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117:. Descriptive proverbs and poetical sayings in Hawaiian oral tradition also use the word, in an allusive sense, to mean a place where life or culture endures, regardless of any encroachment or interference. By extension, from the appearance of island "patches" within a highly contrasted background, any similarly noticeable variation or change of form, such as an opening in a forest, or a clear place in a congested setting, may be colloquially called
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that provide visual contrast as well as habitat for animals in an otherwise inhospitable environment. In volcanic landscapes, kīpukas play an important role as biological reservoirs or refugia for plants and animals, from which the covered land can be recolonized.
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as it moves downslope or spreads from its source. Older and more weathered than their surroundings, kīpukas often appear to be like islands within a sea of lava flows. They are often covered with
442:
Craddock, Elysse M.; Johnson, Walter E. (1979). "Genetic
Variation in Hawaiian Drosophila. V. Chromosomal and Allozymic Diversity in Drosophila Silvestris and Its Homosequential Species".
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Flaspohler, David J.; Giardina, Asner; Hart, Price; Lyons, Castaneda (2010). "Long-term effects of fragmentation and fragment properties on bird species richness in
Hawaiian forests".
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age and successional characteristics, but are often isolated-enough from their neighbors to provide meaningful, comparable differences in size,
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populations inhabit kīpukas, making kīpukas useful for understanding the fragmented population structure and
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398:"Biotic resistance to an invasive spider conferred by generalist insectivorous birds on Hawaiʻi Island"
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have served as the natural laboratory for a variety of studies, examining ecological principles like
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Listen but don't ask question: Hawaiian slack key guitar across the
Transpacific
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in a system (isolated by the same lava flow) will tend to have uniform
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247:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. pp. 442–446.
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flows. A kīpuka forms when lava flows on either side of a
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Green kīpukas surrounded by brown lava flows erupted from
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Area of land surrounded by one or more younger lava flows
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is an area of land surrounded by one or more younger
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149:, etc. They are also receptive to experimental
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199: – Volcanic cone in the Island of Hawaii
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293:Hawaiian Language Dictionaries, Wehe²wiki².
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219:"Kīpuka - Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park"
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129:Kīpuka provides useful study sites for
23:A kīpuka surrounded by lava flows at
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245:Nā Kua'āina: Living Hawaiian culture
639:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
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525:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
456:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1979.tb04670.x
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133:research because they facilitate
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177:to invasiveness. In addition,
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324:10.1016/j.biocon.2009.10.009
217:U.S. National Park Service.
497:USGS Photo Glossary: Kipuka
243:McGregor, Davianna (2007).
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696:Hawaiian words and phrases
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396:Gruner, Daniel S. (2004).
337:Gruner, Daniel S. (2004).
574:This article related to
414:10.1007/s10530-004-2509-2
125:Significance to research
312:Biological Conservation
268:Fellezs, Kevin (2019).
75:ecological successional
635:-related article is a
185:reproductive isolation
109:that have entered the
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187:of this fly species.
180:Drosophila silvestris
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402:Biological Invasions
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89:Kīpuka, along with
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519:volcanology
223:www.nps.gov
159:Saddle Road
137:; multiple
135:replication
107:volcanology
65:, or older
680:Categories
576:topography
408:(3): 1–6.
228:5 December
204:References
151:treatments
131:ecological
78:vegetation
464:1558-5646
444:Evolution
427:22 August
381:22 August
367:1903/7108
143:substrate
85:Etymology
73:and late
67:lava dome
480:31190930
472:28568059
422:17911420
376:18812994
191:See also
147:invasion
103:Hawaiian
98:pāhoehoe
691:Ecology
633:ecology
346:Ecology
163:Hawaiʻi
115:geology
111:lexicon
32:Hawai`i
28:volcano
25:Kīlauea
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296:kīpuka
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173:, and
157:along
155:Kīpuka
139:kīpuka
119:kīpuka
101:, are
51:kīpuka
631:This
578:is a
517:This
476:S2CID
418:S2CID
372:S2CID
342:(PDF)
63:ridge
43:Iwate
637:stub
580:stub
523:stub
468:PMID
460:ISSN
429:2013
383:2013
274:ISBN
249:ISBN
230:2021
95:and
92:ʻaʻā
71:soil
59:hill
55:lava
452:doi
410:doi
362:hdl
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320:doi
316:143
161:on
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
