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387:, which he later served as president of for the 1893-1894 term. Larned impressed his new colleagues and Dewey later said he was one of the country's best librarians. His interest in cataloging continued. He later developed a system for classifying newspaper clippings and pamphlets and an alternative system for classifying books, but these were not adopted by libraries.
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from politics. He was unable to make most of his changes and was frustrated with political interference, writing in one of his annual reports "I know of no other important city in the country in which the government of the schools is not separated from the general organization of municipal government and committed to a board of education."
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Larned's push for accessibility, coupled with a financial crisis for the
Library when the Young Men's Association lost a state tax exemption, culminated in 1897 with the Buffalo Library becoming a free public library. Once the library was under the control of the city of Buffalo, however, Larned, who
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or mailing in articles while on lecture tours. When he was there, he smoked ever-present cigars and had a desk opposite Larned. Twain steadfastly avoided writing about politics, leaving the task to Larned, of whom he said "I shall not often meddle with politics because we have a political editor who
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Larned was elected
Superintendent of Education in Buffalo in 1871 and served two terms. He pressed significant changes, including increased teacher education, availability of technical and vocational training, the teaching of German to serve immigrant populations, and the independence of education
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Larned adopted new innovations that made his library more accessible to library patrons. He had open stacks which allowed patrons to browse the collection themselves, prominently displayed new books, organized a lecture series, and opened the library to non-subscribers on Sunday afternoons. He
313:. The paper reported the names of the nominees but Twain added in the accompanying editorial "comment on the ticket will have to be postponed till the other young man gets home." Twain left the newspaper in 1871 and eventually sold his share at a significant loss.
418:(1895). Children were a particular focus of his outreach. He distributed free library tickets to children, opened one of the first library children's rooms in the US in 1896, and compiled a bibliography of children's literature.
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Larned was focused on the quality of the collection, advocating standards of quality and against purchasing what he thought were inferior publications, such as "unwholesome newspapers". "Our tools are not books, but
208:(May 11, 1836 – August 15, 1913) was an American newspaper editor, author, librarian, and historian. As superintendent of the Young Men's Association Library, he presided over its transformation into what is now the
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and organization, due to the rapid growth of the collection and the fact that the previous catalog was seven years old. Traveling to libraries in the region to research classification systems, he met
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with $ 25,000 borrowed from his future father-in-law, Jervis
Langdon. Twain wrote for the paper, producing features and editorials mostly on local issues. He was seldom in the newspaper office,
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Vol. 6 of
History for Ready Reference: From the Best Historians, Biographers, and Specialists, Their Own Words in a Complete System of History (revised ed.). C.A. Nichols Company
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The Young Men's
Association of the City of Buffalo was founded on February 22, 1836 (the year of Larned's birth) "for mutual improvement in literature and science." They soon founded a
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to adopt the system, which is now universal in public libraries in the US. Adopting the new system and presenting his experiences introduced him to other professionals and the new
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is already excellent and who only needs a term in the penitentiary to be perfect." On one occasion, Larned was at the state
Republican convention, leaving Twain in charge of the
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and creating an annotated bibliography of
American history, completing it in 1902. He wrote for a series of articles criticizing government corruption and socialism in the
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Larned had an active retirement after leaving the
Buffalo Library, writing, traveling, and lecturing. He continted to be active in librarianship, writing articles for the
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disliked political interference, clashed with the
Library Board and soon resigned, to the disappointment of the city and the library profession.
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232:, when he was twelve and he was educated in public schools there until he was sixteen. After his schooling, he worked as a bookkeeper for a
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History for Ready
Reference: From the Best Historians, Biographers, and Specialists; Their Own Words in a Complete System of History ...
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organized a system for providing quick answers to frequently asked reference questions that became the genesis of his book
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Talks About Labor; Concerning the Evolution of Justice Between the Laborers and the Capitalists
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books," he said in an ALA address. He cooperated with other libraries in a system devised by
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Young, Betty (October 1975). "Josephus Nelson Larned and the Public Library Movement".
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228:, Canada, the son of Henry Sherwood Larned and Mary Ann Nelson. His family moved to
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Smith, Elizabeth W. (1978). "Josephus Nelson Larned". In Wynar, Bohdan S. (ed.).
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711:"Finding Aid for the Young Men's Association of the City of Buffalo, 1837-1889"
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336:. That year he also unsuccessfully ran for the Republican nomination for the
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713:. Archives & Manuscript Collections, University at Buffalo Libraries,
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In 1861, Larned married Frances A. K. McCrea and they had three children.
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to share lists of new books accompanied by quotations from book reviews.
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and a clerk for two transportation companies. In 1857, he moved west to
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Larned soon discovered that the collection was in desperate need of
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causes and was the first president of the Buffalo branch of the
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Two years later, in 1859, Larned joined another newspaper, the
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Reiley, Alan Campbell (1901). Larned, Josephus Nelson (ed.).
741:"J.N. Larned: Journalist, Educator, Librarian, Historian"
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University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
528:. Littleton, CO: Libraries Unlimited. pp. 301–305.
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379:. Larned's library was the first outside Dewey's
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797:President of the American Library Association
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642:. In J.R. LeMaster, James D. Wilson (ed.).
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644:The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain
526:Dictionary of American Library Biography
444:Seventy Centuries of the Life of Mankind
210:Buffalo & Erie County Public Library
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638:Reigstad, Thomas J. (13 May 2013).
782:Non-profit organization positions
739:Jewell, Dennis (3 February 2023).
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1622:Journalists from New York (state)
392:Young Men's Christian Association
582:Dictionary of American Biography
282:and his opinions were generally
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1617:Education in Buffalo, New York
1607:Writers from Buffalo, New York
683:The Journal of Library History
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646:. Routledge. pp. 104–5.
352:Buffalo Library, designed by
850:American Library Association
385:American Library Association
773:History for ready reference
555:American National Biography
416:History for Ready Reference
300:purchased one-third of the
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612:Olmstead, John B. (1915).
579:"Josephus Nelson Larned."
375:and learned about his new
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745:Western New York Heritage
446:(1907). He was active in
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1602:People from Chatham-Kent
614:"Josephus Nelson Larned"
550:"Josephus Nelson Larned"
587:Charles Scribner's Sons
560:Oxford University Press
548:Adams, Ruth F. (1999).
338:New York State Assembly
759:Josephus Nelson Larned
456:Orchard Park, New York
452:American Peace Society
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324:Education and politics
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206:Josephus Nelson Larned
23:Josephus Nelson Larned
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170:Henry Sherwood Larned
591:Biography in Context
377:Dewey Decimal System
362:subscription library
143:Frances A. K. McCrea
593:. Web. 8 Dec. 2013.
408:Charles Ammi Cutter
396:Cyrus L. W. Eidlitz
354:Cyrus L. W. Eidlitz
344:The Buffalo Library
220:Larned was born in
16:American journalist
807:Henry Munson Utley
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260:Mark Twain in 1871
78:Henry Munson Utley
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804:Succeeded by
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767:Larned, J. N. at
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640:"Buffalo Express"
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230:Buffalo, New York
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327:
317:
315:
310:
301:
295:
292:
279:
273:
271:
250:
241:
219:
205:
204:
127:Orchard Park
122:(1913-08-15)
103:May 11, 1836
73:Succeeded by
66:Melvil Dewey
50:
1592:1913 deaths
1587:1836 births
1541:W. K. Brown
1536:Garcia-Febo
1151:C. H. Brown
1026:W. L. Brown
911:H. M. Utley
448:world peace
61:Preceded by
1581:Categories
1426:Somerville
1126:M. G. Wyer
1111:Countryman
1056:G.B. Utley
1031:Montgomery
996:J. I. Wyer
966:Richardson
891:Linderfelt
846:Presidents
801:1893–1894
565:6 December
488:References
426:Retirement
398:, opened.
369:cataloging
298:Mark Twain
284:Republican
216:Early life
181:Occupation
99:1836-05-11
1561:Drabinski
1546:Jefferson
1511:Stripling
1396:Dougherty
1286:McDonough
1281:Mohrhardt
1236:Greenaway
1211:Ludington
1186:McDiarmid
1106:Lydenberg
1001:Elmendorf
458:in 1913.
320:in 1872.
188:Librarian
55:1893–1894
51:In office
1506:Sullivan
1456:Freedman
1411:Franklin
1381:Chisholm
1346:Sullivan
1296:Bradshaw
1266:Castagna
1221:Richards
1176:Rothrock
1171:Ulveling
1136:Ferguson
1101:Rathbone
1061:Jennings
1011:Anderson
981:Bostwick
951:Billings
941:Thwaites
896:Fletcher
720:21 April
696:25540655
589:, 1936.
286:and pro-
131:New York
112:, Canada
1521:Feldman
1501:Raphael
1496:Stevens
1446:Kranich
1401:Schuman
1386:Summers
1376:Minudri
1361:Sheldon
1356:Nemeyer
1216:Mumford
1156:Metcalf
1116:Compton
1086:Eastman
1021:Plummer
1016:Wellman
976:Andrews
876:Crunden
848:of the
624:: 1–34.
478:1 April
318:Express
311:Express
302:Express
280:Express
226:Ontario
222:Chatham
164:Parents
158:
150:
146:
110:Ontario
106:Chatham
1526:Todaro
1486:Rettig
1476:Burger
1471:Gorman
1461:Hayden
1436:Symons
1421:Turock
1416:Curley
1406:Miller
1391:Berger
1341:Galvin
1321:Martin
1316:Holley
1311:Lowrie
1271:Vosper
1261:Wagman
1251:Morton
1241:Powell
1231:Morsch
1196:Graham
1161:Warren
1146:Culver
1131:Craver
1121:Wilson
1096:Strohm
1071:Belden
1041:Hadley
1036:Bishop
1006:Legler
991:Hodges
961:Putnam
956:Hosmer
931:Putnam
926:Winsor
906:Larned
871:Cutter
861:Winsor
694:
650:
192:writer
138:Spouse
1516:Young
1491:Alire
1451:Berry
1371:Lynch
1366:Josey
1351:Stone
1336:Shank
1326:Jones
1306:Laich
1276:Gaver
1256:Bryan
1246:Spain
1206:Downs
1091:Keogh
1081:Roden
1076:Locke
1066:Meyer
1046:Tyler
986:Gould
921:Brett
901:Dewey
886:Green
881:Dewey
866:Poole
775:items
692:JSTOR
462:Works
288:Union
152:(
148:
1566:Hohl
1551:Wong
1531:Neal
1441:Long
1431:Ford
1331:Moon
1301:Doms
1226:Shaw
1201:Fyan
1191:Lord
1181:Rice
1166:Vitz
1141:Munn
1051:Root
971:Hill
946:Carr
936:Lane
916:Dana
722:2014
648:ISBN
567:2013
480:2013
404:good
238:Iowa
117:Died
93:Born
1481:Roy
1291:Dix
761:at
1583::
743:.
688:10
686:.
662:^
630:^
622:19
620:.
616:.
598:^
558:.
552:.
534:^
496:^
290:.
246:.
224:,
212:.
154:m.
129:,
108:,
838:e
831:t
824:v
724:.
698:.
656:.
569:.
482:.
101:)
97:(
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