528:, China, announced that "former Brigadier Kyaw Zaw has arrived in the liberated area" i.e. the areas under the control of the CPB. The same day Kyaw Zaw broadcast an appeal on CPB radio to the people and especially requested the Burmese Army personnel to join the CPB and "the mainstream of the People's Democratic Forces". Among others, in his appeal to the Burmese Army personnel, Kyaw Zaw stated that he was one of the founding members of the Burmese Army. He rhetorically asked the troops what would have happened to the Army and the country if he had, like Ne Win, then President and long-time dictator of Burma, "acted and cavorted like a feudal play-boy prince". He also revealed for the first time that
578:, and even though many exiled opponents of Ne Win's regime such as former Prime Minister U Nu and Bo Yan Naing, another famous member of the Thirty Comrades, returned to Burma under the Amnesty, Kyaw Zaw did not. In a speech given to the Burma War Veterans Association on July 29, 1982 Ne Win briefly "reminisced" about the Thirty Comrades days and made a brief reference to "Bo Kyaw Zaw- the one that left or ran away". ( A translation of Ne Win's speech can be read in the July 30, 1982 issues of the Rangoon
442:) found that a preponderance of the evidence showed that Brig.Gen. Zaw's role was suspect and recommended his discharge from the Army. He had joined the Communist Party in 1944 and was elected to the Central Committee the following year. He had however decided not to join the Army rebellion led by Communist commanders soon after independence in 1948; he was convalescing from tuberculosis.
541:) and the conditions pertaining at that time i.e. during the war and immediate post-war years. Kyaw Zaw claimed that the unsuccessful and ostensible attempts to remove Ne Win from commanding the Burmese military was a "historical lesson". He exhorted the government troops not to continue as assassins and murderers in the service of the "power-mad and evil king (
666:. Bo Ye Htut, like Bo Zeya (killed in action in 1968) and Bo Yan Aung (killed in the CPB purge of 1967), was one of the Communist members of the Thirty Comrades who led the Army rebellion in 1948 when Bo Kyaw Zaw decided to remain in the Army. Kyaw Zaw had also stated that he always believed the British were behind the assassination of Aung San one way or another.
434:. Kyaw Zaw was wounded by a shrapnel in his thigh in 1949 during the Battle of Insein when the Karen National Defence Organisation (KNDO) laid siege to the capital Rangoon. He was commissioned by Ne Win during the crisis as the commanding officer and Zaw rated this battle as the bitterest with the greatest loss of life in his military career.
52:
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of
February 1960 but was unsuccessful. In April 1963 the Revolutionary Council (RC) led by General Ne Win invited the various armed rebel groups for negotiation in peace talks to be held in Rangoon. During "the peace parley" Kyaw Zaw became an active supporter of the People's Peace Committee
494:
Though Kyaw Zaw was not arrested after the breakdown of the peace talks, in June 1963 dozens of
Burmese politicians and writers who were suspected of having "Communist sympathies" were arrested and jailed without any charge or trial by the RC for several years. Among the detainees in the immediate
601:, and after her death, Aung San Suu Kyi was encouraged to enter politics by Communist sympathisers including Kyaw Zaw's other daughter San Kyaw Zaw. Implicit in the emphasis on this "guilt by association" is to establish the "Communist lineage" from the fact that Aung San Suu Kyi is the niece of
437:
Brig. Gen. Kyaw Zaw was forced to retire from the Army in April 1957 when papers recovered from raids of the
Burmese Communist rebel strongholds located in central Burma indicated that Kyaw Zaw might have contacted and informed the Communists of the Army's movements. A Commission established to
532:
and others among the Thirty
Comrades had once seriously considered removing Ne Win from the military as he had shown "fascist" tendencies under the Japanese. Kyaw Zaw stated that the plan of Aung San and other leaders to remove Ne Win from the military was unsuccessful due to Ne Win's "cunning"
669:
The memoirs of Kyaw Zaw written in
Burmese can be accessed at the CPB web site. It was published outside Burma in 2007 titled "From Hsaisu to Menghai". He was regarded by some as one of only three military leaders in Burma's history that enjoyed the status of teacher in the heart of ordinary
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and remained in Burma for a few years in the early 1950s making occasional forays into China to fight the
Chinese communists. During the period of 1953 to 1955, under Brigadier General Kyaw Zaw's command the Burmese Army fought the Kuomintang and drove them out of Burmese territory into
523:
that Kyaw Zaw's, son Aung Kyaw Zaw and daughter Dr. Hla Kyaw Zaw had disappeared from their homes and requested the public's assistance in finding them. Within several days on August 10, 1976 the clandestine
Communist Party of Burma (CPB) radio station based at that time in
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who took the nom de guerre Bo Tayza, Thakin Shu Maung who became Bo Ne Win and Thakin Shwe who became Bo Kyaw Zaw. Kyaw Zaw was one of the youngest of the Thirty
Comrades. The sole surviving member of the Thirty Comrades today is Bo Yè Htut who is believed to be living in
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When the strike came to an end, a disappointed Kyaw Zaw joined the Dobama
Asiayone and became Thakin Shwe before he returned to Thonze to become a schoolteacher but still active in the political struggle for independence and involved in organising and training the local
567:)and occasionally issues announcements regarding the political situation in Burma, it is now a pale shadow of its former self when it used to have, under its command, an Army or armed resistance groups in the thousands if not in the tens of thousands.
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and returned to Burma with the invading
Japanese Army in early to mid-1942. In a house in Bangkok on December 26, 1941, most of the Thirty Comrades had their blood drawn (in syringes) and poured into a silver bowl from which each of them drank
545:) Ne Win". Kyaw Zaw stated that the "most important aspects of the Army's history such as the Resistance against the Japanese March to May 1945 and the immediate post-war years were co-terminous with my personal life". Giving the examples of
483:, also joined the peace talks headed by the flamboyant Soe himself. The peace parley with the various armed groups, with the exception of the Karen National Defence Organisation (KNDO, the military wing of the KNU) with whom the RC did sign a
352:
Than Sein, but he still had his mind set on learning English, and so at the beginning of 1941 Kyaw Zaw found himself back in Rangoon. He was however soon to be recruited by the Thakin leaders for military training as the struggle for
637:. He believed the Burmese people's struggle for a government they deserved had not finished yet and that they would have to "struggle for themselves courageously, ceaselessly and collectively". The military regime's move to
553:(i.e the Communist victories in Kampuchea, Vietnam and Laos in April and December 1975)" he requested the Army personnel not to be hesitant to "join the armed revolution led by the Communist Party of Burma".
605:, the late CPB Chairman (1945β1967). Kyaw Zaw's son-in-law Thet Khaing was also accused of being a leader of the Communist Underground (UG) responsible for organising the General Strike Committees in both
648:
Kyaw Zaw was then only one of two surviving Thirty Comrades. The Thirty Comrades were a group of Burmese men who secretly left Burma in 1941, and were trained by the Japanese on
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Very few, if any, Burmese military personnel of any import heeded the call of Kyaw Zaw to join forces with the CPB. Instead, mainly due to internal rebellions by the
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who had fled China after the Communist victory in 1949 and had established bases in Burmese territory in the early 1950s. The Kuomintang were supported by the
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in time-honoured tradition) and pledged "eternal loyalty" to each other and to the cause of Burmese independence. Among the Thirty Comrades were Thakin
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agreement, broke down in June 1963, and the representatives of these rebel groups were allowed a safe passage back to their jungle strongholds.
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ethnic groups which constituted the CPB's "People's Army", the CPB virtually collapsed in 1989. Even though the CPB now had a web site (CPB
463:(1876β1964). Many armed groups came to Rangoon, under the promise of a safe passage by the RC which it did honor, for the negotiations. The
625:
Kyaw Zaw, after nearly ten years in exile in 1998, now aged 78, called for a meaningful political dialogue between the ruling junta β the
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gathered momentum, and in April 1941 Kyaw Zaw, aged 21, joined a group of young men who would go down in history as the
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required for university, he went on to the Highergrade Teachers Training School where English was not required.
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After Burma gained independence in 1948, Kyaw Zaw became famous as the commander who fought and defeated the
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in 1988 the Military Intelligence (MI) claimed that both Kyaw Zaw and Thakin Ba Thein Tin had written to
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418:. Between 1954 and 1955, Brig.Gen. Kyaw Zaw also successfully led a campaign against the insurgent
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as the capital of the country, he commented, indicated not so much the fear of invasion by the
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After his discharge from the Army, Kyaw Zaw contested as an independent candidate for
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Burma Communist Party's Conspiracy to take over State Power and related information
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277:(We Burmans Association) who made him become politically aware and soon joined the
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787:. London and New Jersey: Zed Books. pp. 154, 211, 150, 305β306, 368, 366, 92.
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along with another veteran leader, the venerated elder politician and writer
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335:. Kyaw Zaw saw this and was himself slightly injured trampled by a horse.
208:; 3 December 1919 – 10 October 2012) was one of the founders of the
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Tatmadaw Founder Calls on Soldiers to Work for People's Sake Wai Moe,
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Interview with Gen. Kyaw Zaw on the 62nd Anniversary of Resistance Day
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aftermath of the failed peace parley were Aung Than, older brother of
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investigate "In Re the matter of Brig.Gen.Kyaw Zaw" (in Burmese
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Burma's Communist Party Warns Against Superpower Confrontation
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Dec 23 2004, ARDA (Alliance for Reform and Democracy in Asia)
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The Blood-strewn Path: Burma's Early Journey to Independence
752:"The Statement on the Commemoration of Bo Aung Kyaw's Death"
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video: Speech by Gen. Kyaw Zaw - Vote No at the Referendum
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and left Burma secretly smuggled aboard a ship bound for
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successfully picketing the Secretariat, the seat of the
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at the head of the procession beating them with their
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804:"Unfinished Struggle: An Interview with Gen.Kyaw Zaw"
645:as the fear of another popular uprising in future.
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686:Kyaw Zaw died on 10 October 2012 at a hospital in
393:in December 1941. Thakin Shwe was now known by a
785:Burma - Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity
430:and the Commander in Chief of the Army General
268:. There he met teachers who were members of the
248:Shwe in a village called Hsaisu near Thonze in
212:(the modern Burmese Army) and a member of the
1018:"'Thirty Comrades' Survivor's Shwedagon Wish"
734:"Bogyoke Kyaw Zaw's autobiography in Burmese"
549:and "what had happened only very recently in
41:
8:
479:was declared on January 4, 1948, and led by
1108:Possibilities for Political Change in Burma
236:, since 1989 after retiring from politics.
962:"Reconciliation - 'Don't Let's Lose Hope'"
754:. All Burma Students League. December 1999
503:(real name U Htay Myaing, b. 9 May 1919).
307:(the "Revolution of 1300" named after the
50:
18:
1210:Burmese collaborators with Imperial Japan
16:Burmese politician and military commander
988:Yan Pai; Nyein Nyein (10 October 2010).
224:. He was also one of the leaders of the
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331:and killing one of their number called
381:before they returned to Burma as the
220:in the struggle for independence from
897:"An Enduring Legacy Written in Blood"
426:. The Prime Minister at the time was
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165:Independence Mawgunwin (First Class)
960:Tin Maung Than (15 December 2004).
627:State Peace and Development Council
323:who charged into the students from
1069:Living under the Eye of the Dragon
288:). As he was educated only in the
14:
866:"Pyinmana:The Threat from Within"
1215:World War II resistance members
843:. February 1998. Archived from
574:(BSPP) government announced an
572:Burma Socialist Programme Party
305:Htaung thoun ya byei Ayeidawbon
929:"Red Star on a Stormy Journey"
397:Bo Kyaw Zaw (Commander Fame).
348:. Here he met his future wife
1:
670:soldiers; the other two were
631:National League for Democracy
311:year), saw him as one of the
1230:Burmese expatriates in China
1158:Red Star on a Stormy Journey
1047:The Communist Party of Burma
1016:Yan Pai (6 September 2012).
927:Ko Ko Thet (February 2008).
513:Socialist Burmese government
440:Bohmu Gyoke Kyaw Zaw Keik-sa
292:and had no knowledge of the
228:, and had lived in exile in
835:"Comrades Appeal to Ne Win"
539:hna-phet myet hnar loke-hmu
156:Tun Aye Kyaw Zaw (deceased)
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905:. Mar 2005. Archived from
874:. Nov 2005. Archived from
812:. Dec 2003. Archived from
369:. They were then flown to
188:. There is no family name.
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199:
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1082:"A Story of BCP and NLD"
597:Khin Kyi, the mother of
537:), pleasing both sides (
465:Communist Party of Burma
226:Communist Party of Burma
1225:People from Bago Region
511:In late July 1976, the
383:Burma Independence Army
1154:in Burmese, March 2008
783:Smith, Martin (1991).
584:Working People's Daily
154:Kyaw Zaw Oo (deceased)
990:"Exiled Comrade Dies"
736:. CPB. Archived from
613:and infiltrating the
570:In May 1980 Ne Win's
1101:New Light of Myanmar
420:Karen National Union
377:where they received
250:Tharrawaddy District
71:Tharrawaddy District
1131:Heroes and Villains
621:Unfinished business
461:Thakin Kodaw Hmaing
355:national liberation
317:colonial government
1178:, December 3, 2009
454:in the multiparty
446:Civilian interlude
389:with the invading
325:Rangoon University
313:student protesters
303:of 1938, known as
1205:Burmese activists
941:on 14 August 2011
690:, the capital of
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205:[tΙΙΜzΙΜ]
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148:Hla Kyaw Zaw
87:(2012-10-10)
1200:2012 deaths
1195:1919 births
1161:Ko Ko Thett
1065:Sep 30 2005
655:thway thauk
589:During the
521:state radio
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401:Army career
270:nationalist
260:during the
258:novice monk
169:Thray Sithu
121:Thakin Shwe
108:Nationality
28:Thray Sithu
1189:Categories
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1071:Aung Zaw,
1029:13 October
1001:10 October
973:13 October
945:13 October
913:2006-08-26
882:2006-08-28
851:2006-08-27
820:2007-09-04
758:2006-10-16
710:References
702:pagoda in
517:newspapers
501:Dagon Taya
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473:Trotskyist
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407:Kuomintang
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290:vernacular
182:given name
1077:July 2005
700:Shwedagon
551:Indochina
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582:and the
580:Guardian
530:Aung San
497:Aung San
416:Thailand
387:Aung San
363:Yokohama
210:Tatmadaw
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186:Kyaw Zaw
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145:Children
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682:Death
547:China
375:China
367:Japan
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244:Born
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218:Japan
101:China
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