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KV57

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The group continued through into the pillared hall, noting the sections of collapsed ceiling, before continuing into the antechamber where once again they were struck by the fresh colours of the painted decoration. In the burial chamber, the unfinished nature of the decoration drew attention, as did the crumbling columns and fallen sections of ceiling. In addition to fallen limestone, the floor was littered with the remains of the ransacked burial, mostly wooden figures, and some plant material. The open but intact sarcophagus standing in the lower crypt area of the burial chamber attracted immediate attention; it was found to contain a skull and an assortment of bones. More human remains were encountered in the side chambers, including an interment in a sunken chamber inside one of the rooms. Having made a quick exploration, the party retreated back above ground, as the hot, airless tomb did not permit a longer stay.
44: 450: 292: 582: 418: 349: 573: 618: 591: 600: 564: 393:, carved from a single block with additional portrait-headed stoppers, had been smashed apart. Of the contents, only the intestines were noted; the packet had been formed into the shape of a miniature mummy. Parts of four miniature lion-headed embalming tables were also encountered. Life-sized 'guardian statues', broken off at the knee and missing faces or limbs were among the funerary figures recovered. The heads of hippo-headed, cow-headed, and lioness-headed couches were found, as were three large Anubis statues similar to Tutankhamun's 252:; more precisely this layout is known as a jogged axis. The steep descent of the earlier style is combined with the large straight corridors prevalent in the later style. The pillared hall is more square than previous iterations, as it would continue to be in future royal tombs. However, some novel features occur in this tomb that are not seen again, such as the ramp at the top of the stairs leading to the crypt around the sarcophagus, the second set of stairs in this area, and the burial below the floor in one of the storerooms. 60: 609: 433:
identities are unknown but they may have been minor members of the royal family who were not moved when the royal burial was disassembled, remnants of a possible cache, or intrusive burials dating to the Third Intermediate Period. Nicholas Reeves suggests that Horemheb is indeed among the human remains found in KV57. He posits that, based on the ink graffiti, the king's mummy was removed and rewrapped during the
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The tomb consists of a descending entrance stair, a sloping passageway leading to another descending stair, and another passageway that ends in a well shaft. Beyond the well chamber is the first pillared hall. Cut into the floor on the left side of the pillared hall is a staircase, originally sealed,
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instead of simpler mural paintings. Much of the decoration in the burial chamber is unfinished, preserving the process from gridded preliminary sketches, corrections, carving, and finally painting. The use of colour is particularly striking, with the brightly painted figures and hieroglyphs standing
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After admiring the paintings, they pressed further into the tomb. The well was found to be partially filled with debris and was crossed with the aid of a ladder. The decorated wall on the far side of the well had been broken through by ancient robbers who were not fooled by the concealed entrance.
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On 25 February 1908 signs of a tomb were encountered and a day later the stairway was exposed, choked almost entirely with sand and debris. Davis recounts that they dug with their hands and, after clearing enough to admit a person, Ayrton crawled inside in order to find out whose tomb it was. He
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conducted a cursory examination of the human remains and determined that the remains from the side chambers were those of two women, the skulls on the floor of the burial chamber belonged to a man and two women, and the sarcophagus contained the bones of a single person of uncertain sex. Their
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The reliefs in the well chamber and antechamber continue the tradition started in the tomb of Thutmose IV, depicting Horemheb making offerings to gods and goddesses associated with the afterlife; however Nut is here replaced by Isis. The burial chamber decoration uses scenes from the
225:. Due to its location in the valley floor, the tomb was filled with debris that had washed down during occasional flash-flooding. The tomb is markedly different from previous Eighteenth Dynasty royal tombs as it has a straightened axis, and has painted reliefs instead of murals; the 467:
Our first impression on entering these rooms is one of unmitigated admiration. The colours are still so fresh, and the play of tones so harmonious though so bright, the arrangement of the figures on the walls is so well balanced that we can feel nothing but pleasure and
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leading to another descending passage and, via another flight of steps, the antechamber. Beyond this room is the pillared burial chamber, surrounded by storerooms. The floor at the far end of the burial chamber is lowered to create a crypt.
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Little is known of the actual excavation and clearance of the tomb as Davis mentions Ayrton had prepared an "exhaustive report" which could not be included due to the size of Davis' publication, and has since been lost.
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As with earlier tombs, the decoration is confined to three walls of the well chamber, the antechamber, and the burial chamber, though for the first time in a royal tomb, the walls are decorated with painted
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The group slid over the sand and stones that still partially filled the corridors until they reached the edge of the well chamber which contained exquisite decoration. Weigall recounts:
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Much of what little else remained was broken and fragmented due to looting in antiquity. The coffins were represented by small pieces of inscribed cedar wood coated in resin. The
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and torus moulding, and with protective goddesses on each corner. The lid had been removed in antiquity and had snapped along a mended break, indicated by the presence of
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inscription naming Horemheb on the wall some distance inside. A more formal entry occurred on 29 February after further excavation; the party consisted of Davis, Ayrton,
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KV57 was discovered in February 1908 by Edward Ayrton who was excavating on behalf of Theodore Davis. After the discovery and excavation of the 'Gold Tomb' (
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was found with its lid broken, though otherwise intact. The tomb contained the remains of several burials, none of them conclusively belonging to Horemheb.
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This final inscription has been interpreted as recording the first restoration of the burial, or the less likely scenario of the transfer of the body of
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Holding the lamps aloft, the surrounding walls were seen to be covered with wonderfully preserved paintings... Here Horemheb was seen standing before
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12, Day of removing(?)/investigating(?) the burial(?) of King Djoserkheper(u)re Setepenre, by the Vizier, General and Chief of the... Herihor.
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The layout is transitional in form between the 'dog-leg' style of earlier Eighteenth Dynasty tombs and the straight axis tombs of the
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out against the blue-grey background. The excavators were likewise struck by the beauty of the decoration, as Maspero writes:
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sarcophagus, which Davis described as "one of the most beautiful ever found." It was made in the same style as those of
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The presence of black ink graffiti inscriptions were noted at the time of excavation, and were recorded by
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The Treasury Of Ancient Egypt: Miscellaneous Chapters on Ancient Egyptian History and Archaeology
441:, before being returned to the tomb along with other royal mummies, forming a third royal cache. 272:) in January 1908, the clearance of the valley floor continued westward, following the rockface. 874:(Duckworth 2001 reprint ed.). London: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd. pp. 97–109. 608: 1646: 996: 966: 965:(Duckworth 2001 reprint ed.). London: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd. pp. 61–95. 911: 875: 845: 758: 663: 222: 757:(Duckworth 2001 reprint ed.). London: Archibald Constable & Co. Ltd. pp. 1–3. 512: 218: 145: 380: 281: 1026: 992:
The Graffiti of Pharaonic Egypt: Scope and Roles of Informal Writings (c. 3100–332 B.C.)
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The burial chamber of Horemheb, showing the unfinished decoration and his sarcophagus
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some time later. The first inscription, presumably on one of the door posts, reads:
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The Complete Valley of the Kings: Tombs and Treasures of Egypt's Greatest Pharaohs
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Davis, Theodore M.; Maspero, Gaston; Ayrton, Edward; Daressy, George (1908).
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An unfinished scene showing sketching, corrections, and the start of carving
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This article is about the Theban tomb of Horemheb. Not to be confused with
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The largest object still remaining in the tomb was the pharaoh's red
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Proceedings First Vatican Coffin Conference 19–22 June 2013 Volume 2
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Between 2006 and 2007 the tomb was re-excavated in a project led by
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Horemheb making offerings to gods and goddesses; Book of Gates
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Davis, Theodore M.; Maspero, Gaston; Daressy, George (1912).
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Davis, Theodore M.; Maspero, Gaston; Daressy, George (1912).
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Davis, Theodore M.; Maspero, Gaston; Daressy, George (1912).
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is thought to have been originally commissioned for Horemheb.
703:. London: Society of Biblical Archaeology. pp. 116–117. 534:
The graffiti on the right side of the door thickness reads:
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Two of the wooden deity figures, now in the British Museum
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Buildings and structures completed in the 13th century BC
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Valley of the Kings: the decline of a royal necropolis
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The Tomb of Siptah; The Monkey Tomb and the Gold Tomb
697:"Recent Discoveries in the Biban el Moluk of Thebes" 530:
The scribe Butehamun; the king's scribe Djehutymose.
1574: 1546: 1500: 1085: 1070: 372:, in the form of a rectangular pylon complete with 157: 141: 133: 123: 84: 28: 865: 863: 861: 859: 831: 701:Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archaeology 690: 688: 686: 405:with a human-headed stopper was found; it bears a 819:. London: Book Club Associates. pp. 223–228. 511:in the tomb of King Djoserkheper(u)re Setepenre, 838:Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 656:Reeves, Nicholas; Wilkinson, Richard H. (1996). 229:also appears for the first time. The king's red 938:. In Amenta, Alessia; Guichard, Helene (eds.). 929: 927: 782: 780: 778: 776: 774: 1048: 748: 746: 744: 742: 740: 738: 8: 810: 808: 522:Written by the scribe of the general, Kysen. 942:. Edizioni Musei Vaticani. pp. 425–438 1613:List of burials in the Valley of the Kings 1608: 1082: 1055: 1041: 1033: 42: 25: 963:The Tombs of Harmhabi and Touatânkhamanou 872:The Tombs of Harmhabi and Touatânkhamanou 755:The Tombs of Harmhabi and Touatânkhamanou 16:Ancient Egyptian tomb of Pharaoh Horemheb 984: 982: 518:On the left side of the door thickness: 631: 559: 409:inscription naming a certain 'Sanoa.' 264:Location, discovery and investigation 7: 1556:Discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun 1029:includes detailed maps of the tomb. 295:Horemheb is embraced by Hathor as 14: 787:Weigall, Arthur E. P. B. (1911). 552:from his mutilated tomb to KV57. 526:And lower down on the same wall: 1607: 616: 607: 598: 589: 580: 571: 562: 65: 58: 1632:1908 archaeological discoveries 1: 1159:(Ramesses V and Ramesses VI) 1027:Theban Mapping Project: KV57 989:Peden, Alexander J. (2001). 66: 995:. Brill. pp. 207–208. 936:"The coffin of Ramesses II" 1663: 1561:Amarna Royal Tombs Project 830:van Dijk, Jacobus (2008). 695:Ayrton, Edward R. (1908). 18: 1605: 934:Reeves, Nicholas (2017). 338:Geoffrey Thorndike Martin 165: 151:Geoffrey Thorndike Martin 53: 41: 33: 21:his earlier Memphite tomb 1196:(Twosret and Sethnakhte) 217:The tomb was located by 128:East Valley of the Kings 503:22, by the Army-Scribe 108:25.739889°N 32.600722°E 1566:Theban Mapping Project 906:Reeves, C. N. (1990). 546: 532: 524: 516: 470: 454: 426: 353: 321: 300: 299:, Mistress of the West 260: 206:and is located in the 1127:(sons of Ramesses II) 1111:(son of Ramesses III) 536: 528: 520: 497:Written in Year 4, 4 495: 465: 452: 420: 351: 305: 294: 258: 221:in February 1908 for 194:is the royal tomb of 1592:Valley of the Queens 815:Romer, John (1981). 481:for the first time. 430:Grafton Elliot Smith 113:25.739889; 32.600722 1642:Valley of the Kings 1236:(Mentuherkhepeshef) 1064:Valley of the Kings 817:Valley of the Kings 421:The Sarcophagus of 284:, Max Dalison, and 208:Valley of the Kings 104: /  455: 427: 354: 301: 261: 250:Nineteenth Dynasty 204:Eighteenth Dynasty 1619: 1618: 1542: 1541: 1519: 1511: 1487: 1474: 1446: 1398: 1390: 1382: 1374: 1361: 1353: 1330: 1317: 1309: 1301: 1288: 1245: 1237: 1229: 1221: 1213: 1205: 1197: 1189: 1176: 1168: 1160: 1152: 1144: 1136: 1128: 1120: 1112: 1104: 1096: 1002:978-90-04-12112-6 669:978-0-500-28403-2 259:Schematic of KV57 189: 188: 142:Excavated by 1654: 1611: 1610: 1517: 1509: 1485: 1472: 1444: 1396: 1388: 1381:(Yuya and Thuya) 1380: 1372: 1359: 1351: 1328: 1315: 1307: 1299: 1286: 1243: 1235: 1227: 1219: 1211: 1203: 1195: 1187: 1174: 1166: 1158: 1150: 1142: 1134: 1126: 1118: 1110: 1102: 1094: 1083: 1057: 1050: 1043: 1034: 1014: 1013: 1011: 1009: 986: 977: 976: 958: 952: 951: 949: 947: 931: 922: 921: 903: 886: 885: 867: 854: 853: 835: 827: 821: 820: 812: 803: 802: 800: 798: 784: 769: 768: 750: 733: 732: 730: 728: 722: 711: 705: 704: 692: 681: 680: 678: 676: 653: 620: 611: 602: 593: 584: 575: 566: 381:butterfly cramps 146:Edward R. Ayrton 137:22 February 1908 119: 118: 116: 115: 114: 109: 105: 102: 101: 100: 97: 69: 68: 62: 46: 26: 1662: 1661: 1657: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1652: 1651: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1601: 1570: 1538: 1510:(Amenhotep III) 1496: 1486:(Nehmes Bastet) 1074: 1066: 1061: 1023: 1018: 1017: 1007: 1005: 1003: 988: 987: 980: 973: 960: 959: 955: 945: 943: 933: 932: 925: 918: 905: 904: 889: 882: 869: 868: 857: 829: 828: 824: 814: 813: 806: 796: 794: 786: 785: 772: 765: 752: 751: 736: 726: 724: 720: 713: 712: 708: 694: 693: 684: 674: 672: 670: 655: 654: 633: 628: 621: 612: 603: 594: 585: 576: 567: 558: 487: 477:instead of the 447: 415: 346: 334: 266: 242: 185: 181: 175: 171: 149: 112: 110: 106: 103: 98: 95: 93: 91: 90: 80: 79: 78: 77: 76: 75: 74: 70: 49: 34:Burial site of 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1660: 1658: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1624: 1623: 1617: 1616: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1599: 1589: 1584: 1582:Deir el-Medina 1578: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1552: 1550: 1544: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1537: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1513: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1495: 1494: 1489: 1481: 1476: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1392: 1384: 1376: 1368: 1363: 1355: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1324: 1319: 1311: 1308:(Amenhotep II) 1303: 1300:(Thutmose III) 1295: 1290: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1239: 1231: 1223: 1215: 1207: 1199: 1191: 1183: 1178: 1175:(Ramesses III) 1170: 1162: 1154: 1146: 1138: 1130: 1122: 1114: 1106: 1098: 1095:(Ramesses VII) 1089: 1087: 1080: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1060: 1059: 1052: 1045: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1022: 1021:External links 1019: 1016: 1015: 1001: 978: 971: 953: 923: 916: 887: 880: 855: 822: 804: 770: 763: 734: 706: 682: 668: 630: 629: 627: 624: 623: 622: 615: 613: 606: 604: 597: 595: 588: 586: 579: 577: 570: 568: 561: 557: 554: 486: 483: 446: 443: 414: 411: 399:British Museum 345: 342: 333: 330: 286:Arthur Weigall 276:encountered a 265: 262: 241: 238: 223:Theodore Davis 187: 186: 176: 166: 163: 162: 159: 155: 154: 143: 139: 138: 135: 131: 130: 125: 121: 120: 88: 82: 81: 72: 71: 64: 63: 57: 56: 55: 54: 51: 50: 47: 39: 38: 31: 30: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1659: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1629: 1627: 1614: 1604: 1597: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1545: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1514: 1512: 1506: 1505: 1503: 1499: 1493: 1490: 1488: 1482: 1480: 1477: 1475: 1473:(Tutankhamun) 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1393: 1391: 1385: 1383: 1377: 1375: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1360:(Thutmose IV) 1356: 1354: 1348: 1346: 1343: 1341: 1338: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1312: 1310: 1304: 1302: 1296: 1294: 1291: 1289: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1261: 1258: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1240: 1238: 1232: 1230: 1224: 1222: 1216: 1214: 1208: 1206: 1200: 1198: 1192: 1190: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1171: 1169: 1163: 1161: 1155: 1153: 1147: 1145: 1143:(Ramesses II) 1139: 1137: 1135:(Ramesses IX) 1131: 1129: 1123: 1121: 1119:(Ramesses XI) 1115: 1113: 1107: 1105: 1103:(Ramesses IV) 1099: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1058: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1039: 1038: 1035: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1004: 998: 994: 993: 985: 983: 979: 974: 972:0-7156-3072-5 968: 964: 957: 954: 941: 937: 930: 928: 924: 919: 917:0-7103-0368-8 913: 909: 902: 900: 898: 896: 894: 892: 888: 883: 881:0-7156-3072-5 877: 873: 866: 864: 862: 860: 856: 851: 847: 843: 839: 834: 826: 823: 818: 811: 809: 805: 792: 791: 783: 781: 779: 777: 775: 771: 766: 764:0-7156-3072-5 760: 756: 749: 747: 745: 743: 741: 739: 735: 719: 718: 710: 707: 702: 698: 691: 689: 687: 683: 671: 665: 661: 660: 652: 650: 648: 646: 644: 642: 640: 638: 636: 632: 625: 619: 614: 610: 605: 601: 596: 592: 587: 583: 578: 574: 569: 565: 560: 555: 553: 551: 545: 543: 542: 538:Year 6, 2(?) 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 514: 510: 506: 502: 501: 494: 492: 491:Alan Gardiner 484: 482: 480: 476: 475:Book of Gates 469: 468:satisfaction. 464: 461: 451: 444: 442: 440: 436: 431: 424: 419: 413:Human remains 412: 410: 408: 404: 400: 396: 395:Anubis shrine 392: 391:canopic chest 389: 384: 382: 378: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 350: 343: 341: 339: 332:Re-excavation 331: 329: 325: 320: 318: 314: 310: 304: 298: 293: 289: 287: 283: 279: 273: 271: 263: 257: 253: 251: 246: 239: 237: 235: 232: 228: 227:Book of Gates 224: 220: 219:Edward Ayrton 215: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 184: 179: 174: 170: 164: 160: 156: 152: 147: 144: 140: 136: 132: 129: 126: 122: 117: 89: 87: 83: 61: 52: 45: 40: 37: 32: 27: 22: 1442: 1397:(Amenemipet) 1329:(Thutmose I) 1244:(Hatshepsut) 1228:(Ramesses X) 1212:(Ramesses I) 1006:. 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Retrieved 658: 547: 540: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 508: 499: 496: 488: 471: 466: 456: 428: 385: 355: 335: 326: 322: 306: 302: 282:Harold Jones 274: 267: 247: 243: 216: 191: 190: 177: 168: 99:32°36′02.6″E 96:25°44′23.6″N 1587:Royal Cache 1548:Exploration 1501:West Valley 1316:(Maiherpri) 1167:(Amenmesse) 1151:(Merenptah) 1086:East Valley 946:15 December 844:: 193–200. 460:bas-reliefs 439:Ramesses II 435:Wehem Mesut 423:Ramesses II 403:canopic jar 366:Tutankhamun 234:sarcophagus 198:, the last 111: / 86:Coordinates 1626:Categories 1445:(Horemheb) 1352:(Sennefer) 1008:22 October 797:22 October 727:23 October 626:References 445:Decoration 158:Decoration 134:Discovered 1373:(Userhet) 1204:(Seti II) 850:0065-9991 505:Butehamun 388:alabaster 362:Akhenaten 192:Tomb KV57 1647:Horemheb 1575:See also 1389:(Siptah) 1220:(Seti I) 485:Graffiti 407:hieratic 344:Contents 278:hieratic 196:Horemheb 169:Previous 153:(2006-7) 124:Location 36:Horemheb 1596:burials 1287:(Tia'a) 556:Gallery 377:cornice 374:cavetto 358:granite 297:Imentet 231:granite 202:of the 200:pharaoh 180: â†’ 167:←  999:  969:  914:  878:  848:  761:  675:8 July 666:  513:l.p.h. 479:Amduat 368:, and 313:Osiris 240:Layout 148:(1908) 1516:WV23 1508:WV22 1484:KV64 1471:KV62 1443:KV57 1395:KV48 1387:KV47 1379:KV46 1371:KV45 1358:KV43 1350:KV42 1327:KV38 1314:KV36 1306:KV35 1298:KV34 1285:KV32 1242:KV20 1234:KV19 1226:KV18 1218:KV17 1210:KV16 1202:KV15 1194:KV14 1188:(Bay) 1186:KV13 1173:KV11 1165:KV10 1077:minor 1072:Tombs 721:(PDF) 541:Akhet 509:pr-ḏt 500:Akhet 317:Horus 212:Egypt 1529:WV25 1524:WV24 1518:(Ay) 1492:KV65 1479:KV63 1466:KV61 1461:KV60 1456:KV59 1451:KV58 1438:KV56 1433:KV55 1428:KV54 1423:KV53 1418:KV52 1413:KV51 1408:KV50 1403:KV49 1366:KV44 1345:KV41 1340:KV40 1335:KV39 1322:KV37 1293:KV33 1280:KV31 1275:KV30 1270:KV29 1265:KV28 1260:KV27 1255:KV26 1250:KV21 1181:KV12 1157:KV9 1149:KV8 1141:KV7 1133:KV6 1125:KV5 1117:KV4 1109:KV3 1101:KV2 1093:KV1 1010:2020 997:ISBN 967:ISBN 948:2021 912:ISBN 876:ISBN 846:ISSN 799:2020 759:ISBN 729:2020 677:2022 664:ISBN 309:Isis 270:KV56 183:KV58 178:Next 173:KV56 73:KV57 29:KV57 1534:WVA 1628:: 981:^ 926:^ 890:^ 858:^ 842:44 840:. 836:. 807:^ 773:^ 737:^ 699:. 685:^ 634:^ 550:Ay 370:Ay 364:, 315:, 311:, 288:. 214:. 210:, 1598:) 1594:( 1079:) 1075:( 1056:e 1049:t 1042:v 1012:. 975:. 950:. 920:. 884:. 852:. 801:. 767:. 731:. 679:. 23:.

Index

his earlier Memphite tomb
Horemheb

KV57 is located in Egypt
Coordinates
25°44′23.6″N 32°36′02.6″E / 25.739889°N 32.600722°E / 25.739889; 32.600722
East Valley of the Kings
Edward R. Ayrton
Geoffrey Thorndike Martin
KV56
KV58
Horemheb
pharaoh
Eighteenth Dynasty
Valley of the Kings
Egypt
Edward Ayrton
Theodore Davis
Book of Gates
granite
sarcophagus
Nineteenth Dynasty

KV56
hieratic
Harold Jones
Arthur Weigall

Imentet
Isis

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