1336:
199:
by Ehret (1981), since Ehret reconstructed "Rub" to mean 'person' in Proto-Kuliak. He suggests that "Kuliak" may actually be a derogatory term used by neighboring
Nilotic-speaking peoples to disparage Kuliak speakers as "poor," hence his preference for using Rub instead. However, Kuliak continues to
1294:
Blench notes that Kuliak languages do not have extensive internal diversity and clearly had a relatively recent common ancestor. There are many monosyllabic VC (vowel + consonant) lexical roots in Kuliak languages, which is typologically unusual among Nilo-Saharan languages and is more typical of
1290:
in Proto-Kuliak: "primary", which could occur in any position and remains in place in all Kuliak languages, and "secondary", which always occurred on the 2nd syllable of a word, and remains there in Ik and Nyang'i, but shifts to the first syllable in Tepes.
1303:. Blench considers these VC roots to have cognates in other Nilo-Saharan languages, and suggests that the VC roots may have been eroded from earlier Nilo-Saharan roots that had initial consonants.
1382:
1858:
1314:, are observable in the vocabulary and phonology of Kuliak languages. Blench notes that Kuliak appears to retain a core of non-Nilo-Saharan vocabulary, suggesting
1661:
204:, Terrill Schrock, Sam Beer and other linguists, who note that the name "Kuliak" is not perceived as offensive or pejorative by any Kuliak speakers.
89:
135:
1851:
1827:
Nilotic
Studies (Proceedings of the International Symposium on Languages and History of the Nilotic Peoples, Cologne, January 4–6, 1982
1778:
1844:
1690:
217:
According to the classification of Heine (1976), Soo and Nyang'i form a subgroup, Western Kuliak, while Ik stands by itself.
2161:
2030:
2008:
2156:
2151:
2053:
1991:
1311:
346:
1361:
2035:
2070:
1867:
1378:
360:
350:
71:
1276:
Close vowel + *a or *ɔ: cluster retained in Nyang'i, contracted to a single vowel in the other languages.
367:
1296:
383:
2102:
258:
166:
106:
2025:
1307:
1287:
1279:*a, *i + *e, *i, *u: cluster retained in Ik, contracted to a single vowel in the other languages.
1897:
2116:
2083:
2020:
1980:
1973:
1818:
Laughlin, C. D. (1975). "Lexicostatistics and the
Mystery of So Ethnolinguistic Relations" in
1686:
312:
174:
1832:
Blench, Roger M. (2006). Archaeology, Language, and the
African Past. Lanham: Altamira Press.
2126:
2111:
2090:
1922:
371:
1805:
322:
Heine finds the following numbers of correspondences between the languages on the 200-word
2121:
2041:
2014:
1967:
1928:
1902:
1319:
66:
2065:
2000:
1962:
1936:
1891:
1685:(SUGIA, Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika: Beihefte 12), Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag,
1315:
31:
125:
2145:
2076:
1957:
1908:
1387:
1351:
1371:
323:
242:
201:
170:
110:
349:. Later, Bender (2000) revised this position by placing Kuliak as basal branch of
1616:
1578:
1544:
1506:
1448:
387:
283:
178:
101:
1715:
Ehret, Christopher. 1981. Revising Proto-Kuliak. Afrika und Übersee 64: 81-100.
134:
184:
355:
119:
1273:
Front vowel + *o: yields Ik /ɔ/ or /o/, a front vowel in Tepes and Nyang'i.
1876:
156:
55:
1836:
1269:
For other vowel correspondences, Heine reconstructs clusters of vowels:
1207:
In Tepes and Nyang'i, /o/ and /ɔ/ can alternate morphophonologically.
1134:
In Tepes and Nyang'i, /e/ and /ɛ/ can alternate morphophonologically.
390:(1976), who proposes also corresponding Proto-Kuliak reconstructions.
374:
in the 1960s; this was criticized as weak and abandoned by the 1980s.
17:
1300:
308:
160:
152:
59:
1825:
Fleming, Harold C. (1982). "Kuliak
External Relations: Step One" in
1794:. (Studia linguarum africae orientalis, 3.) Heidelberg: Carl Winter.
359:
treats Kuliak as an independent language family and does not accept
30:"Rub languages" redirects here. For ISO 639 language code rub, see
1948:
1880:
1840:
1779:
Segment reversal in Kuliak and its relationship to Nilo-Saharan
1329:
345:
Bender (1989) had classified the Kuliak languages within the
1683:
1282:*ui: yields Ik /i/, Tepes /u/ or /wi/, Nyang'i /wi/.
2100:
2052:
1990:
1947:
1875:
118:
95:
85:
65:
49:
39:
1754:Hetzron, Robert (1980). "The Limits of Cushitic".
200:be the most widely used name, and is preferred by
1377:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
1742:On Whether 'Dorobo' was a Fourth Kuliak Language
1407:Comparison of numerals in individual languages:
1117:Unstressed, when followed by a semivowel *j, *w
1773:
1771:
1769:
1702:Beer, Sam, Amber McKinney, Lokiru Kosma 2009.
941:Initially and at the end of monosyllabic words
177:, with a handful of elderly speakers. However,
1318:from an indigenous language like that seen in
315:, is not a fourth Kuliak language, and may at
1852:
8:
1808:. Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.
1744:. Studies in African Linguistics 44: 47-58.
1483:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
151:, are a group of languages spoken by small
2058:
1859:
1845:
1837:
1409:
366:An early suggestion for Ik as a member of
1731:. Nairobi: East African Publishing House.
195:The Kuliak languages are also called the
1792:Kuliak and Cushitic: A Comparative Study
1039:
488:Medially. No reflexes known in Nyang'i.
392:
1723:
1721:
1674:
245:(Tepes, Kadam) – 50 speakers, moribund
1729:The Kuliak Languages of Eastern Uganda
261:(Nyangia) – 1 speaker, nearly extinct
36:
187:in Kuliak languages is verb-initial.
94:
7:
1662:List of Proto-Kuliak reconstructions
286:(Teuso) – 7,500 speakers, vigorous
235:
228:
220:
1806:"The Nilo-Saharan Language Phylum"
1367:for transliterated languages, and
1347:of its non-English content, using
1286:Heine reconstructs two classes of
924:Finally, a plosive /t/ in Dorobo.
25:
1704:The So Language: A Grammar Sketch
394:Kuliak consonant correspondences
1756:Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika
1334:
1103:Followed by a high vowel *i, *u
133:
1089:Preceded by any non-open vowel
533:Initially, before front vowels
155:communities in the mountainous
1498:tudini ńda kiɗi tsʼaɡús (5+ 4)
1492:tudini ńda kiɗi léɓetsᵉ (5+ 2)
1383:multilingual support templates
519:Initially, before back vowels
307:According to Schrock (2015), "
1:
1041:Kuliak vowel correspondences
1649:tuɗ en-ek iɠe (hand-PL all)
1306:Significant influences from
363:as a valid language family.
1820:Anthropological Linguistics
2178:
1790:Lamberti, Marcello. 1988.
1681:Ehret, Christopher (2001)
1605:ˌíntùd ká ínì'jɔ́n (5+ 3)
1602:ˌíntùd ká ínɛ̀'bɛ̀c (5+ 2)
1599:ˌíntùd ká ˈnɛ́dɛ̀s (5+ 1)
1495:tudini ńda kiɗi aɗ (5+ 3)
1489:tudini ńda kɛɗɪ kɔn (5+ 1)
29:
2061:
1312:Eastern Nilotic languages
1206:
1133:
1071:
1058:Phonological environment
1016:
985:
937:
875:
820:No reflex known in Tepes
785:
754:
723:
678:
602:
515:
466:
411:Phonological environment
347:Eastern Sudanic languages
281:
256:
240:
233:
226:
181:is vigorous and growing.
132:
67:Linguistic classification
44:
1740:Schrock, Terrill. 2015.
1536:ńda-kiɗi-tsʔaɡúsᵃ (5+ 4)
1530:ńda-kiɗi-léɓetsᵃ (5+ 2)
606:Initially and medially
159:region of northeastern
1640:tuɗ ka nɪ nɛbɛc (5+ 2)
1608:ˌíntùd ká ínùáʔ (5+ 4)
989:Initially and finally
879:Initially, by default
1804:Chan, Eugene (2019).
1646:tuɗ ka nɪ nowa (5+ 4)
1643:tuɗ ka nɪ iyon (5+ 3)
1637:tuɗ ka nɪ ɛdɛs (5+ 1)
1533:ńda-kiɗiá-aɗᵉ (5+ 3)
1034:Finally after *k, *g
907:Medially and finally
893:Initially, before *ɛ
470:Initially. Fricative
384:sound correspondences
58:region, northeastern
1727:Heine, Bernd. 1976.
1527:ńda-keɗi-kɔnᵃ (5+ 1)
1381:. Knowledge (XXG)'s
1345:specify the language
1343:This article should
1310:, and more recently
1297:Australian languages
330:Soo – Nyang'i: 43.2%
319:be a dialect of Ik.
2162:Languages of Uganda
1042:
395:
333:Nyang'i – Ik: 26.7%
27:Family of languages
1308:Cushitic languages
1040:
393:
386:are identified by
147:, also called the
2157:Language families
2139:
2138:
2135:
2134:
1829:, Vol 2, 423–478.
1653:
1652:
1405:
1404:
1385:may also be used.
1267:
1266:
1038:
1037:
313:spurious language
304:
303:
295:
294:
270:
269:
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
2169:
2152:Kuliak languages
2059:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1838:
1810:
1809:
1801:
1795:
1788:
1782:
1775:
1764:
1763:
1751:
1745:
1738:
1732:
1725:
1716:
1713:
1707:
1700:
1694:
1679:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1410:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1338:
1337:
1330:
1043:
396:
372:Archibald Tucker
236:
229:
221:
145:Kuliak languages
137:
128:
37:
21:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2131:
2096:
2054:Eastern Sudanic
2048:
1992:Central Sudanic
1986:
1943:
1883:
1871:
1865:
1835:
1814:
1813:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1789:
1785:
1777:Blench, Roger.
1776:
1767:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1739:
1735:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1697:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1658:
1472:and it's three)
1401:
1395:
1392:
1386:
1374:
1368:
1364:
1362:transliteration
1358:
1354:
1348:
1339:
1335:
1328:
651:Word-initially
380:
343:
336:Soo – Ik: 24.2%
305:
296:
271:
215:
210:
193:
124:
51:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2175:
2173:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2144:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2005:
1996:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1952:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1900:
1895:
1887:
1885:
1873:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1841:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1823:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1796:
1783:
1765:
1746:
1733:
1717:
1708:
1695:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1575:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1503:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1486:and it's five)
1480:
1479:and it's four)
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1403:
1402:
1342:
1340:
1333:
1327:
1324:
1316:language shift
1284:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1265:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
991:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
974:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
957:
956:
953:
950:
947:
943:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
926:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
909:
908:
905:
902:
899:
895:
894:
891:
888:
885:
881:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
864:
863:
860:
857:
854:
850:
849:
846:
843:
840:
836:
835:
832:
829:
826:
822:
821:
818:
815:
812:
809:
805:
804:
801:
798:
795:
791:
790:
787:
784:
781:
778:
774:
773:
770:
767:
764:
760:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
743:
742:
739:
736:
733:
729:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
712:
711:
708:
705:
702:
698:
697:
694:
691:
688:
684:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
667:
666:
663:
660:
657:
653:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
636:
635:
632:
629:
626:
622:
621:
618:
615:
612:
608:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
591:
590:
587:
584:
581:
577:
576:
573:
570:
567:
563:
562:
559:
556:
553:
549:
548:
545:
542:
539:
535:
534:
531:
528:
525:
521:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
504:
503:
500:
497:
494:
490:
489:
486:
483:
480:
476:
475:
468:
465:
462:
459:
455:
454:
451:
448:
445:
441:
440:
437:
434:
431:
427:
426:
423:
420:
417:
413:
412:
409:
406:
403:
400:
382:The following
379:
376:
342:
339:
338:
337:
334:
331:
302:
301:
298:
297:
293:
292:
289:
288:
280:
277:
276:
273:
272:
268:
267:
264:
263:
255:
252:
251:
248:
247:
239:
234:
232:
227:
225:
219:
214:
211:
209:
208:Classification
206:
192:
189:
139:
138:
130:
129:
122:
116:
115:
114:
113:
104:
97:
93:
92:
87:
86:Proto-language
83:
82:
81:
80:
69:
63:
62:
53:
47:
46:
42:
41:
32:Gungu language
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2174:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2071:Eastern Jebel
2069:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2031:Mangbutu–Lese
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2009:Bongo–Bagirmi
2006:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1884:border region
1882:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1807:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1750:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1678:
1675:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:mɔk kan kapei
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1465:and it's two)
1460:
1458:and it's one)
1453:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1399:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1373:
1363:
1353:
1346:
1341:
1332:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1292:
1289:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
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224:Kuliak
223:
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197:Rub languages
190:
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2082:
2075:
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2007:
1999:
1979:
1972:
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1927:
1917:
1907:
1890:
1868:Nilo-Saharan
1826:
1819:
1799:
1791:
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1759:
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1749:
1741:
1736:
1728:
1711:
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1682:
1677:
1664:(Wiktionary)
1475:tsʼàɡùsìn (
1406:
1393:
1379:ISO 639 code
1375:}}
1369:{{
1365:}}
1359:{{
1355:}}
1349:{{
1344:
1305:
1293:
1285:
1268:
1055:Proto-Kuliak
471:
408:Proto-Kuliak
381:
370:was made by
365:
361:Nilo-Saharan
354:
351:Nilo-Saharan
344:
324:Swadesh list
321:
316:
306:
282:
257:
241:
216:
202:Roger Blench
196:
194:
183:
165:
148:
144:
142:
96:Subdivisions
90:Proto-Kuliak
77:
72:Nilo-Saharan
52:distribution
1617:Soo (Tepes)
1611:mì'míɾínìk
1579:Soo (Tepes)
1454:kɔ̀nʊ̀kᵓ (
474:in Dorobo.
388:Bernd Heine
368:Afroasiatic
2146:Categories
1822:17:325-41.
1691:3896450980
1669:References
1573:mɔk tomin
1461:lèɓètsìn (
955:Elsewhere
789:Initially
758:Initially
727:Initially
682:Initially
185:Word order
50:Geographic
2103:Astaboran
2036:Moru–Madi
1587:ínɛ̀'bɛ́c
1518:aɗᵃ / aɗᵉ
1468:àɗìn (
1396:June 2022
1003:Medially
972:Medially
741:Medially
696:Medially
547:Medially
378:Evolution
356:Glottolog
120:Glottolog
2026:Mangbetu
1877:Ethiopia
1870:branches
1762:: 12–13.
1656:See also
1590:ínì'jɔ̀n
1521:tsʔaɡúsᵃ
1413:Language
1326:Numerals
1299:such as
1075:Default
1020:Default
803:Finally
772:Finally
620:Finally
341:External
213:Internal
175:moribund
157:Karamoja
126:kuli1252
56:Karamoja
2117:Nyimang
2084:Nilotic
2045: ?
2017: ?
2004: ?
1981:Songhay
1974:Saharan
1940: ?
1932: ?
1912: ?
1584:nɛ́dɛ̀s
1545:Nyang'i
1515:léɓetsᵃ
1482:tùdìn (
1388:See why
1052:Nyang'i
405:Nyang'i
311:" is a
259:Nyang'i
167:Nyang'i
107:Nyang'i
2127:Temein
2112:Nubian
2091:Surmic
2042:Sinyar
1951:region
1929:Ongota
1923:Kunama
1918:Kuliak
1706:. m.s.
1689:
1593:ín'ùáʔ
1549:nardok
1539:tomín
1501:tomín
1320:Dahalo
1301:Kunjen
1288:stress
309:Dorobo
161:Uganda
153:relict
78:Kuliak
60:Uganda
40:Kuliak
18:Kuliak
2021:Lendu
2015:Kresh
2001:Birri
1968:Maban
1958:Furan
1949:Sahel
1937:Shabo
1903:Koman
1898:Bʼaga
1892:Berta
1881:Sudan
1625:nɛbɛc
1596:íntùd
1558:nowʔe
1555:iyʔɔn
1552:nɛʔɛc
1295:some
1049:Tepes
1025:w ~ ∅
493:ɟ ~ ʄ
444:ɗ ~ d
419:b ~ p
402:Tepes
191:Names
2122:Tama
2077:Nara
2066:Daju
1963:Kadu
1909:Gule
1687:ISBN
1631:nowa
1628:iyon
1622:ɛdɛs
1524:túdᵉ
1512:kɔnᵃ
1484:lit.
1477:lit.
1470:lit.
1463:lit.
1456:lit.
1352:lang
710:*kʼ
665:*kʰ
317:most
173:are
169:and
143:The
1634:tuɗ
1619:(2)
1581:(1)
1561:tud
1509:(2)
1451:(1)
1443:10
1372:IPA
1263:*u
1249:*U
1235:*ọ
1221:*o
1190:*i
1176:*I
1162:*ẹ
1148:*e
969:*rr
862:*ɲ
848:*n
834:*m
811:(?)
679:*cʼ
670:tsʼ
648:*kw
634:*k
603:*kj
589:*c
575:*t
561:*p
502:*ɟ
485:(?)
467:*dz
453:*d
439:*ɓ
425:*b
243:Soo
171:Soo
111:Soo
45:Rub
2148::
1768:^
1758:.
1720:^
1507:Ik
1449:Ik
1357:,
1322:.
1204:*ɔ
1131:*ɛ
1072:*a
1046:Ik
1017:*w
986:*j
938:*r
921:*l
876:*ŋ
817:*z
786:*h
769:iɬ
755:*ɬ
724:*s
701:kʼ
645:kw
639:kw
580:ts
516:*g
458:dz
399:Ik
353:.
326::
284:Ik
179:Ik
163:.
102:Ik
2105:"
2101:"
1879:-
1860:e
1853:t
1846:v
1781:.
1760:2
1693:.
1440:9
1437:8
1434:7
1431:6
1428:5
1425:4
1422:3
1419:2
1416:1
1398:)
1394:(
1390:.
1260:u
1257:u
1254:u
1246:u
1243:u
1240:o
1232:o
1229:o
1226:u
1218:o
1215:o
1212:o
1201:ɔ
1198:ɔ
1195:ɔ
1187:i
1184:i
1181:i
1173:i
1170:i
1167:e
1159:e
1156:e
1153:i
1145:e
1142:e
1139:e
1128:ɛ
1125:ɛ
1122:ɛ
1114:ɛ
1111:ɛ
1108:a
1100:e
1097:e
1094:a
1086:ɛ
1083:a
1080:a
1069:a
1066:a
1063:a
1031:w
1028:∅
1014:w
1011:w
1008:w
1000:j
997:j
994:j
983:∅
980:j
977:∅
966:r
963:r
960:r
952:r
949:∅
946:r
935:r
932:r
929:r
918:l
915:l
912:l
904:ɲ
901:?
898:r
890:ŋ
887:ŋ
884:ɲ
873:ŋ
870:ŋ
867:ŋ
859:ɲ
856:ɲ
853:ɲ
845:n
842:n
839:n
831:m
828:m
825:m
814:s
808:z
800:∅
797:ʔ
794:∅
783:∅
780:∅
777:h
766:l
763:ɬ
752:ɬ
749:l
746:ɬ
738:s
735:s
732:r
721:s
718:s
715:s
707:ɠ
704:ɠ
693:s
690:s
687:s
676:ʄ
673:ʄ
662:∅
659:∅
656:k
642:w
631:k
628:k
625:k
617:k
614:k
611:h
600:k
597:k
594:c
586:c
583:c
572:t
569:t
566:t
558:p
555:p
552:f
544:∅
541:∅
538:g
530:ɟ
527:g
524:ɟ
513:g
510:g
507:g
499:ɟ
496:ɟ
482:s
479:d
472:z
464:∅
461:∅
450:d
447:d
436:ɓ
433:ɓ
430:ɓ
422:b
416:b
109:–
74:?
34:.
20:)
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