283:
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38:
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173:
The horses of Mount
Kundudo were rediscovered at the beginning of the 21st century, when a team led by Ethiopian researcher Effa Delesa Kefena explored the ecozones specific to Ethiopian horses. This research highlighted the difficulties of communicating about Ethiopian horses, which are not even
309:, where they are reputed to be rare. They graze on an area of 13 hectares, and drink from a waterhole at the top of the mountain, which never dries up, even in the hot season. They are the last wild horses in East Africa. They are highly threatened with extinction, due to their rarity,
121:
horses almost faces extinction. However by 2022 due to an improvement in awareness, they prospered and their status was a total of 30 feral horses on the top of the mountain protected by guards and the number of this horse breed will be expected to rise if protected well.
870:
238:, due to the low number of founder individuals, isolation over a long period of time, and the absence of crossbreeding with horses of external origin. However, their genetic heritage is neither exceptional nor unique compared to other equine populations of this type.
225:
Kundudo horses are one of eight horse breeds identified in
Ethiopia. And, along with the Borana (the Ethiopian breed from which it diverges the most) Kundudo horses are most distant genetically from the other Ethiopian horse breeds. This study attributes one
262:
time, before releasing them. They are considered to be of little use for this purpose, with little pulling power, and are resistant to the work demanded of them. However, this farmer may have captured or sold some of the
186:
sample and nicknamed her "Basra ". In
October 2010, they counted a total of 18 horses in the mountain area. In 2013, a survey expedition was sent by the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, which counted just 11 horses.
317:. Since 2011, this animal population has been classified as critically endangered. The Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute has put in place conservation procedures, including the freezing of stallion
142:
captured one of them with the help of his uncle, at the age of 10. One oral hypothesis as to the origin of these horses is that their ancestors were military mounts left behind after the
170:
suggests, however, that the
Kundudo may be a sub-population of Abyssinian horses that returned to the wild in the recent past, perhaps during the military events of the 16th century.
117:
into a reserve, which would be opened to tourism by 2011. However, due to the decline in numbers between their discovery and an expedition in 2013, these critically
274:
attraction, based on the tourism potential of wild horse watching. The Namib horses are known worldwide, wrongly, as the only "wild" horses in Africa.
328:
listed the breed as "potentially extinct", the last recorded population of 11 horses in 2013 being too low to ensure the population's sustainability.
222:
with plunging toplines, and paunchy bellies. However, the small number of horses studied means that no consistent morphological data can be deduced.
258:, and constitute one of Africa's three "wild" horse populations, some of them are regularly captured by a local farmer who puts them to work for
394:
270:
Studies suggest that the grazing area at the top of Mount
Kundudo could gradually be turned into a tourist attraction, along the lines of the
936:
818:
138:, gathered from the oldest local inhabitants, has it that these horses have been known for over 200 years, and that the future emperor
790:
90:. There are very few of them, but have been known to the local population for two centuries. They may have come from a small group of
154:
from 1528 to 1560. It is possible that a small group of 10 to 15 horses survived for decades despite the past presence of
234:, the lowest of all Ethiopian horse populations studied. It is likely that these horses have undergone a phenomenon of
195:
301:
database provides no data on numbers, but the herd is tiny. These horses are essentially local, confined to the
399:
Domestic Animal
Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
143:
230:
to
Kundudo alone. The Ethiopian breed closest to Kundudo is the Abyssinian. The population also shows low
972:
342:
101:
They were rediscovered in 2008 during a research expedition. Kundudo horses, with their unattractive
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102:
130:
This population of horses owes its name to the biotope in which it has long evolved in the wild,
118:
472:
920:
Assessment of livestock genetic resource diversity in
Ethiopia: An implication for conservation
942:
932:
890:
786:
325:
231:
882:
337:
167:
163:
162:. However, there is no tangible evidence in favor of an origin theory. The relatively close
109:, were occasionally captured and put to ploughing work by a local farmer, who also sold the
91:
282:
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139:
135:
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363:
321:. The breed's importance in terms of its link with Ethiopian history was emphasized.
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302:
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131:
106:
875:
Animal
Genetic Resources/Ressources Génétiques Animales/Recursos Genéticos Animales
227:
219:
95:
364:"Kundudo feral horse: Trends, status and threats and implication for conservation"
113:. Ethiopian biodiversity conservation authorities recommended transforming their
271:
147:
182:
that had never been groomed and showing no signs of domestication. They took a
17:
886:
198:, as some of them are captured annually by a local farmer, to be put to work.
79:
946:
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134:. Very little is known about their history, as there are no written sources.
927:
Porter, Valerie; Alderson, Lawrence; Hall, Stephen; Sponenberg, Dan (2016).
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well known locally. On 3 January 2008, the researchers first found a single
922:. Vol. 3. Journal of Genetic and Environmental Resources Conservation.
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37:
306:
151:
87:
871:"Morphological diversities and ecozones of Ethiopian horse populations"
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159:
114:
83:
862:
The
Kundido feral horses: Fugitives of the Abyssinian domestic horses
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318:
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245:
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61:
314:
291:
287:
264:
179:
175:
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110:
918:
Mulualem, Tewodros; Molla, Meseret; Getachew, Merkebu (2015).
864:. Vol. 25. Ethiopian Society of Animal Production (ESAP).
183:
562:
929:
Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding
477:
Institute for Breeding Rare and Endangered African Mammals
869:
Kefena, Effa; Dessie, T.; Han, J.; Kurtu, M. (2012).
444:
218:
is described as faulty, with irregular shapes, short
166:
between the Kundudo wild horses and the domesticated
681:
642:
543:
420:
313:, poor breeding practices and the demand for their
47:
819:"There Might Not Be Any Wild Horses Left on Earth"
8:
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30:
194:. These horses are undergoing a process of
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473:"The Kundudo feral horses of Ethiopia"
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94:lost during military conflicts in the
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911:Equine genetic resources of Ethiopia
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931:(6th ed.). CAB International.
781:Briggs, Philip (2015). "Ethiopia".
881:. Animal Genetic Resources: 1–12.
515:
395:"Kundido feral / Ethiopia (Horse)"
25:
860:Kefena, Effa; Dessie, T. (2011).
362:Sufiyan, Abdurazak (April 2022).
956:Kondudo Feral Horses, essentials
36:
210:Basra, 11-year-old Kundudo mare
178:, around 11 years old, with a
1:
146:, which pitted Muslim chief
254:Although these horses have
989:
627:Kefena & Dessie (2011)
887:10.1017/s2078633612000021
368:Global Journal of Zoology
55:
35:
150:against Christian chief
27:African wild horse breed
823:Nat Geo Education Blog
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251:
211:
909:Kefena, Effa (2012).
285:
249:
209:
343:List of horse breeds
256:returned to the wild
62:Equus ferus caballus
783:Bradt Travel Guides
682:Kefena et al. (2012
643:Kefena et al. (2012
563:Porter et al. (2016
544:Kefena et al. (2012
529:, p. 102, 188)
421:Kefena et al. (2012
105:and suffering from
78:is a population of
32:
825:. 27 February 2018
305:region of eastern
295:
252:
212:
144:Ethiopian-Adal war
938:978-1-84593-466-8
326:CAB International
278:Spread and threat
232:genetic diversity
168:Abyssinian horses
92:Abyssinian horses
72:
71:
48:Country of origin
42:Grey Kundudo mare
16:(Redirected from
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196:re-domestication
164:genetic distance
140:Haile Selassie I
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18:Kundudo (horse)
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792:978-1841629223
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136:Oral tradition
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303:Mount Kundudo
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132:Mount Kundudo
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107:consanguinity
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84:Mount Kundudo
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76:Kundudo horse
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54:
50:
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39:
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31:Kundudo horse
19:
973:Horse breeds
955:
928:
919:
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898:. Retrieved
878:
874:
861:
854:Bibliography
844:Kefena (2012
839:
827:. Retrieved
822:
813:
806:Kefena (2012
801:
782:
776:
769:Kefena (2012
764:
757:Kefena (2012
752:
745:Kefena (2012
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733:Kefena (2012
718:Kefena (2012
713:
706:Kefena (2012
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694:Kefena (2012
689:
684:, p. 4)
677:
670:Kefena (2012
655:Kefena (2012
650:
645:, p. 5)
612:Kefena (2012
597:Kefena (2012
578:Kefena (2012
527:Kefena (2012
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480:. Retrieved
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440:
433:Kefena (2012
428:
398:
367:
357:
323:
296:
269:
253:
228:gene cluster
224:
213:
190:There is no
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129:
100:
96:16th century
75:
73:
59:
913:. Haramaya.
900:26 February
829:28 February
272:Namib horse
202:Description
148:Ahmed Gragn
86:in eastern
482:11 January
349:References
216:morphology
119:endangered
103:morphology
82:native to
80:wild horse
958:. IBREAM.
947:948839453
895:2078-6344
324:In 2016,
192:stud book
967:Category
332:See also
307:Ethiopia
286:Kundudo
160:cheetahs
152:Dawit II
88:Ethiopia
51:Ethiopia
785:: 640.
260:harvest
126:History
115:biotope
945:
935:
893:
789:
516:Viganò
299:DAD-IS
214:Their
180:hooves
319:semen
315:foals
265:foals
242:Usage
220:backs
156:lions
111:foals
943:OCLC
933:ISBN
902:2018
891:ISSN
831:2018
787:ISBN
484:2014
297:The
292:foal
290:and
288:mare
176:mare
158:and
74:The
883:doi
184:DNA
98:.
969::
941:.
889:.
879:50
877:.
873:.
821:.
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366:.
267:.
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370:.
20:)
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