362:, which allowed scientists to eliminate certain systematic uncertainties that would be present if two different detector types were used. This dual-detector configuration allowed the comparison of the neutrino beam at the near detector with the neutrino beam at the far detector to determine if neutrinos had oscillated or not.
370:
The K2K collaboration consisted of roughly 130 physicists from 27 universities and research institutes from all over the world, listed below. The full list of scientists and their countries of origin is available on the
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276:. The muons were stopped at the end of the pipe, leaving a beam of muon neutrinos. The exact composition of the beam contained over 97% muon neutrinos, with the other 3% being made of electron neutrinos (
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in which both the source and detector were fully under experimenters' control. Previous experiments relied on neutrinos
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921:) (2006). "Observation of muon neutrino disappearance with the MINOS detectors in the NuMI neutrino beam".
531:) there had been a disappearance of muon neutrinos. Fitting the data under the oscillation hypothesis, the
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characteristics. This 1-kiloton "near detector" was a scaled-down version of the 50-kiloton
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876:"Erratum: Measurements of the Solar Neutrino Flux from Super-Kamiokande's First 300 Days"
350:("near detector") located at about 300 m from the aluminium target to determine the
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for the square of the mass difference between muon neutrinos and tau neutrinos was Î
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264:. These pions were then focused into a 200 m decay pipe, where they would
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664:"Long Baseline neutrino oscillation experiment, from KEK to Kamioka (K2K)"
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After they exited the pipe, the neutrinos went through a 1-kiloton
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The final K2K results found that at 99.9985% confidence (4.3
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target, and the resulting collisions produced a copious amount of
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151:, about 250 km away. The muon neutrinos travelled through
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The proton beam from the synchrotron was directed onto an
547:. This result is in good agreement with the previous
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43:that ran from June 1999 to November 2004. It used
1842:Neutrino detectors, experiments, and facilities
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802:High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
689:
687:
685:
668:High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
402:High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
63:. This was the first positive measurement of
8:
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462:State University of New York at Stony Brook
47:from a well-controlled and well-understood
2602:BNO (Baksan or Baxan Neutrino Observatory)
1963:
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1020:
1006:
998:
1405:The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
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842:
713:
636:
586:"Synthetic neutrinos appear to disappear"
577:
567:â the successor of the K2K experiment
437:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
7:
695:
611:"Neutrinos make a splash in Italy"
477:Autonomous University of Barcelona
25:
2566:Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment
412:Institute for Cosmic Ray Research
486:University of California, Irvine
213:). K2K however, focused only on
417:Institute for Nuclear Research
358:"far detector" located at the
1:
1883:LedermanâSchwartzâSteinberger
955:10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.191801
2622:List of neutrino experiments
1313:Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
1237:Supernova Cosmology Project
917:D.G. Michael; et al. (
903:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.4279
861:10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.1158
467:Tokyo University of Science
452:Sapienza University of Rome
386:Chonnam National University
295:), electron antineutrinos (
2659:
732:10.1103/PhysRevD.74.072003
316:) and muon antineutrinos (
457:Seoul National University
823:Y. Fukuda; et al. (
694:M. H. Ahn; et al. (
516:University of Washington
155:, which allowed them to
1731:Shankar Balasubramanian
1467:Alexander Zamolodchikov
1399:Peter van Nieuwenhuizen
924:Physical Review Letters
881:Physical Review Letters
830:Physical Review Letters
798:"K2K Member Institutes"
55:previously observed by
1745:Clifford P. Brangwynne
1578:Emmanuelle Charpentier
551:result, and the later
506:University of Valencia
1249:High-Z Supernova Team
825:Super-K Collaboration
65:neutrino oscillations
61:atmospheric neutrinos
2643:Neutrino experiments
1937:Neutrino oscillation
1688:Virginia Man-Yee Lee
1552:Alexander Varshavsky
1371:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
1269:and contributors to
988:K2K official website
754:"K2K: Near Detector"
598:(7). 18 August 2000.
511:University of Warsaw
496:University of Hawaii
491:University of Geneva
407:Hiroshima University
159:(change) into other
2607:Kamioka Observatory
1672:Jeffrey M. Friedman
1562:Charles David Allis
1247:and members of the
1235:and members of the
947:2006PhRvL..97s1801M
919:MINOS Collaboration
894:1998PhRvL..81.4279F
853:1998PhRvL..81.1158F
776:"K2K: Introduction"
724:2006PhRvD..74g2003A
629:2006Natur.443..126N
609:N. Nosengo (2006).
501:University of Tokyo
397:Dongshin University
360:Kamioka Observatory
141:Kamioka Observatory
85:neutrino experiment
79:Experimental design
41:neutrino experiment
1765:Masashi Yanagisawa
1676:Franz-Ulrich Hartl
1606:Stephen J. Elledge
1558:Alim Louis Benabid
1445:Charles H. Bennett
1395:Daniel Z. Freedman
1345:Charles L. Bennett
1309:Arthur B. McDonald
1297:KĹichirĹ Nishikawa
1227:John Henry Schwarz
1217:Alexander Polyakov
1195:Michel Della Negra
1114:Daniel A. Spielman
1029:Breakthrough Prize
888:(19): 4279. 1998.
447:Okayama University
442:Niigata University
169:electron neutrinos
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2364:Heidelberg-Moscow
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2088:ICARUS (Fermilab)
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1787:Fredrick Van Goor
1680:Arthur L. Horwich
1654:Adrian R. Krainer
1548:Richard P. Lifton
1506:Napoleone Ferrara
1486:Cornelia Bargmann
1335:Andrew Strominger
1331:Joseph Polchinski
1141:Nima Arkani-Hamed
1090:Vincent Lafforgue
1080:Christopher Hacon
804:. 20 January 2004
701:Physical Review D
696:K2K Collaboration
472:Tohoku University
381:Boston University
348:neutrino detector
87:which directed a
16:(Redirected from
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2515:Neutrino Factory
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2031:Super-Kamiokande
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1706:Richard J. Youle
1650:C. Frank Bennett
1644:Don W. Cleveland
1618:Yoshinori Ohsumi
1544:Robert S. Langer
1532:James P. Allison
1494:Lewis C. Cantley
1435:Hidetoshi Katori
1415:Jens H. Gundlach
1325:Super-Kamiokande
1207:Joseph Incandela
1191:Fabiola Gianotti
1153:Maxim Kontsevich
1108:Takuro Mochizuki
1050:Maxim Kontsevich
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1273:project (2016)
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1161:Juan Maldacena
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982:External links
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938:hep-ex/0607088
931:(19): 191801.
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844:hep-ex/9805021
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670:. 13 June 2002
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93:muon neutrinos
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73:cosmic sources
51:to verify the
45:muon neutrinos
29:K2K experiment
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1791:Thomas Gasser
1788:
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1779:Sabine Hadida
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365:
363:
361:
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353:
352:neutrino beam
349:
346:
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271:
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263:
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192:tau neutrinos
170:
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2571:NEMO Project
2388:
2329:Double Chooz
2236:Construction
1968:Astronomical
1856:CowanâReines
1739:Pascal Mayer
1684:David Julius
1666:Zhijian Chen
1632:Peter Walter
1628:Joanne Chory
1600:Svante Pääbo
1498:Hans Clevers
1424:
1386:
1377:Charles Kane
1366:
1349:Gary Hinshaw
1300:
1267:Rainer Weiss
1254:
1213:(LHC) (2013)
1178:
1157:Andrei Linde
928:
922:
912:
885:
879:
873:and erratum
834:
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770:
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748:
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620:
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591:CERN Courier
589:
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536:
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393:(DSM-DAPNIA)
369:
339:
255:
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69:from the Sun
53:oscillations
28:
26:
2177:KamLAND-Zen
2076:Accelerator
1954:(divided by
1849:Discoveries
1757:John Jumper
1709: [
1694:David Baker
1640:Kim Nasmyth
1622:Huda Zoghbi
1596:Helen Hobbs
1570:Gary Ruvkun
1510:Eric Lander
1381:Eugene Mele
1339:Cumrun Vafa
1327:team (2016)
1281:Kam-Biu Luk
1277:Yifang Wang
1187:Peter Jenni
1131:Fundamental
1058:Terence Tao
1054:Jacob Lurie
1038:Mathematics
808:3 September
782:3 September
760:3 September
674:3 September
373:K2K website
125:synchrotron
114:) from the
2394:Kamiokande
2349:Gargamelle
2253:Baikal-GVD
2108:NA61/SHINE
2093:MicroBooNE
1592:John Hardy
1463:John Cardy
1263:Kip Thorne
1245:Adam Riess
1209:(CMS) and
1169:Ashoke Sen
1096:Alex Eskin
572:References
545:10 eV
391:CEA Saclay
2549:Cancelled
2369:Homestake
2319:Cuoricino
2283:SuperNEMO
2103:MiniBooNE
1952:Operating
1771:Carl June
1702:Dennis Lo
1211:Lyn Evans
1193:(ATLAS),
1145:Alan Guth
1031:laureates
971:119458915
345:Cherenkov
258:aluminium
165:neutrinos
157:oscillate
139:, to the
83:K2K is a
2637:Category
2595:See also
2540:WATCHMAN
2490:JEM-EUSO
2473:Proposed
2459:Soudan 2
2449:SciBooNE
2182:MAJORANA
2132:Collider
2052:Daya Bay
1996:Borexino
1958:neutrino
1323:and the
1311:and the
1299:and the
1291:and the
1283:and the
1068:Ian Agol
963:17155614
869:14217731
740:22053653
647:16971911
559:See also
555:result.
533:best fit
161:flavours
116:12
71:or from
39:) was a
2520:Nucifer
2339:EXO-200
2292:Retired
2248:ARIANNA
2144:SND@LHC
2098:MINERνA
2057:KamLAND
2045:Reactor
2011:IceCube
1981:ANTARES
1960:source)
1956:primary
1942:SN 1987
1425:Special
1387:Special
1367:Special
1293:KamLAND
1255:Special
1179:Special
1133:physics
943:Bibcode
890:Bibcode
849:Bibcode
720:Bibcode
625:Bibcode
523:Results
145:Kamioka
137:Ibaraki
133:Tsukuba
127:at the
37:Kamioka
2617:SNOLAB
2561:LAGUNA
2505:LEGEND
2424:MINOS+
2399:KARMEN
2374:ICARUS
2344:GALLEX
2299:AMANDA
2278:KM3NeT
2218:KATRIN
2192:PandaX
2067:STEREO
1927:τ
1922:ν
1900:μ
1895:ν
1868:ν
1801:(2024)
1767:(2023)
1741:(2022)
1715:(2021)
1690:(2020)
1668:(2019)
1646:(2018)
1624:(2017)
1602:(2016)
1580:(2015)
1554:(2014)
1528:(2013)
1469:(2024)
1459:(2023)
1441:(2022)
1439:Jun Ye
1431:(2021)
1421:(2021)
1407:(2020)
1401:(2019)
1383:(2019)
1373:(2018)
1363:(2018)
1341:(2017)
1315:team,
1307:team,
1295:team,
1251:(2015)
1229:(2014)
1219:(2013)
1175:(2012)
1122:(2024)
1116:(2023)
1110:(2022)
1104:(2021)
1098:(2020)
1092:(2019)
1086:(2018)
1076:(2017)
1070:(2016)
1064:(2015)
969:
961:
867:
738:
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616:Nature
332:μ
326:ν
305:ν
285:ν
247:τ
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190:) and
180:ν
122:proton
109:μ
104:ν
59:using
2586:BOREX
2525:P-ONE
2495:GRAND
2480:CUPID
2439:OPERA
2419:MINOS
2414:MACRO
2354:GERDA
2324:DONUT
2309:Chooz
2223:WITCH
2211:Other
2202:XMASS
2172:CUORE
2167:COBRA
2162:AMoRE
2139:FASER
2083:ANNIE
2036:SNEWS
2021:NEVOD
1991:BDUNT
1976:ANITA
1910:DONUT
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967:S2CID
933:arXiv
865:S2CID
839:arXiv
736:S2CID
710:arXiv
553:MINOS
342:water
270:muons
268:into
266:decay
262:pions
153:Earth
2612:LNGS
2530:SBND
2510:LENA
2485:nEXO
2464:Utah
2444:RICE
2434:NEMO
2429:NARC
2409:LSND
2379:IGEX
2334:ERPM
2314:CNGS
2304:CDHS
2273:JUNO
2263:DUNE
2258:BEST
2197:SNO+
2187:NEXT
2154:0νββ
2118:NuMI
2113:NOvA
2062:RENO
2026:SAGE
2006:HALO
2001:BUST
1797:and
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1598:and
1576:and
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1379:and
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1271:LIGO
1225:and
1060:and
959:PMID
810:2010
784:2010
762:2010
676:2010
643:PMID
481:IFAE
272:and
149:Gifu
89:beam
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2581:SOX
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2500:INO
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2389:K2K
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2359:GNO
2243:ARA
2123:T2K
2016:LVD
1986:ASD
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1301:K2K
951:doi
898:doi
857:doi
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