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496:. In May 1918, Dowbor-Muśnicki was forced to sign an agreement with Germany that led to the disarmament and effective dissolution of the Corps by July 1918, at which point he moved to Poland. The agreement was criticized by some pro-independence Polish politicians, but it preserved the core of the Polish military, which proved decisive later that year.
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During his service as the commander in chief of the
Uprising, Dowbor-Muśnicki was responsible for almost complete reorganization of what was started as a para-military partisan force. He introduced conscription and mobilized eleven classes of recruits and reformed the partisans into divisions. During
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and
Germany's promises of autonomy in occupied Poland stirred up long suppressed nationalist feelings among ethnic Poles living within the Russian Empire. Roughly 700,000 of them were serving in the Russian military by 1917 and they began forming a Polish army to fight for a "united and free Poland"
552:
in which the Poles managed to capture the airfield, the
Greater Polish Army was the fourth force in the world in number of aeroplanes available. Dowbor-Muśnicki focused also on political matters and strived for political neutrality of the forces under his command, which made him demobilize some of
567:, the forces of the Greater Poland Uprising were separated from the Polish Army and were thought of as a separate entity. Because of that, he opposed drafting Poles from Greater Poland into the Polish Army and sending them to the fronts of the
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In the immediate aftermath of the
February Revolution, Dowbor-Muśnicki continued his military career and was appointed commander of the XXXVIIIth Corps on 28 April 1917 and made Lieutenant General on 5 May 1917. In the meantime, however, the
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492:. After the signing of the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty, which gave all of Poland and Belarus to Germany, Dowbor-Muśnicki's corps remained in Belarus for 3 months, regrouping and performing police duties under
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that ended World War I in
November 1918, Dowbor-Muśnicki helped organize a new Polish army around the disbanded 1st Corps and its officers. On 6 January 1919 he was nominated by the
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627:, the post was offered to Dowbor-Muśnicki, who refused. Having no further assignments, in March 1920 he resigned all his posts in the army and settled in Lusowo and then in
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308:), who settled in Sandomierz during the 17th century. Józef was the younger brother of Konstanty, also a lieutenant general. Their mother was Antonina née Wierzbicki.
375:, Dowbor-Muśnicki was put in command of the 14th Siberian Infantry Regiment. On 3 September 1915 Dowbor-Muśnicki, by then a general, was assigned to the staff of the
579:. However, after the area was peacefully transferred to Poland, his plans were made obsolete. Despite the conflict, on 19 March 1919 he was promoted to the rank of
583:, the highest rank of the Polish forces at that time. Finally, after the end of hostilities, on 19 October 1919 the Dowbor-Muśnicki's forces were merged with
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To some extent Dowbor-Muśnicki was conflicted with the Polish
General Staff. Due to difficult diplomatic situation of Poland during the early stages of the
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to power, but Dowbor-Muśnicki was able to take advantage of the new government's weakness and general anarchy to form 3 divisions in
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955:, edited by Spencer C, Tucker, Laura M. Wood, Justin D. Murphy, Garland Science, Garland Reference Library of the Humanities, 1996,
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his command, the
Greater Polish Army grew from merely 20,000 to over 100,000 soldiers, well-armed and well-equipped. After the
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Polish nobility of evangelical reformed denomination. Dowbor received his basic education in the
Nikolayevskiy Cadet Corps (
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negotiations on
February 10, Dowbor-Muśnicki joined the German offensive against the Bolsheviks on February 18 and took
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as a staff officer with the First
Siberian Corps. On 11 September 1906 he was appointed a senior staff adjutant of the
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The grave stone commemorating Agnieszka Dowbor-Muśnicka and her sister Janina at the family tomb in Lusów cemetery.
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in the 1930s, while both daughters were executed during World War II. Agnieszka, who was an active member of the
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61:
383:. He was temporarily put in charge of the staff of the Russian 1st Army on 17 January 1917, 5 weeks before the
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635:
of 1926, he did not rejoin the army during the internal struggle. Instead, he focused on writing his memoirs,
304:. His father was Roman Muśnicki, the owner of Garbów, descended from the Lithuanian Dowborów (Daubor) family (
611:
Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki remained the commander of the so-called Greater Poland Front until the outbreak of the
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379:. On 25 February 1916 he was put in charge of the 123rd Infantry Division and on 7 November 1916 of the
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575:. Instead, he envisioned an offensive towards north which would spread the Uprising to the lands of
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532:, as the new commanding officer of all the Polish forces in the area. Two days later he arrived to
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appointed Dowbor-Muśnicki Commissar of the Petrograd Military District and on August 23 (
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declined to take the post of the commanding officer of the Ukrainian Front from General
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Kto byl kto v Pervoi mirovoi voine : biograficheskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar´.
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government to disband the Corps, which quickly led to clashes with the newly formed
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335:) in 1888. After serving in the Fanagorisky Grenadiers regiment, he studied at the
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Dowbor-Muśnicki had two sons, Giedymin and Olgierd, and two daughters, Janina and
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407:'s obvious weakness, its half-hearted declaration of the right of nations to
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on 26 October 1937 and was buried at the family tomb at the local cemetery.
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with the assent of the Provisional Government. In August, the newly formed
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Part of monument of Polish insurgents of Greater Poland Uprising in Poznań
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923:"Agnieszka Dowbor-Muśnicka | #M2WSwirtualnie | Muzeum II Wojny Światowej"
493:
473:
461:
260:; 25 October 1867 – 26 October 1937) was a Russian military officer and
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and on 21 April 1912 he was appointed to the same position with the
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12 January] 1918, Dowbor-Muśnicki refused an order by the
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and on January 16 he officially assumed his post, replacing Major
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In 1884 he joined the Russian military and graduated from the 2nd
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the leftist and rightist officers. He also disbanded the leftist
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Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class
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692:
388:
29:
1039:
Polish generals in the Imperial Russian Army of World War I
953:
The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia
1074:
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree
679:, was arrested by the German occupiers, tortured in the
355:. On 9 November 1910 he became chief of staff of the
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Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
424:. The reorganization process was complicated by the
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199:
191:
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94:
1064:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd class
615:, after which he resigned his post and applied to
420:) he was appointed commander of the newly formed
1054:Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919) participants
824:, First Class with Swords (1916, Russian Empire)
528:, the temporary ruling body of the province of
1069:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
835:First Class with Swords (1916, Russian Empire)
1034:Polish generals of the Second Polish Republic
484:forces. After the temporary breakdown of the
8:
1079:Honorary companions of the Order of the Bath
351:and on 2 March 1908, a staff officer of the
272:. He was also the military commander of the
448:Monument to Dowbor-Muśnicki's men in Warsaw
323:Service in the Russian Military (1884–1914)
102:
91:
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
1084:Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery
1024:Polish Calvinist and Reformed Christians
949:, Poznan, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, 1988.
685:executed in the Palmiry mass murder site
544:against Germany in the disputed region.
414:Main Polish Military Executive Committee
43:This article includes a list of general
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288:(near Sandomierz) in an estate in the
966:Konstantin Aleksandrovich Zalesskii.
7:
785:3rd degree with swords and bow, 1913
763:4th degree with swords and bow, 1906
752:3rd degree with swords and bow, 1905
719:3rd degree with swords and bow, 1905
619:for a new assignment. After General
595:while at the same time the lands of
339:and graduated in 1902. He served in
691:was the only woman murdered by the
667:. Olgierd committed suicide before
1049:Polish I Corps in Russia personnel
631:near Poznań. Opposing Piłsudski's
599:were officially incorporated into
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
970:, Moscow, Astrel´ and AST, 2003,
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284:Dowbor-Muśnicki was born in the
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898:Dirmantas, St. (January 1959).
796:IV class (1915, Russian Empire)
311:His family traced its roots to
405:Russian Provisional Government
1:
1019:People from Radom Governorate
1014:People from Sandomierz County
508:Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki c. 1919
494:German occupation authorities
480:, where he was surrounded by
440:Against the Bolsheviks (1918)
1089:20th-century Polish nobility
1029:19th-century Polish nobility
989:Online Biography (in Polish)
774:2nd degree with swords, 1906
741:2nd degree with swords, 1905
300:that was then a part of the
844:Order of the Crown of Italy
1105:
900:"MUMS PRIKIŠA, O PATYS..."
878:Order of the Double Dragon
811:Golden Sword of St. George
683:prison in Warsaw and then
426:October Revolution of 1917
422:Polish 1st Corps in Russia
264:general, serving with the
349:Irkutsk Military District
248:military; sometimes also
101:
671:, Giedymin emigrated to
526:Supreme People's Council
452:On 25 January [
258:Juozapas Musnikų Daubaro
947:General Dowbor-Muśnicki
833:Order of St. Stanislaus
739:Order of St. Stanislaus
717:Order of St. Stanislaus
542:Greater Poland Uprising
367:World War I (1914–1917)
306:Przyjaciel coat of arms
274:Greater Poland Uprising
228:Greater Poland Uprising
64:more precise citations.
27:Polish military officer
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565:Paris Peace Conference
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381:38th Infantry Division
357:10th Infantry Division
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186:Second Polish Republic
156:Second Polish Republic
868:, 2nd Class (Estonia)
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361:7th Infantry Division
337:General Staff Academy
238:Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki
192:Years of service
96:Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki
18:Jozef Dowbor-Musnicki
874:, 2nd Class (Latvia)
783:Order of St Vladimir
761:Order of St Vladimir
613:Polish-Bolshevik War
573:Polish-Bolshevik War
569:Polish-Ukrainian War
466:Red Latvian riflemen
371:At the beginning of
880:, 3rd class (China)
846:, 3rd class (Italy)
805:Order of St. George
794:Order of St. George
625:Wacław Iwaszkiewicz
621:Stanisław Szeptycki
500:Against the Germans
486:Brest-Litovsk peace
385:February Revolution
689:Janina Lewandowska
661:
518:
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409:self-determination
345:Russo-Japanese War
216:Russo-Japanese War
907:(in Lithuanian).
857:, (Great Britain)
855:Order of the Bath
822:Order of St. Anne
807:, 3rd class, 1915
772:Order of St. Anne
750:Order of St. Anne
728:Order of St. Anne
677:Polish resistance
643:). He suffered a
436:by January 1918.
331:Military School (
329:Konstantinovskoye
290:Radom Governorate
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128:Radom Governorate
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538:Stanisław Taczak
428:, which brought
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333:Saint Petersburg
317:Saint Petersburg
266:Imperial Russian
242:Iosif Romanovich
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1009:1937 deaths
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963:, page 223.
929:(in Polish)
698:during the
633:Coup d'État
593:Polish Army
540:during the
392:Nicholas II
373:World War I
343:during the
230:(1918–1919)
220:World War I
62:introducing
998:Categories
983:5170196709
933:2021-02-12
885:References
641:My Memoirs
607:Retirement
555:soldiers'
520:After the
430:Bolsheviks
280:Early life
254:Lithuanian
162:Allegiance
117:1867-10-25
45:references
872:War Cross
665:Agnieszka
589:Blue Army
577:Pomerania
522:armistice
418:Old Style
353:Xth Corps
341:Manchuria
268:and then
203:General (
195:1884–1920
687:, while
629:Batorowo
591:and the
571:and the
557:councils
474:Bobruisk
462:Red Army
313:medieval
152:Batorowo
70:May 2012
434:Belarus
246:Russian
58:improve
981:
974:
959:
813:, 1915
706:Honors
693:Soviet
681:Pawiak
673:France
651:Family
601:Poland
534:Poznań
482:German
478:Slutsk
468:under
458:Soviet
298:Poland
286:Garbów
262:Polish
183:
171:
124:Garbów
47:, but
904:Karys
490:Minsk
979:ISBN
972:ISBN
957:ISBN
911:: 4.
696:NKVD
476:and
464:and
454:O.S.
389:Tsar
319:).
200:Rank
142:Died
111:Born
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