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1291:(Earth-touching attitude). The inscription at the base of statue dates to the 10th or 11th century CE. The statue was found during an archaeological dig in 1876. It was restored and enshrined in a temple-like structure in 1927. The shrine lies on the western end of the complex and in front of it is an excavated ruins in the shape of a Buddhist vihar, complete with a central courtyard surrounded by cells. The cells served as living rooms for the Buddhist students.
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1107:, Kushinagar had 3462 households and a total population of 22,214, of which 11,502 were males and 10,712 were females. The population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 2,897. The total number of literate people in Kushinagar was 15,150, which constituted 68.2% of the population with male literacy of 73.3% and female literacy of 62.7%. The
1062:(fourth to seventh century) enlarged the stupa and constructed a temple containing a reclining Buddha statue. This site was abandoned by Buddhist monks around 1200 CE, who fled to escape the invading Muslim army, after which the site decayed during the Islamic rule in India that followed. British archaeologist
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Ramabhar Stupa (also called
Mukutbandhan Chaitya) is the cremation place of Buddha. The site contains a giant stupa unearted during an archaeological dig in 1910. Apart from the giant stupa the complex contains several votif stupa and remains of Buddhist vihars. This site is 1.5 km east of the
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exposed the
Mahaparinirvana stupa and also discovered a 6.1 metres (20 feet) meters long reclining Buddha statue in 1876. In 1901, a Burmese monk named Sayadaw U Chandramani applied to the English Governor of India, seeking his permission to allow pilgrims to worship the reclining Buddha image in
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The earliest mention of the ruins at
Kushinagar in modern literature was in 1837, by D. Liston. Liston noted that it was "an object of worship" and pilgrimage site, but misunderstood the ruins to be the remnants of the fortress of a powerful divinity by the name of Mata Koonr.
1253:
The
Parinirvana Stupa (Nirvana Chaitya) is located just behind the Parinirvana Temple. It was excavated by Carlleyle in the year 1876. During excavations, a copper plate was found, which contained the text of the
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907:; and to the Malls of Kushinagar. In addition to these eight portions, two other important relics were distributed at that time: Drona (the brahmin who distributed the relics) received
1309:
Ruins and brick structures: These are located around the
Parinirvana Temple and Stupa. These are the remains of various monasteries and votive stupas constructed in the ancient period.
1245:ā reclining on his right side with his head to the north, feet to the south, and face towards the west. It is situated on a large brick platform with stone posts at the corners.
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performed archaeological excavations at Matha Kuar shrine and
Ramabhar stupa in 1861-1862. Cunningham was the first archaeologist to identify the ruins as being the site of the
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Ujjwal Mishra (A student) says; "You can visit kushinagar for picnic as there is so much ancient history to see along with its the calmest place in whole kushinagar district".
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Buddha
Expressway to connect these two Buddhist pilgrimage towns. The expressway will be around 200 km long and will greatly reduce the travel time between the towns.
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1880:"Notice of a Colossal Alto-Relievo, known by the name of Mata Koonr, situated near Kussia Tannah, in Pergunnah Sidowa, Eastern Division of Gorakhpur District"
1241:. The statue is 6.10 metres long and is made of a single block of red sandstone. It represents the Buddha in the position he was in when he died and attained
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The present
Kushinagar is identified with Kusavati (in the pre-Buddha period) and Kushinara (in the post-Buddha period). It was the capital of one of the two
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and the statement that plate had been deposited in the
Nirvana Chaitya by one Haribala, who also installed the reclining Buddha statue in the temple.
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unearthed the 1,500-year-old reclining Buddha statue. The site has since then become an important pilgrimage site for
Buddhists.
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Ramabhar Stupa was built over a portion of the Buddha's ashes on the spot where he was cremated by the ancient Malla people.
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Ramabhar Stupa was built over a portion of the Buddha's ashes on the spot where he was cremated by the ancient Malla people.
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1004:. He conducted archaeological campaigns in 1904ā1905, 1905-1906 and 1906ā1907, uncovering a wealth of Buddhist materials.
2431:"India-Nepal agree to establish sister-city relations between Lumbini and Kushinagar; check details of MoUs signed today"
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Archaeological evidence from the 3rd century BCE suggests that Kushinagar was an ancient pilgrimage site. For example,
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reached his eightieth year, he felt that his time in this world was approaching an end. At that time, according to the
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D.ii.126 ff.; Ud.viii.5; the road from PÄvÄ to Kushinagar is mentioned several times in the mss. Vin.ii.284; D.ii.162.
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and laid himself to rest. There, he died and was cremated on the seventh day after his death. The accumulated body of
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named Drona divided the ashes of the Buddha into eight portions. These portions were distributed as follows: to
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Kushinagar is well connected by air, rail, and road. Within the town, public transport is provided by taxis,
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soon after consuming the meal. After the meal, the Buddha crossed the Kakkuttha River (now called the
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Several museums, meditation parks and other temples based on architecture of various Asian countries.
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810:. This would prove to be the Buddha's last meal, as he was afflicted by a painful illness resembling
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Wat Thai Temple: This is a huge complex built in a typical Thai-Buddhist architectural fashion.
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Indo-Japan-Sri Lanka Temple: This is an interesting example of modern Buddhist architecture.
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1388:, Minister of State for Petroleum and Natural Gas in the cabinet of former Prime minister,
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782:), he and some of his disciples undertook a months-long journey that would take them from
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Conjectural reconstruction of the main gate of Kusinagara circa 500 BCE adapted from
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939:. These tumuli have been expanded or reconstructed over many centuries to form large
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A Literary History of Deoria & Kushinagar by M.A. Lari Azad (USM 1998 Ghaziabad)
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2240:
Asher, Frederick (2009). "From place to sight: locations of the BuddhaĀ“s life".
1523:
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1037:
both support the assertion that the Buddha died and was cremated in Kushinagar.
1012:
920:
852:
844:
827:
745:
683:
528:
523:
5135:
3069:
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Patil, D R (1981). Kusīnagara, New Delhi : Archaeological Survey of India.
1728:"MahÄparinibbÄį¹a Sutta (DN 16), translated from the Pali by į¹¬hÄnissaro Bhikkhu"
1594:"Umesh Mishra (IAS) - District Kushinagar, Government of Uttar Pradesh - India"
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806:, a resident of PÄvÄ, invited the group to a meal that featured a food called
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1025:, the Buddha made his journey to Kushinagar, where he walked into a grove of
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1384:, former member of parliament from Indian National Congress, also served as
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were cremated at that location. Originally his ashes were to go only to the
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Mata Bhagawati Devi Mandir: This is a Hindu temple situated at Buddha Ghat.
3380:
1921:"A Tibetan Guide-book to the Lost Sites of the Buddha's Birth and Death",
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Buddha's body was kept at this location for one week, after he attained
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Kushinagar. Excavations continued in the early twentieth century under
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demanded the ashes of the Buddha. In order to resolve this dispute, a
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2469:
Entry on Kusinara (Kushinagar) in the Dictionary of Pali Proper Names
2186:
Richard H. Robinson; Sandra Ann Wawrytko; į¹¬hÄnissaro Bhikkhu (1996).
1713:
1538:
Gautama Buddha's statue in Parinirvana, at the Mahaparinirvana Temple
1472:
1452:
1349:
1041:
972:
908:
884:
868:
840:
783:
741:
558:
425:
1766:. Tullera, NSW, Australia: Buddha Dharma Education Association. 2008
1647:"52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India"
1066:
rediscovered Kushinagar in the late 19th century, and his colleague
1856:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland
5354:
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4935:
4793:
4759:
4739:
4709:
4638:
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3900:
3778:
3773:
3743:
3698:
3545:
3540:
3419:
3124:
2949:
2916:
2906:
1942:
Promotion of Buddhist Tourism Circuits in Selected Asian Countries
1903:
Vogel J Ph. (1950). "Some Buddhist Monasteries in Ancient India".
1353:
1228:
1220:
1212:
1204:
1162:
1045:
940:
787:
773:
284:
178:
1806:
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
1378:, also served as a Member of Legislative Council in Uttar Pradesh
1275:
This shrine contains a 3 m tall seated statue of Buddha. It is a
843:
clan, to which the Buddha belonged. However, six other clans and
4970:
3763:
3429:
2926:
1999:. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology. p. 17.
802:, to their final destination at Kushinagar. It was at PÄvÄ that
638:
294:
5307:
5155:
2482:
919:
received the remaining ashes of the funeral pyre. According to
4628:
3164:
2383:"A trip to Kushinagar, where Buddha attained 'mahaparinirvan'"
2133:
Gina Barns (1995). "An Introduction to Buddhist Archaeology".
2109:
A History of Indian Buddhism: From ÅÄkyamuni to Early MahÄyÄna
831:
shortly after his arrival in Kushinagar. Seven days after his
253:
971:
of the 12th century, although the region was ruled over by a
342:
1574:
Stone plaque pointing towards Buddha relic distribution site
1188:
The Government of Uttar Pradesh has proposed the Kushinagar-
1111:
population was 1,117 (5.03%) and 531 (2.39%) respectively.
2474:
Kushinagar, Archaeological Survey of India, Sarnath Circle
2262:
The Return of the Buddha: Ancient Symbols for a New Nation
1993:
Elizabeth Lyons; Heather Peters; ChŹ»eng-mei Chang (1985).
1086:. On 13 May 1994, it came into being as a new district of
1905:
Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
1851:"XXIV:The Tradition about the Corporeal Relics of Buddha"
2023:
Gardner's Art through the Ages: Non-Western Perspectives
720:
republics. The two Malla republics comprised one of the
652:
19:
This article is about the town. For the district, see
1362:, politician and Member of Parliament for Kushi Nagar
959:
During the medieval period, Kushinagar was under the
943:. Of these, the only one which remains intact is the
1996:
Buddhism: History and Diversity of a Great Tradition
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Mahasukhamdada Chin Thargyi Pagoda (Burmese Temple)
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1267:Parinirvana Temple on the Kushinagar-Deoria road.
752:Location of Gautama Buddha's death and parinirvana
665:, India. Located 53 kilometres (33 miles) east of
642:
2074:
2072:
1237:The statue of the reclining Buddha is inside the
699:, Kushinagara was named for the abundance of the
2189:The Buddhist Religion: A Historical Introduction
1698:. Vol. 1. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India:
1695:Four reports made during the years 1862-63-64-65
1684:
1682:
1082:, Kushinagar remained a part of the district of
967:kings. The city was largely abandoned after the
1945:. United Nations Publications. pp. 23ā24.
1616:
1614:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2165:"The Geography of Buddhist Pilgrimage in Asia"
5319:
5167:
2494:
2158:
2156:
1177:, and cycle rickshaws. The city is served by
923:, Each of these ten portions was placed in a
911:in which the body had been cremated, and the
600:
8:
3276:Basic points unifying TheravÄda and MahÄyÄna
2213:Mark Juergensmeyer; Wade Clark Roof (2011).
2082:An Archaeological History of Indian Buddhism
1841:
1839:
1792:
1790:
1283:. It represents the Buddha seated under the
975:king named Madan Singh in the 15th century.
2085:. Oxford University Press. pp. 23ā24.
818:) and completed his journey to Kushinagar.
758:The Buddha Ā§ Last days and parinirvana
5326:
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5174:
5160:
5152:
2501:
2487:
2479:
987:Kushinagar came back into prominence when
607:
593:
354:
30:
5724:Archaeological monuments in Uttar Pradesh
2405:"ą¤ą¤Ŗą„ą¤ą„ą¤·ą¤æą¤¤ ą¤¹ą„ ą¤®ą¤²ą„ą¤²ą„ą¤ ą¤ą„ ą¤ą„ą¤² ą¤¦ą„ą¤µą„ ą¤ą¤¾ ą¤øą„ą¤„ą¤¾ą¤Ø"
2376:
2374:
2372:
1147:from Kushinagar Assembly constituency is
1011:suggested that the site of the death and
673:, Kushinagar is an important and popular
5562:Cities and towns in Maharajganj district
1927:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
1885:Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal
1716:. Kushinagar District. 20 November 2017.
1386:Minister of State for Road and Transport
618:
5709:Cities and towns in Kushinagar district
5557:Cities and towns in Kushinagar district
4463:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1972:. Oxford University Press. p. 41.
1585:
1562:Relief on the base of a Buddhist statue
1443:Siege of Kushinagar the capital of the
1405:
1058:in Kushinagar. The Hindu rulers of the
1015:of Gautama Buddha was in the region of
623:Map of Kushinagar in relation to other
366:
336:
326:
309:
272:
259:
207:
165:
130:
58:
46:
16:Historical city in Uttar Pradesh, India
5552:Cities and towns in Gorakhpur district
4666:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1109:Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
751:
299:
289:
279:
264:
241:
233:
222:
212:
195:
183:
7:
2464:Official Photo Gallery of Kushinagar
2112:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 101.
2106:Akira Hirakawa; Paul Groner (1993).
2058:, September 1986: 47, archived from
1145:Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA)
5547:Cities and towns in Deoria district
1279:statue carved out of blue stone of
5714:Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India
4453:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
2292:. AltaMira Press. pp. 42ā43.
2219:. SAGE Publications. p. 148.
1352:(Sachchidananda Vatsyayan), noted
1183:Gorakhpur Junction railway station
106:
73:
14:
2381:Datta, Rangan (9 February 2024).
2265:. Routledge. pp. 74ā75, 86.
1121:Kushinagar Lok Sabha constituency
5577:Villages in Maharajganj district
5134:
5124:
5123:
4681:Thai temple art and architecture
4426:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
2666:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
2532:
2519:
2509:
1567:
1555:
1543:
1531:
1515:
1503:
1491:
1479:
1460:
1436:
1424:
1415:The Parinirvana Temple with the
1408:
1330:
1209:Inside the Mahaparinirvan Temple
1179:Kushinagar International Airport
1168:Kushinagar International Airport
955:5th century CE ā 18th century CE
376:
291: ā¢ Additional official
171:
105:
98:
72:
65:
48:
5729:Buddhist sites in Uttar Pradesh
5360:Sohagi Barwa Wildlife Sanctuary
2533:
2216:Encyclopedia of Global Religion
2049:"Sowing the Seeds of the Lotus"
1969:Buddhism: The Illustrated Guide
1455:stupa railing, 1st century BCE.
1225:Buddha statue at Mata Kuar site
630:sites and notable nearby cities
5572:Villages in Gorakhpur district
4671:Japanese Buddhist architecture
4473:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
3553:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
2744:Places where the Buddha stayed
1700:Archaeological Survey of India
1510:Buddha relic distribution site
1:
4686:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
2289:Archaeology of Early Buddhism
2175:. Yale University Press: 3ā4.
2147:10.1080/00438243.1995.9980301
1802:"Asoka and the Buddha-Relics"
1622:"Census of India: Kushinagar"
1368:, former Member of Parliament
1196:As a Buddhist pilgrimage site
4443:Buddhism and the Roman world
4419:Decline of Buddhism in India
4414:History of Buddhism in India
2514: Topics in
2259:Himanshu Prabha Ray (2014).
2026:. Cengage. pp. 13, 31.
1660:. p. 49. Archived from
1658:Ministry of Minority Affairs
1382:Ratanjit Pratap Narain Singh
1321:Kushinagar has one official
1141:2019 Indian general election
1019:. However, according to the
28:Town in Uttar Pradesh, India
5567:Villages in Deoria district
3641:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
3381:
2385:. The Telegraph. My Kolkata
2169:Pilgrimage and Buddhist Art
2047:Huntington, John C (1986),
653:
643:
238:Shri Devi Dayal Verma (PCS)
86:Kushinagar in Uttar Pradesh
5745:
4591:The unanswerable questions
1131:from this constituency is
1052:to mark Buddha's attained
755:
677:, where Buddhists believe
18:
5119:
4676:Buddhist temples in Korea
3239:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3142:Three planes of existence
2749:Buddha in world religions
2528:
1865:10.1017/S0035869X00034857
1814:10.1017/S0035869X00028653
1431:Stupa ruins in Kushinagar
131:
89:Show map of Uttar Pradesh
59:
47:
40:
5504:Lok Sabha constituencies
4458:Persecution of Buddhists
3679:Four stages of awakening
3060:Three marks of existence
2646:Physical characteristics
2163:Robert Stoddard (2010).
2020:Fred S. Kleiner (2009).
1760:"The Buddha's Last Meal"
1125:Indian general elections
675:Buddhist pilgrimage site
3821:Ten principal disciples
2704:(aunt, adoptive mother)
2192:. Thomson. p. 50.
1939:United Nations (2003).
1740:. dhammatalks.org. 2022
1317:International relations
1149:Rajnikant Mani Tripathi
1139:who was elected in the
1119:Kushinagar comes under
1115:Government and politics
1031:archaeological evidence
5592:People from Kushinagar
4531:Buddhism and democracy
4044:Tibetan Buddhist canon
4039:Chinese Buddhist canon
3271:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
3266:Early Buddhist schools
2352:"Places in Kushinagar"
1966:Kevin Trainor (2004).
1626:www.censusindia.gov.in
1234:
1226:
1218:
1210:
1170:
1153:Bharatiya Janata Party
1137:Bharatiya Janata Party
825:, the Buddha attained
703:found in this region.
631:
5719:Ancient Indian cities
5587:People from Gorakhpur
4541:Eight Consciousnesses
2651:Life of Buddha in art
2286:Lars Fogelin (2006).
2079:Lars Fogelin (2015).
1690:Cunningham, Alexander
1397:, former Lok Sabha MP
1232:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1166:
1022:MahÄparinibbÄį¹a Sutta
837:remains of the Buddha
823:MahÄparinibbÄį¹a Sutta
769:MahÄparinibbÄį¹a Sutta
756:Further information:
622:
420:Four Additional Sites
301: ā¢ Regional
281: ā¢ Official
5018:East Asian religions
4448:Buddhism in the West
4019:Early Buddhist texts
3634:Four Right Exertions
3100:Ten spiritual realms
2593:Noble Eightfold Path
2314:"Kushinagar History"
1129:Member of Parliament
1105:2011 Census of India
1064:Alexander Cunningham
989:Alexander Cunningham
697:Alexander Cunningham
329:Vehicle registration
5426:Rivers, dams, lakes
5183:Kushinagar district
5141:Religion portal
4888:Temple of the Tooth
4767:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3806:UpÄsaka and UpÄsikÄ
3299:BodhipakkhiyÄdhammÄ
3082:Two truths doctrine
2902:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2702:Mahapajapati Gotamī
2065:on 28 November 2014
1395:Mr. Baleshwar Yadav
1287:in a pose known as
1068:Archibald Carlleyle
997:Archibald Carlleyle
722:sixteen mahajanpads
671:National Highway 27
659:Kushinagar district
657:) is a town in the
628:Buddhist pilgrimage
387:The Four Main Sites
369:Buddha's Holy Sites
147: /
21:Kushinagar district
5582:People from Deoria
5369:Mythology, history
5335:Gorakhpur division
5063:Western philosophy
4661:Dzong architecture
4483:Vipassana movement
4478:Buddhist modernism
3906:Emperor Wen of Sui
3674:PratyekabuddhayÄna
3607:Threefold Training
3409:Vipassana movement
3125:Hungry Ghost realm
2945:AvidyÄ (Ignorance)
2892:Puį¹į¹a MantÄnÄ«putta
2641:Great Renunciation
2636:Eight Great Events
2518:
1878:Liston, D (1837).
1764:Life of the Buddha
1390:Dr. Manmohan Singh
1295:Other major places
1289:bhumi sparsh mudra
1239:Parinirvana Temple
1235:
1227:
1219:
1211:
1201:Parinirvana Temple
1171:
1143:. As of 2019, the
935:) and buried in a
632:
625:Eight Great Places
266: ā¢ Total
235: ā¢ A.D.M
119:Kushinagar (India)
5696:
5695:
5447:Languages, people
5301:
5300:
5149:
5148:
4787:Om mani padme hum
4493:Women in Buddhism
4409:Buddhist councils
4279:Western countries
4067:MadhyamakÄlaį¹kÄra
3828:Shaolin Monastery
3405:Samatha-vipassanÄ
3015:PratÄ«tyasamutpÄda
2819:Metteyya/Maitreya
2737:
2729:
2721:
2713:
2705:
2697:
2689:
2566:Four Noble Truths
2356:kushinager.nic.in
2318:kushinagar.nic.in
2299:978-0-7591-1444-9
2272:978-1-317-56006-7
2226:978-1-4522-6656-5
2199:978-0-534-20718-2
2135:World Archaeology
2119:978-81-208-0955-0
2092:978-0-19-994822-2
2033:978-0-495-57367-8
2006:978-0-934718-76-9
1979:978-0-19-517398-7
1952:978-92-1-120386-8
1702:. pp. 76ā85.
1598:kushinagar.nic.in
1417:Parinirvana Stupa
1366:Ram Nagina Mishra
1360:Vijay Kumar Dubey
1271:Matha Kuar Shrine
1249:Parinirvana Stupa
1233:Kushinagar Museum
1133:Vijay Kumar Dubey
1103:According to the
1094:Modern Kushinagar
1035:historical record
969:Islamic invasions
821:According to the
617:
616:
353:
352:
250:Vijay Kumar Dubey
214: ā¢ Type
151:26.741Ā°N 83.888Ā°E
122:Show map of India
5736:
5328:
5321:
5314:
5305:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5153:
5139:
5138:
5127:
5126:
4966:Sacred languages
4814:Maya Devi Temple
4777:Mahabodhi Temple
4581:Secular Buddhism
4546:Engaged Buddhism
3386:
3234:Tibetan Buddhism
3185:Vietnamese Thiį»n
2784:MahÄsthÄmaprÄpta
2735:
2727:
2719:
2711:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2536:
2535:
2523:
2513:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2435:
2434:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2401:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2378:
2367:
2366:
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2362:
2348:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2160:
2151:
2150:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2076:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2053:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2017:
2011:
2010:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1936:
1930:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1843:
1834:
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1794:
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1756:
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1710:
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1686:
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1651:
1643:
1637:
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1632:
1618:
1609:
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1606:
1604:
1590:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1519:
1507:
1495:
1483:
1464:
1440:
1428:
1412:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1009:Laurence Waddell
656:
646:
609:
602:
595:
380:
370:
361:
355:
349:
346:
344:
177:
175:
174:
162:
161:
159:
158:
157:
152:
148:
145:
144:
143:
140:
123:
109:
108:
102:
90:
76:
75:
69:
52:
31:
5744:
5743:
5739:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5733:
5699:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5601:Other Divisions
5596:
5535:
5499:
5468:
5442:
5421:
5390:
5364:
5338:
5332:
5302:
5297:
5241:
5185:
5180:
5150:
5145:
5133:
5115:
5067:
4982:
4897:
4634:Ordination hall
4595:
4497:
4468:Buddhist crisis
4380:
4077:
4029:Mahayana sutras
4005:
4001:ThĆch Nhįŗ„t Hįŗ”nh
3832:
3705:
3645:
3595:Bodhisattva vow
3280:
3146:
3086:
3045:Taį¹hÄ (Craving)
2980:Five hindrances
2931:
2823:
2753:
2607:
2552:
2524:
2507:
2460:
2444:
2442:Further reading
2439:
2438:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2414:
2412:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2388:
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2380:
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2350:
2349:
2332:
2322:
2320:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2227:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2200:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2162:
2161:
2154:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2120:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2078:
2077:
2070:
2062:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2034:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2007:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1953:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1929:, 1896, p. 279.
1920:
1916:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1796:
1795:
1788:
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1769:
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1726:
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1712:
1711:
1707:
1688:
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1680:
1670:
1668:
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1649:
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1644:
1640:
1630:
1628:
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1612:
1602:
1600:
1592:
1591:
1587:
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1575:
1572:
1563:
1560:
1551:
1548:
1539:
1536:
1527:
1520:
1511:
1508:
1499:
1498:Wat Thai Temple
1496:
1487:
1484:
1475:
1465:
1456:
1441:
1432:
1429:
1420:
1413:
1404:
1346:
1331:
1329:
1319:
1198:
1161:
1117:
1101:
1096:
1076:
995:of the Buddha.
981:
957:
945:Ramagrama stupa
929:Kanishka casket
760:
754:
714:
709:
693:
613:
584:
583:
549:Ramagrama stupa
454:
446:
445:
421:
413:
412:
388:
368:
359:
341:
172:
170:
155:
153:
149:
146:
141:
138:
136:
134:
133:
127:
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125:
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121:
120:
117:
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110:
93:
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88:
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84:
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77:
55:
43:
36:
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5742:
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5726:
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5694:
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5534:
5533:
5528:
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5507:
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5500:
5498:
5497:
5492:
5487:
5482:
5476:
5474:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5466:
5464:Standard Hindi
5461:
5456:
5450:
5448:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5435:
5429:
5427:
5423:
5422:
5420:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5398:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5389:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5376:Nawab of Awadh
5372:
5370:
5366:
5365:
5363:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5346:
5344:
5340:
5339:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5323:
5316:
5308:
5299:
5298:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5249:
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5243:
5242:
5240:
5239:
5234:
5229:
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5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
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5187:
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5171:
5164:
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5120:
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5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5014:
5013:
5008:
4998:
4992:
4990:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4978:
4973:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4907:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4853:
4848:
4843:
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4826:
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4796:
4791:
4790:
4789:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4717:
4712:
4707:
4702:
4701:
4700:
4698:Greco-Buddhist
4690:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4649:Burmese pagoda
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4605:
4603:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
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4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4439:
4438:
4431:Greco-Buddhism
4428:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4390:
4388:
4382:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4364:United Kingdom
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4309:Czech Republic
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4259:
4258:
4257:
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4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4087:
4085:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4075:
4073:Abhidharmadīpa
4070:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4015:
4013:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3991:B. R. Ambedkar
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3911:Songtsen Gampo
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3842:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3655:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3626:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3590:Eight precepts
3587:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3469:
3464:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3378:
3368:
3363:
3361:Five Strengths
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3301:
3296:
3290:
3288:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3226:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3102:
3096:
3094:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
3000:Mental factors
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2941:
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2852:MahamoggallÄna
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2767:AvalokiteÅvara
2763:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2731:
2723:
2715:
2707:
2699:
2691:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2568:
2562:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2459:
2458:External links
2456:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2422:
2396:
2368:
2330:
2305:
2298:
2278:
2271:
2251:
2232:
2225:
2205:
2198:
2178:
2152:
2141:(2): 166ā168.
2125:
2118:
2098:
2091:
2068:
2039:
2032:
2012:
2005:
1985:
1978:
1958:
1951:
1931:
1914:
1895:
1870:
1835:
1798:Davids, T.W.R.
1786:
1777:
1751:
1719:
1705:
1678:
1667:on 25 May 2017
1638:
1610:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1530:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1478:
1476:
1466:
1459:
1457:
1442:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1423:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1379:
1376:16th Lok Sabha
1369:
1363:
1357:
1345:
1344:Notable people
1342:
1341:
1340:
1339:, Nepal (2022)
1318:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1273:
1272:
1264:
1263:
1262:Ramabhar Stupa
1251:
1250:
1217:Ramabhar Stupa
1203:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1175:auto rickshaws
1160:
1159:Transportation
1157:
1116:
1113:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1075:
1072:
980:
977:
956:
953:
949:Ramgram, Nepal
933:Bimaran casket
753:
750:
713:
710:
708:
705:
692:
689:
679:Gautama Buddha
615:
614:
612:
611:
604:
597:
589:
586:
585:
582:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
444:
443:
438:
433:
428:
422:
419:
418:
415:
414:
411:
410:
405:
400:
395:
389:
386:
385:
382:
381:
373:
372:
364:
363:
351:
350:
339:
335:
334:
331:
325:
324:
314:
308:
307:
302:
298:
297:
292:
288:
287:
282:
278:
277:
271:
270:
267:
263:
262:
258:
257:
247:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
228:
221:
220:
215:
211:
210:
206:
205:
200:
194:
193:
188:
182:
181:
168:
164:
163:
156:26.741; 83.888
129:
128:
118:
112:
111:
104:
103:
97:
96:
95:
94:
85:
79:
78:
71:
70:
64:
63:
62:
61:
60:
57:
56:
53:
45:
44:
41:
38:
37:
34:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5741:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5706:
5704:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5605:
5603:
5599:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5538:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5502:
5496:
5493:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5481:
5478:
5477:
5475:
5471:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5451:
5449:
5445:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5430:
5428:
5424:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5399:
5397:
5393:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5367:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5341:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5322:
5317:
5315:
5310:
5309:
5306:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5268:Dhadha Bujurg
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5244:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5194:
5192:
5188:
5184:
5177:
5172:
5170:
5165:
5163:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5130:
5122:
5121:
5118:
5112:
5109:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5078:
5076:
5074:
5070:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4993:
4991:
4989:
4985:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4968:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4903:Miscellaneous
4900:
4894:
4893:Vegetarianism
4891:
4889:
4886:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4741:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4715:Buddha in art
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4694:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4602:
4598:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4506:
4504:
4500:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4484:
4481:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4420:
4417:
4416:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4387:
4383:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4369:United States
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4260:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4248:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4196:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3926:Padmasambhava
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3839:
3838:Major figures
3835:
3829:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3785:
3784:Western tulku
3782:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3708:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3627:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3585:Five precepts
3583:
3582:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3563:Dhamma vicaya
3561:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3331:BuddhÄbhiį¹£eka
3329:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
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2978:
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2975:Enlightenment
2973:
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2968:
2966:
2965:Dhamma theory
2963:
2961:
2960:Buddha-nature
2958:
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2409:Dainik Jagran
2406:
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2255:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2242:Artibus Asiae
2236:
2233:
2228:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2195:
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2182:
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2166:
2159:
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2075:
2073:
2069:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2002:
1998:
1997:
1989:
1986:
1981:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1962:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1944:
1943:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1923:L. A. Waddell
1918:
1915:
1910:
1906:
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1454:
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1449:Mahajanapadas
1446:
1439:
1434:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1387:
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1377:
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1372:Rajesh Pandey
1370:
1367:
1364:
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1130:
1126:
1122:
1114:
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1110:
1106:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1088:Uttar Pradesh
1085:
1081:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1051:
1048:and placed a
1047:
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1036:
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1023:
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1005:
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930:
927:(such as the
926:
922:
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819:
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808:sukaramaddava
805:
801:
797:
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771:
770:
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749:
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731:
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723:
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706:
704:
702:
698:
695:According to
690:
688:
686:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
663:Uttar Pradesh
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
636:
629:
626:
621:
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499:Kesaria Stupa
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
469:Barabar Caves
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
456:
450:
449:
442:
439:
437:
434:
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429:
427:
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401:
399:
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394:
391:
390:
384:
383:
379:
375:
374:
371:
365:
362:
360:Pilgrimage to
357:
356:
348:
340:
332:
330:
322:
318:
315:
313:
306:
303:
296:
293:
286:
283:
276:
268:
255:
251:
248:
246:
243: ā¢
237:
229:
227:
224: ā¢
219:
216:
204:
201:
199:
192:
191:Uttar Pradesh
189:
187:
180:
169:
160:
132:Coordinates:
101:
68:
51:
39:
32:
26:
22:
5380:
5221:
5197:Dudahi Bazar
5081:Bodhisattvas
5001:Christianity
4996:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć Faith
4861:Dharmachakra
4851:Prayer wheel
4841:Prayer beads
4828:
4609:Architecture
4488:969 Movement
4272:Saudi Arabia
4250:Central Asia
4243:South Africa
4065:
4048:
3981:Panchen Lama
3886:BuddhapÄlita
3482:Satipatthana
3477:Mindful Yoga
3390:Recollection
3304:Brahmavihara
3175:Japanese Zen
3170:Chinese Chan
3130:Animal realm
2937:Key concepts
2759:Bodhisattvas
2571:Three Jewels
2425:
2415:10 September
2413:. Retrieved
2408:
2399:
2387:. Retrieved
2359:. Retrieved
2355:
2321:. Retrieved
2317:
2308:
2288:
2281:
2261:
2254:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2215:
2208:
2188:
2181:
2172:
2168:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2108:
2101:
2081:
2060:the original
2056:Orientations
2055:
2042:
2022:
2015:
1995:
1988:
1968:
1961:
1941:
1934:
1917:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1889:
1883:
1873:
1854:
1805:
1780:
1768:. Retrieved
1763:
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1733:DÄ«gha NikÄya
1731:
1722:
1708:
1694:
1669:. Retrieved
1662:the original
1653:
1641:
1629:. Retrieved
1625:
1601:. Retrieved
1597:
1588:
1419:, Kushinagar
1374:, member of
1320:
1288:
1274:
1265:
1256:Nidana Sutra
1255:
1252:
1242:
1236:
1187:
1172:
1118:
1102:
1099:Demographics
1080:independence
1077:
1074:20th century
1060:Gupta Empire
1053:
1039:
1020:
1006:
1002:J. Ph. Vogel
992:
986:
982:
979:19th century
958:
917:Pipphalivana
832:
826:
822:
820:
816:Khanua River
807:
779:DÄ«gha NikÄya
777:
767:
761:
715:
694:
682:
634:
633:
624:
579:Vikramashila
489:Ellora Caves
397:
230:Umesh Mishra
218:Nagar Palika
25:
5531:Maharajganj
5526:Kushi Nagar
5417:Maharajganj
5386:Parinirvana
4926:Dharma talk
4755:Asalha Puja
4551:Eschatology
4354:Switzerland
4334:New Zealand
4262:Middle East
4171:Philippines
4091:Afghanistan
3896:Bodhidharma
3881:Buddhaghosa
3801:Householder
3711:Monasticism
3664:Bodhisattva
3519:Prostration
3472:Mindfulness
3400:Anapanasati
3383:Kammaį¹į¹hÄna
3180:Korean Seon
3120:Asura realm
3115:Human realm
3055:Ten Fetters
3010:Parinirvana
2912:Uppalavanna
2877:MahÄkaccana
2862:MahÄkassapa
2794:Kį¹£itigarbha
2789:ÄkÄÅagarbha
2686:SuddhodÄna
2631:Four sights
2558:Foundations
1859:: 655ā671.
1808:: 397ā410.
1671:10 February
1654:nclm.nic.in
1631:29 December
1603:30 November
1524:Parinirvana
1323:sister city
1243:parinirvana
1055:parinirvana
1013:parinirvana
993:parinirvana
921:Buddhaghosa
873:Kapilavastu
833:parinirvana
828:parinirvana
796:Bhoganagara
788:PÄį¹aliputta
748:dynasties.
701:kusha grass
684:parinirvana
529:Pataliputra
494:Kapilavastu
479:Chandavaram
453:Other Sites
154: /
5703:Categories
5683:Saharanpur
5638:Chitrakoot
5459:Hindustani
5438:West Rapti
5412:Kushinagar
5381:Kushinagar
5350:Purvanchal
5263:Bhagwanpur
5222:Kushinagar
5212:Kaptanganj
5202:Fazilnagar
5190:Kushinagar
5043:Psychology
5023:Gnosticism
5011:Comparison
5006:Influences
4988:Comparison
4871:Bhavacakra
4829:Kushinagar
4804:Pilgrimage
4750:MÄgha PÅ«jÄ
4705:Bodhi Tree
4521:Buddhology
4511:Abhidharma
4503:Philosophy
4436:Menander I
4304:Costa Rica
4255:Uzbekistan
4096:Bangladesh
4050:Dhammapada
4034:Pali Canon
3996:Ajahn Chah
3976:Dalai Lama
3876:KumÄrajÄ«va
3871:Vasubandhu
3846:The Buddha
3754:Zen master
3689:Sakadagami
3669:Buddhahood
3600:Pratimokį¹£a
3415:Shikantaza
3371:Meditation
3346:Deity yoga
3217:Madhyamaka
3110:Deva realm
3005:Mindstream
2955:Bodhicitta
2867:Aį¹
gulimÄla
2734:Devadatta
2710:YaÅodharÄ
2613:The Buddha
2603:Middle Way
2411:(in Hindi)
1737:Pali Canon
1580:References
1471:relief at
1285:Bodhi Tree
1277:monolithic
1027:sala trees
961:suzerainty
909:the vessel
855:, king of
853:AjÄtasattu
786:, through
776:16 of the
764:the Buddha
654:KuÅinagara
635:Kushinagar
569:Tilaurakot
544:Pushpagiri
398:Kushinagar
343:kushinagar
261:Population
209:Government
203:Kushinagar
142:83Ā°53ā²17ā³E
139:26Ā°44ā²28ā³N
113:Kushinagar
80:Kushinagar
35:Kushinagar
5678:Prayagraj
5673:Moradabad
5643:Devipatan
5516:Gorakhpur
5473:Transport
5407:Gorakhpur
5395:Districts
5253:Amwa Khas
5111:Festivals
5091:Buddhists
5053:Theosophy
4856:Symbolism
4846:Hama yumi
4819:Bodh Gaya
4586:Socialism
4561:Evolution
4536:Economics
4374:Venezuela
4289:Australia
4284:Argentina
4208:Sri Lanka
4203:Singapore
4121:Indonesia
4083:Countries
4024:Tripiį¹aka
3986:Ajahn Mun
3861:Nagarjuna
3856:AÅvaghoį¹£a
3739:AnagÄrika
3734:ÅrÄmaį¹erÄ«
3729:ÅrÄmaį¹era
3724:Bhikkhunī
3684:SotÄpanna
3573:Passaddhi
3514:Offerings
3489:Nekkhamma
3366:Iddhipada
3286:Practices
3256:Theravada
3229:Vajrayana
3222:Yogachara
3192:Pure Land
3105:Six Paths
3092:Cosmology
2872:Anuruddha
2847:SÄriputta
2837:Kaundinya
2829:Disciples
2804:VajrapÄį¹i
2656:Footprint
2621:TathÄgata
2248:(2): 244.
1847:Fleet, JF
1830:163441004
1770:9 October
1744:9 October
1714:"History"
1447:by seven
1007:In 1896,
965:Kalachuri
925:reliquary
899:; to the
897:Veį¹hadÄ«pa
891:; to the
883:; to the
881:Allakappa
875:; to the
867:; to the
861:Licchavis
859:; to the
812:dysentery
691:Etymology
681:attained
667:Gorakhpur
564:Udayagiri
554:Ratnagiri
509:Lalitgiri
464:Amaravati
436:Shravasti
393:Bodh Gaya
312:Time zone
5688:Varanasi
5668:Mirzapur
5628:Bareilly
5623:Azamgarh
5540:See also
5521:Bansgaon
5454:Bhojpuri
5433:Ghaghara
5293:Piparahi
5288:Patherwa
5278:Gurwalia
5273:Gorariya
5258:Belwania
5246:Villages
5227:Padrauna
5129:Category
5058:Violence
5028:Hinduism
4976:Sanskrit
4931:Hinayana
4916:AmitÄbha
4876:Swastika
4745:Uposatha
4735:Holidays
4720:Calendar
4566:Humanism
4404:Kanishka
4394:Timeline
4218:Thailand
4186:Kalmykia
4181:Buryatia
4166:Pakistan
4151:Mongolia
4146:Maldives
4141:Malaysia
4106:Cambodia
3971:Shamarpa
3966:Nichiren
3916:Xuanzang
3851:Nagasena
3769:Rinpoche
3499:PÄramitÄ
3341:Devotion
3261:Navayana
3249:Dzogchen
3212:Nichiren
3160:Mahayana
3152:Branches
3030:Saį¹
khÄra
2779:MaƱjuÅrÄ«
2736:(cousin)
2728:(cousin)
2696:(mother)
2688:(father)
2676:Miracles
2626:Birthday
2543:Glossary
2516:Buddhism
1911:: 27ā32.
1892:: 477ā9.
1849:(1906).
1822:25208320
1800:(1901).
1692:(1871).
1445:Mallakas
1044:built a
1033:and the
1017:Rampurva
889:RÄmagÄma
784:RÄjagį¹ha
712:Iron Age
649:Sanskrit
644:KusinÄrÄ
574:Varanasi
539:Piprahwa
441:Vaishali
431:Sankissa
317:UTC+5:30
305:Bhojpuri
275:Language
198:District
5658:Lucknow
5618:Ayodhya
5613:Aligarh
5495:NH 233B
5343:General
5283:Misroli
5237:Sewarhi
5232:Ramkola
5106:Temples
5086:Buddhas
5048:Science
5038:Judaism
5033:Jainism
4951:Lineage
4911:AbhijƱÄ
4881:Thangka
4824:Sarnath
4809:Lumbini
4730:Funeral
4725:Cuisine
4601:Culture
4576:Reality
4526:Creator
4516:Atomism
4386:History
4359:Ukraine
4319:Germany
4238:Senegal
4228:Vietnam
4156:Myanmar
3956:Shinran
3946:Karmapa
3921:Shandao
3891:DignÄga
3816:ÅrÄvaka
3796:Donchee
3791:Kappiya
3749:Sayadaw
3719:Bhikkhu
3694:AnÄgÄmi
3651:Nirvana
3617:Samadhi
3504:Paritta
3445:Tonglen
3440:Mandala
3395:Smarana
3376:Mantras
3324:Upekkha
3294:Bhavana
3244:Shingon
3197:Tiantai
3050:TathÄtÄ
3040:ÅÅ«nyatÄ
3035:Skandha
3025:Saį¹sÄra
3020:Rebirth
2995:Kleshas
2985:Indriya
2887:Subhūti
2772:Guanyin
2726:Änanda
2718:RÄhula
2598:Nirvana
2538:Outline
2361:17 July
2323:18 July
1735:of the
1402:Gallery
1337:Lumbini
1190:Sarnath
937:tumulus
931:or the
913:Moriyas
893:brahmin
885:Koliyas
857:Magadha
849:Brahmin
734:Kushana
707:History
519:Nalanda
514:Mathura
504:Kosambi
484:Devdaha
474:Bharhut
408:Sarnath
403:Lumbini
338:Website
167:Country
5663:Meerut
5653:Kanpur
5648:Jhansi
5511:Deoria
5485:NH 727
5402:Deoria
5337:topics
5217:Khadda
5101:Sutras
5096:Suttas
4961:Siddhi
4946:Koliya
4921:BrahmÄ
4836:Poetry
4782:Mantra
4772:Kasaya
4644:Pagoda
4624:Kyaung
4619:VihÄra
4614:Temple
4556:Ethics
4399:Ashoka
4349:Sweden
4344:Poland
4339:Norway
4329:Mexico
4314:France
4299:Canada
4294:Brazil
4233:Africa
4213:Taiwan
4176:Russia
4101:Bhutan
4061:Vinaya
3941:Naropa
3931:Saraha
3866:Asanga
3622:PrajƱÄ
3531:Refuge
3494:Nianfo
3455:Tertƶn
3450:Tantra
3435:Ganana
3425:Tukdam
3351:DhyÄna
3319:Mudita
3314:Karuį¹Ä
3207:Risshū
3202:Huayan
3135:Naraka
3075:AnattÄ
3070:Dukkha
3065:Anicca
2970:Dharma
2922:Channa
2857:Änanda
2842:Assaji
2809:Skanda
2712:(wife)
2681:Family
2661:Relics
2586:Sangha
2581:Dharma
2576:Buddha
2389:27 May
2296:
2269:
2223:
2196:
2116:
2089:
2030:
2003:
1976:
1949:
1828:
1820:
1473:Sanchi
1453:Sanchi
1356:writer
1350:Agyeya
1127:. The
1084:Deoria
1078:After
1050:pillar
1042:Ashoka
973:Rajput
941:stupas
901:Mallas
869:Sakyas
865:VesÄli
845:a king
835:, the
798:, and
792:VesÄli
744:, and
742:Harsha
730:Shunga
726:Maurya
559:Sanchi
459:Ajanta
426:Rajgir
269:22,214
176:
5633:Basti
5490:NH 24
5480:NH 28
5355:Awadh
5073:Lists
4941:Kalpa
4936:Iddhi
4799:Music
4794:Mudra
4760:Vassa
4740:Vesak
4710:Budai
4656:Candi
4639:Stupa
4571:Logic
4324:Italy
4223:Tibet
4161:Nepal
4131:Korea
4126:Japan
4116:India
4111:China
4056:Sutra
4011:Texts
3961:DÅgen
3951:HÅnen
3936:AtiÅa
3901:Zhiyi
3811:Achar
3779:Tulku
3774:Geshe
3759:RÅshi
3744:Ajahn
3699:Arhat
3659:Bodhi
3629:VÄ«rya
3546:Sacca
3541:Satya
3536:SÄdhu
3524:Music
3467:Merit
3460:Terma
3420:Zazen
3356:Faith
3309:MettÄ
2990:Karma
2950:Bardo
2917:Asita
2907:Khema
2897:UpÄli
2882:Nanda
2720:(son)
2694:MÄyÄ
2671:Films
2548:Index
2063:(PDF)
2052:(PDF)
1826:S2CID
1818:JSTOR
1665:(PDF)
1650:(PDF)
1354:Hindi
1046:stupa
877:Bulis
841:Sakya
804:Cunda
774:Sutta
762:When
738:Gupta
718:Malla
524:Nasik
333:UP-57
285:Hindi
186:State
179:India
5608:Agra
5207:Hata
4971:PÄįø·i
4956:MÄra
4866:Flag
4267:Iran
4191:Tuva
4136:Laos
3764:Lama
3612:ÅÄ«la
3580:ÅÄ«la
3568:PÄ«ti
3558:Sati
3509:Puja
3430:Koan
3336:DÄna
2927:Yasa
2814:TÄrÄ
2417:2021
2391:2024
2363:2015
2325:2015
2294:ISBN
2267:ISBN
2221:ISBN
2194:ISBN
2114:ISBN
2087:ISBN
2028:ISBN
2001:ISBN
1974:ISBN
1947:ISBN
1772:2022
1746:2022
1673:2019
1633:2019
1605:2022
1469:this
1281:Gaya
1181:and
1123:for
905:PÄvÄ
800:PÄvÄ
746:Pala
639:Pali
534:PÄvÄ
345:.nic
295:Urdu
226:D.M.
42:Town
4693:Art
4629:Wat
3165:Zen
2173:178
2143:doi
1861:doi
1810:doi
1151:of
1135:of
963:of
947:in
915:of
903:of
895:of
887:of
879:of
871:of
863:of
669:on
661:in
347:.in
321:IST
254:BJP
5705::
4195:ru
2407:.
2371:^
2354:.
2333:^
2316:.
2246:69
2244:.
2171:.
2167:.
2155:^
2139:27
2137:.
2071:^
2054:,
1925:.
1907:.
1888:.
1882:.
1853:.
1838:^
1824:.
1816:.
1804:.
1789:^
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1656:.
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1624:.
1613:^
1596:.
1325::
1185:.
1155:.
1090:.
951:.
794:,
790:,
740:,
736:,
732:,
728:,
687:.
651::
647:;
641::
245:MP
5327:e
5320:t
5313:v
5175:e
5168:t
5161:v
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2433:.
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2095:.
2036:.
2009:.
1982:.
1955:.
1909:1
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