76:, the same al-Masudi calls the Ethiopian capital "Kufar" or "Kafer". In the Arabic works of the 13th and 14th century, Kubar is still mentioned as being the capital of Ethiopia. Arab historian
50:"It is a spacious, important country. The capital of the kingdom is Kubar. The Arabs still go to it for trading and they (the Ethiopians) have mighty cities, and their coast is
58:
they are under the control of the great king (the
Najashi) to whom they show obedience and pay taxes. The Najashi is of the Jacobite Christian faith."
102:, but discarded that theory based on chronological and linguistic grounds. Later, he proposed that Kubar was a corrupted spelling of the name
191:
186:
94:
Because of the lack of archeological data, hypothesis about the location of Kubar varies to a certain extent.
107:
95:
72:, describing it as a "great city" and the "residence of the Najashi". In a similar context, in his
68:
51:
31:
111:
34:
and the residence of the
Ethiopian ruler mentioned in several medieval Arabic sources.
180:
123:
115:
82:
77:
43:
63:
55:
127:
46:(fl. 872 A.D.), who gives the following short but valuable description;
99:
119:
103:
42:
It is first mentioned by the 10th century geographer al-
98:initially believed that it was located in modern
126:believed that it was located in the province of
8:
110:, Manfred Kropp and Ewald Wagner. However,
154:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: He-N - Volume 3
170:(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972), p. 36.
139:
30:is the name of the last capital of the
147:
145:
143:
16:Former capital of the Kingdom of Aksum
7:
14:
54:. As to the kings in the land of
1:
106:. This theory was favored by
168:Church and State in Ethiopia
208:
192:Capitals of former nations
114:locates Kubar in southern
66:refers to Kubar in his
108:J. Spencer Trimingham
80:refers to it in his
96:Carlo Conti Rossini
69:The Meadows of Gold
166:Taddesse Tamrat,
152:Uhlig, Siegbert.
199:
187:Kingdom of Aksum
171:
164:
158:
157:
149:
32:Kingdom of Aksum
207:
206:
202:
201:
200:
198:
197:
196:
177:
176:
175:
174:
165:
161:
151:
150:
141:
136:
112:Taddesse Tamrat
92:
74:Akhbar al-zaman
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
205:
203:
195:
194:
189:
179:
178:
173:
172:
159:
156:. p. 278.
138:
137:
135:
132:
91:
88:
62:The historian
60:
59:
39:
36:
22:also known as
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
204:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
182:
169:
163:
160:
155:
148:
146:
144:
140:
133:
131:
129:
125:
124:Enno Littmann
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
89:
87:
85:
84:
83:Kitab al-ibar
79:
75:
71:
70:
65:
57:
53:
49:
48:
47:
45:
37:
35:
33:
29:
25:
21:
167:
162:
153:
93:
81:
73:
67:
61:
41:
27:
23:
19:
18:
78:Ibn Khaldun
181:Categories
134:References
122:, whereas
56:al-Habasha
64:al-Masudi
128:Begemder
90:Location
100:Ankober
44:Ya'qubi
38:History
118:or in
116:Tigray
52:Dahlak
24:Ku'bar
120:Angot
104:Aksum
28:Kuber
20:Kubar
26:or
183::
142:^
130:.
86:.
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