728:
3721:
3714:
3705:
3696:Antonius Sielava
3690:1618–1623
3678:Preceded by
3670:
3637:
3614:
3597:
3586:
3572:
3551:
3540:
3520:
3501:
3473:
3455:
3454:
3444:
3443:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3400:
3394:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3254:
3246:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3167:978-0-91483458-8
3151:
3145:
3144:
3140:978-0-82325192-6
3122:
3116:
3115:
3111:978-1-44269879-6
3095:
3086:
3085:
3081:978-0-81087847-1
3063:
3052:
3051:
3047:978-1-13945892-4
3031:
3025:
3024:
3020:978-0-77351812-4
3008:
2994:
2975:
2974:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2900:
2886:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2857:
2851:
2844:
2838:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2813:
2807:
2806:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2776:
2769:
2763:
2756:
2750:
2743:
2737:
2730:
2724:
2717:
2711:
2704:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2666:
2657:
2656:
2636:
2625:
2624:
2602:
2591:
2590:
2579:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2482:
2475:
2469:
2468:
2448:
2433:
2432:
2408:
2407:
2402:
2389:
2388:
2358:
2349:
2342:
2336:
2335:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2307:978-1-44269728-7
2291:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2264:
2245:
2236:
2223:
2222:
2202:
2187:
2186:
2183:mci.archpitt.org
2175:
2166:
2157:
2139:
2136:Walerian Kalinka
2133:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2086:
2080:
2070:
2064:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2037:
2031:
2014:
2008:
2001:
1995:
1973:
1967:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1889:
1883:
1880:Magdeburg rights
1860:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1572:
1550:January Uprising
1528:
1522:
1498:
1377:
1375:
1351:
1348:
1312:
1288:
1280:
1254:liturgical books
1214:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1163:
1155:
1052:
1048:
1003:God's Playground
992:church buildings
713:Kuncewicz family
670:
643:
567:
548:Grand Chancellor
422:
419:
347:
342:
335:
331:
325:
238:
216:
214:
188:
185:
171:Personal details
161:12 November 1617
139:Antonius Sielava
120:
118:
72:
37:
21:
4003:
4002:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3992:
3968:Basilian saints
3863:
3862:
3860:
3858:
3853:
3846:
3738:
3734:Bishops of the
3732:
3698:
3689:
3681:
3644:
3634:
3617:
3600:
3588:
3570:
3565:
3544:"Ecclesiam Dei"
3542:
3518:
3516:"Ecclesiam Dei"
3513:
3498:
3485:
3481:
3479:Further reading
3476:
3461:
3452:
3447:
3440:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3415:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3388:
3384:
3374:
3372:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3351:
3334:
3333:
3329:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3247:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3193:
3184:
3182:
3175:
3168:
3153:
3152:
3148:
3141:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3065:
3064:
3055:
3048:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3021:
2996:
2995:
2978:
2968:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2932:
2923:
2921:
2908:
2898:
2896:
2888:
2887:
2878:
2868:
2866:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2845:
2841:
2832:
2828:
2815:
2814:
2810:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2783:
2779:
2770:
2766:
2757:
2753:
2744:
2740:
2731:
2727:
2718:
2714:
2705:
2701:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2668:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2638:
2637:
2628:
2621:
2604:
2603:
2594:
2581:
2551:
2540:, for example,
2535:
2531:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2465:
2450:
2449:
2436:
2414:
2405:
2403:
2392:
2385:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2343:
2339:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2308:
2293:
2292:
2277:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2243:
2238:
2237:
2226:
2219:
2204:
2203:
2190:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2158:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2127:
2125:Alphonse Guépin
2113:
2109:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2071:
2067:
2060:
2056:
2051:
2047:
2038:
2034:
2015:
2011:
2005:Stephen Báthory
2002:
1998:
1988:northern Europe
1974:
1970:
1956:voivode of Kiev
1948:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1890:
1886:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1819:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1792:
1774:
1766:Mass of Paul VI
1723:
1654:Bayside, Queens
1617:
1591:
1566:
1496:
1494:Julian Calendar
1488:celebrates his
1463:Pope Urban VIII
1457:After numerous
1439:
1396:Catholic Church
1379:
1373:
1371:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1344:
1303:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1286:
1274:
1215:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1180:
1164:
1153:
1148:
1083:National Museum
1068:
1050:
1046:
1030:, the visiting
867:
766:
721:Church Slavonic
678:
664:
637:
599:
561:
544:Catholic Church
532:
527:
507:Catholic Church
420:
369:
354:
345:
336:
333:
332:
329:
307:
305:
295:Pope Urban VIII
292:
290:
268:
218:
212:
210:
202:
189:
186:
182:
181:
162:
116:
114:
52:
47:
46:
43:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4001:
3999:
3991:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3903:Archimandrites
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3865:
3864:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3733:
3731:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3708:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3691:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3668:
3667:
3658:
3655:Saint Josaphat
3650:
3643:
3642:External links
3640:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3615:
3598:
3587:Translated in
3558:'s encyclical
3552:
3541:Translated in
3508:'s encyclical
3502:
3496:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3474:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3439:978-1363243402
3438:
3420:
3413:
3395:
3382:
3356:
3349:
3327:
3302:
3277:
3262:
3225:
3173:
3166:
3146:
3139:
3117:
3110:
3087:
3080:
3053:
3046:
3026:
3019:
2976:
2950:
2906:
2890:"St. Josaphat"
2876:
2852:
2839:
2826:
2808:
2790:
2777:
2764:
2751:
2738:
2725:
2712:
2699:
2686:
2679:
2658:
2651:
2626:
2619:
2592:
2580:Translated in
2555:(1756-03-01).
2529:
2500:
2470:
2463:
2434:
2390:
2383:
2350:
2337:
2313:
2306:
2275:
2224:
2217:
2188:
2167:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2107:
2081:
2065:
2045:
2041:Spiridon Sobol
2032:
2028:Ottoman Empire
2009:
1996:
1992:Constantinople
1968:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1884:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1825:
1824:
1808:
1805:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1773:
1770:
1740:, founded the
1727:Byzantine Rite
1722:
1719:
1699:
1698:
1695:
1685:
1679:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1650:
1644:
1634:
1616:
1613:
1590:
1587:
1554:Russian Empire
1509:Saint Martin I
1453:
1452:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1423:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1259:Divine Liturgy
1217:
1216:
1167:
1165:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1067:
1064:
1028:Theophanes III
983:Divine Liturgy
866:
863:
845:Last Judgement
822:Union of Brest
793:Desert Fathers
786:religious name
765:
762:
758:Byzantine Rite
677:
674:
673:
672:
631:
597:Union of Brest
595:Main article:
574:Michael Rohoza
570:Union of Brest
531:
528:
526:
523:
479:Union of Brest
467:Constantinople
389:
388:
383:
382:
379:
378:
375:
371:
370:
367:
364:
363:
360:
356:
355:
352:
349:
348:
338:
337:
328:
321:
320:
317:
313:
312:
302:
298:
297:
287:
283:
282:
279:
278:Title as Saint
275:
274:
249:
245:
244:
240:
239:
232:
228:
227:
208:
204:
203:
190:
179:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
159:
155:
154:
151:
147:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
78:
74:
73:
65:
64:
54:
53:
48:
44:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4000:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3868:
3861:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3737:
3729:
3724:
3722:
3717:
3715:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3697:
3688:
3687:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3635:
3633:9780814623879
3629:
3625:
3621:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3595:
3591:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3556:Pope Pius XII
3553:
3549:
3545:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3526:
3525:
3517:
3511:
3510:Ecclesiam Dei
3507:
3503:
3499:
3497:9780916458928
3493:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3471:
3470:
3465:
3459:
3458:public domain
3450:
3449:
3441:
3435:
3431:
3424:
3421:
3416:
3414:9780810878471
3410:
3406:
3399:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3352:
3350:9780199596607
3346:
3342:
3338:
3331:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3314:
3306:
3303:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3281:
3278:
3273:
3266:
3263:
3258:
3252:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3229:
3226:
3221:
3217:
3213:
3209:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3191:
3190:public domain
3180:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3150:
3147:
3142:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3121:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3083:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3049:
3043:
3039:
3038:
3030:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3012:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2972:
2964:
2960:
2954:
2951:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2930:
2929:public domain
2919:
2917:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2883:
2881:
2877:
2865:
2862:
2856:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2812:
2809:
2804:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2787:
2781:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2709:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2687:
2682:
2680:9780875804071
2676:
2672:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2654:
2652:9782600038942
2648:
2644:
2643:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2558:Ex quo primum
2554:
2549:
2548:
2547:Ex quo primum
2543:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2492:
2488:
2484:
2474:
2471:
2466:
2464:0-231-05350-9
2460:
2456:
2455:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2411:public domain
2401:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2386:
2384:9780521811132
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2338:
2333:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2220:
2218:9780300134353
2214:
2210:
2209:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2137:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2117:
2111:
2108:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2069:
2066:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1946:
1943:
1937:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1872:Dnieper River
1869:
1868:Daugava River
1865:
1859:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1821:Saints portal
1811:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1661:Rochester, NY
1658:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1605:According to
1600:
1595:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1579:Russification
1576:
1570:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1432:November 25 (
1431:
1428:
1425:November 14 (
1424:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1410:November 12 (
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1341:Ivan Kunchych
1340:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1237:much, wore a
1236:
1232:
1228:
1223:
1213:
1210:
1202:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1168:This section
1166:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1128:Beatification
1125:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1094:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1079:Józef Simmler
1077:(c. 1861) by
1076:
1072:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1005:
1004:
999:
998:Norman Davies
995:
993:
988:
985:for those of
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
964:
959:
957:
953:
949:
944:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
921:
916:
912:
910:
906:
901:
898:
894:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
864:
862:
860:
855:
852:
850:
846:
842:
838:
833:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
814:
808:
806:
802:
798:
794:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
763:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
734:
732:
728:
727:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
701:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
675:
668:
663:
659:
655:
653:
649:
641:
636:
632:
629:
625:
621:
619:
615:
609:
605:
601:
600:
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
565:
560:
556:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
529:
524:
522:
520:
516:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:anti-Catholic
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
426:
415:
411:
403:
397:Family shield
395:
384:
376:
372:
365:
361:
357:
350:
343:
339:
326:
318:
314:
311:
304:June 29, 1867
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1467:canonization
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1284:Canonization
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1227:prostrations
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452:
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405:Coat of Arms
310:Pope Pius IX
289:May 16, 1643
253:Latin Church
231:Coat of arms
158:Consecration
3878:1623 deaths
2128: [
2076:in absentia
2057: 1632
1801:Lew Sapieha
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1746:modernistic
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1560:newspaper,
1497:November 12
1350: 1580
1326:Hieromartyr
1277:Palaeologus
1263:confessions
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1000:alleged in
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920:consecrated
797:Roman Egypt
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3375:13 October
3337:"Josaphat"
2269:2014-12-02
2145:References
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1874:along the
1752:since the
1668:in Detroit
1656:, New York
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1374:1623-11-12
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1239:hair shirt
1120:conspiracy
1109:wrote, in
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887:Ruthenians
826:Calvinists
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1797:liturgies
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3369:narod.hr
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1980:junction
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1296:Josaphat
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926:for the
879:ordained
837:nobility
709:szlachta
692:(now in
652:dysunici
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457:and the
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1982:of key
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