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evidence that the inscription was made for the purpose of being used on the cover of a grave. There are many examples where stone with runic inscriptions was reused for other purposes. It has been suggested that the likely purpose of making the inscription was for practice or instruction in the carving of the Elder
Futhark.
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The fact that the inscription was on the inside of a cover to a grave has resulted in speculation that it represented a use of the Elder
Futhark to pacify the dead man in some manner. However, it has been pointed out that there is nothing in the inscription to support this. In addition, there is no
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word is unknown, but it is possible that it is associated with magic. One suggestion presented by
Marstrander is that it is a magical writing of the word 'eus' (the nominative form of the word horse) starting from the e and writing either way. However, this suggestion has been criticized as being
483:
Düwel, Klaus; Heizmann, Wilhelm (2006). "Das ältere FuÞark: Überlieferlung und
Wirkungsmöglichkeiten der Runenreihe". In Bammesberger, Alfred; Waxenberger, Gabriele; et al. (eds.).
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was written on the underside, and could therefore not be read from above. The dating of the stone from 400 CE is based upon the archeological dating of the graves.
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After the last rune follows a spruce- or tree-like rune, with six twigs to the left and eight to the right of a single stave. This is interpreted as a
515:
Antonsen, Elmer H. (1988). "On the
Mythological Interpretation of the Oldest Runic Inscriptions". In Jazayery, Mohammad Ali; Winter, Werner (eds.).
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337:(ᛉ) upside down (ᛦ). The dots in the image indicate incorrect or unorthodox forms like these in the original inscription. The
608:, or six times 'Týr' and four times 'áss' in the meaning of 'god'. It could be a good protection to take into the grave."
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The Kylver stone is inscribed with the earliest known sequential listing of the 24 runes of the Elder
Futhark,
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which dates from about 400 AD. It is notable for its listing of each of the runes in the
385:"linguistically impossible" for that time period. The small inscription also uses the
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The Kylver stone was found during the excavation of a cemetery near a farm at
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in 1903. The stone was a flat limestone rock used to seal a grave and the
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Spurkland (2005:16): "The twigs on the left of the stave represent six
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that inhabited the region, whose realm laid the basis for what became
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396:. It is also possible that it refers to the Germanic tribe of the
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621:(July–September 1953). "The Inscription on Helmet B of Negau".
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runes while the twigs on the right, in pairs, stand for four
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The Kylver stone was removed from
Gotland and brought to the
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Languages and
Cultures: Studies in Honor of Edgar C. Polomé
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302:…ᚢ ᚦ ᚨ ᚱ ᚲ ᚷ … ᚺ ᚾ ᛁ ᛃ ᛈ ᛇ ᛉ ᛊ ᛏ ᛒ ᛖ ᛗ ᛚ ᛜ ᛞ ᛟ
489:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 31–32.
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330:(ᛒ) mirrored compared to later use, and the
305:u þ a r k g h n i j p ï z s t b e m l ŋ d o
548:. Manchester University Press. p. 14.
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350:(ᚹ) runes are only partially inscribed.
576:. Falun: Historiska Media. p. 44.
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456:Norwegian Runes and Runic Inscriptions
90:Swedish Museum of National Antiquities
542:Elliott, Ralph Warren Victor (1959).
521:. Mouton de Gruyter. pp. 44–45.
7:
431:– Another Elder Futhark inscription.
361:, or possibly of six Tiwaz and four
96:where it is on display As of 2022.
711:Rune- and picture stones on Gotland
376:At a separate space the word ᛊᚢᛖᚢᛊ
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459:. Boydell Press. pp. 2, 16.
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664:Swedish National Heritage Board
27:5th-century runestone in Sweden
1:
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726:Elder Futhark inscriptions
453:Spurkland, Terje (2005).
716:5th-century inscriptions
545:Runes: An Introduction
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619:Reichardt, Konstantin
33:
570:Enoksen, Lars Magnar
687:57.2855°N 18.4401°E
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429:Vadstena bracteate
414:List of runestones
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496:978-3-11-019008-3
83:runic inscription
48:runic inscription
16:(Redirected from
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18:Kylver stone
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647:p. 315
424:Runic magic
382:palindromic
363:Ansuz runes
357:of stacked
104:Inscription
65:Description
46:catalog as
705:Categories
678:18°26′24″E
675:57°17′08″N
660:Photograph
436:References
365:to invoke
359:Tiwaz rune
323:(ᛊ), and
311:with the
94:Stockholm
55:runestone
623:Language
572:(1998).
408:See also
369:and the
355:bindrune
343:(ᚠ) and
721:Gotland
604:runes:
419:Rundata
398:Suiones
79:Gotland
44:Rundata
643:410026
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402:Sweden
75:Stånga
71:Kylver
639:JSTOR
574:Runor
394:-rune
378:sueus
348:runes
328:runes
317:(ᚨ),
578:ISBN
550:ISBN
523:ISBN
491:ISBN
461:ISBN
371:Æsir
335:rune
51:G 88
38:The
631:doi
367:Tyr
92:in
707::
662:–
637:.
627:29
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505:^
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404:.
120:…ᚢ
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73:,
61:.
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633::
602:a
598:t
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499:.
469:.
392:s
346:w
340:f
333:z
326:b
320:s
314:a
298:o
295:ᛟ
290:d
287:ᛞ
282:ŋ
279:ᛜ
274:l
271:ᛚ
266:m
263:ᛗ
258:e
255:ᛖ
250:b
247:ᛒ
242:t
239:ᛏ
234:s
231:ᛊ
226:z
223:ᛉ
218:ï
215:ᛇ
210:p
207:ᛈ
202:j
199:ᛃ
194:i
191:ᛁ
186:n
183:ᚾ
178:h
175:ᚺ
168:…
163:g
160:ᚷ
155:k
152:ᚲ
147:r
144:ᚱ
139:a
136:ᚨ
131:þ
128:ᚦ
123:u
20:)
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