Knowledge (XXG)

Kula language

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1054: 217:. Dialects are Kula proper, Kulatela, Watena, Kula Watena, Iramang, Larena, Sumang, and Arumaka. Most settlements where Kula is spoken are "new villages" that have only been inhabited since the 1960s. Due to this recent resettlement, and since usage of the language is discouraged in schools, Kula is an endangered language. 750: 743: 1129: 736: 1124: 1095: 593: 891: 99: 759: 533: 497: 1119: 614: 1061: 412: 900: 1114: 623: 446: 181: 1088: 575: 775: 655: 521: 330: 323: 269: 24: 938: 104: 435: 976: 584: 1016: 863: 639: 372: 365: 339: 93: 28: 1081: 825: 838: 810: 474: 290: 283: 20: 225:
The data in this section are taken from Williams (2017). Phonemes in brackets are "marginal phonemes".
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spoken in villages on the north coast, south coast and mountainous interior of
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Williams, Nicholas J. (2017). "Kula". In Schapper, Antoinette (ed.).
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The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 2
1069: 1025: 937: 899: 890: 862: 824: 766: 180: 164: 148: 143: 76: 66: 56: 46: 36: 1089: 744: 8: 724:Documenting Language and Interaction in Kula 1096: 1082: 896: 751: 737: 729: 699: 697: 33: 546: 232: 672: 708:. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 185–266. 238: 7: 1050: 1048: 1068:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 14: 1125:Endangered languages of Indonesia 654: 638: 622: 613: 592: 583: 574: 532: 520: 496: 473: 445: 434: 411: 388: 380: 371: 364: 346: 338: 329: 322: 298: 289: 282: 1052: 1130:Trans–New Guinea language stubs 760:West Trans–New Guinea languages 1: 16:Language spoken in Indonesia 1146: 1062:Trans–New Guinea languages 1047: 25:Kula language (Australian) 18: 630: 568: 510: 459: 427: 400: 311: 276: 255: 250: 245: 240: 201:(Lantoka), also known as 41: 19:Not to be confused with 690:(subscription required) 29:Kula language (Vanuatu) 1120:Languages of Indonesia 21:Kula language (Bantu) 1115:Tanglapui languages 1060:This article about 235: 234:Consonant phonemes 395:⟨gw⟩ 353:⟨kw⟩ 304:⟨ng⟩ 233: 72:(5,000 cited 1997) 1077: 1076: 1045: 1044: 1041: 1040: 892:Timor–Alor–Pantar 776:Grand Valley Dani 688:(18th ed., 2015) 664: 663: 644:⟨ĂĄ⟩ 598:⟨Ă­⟩ 540: 539: 526:⟨y⟩ 441:⟨w⟩ 418:⟨j⟩ 192: 191: 100:Timor–Alor–Pantar 1137: 1098: 1091: 1084: 1056: 1049: 897: 753: 746: 739: 730: 722:ELAR archive of 710: 709: 701: 692: 691: 677: 658: 645: 642: 626: 617: 599: 596: 587: 578: 547: 536: 527: 524: 500: 491: 477: 467: 449: 442: 438: 419: 415: 396: 392: 384: 375: 368: 361: 354: 350: 342: 333: 326: 319: 305: 302: 293: 286: 272: 265: 236: 176: 160: 153: 88:Trans–New Guinea 82: 34: 1145: 1144: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1136: 1135: 1134: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1102: 1046: 1037: 1021: 933: 886: 858: 820: 762: 757: 719: 714: 713: 703: 702: 695: 689: 678: 674: 669: 643: 597: 545: 525: 489: 465: 440: 417: 394: 359: 352: 317: 303: 268: 263: 231: 223: 207:Papuan language 172: 156: 149: 139: 83: 80:Language family 78: 69: 68:Native speakers 32: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1143: 1141: 1133: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1107: 1106: 1101: 1100: 1093: 1086: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1057: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1038: 1036: 1035: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1019: 1017:Western Pantar 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 943: 941: 935: 934: 932: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 905: 903: 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47:Native to 44: 43: 39: 38: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1142: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1110: 1099: 1094: 1092: 1087: 1085: 1080: 1079: 1073: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1034: 1031: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 960: 958: 955: 953: 950: 948: 945: 944: 942: 940: 936: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 906: 904: 902: 898: 895: 893: 889: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 869: 867: 865: 864:West Bomberai 861: 855: 852: 850: 847: 845: 842: 840: 837: 835: 832: 831: 829: 827: 823: 817: 814: 812: 809: 807: 804: 802: 799: 797: 794: 792: 789: 787: 784: 782: 779: 777: 774: 773: 771: 769: 765: 761: 754: 749: 747: 742: 740: 735: 734: 731: 725: 721: 720: 716: 707: 700: 698: 694: 687: 686: 681: 676: 673: 666: 660: 657: 653: 651: 650: 647: 641: 637: 635: 633: 629: 625: 621: 619: 616: 612: 610: 607: 606: 603: 601: 595: 591: 590: 586: 582: 580: 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685:Ethnologue 667:References 229:Consonants 197:(Kola) or 512:Semivowel 429:Fricative 402:Affricate 318:voiceless 221:Phonology 215:Indonesia 203:Tanglapui 167:Glottolog 151:ISO 639-3 118:Tanglapui 51:Indonesia 42:Tanglapui 1007:Nedebang 914:Makalero 909:Fataluku 247:Alveolar 174:kula1280 90: ? 997:Wersing 919:Makasae 558:Central 490:lateral 313:Plosive 252:Palatal 205:, is a 199:Lamtoka 96: ? 1026:Others 992:Sawila 967:Kamang 957:Blagar 929:Rusenu 924:Oirata 854:Wolani 796:Silimo 543:Vowels 461:Liquid 360:voiced 270:labial 242:Labial 57:Region 1064:is a 1033:Bunak 1012:Teiwa 1002:Kaera 987:Retta 962:Kafoa 952:Adang 882:Karas 872:Baham 844:Ekari 801:Walak 791:Nggem 786:Nduga 781:Hupla 553:Front 466:trill 278:Nasal 264:plain 257:Velar 27:, or 1066:stub 982:Kula 972:Klon 947:Abui 849:Moni 834:Auye 816:Yali 806:Wano 768:Dani 680:Kula 570:High 563:Back 195:Kula 187:Kula 123:Kula 114:East 110:Alor 37:Kula 977:Kui 877:Iha 839:Dao 682:at 632:Low 609:Mid 413:d͡ʒ 213:in 182:ELP 158:tpg 1111:: 696:^ 478:) 439:) 416:) 393:) 390:gʡ 351:) 348:kʡ 23:, 1097:e 1090:t 1083:v 1072:. 752:e 745:t 738:v 656:a 640:ɐ 624:o 615:e 594:ÉŞ 585:u 576:i 534:w 522:j 498:l 475:r 472:( 447:s 436:β 433:( 410:( 387:( 382:g 373:d 366:b 345:( 340:k 331:t 324:p 300:ŋ 291:n 284:m 31:.

Index

Kula language (Bantu)
Kula language (Australian)
Kula language (Vanuatu)
Indonesia
Alor Island
Language family
Trans–New Guinea
West Bomberai
Timor–Alor–Pantar
Alor–Pantar
Alor
Tanglapui
ISO 639-3
tpg
Glottolog
kula1280
ELP
Kula
Papuan language
Alor Island
Indonesia
Labial
Alveolar
Palatal
Velar
labial
Nasal
m
n
ŋ

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