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floating on the water and a smell of sulfur. One of the pilots reported it looked similar to volcanic eruption he had witnessed in the
Philippines in 1952. Subsequent flights were flown out, and pilots reported yellow-colored water around Kaʻena Ridge. Within days, brown pumice began washing up on
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the shores of Oʻahu, and dead whales were reported around the area. A 1991 study found that lava had recently erupted in the area but couldn't determine the exact date, but it did state that an eruption in the 1900s could have occurred, or the volcanism may have occurred in the past 1,000 years.
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Kaʻena Ridge was the oldest of the three volcanoes to form Oʻahu and it was also the shortest when it grew out of sea level. It was about 3,000 ft.
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Activity from Kaʻena began roughly 5 million years ago. Despite being Oʻahu's oldest volcano, it broke sea level 400,000 years after the
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did. This is due to Kaʻena being built on a lower sea depth, whereas other Oʻahu volcanoes were built on pre-existing ridges.
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In its current state, the crest of the Kaʻena Ridge extends 35–55 km wide and is located 75–100 km northwest of
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403:"Raising Islands--Hawai'i science and environment: New clarity on mysterious 1956 eruption in Kauai channel"
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332:"Growth History of Kaena Volcano, the Isolated, Dominantly Submarine, Precursor Volcano to Oahu, Hawaii"
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259:"Lost peak: UH researchers uncover evidence of Kaena Volcano, part of a trio that formed Oahu"
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Submerged remnant of an ancient shield volcano to the north of the
Hawaiian Island of Oʻahu
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simultaneously emerged. Kaʻena would later submerge below sea level at an unknown date.
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that is to the north of and once comprised the northern section of the
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On May 22, 1956, a military plane flying to Oʻahu reported brown
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List of volcanoes in the
Hawaiian – Emperor seamount chain
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355:"The Kaena Ridge Submarine Rift Zone off Oahu, Hawaii"
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53:Location of Kaʻena Volcano in the Hawaiian Islands
304:"Ancient underwater volcano discovered in Hawaii"
196:Around 3 million years ago, Kaʻena, Waiʻanae and
407:Raising Islands--Hawai'i science and environment
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330:Sinton, J. M.; Eason, D. E. (2014-12-01).
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268:. Honolulu, HI: Oahu Publications Inc. (
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166:, is a submerged remnant of an ancient
1122:Extinct volcanoes of the United States
302:McManus, Malia Mattoch (2014-05-20).
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818:1955 Hawaiian submarine eruption
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1117:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain
914:Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain
909:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
899:Evolution of Hawaiian volcanoes
73:−3,937 ft (−1,200 m)
1:
1137:Pleistocene shield volcanoes
1127:Polygenetic shield volcanoes
1065:. You can help Knowledge by
1008:. You can help Knowledge by
1004:state location article is a
924:Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
378:"Unnamed Submarine Volcano"
353:Smith, J. R. (2002-12-01).
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987:
838:2022 eruption of Mauna Loa
828:1984 eruption of Mauna Loa
823:1975 eruption of Mauna Loa
359:AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
336:AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts
162:, also referred to as the
1132:Pliocene shield volcanoes
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629:North Arch volcanic field
477:South Arch volcanic field
26:
833:2018 lower Puna eruption
265:Honolulu Star-Advertiser
256:Borg, Jim (2014-05-10).
969:Puna Geothermal Venture
904:Haleakalā National Park
1152:Hawaii geography stubs
710:Pearl and Hermes Atoll
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101:21.82194°N 158.77194°W
665:French Frigate Shoals
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401:T, Jan (2014-05-11).
597:East Molokai Volcano
592:West Molokai Volcano
272:). pp. A1, A7.
106:21.82194; -158.77194
944:Mauna Loa eruptions
843:Keanakakoi eruption
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454:Hawaiian volcanism
63:Highest point
1157:Volcanology stubs
1112:Volcanoes of Oahu
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919:Hawaiian eruption
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809:Notable eruptions
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1067:expanding it
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1010:expanding it
999:
984:
964:Pele's tears
954:Pele (deity)
853:Halemaʻumaʻu
695:Midway Atoll
618:
601:
587:Penguin Bank
559:
552:
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410:. Retrieved
406:
396:
385:. Retrieved
382:Volcano Live
381:
371:
365:: T62A–1300.
362:
358:
348:
342:: V11B–4696.
339:
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311:. Retrieved
307:
281:. Retrieved
263:
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205:Kaʻena Point
202:
195:
188:
185:
163:
160:Kaʻena Ridge
159:
158:
47:Kaʻena Ridge
22:Kaʻena Ridge
1059:volcanology
959:Pele's hair
939:Limu o Pele
894:ʻAʻā (lava)
863:Kīlauea Iki
501:Kīlauea Iki
270:Black Press
104: /
92:158°46′19″W
79:Coordinates
1106:Categories
675:Kure Atoll
540:Kahoʻolawe
412:2024-07-03
387:2024-07-03
313:2021-05-07
283:2014-05-10
236:References
140:Submerged
89:21°49′19″N
878:Puʻu ʻŌʻō
868:Mauna Ulu
811:and vents
740:Daikakuji
722:Seamounts
690:Maro Reef
577:West Maui
572:Haleakalā
529:Mauna Kea
519:Mauna Loa
513:Mauna Ulu
509:Puʻu ʻŌʻō
125:Hawaii US
117:Geography
69:Elevation
634:Waiʻanae
614:Honolulu
582:Molokaʻi
524:Hualālai
487:Māhukona
467:Windward
456:topics (
278:50065755
224:See also
191:Waiʻanae
122:Location
1002:Hawaiʻi
800:Yuryaku
780:Nintoku
750:Hancock
745:Detroit
735:Colahan
720:Emperor
655:Leeward
624:Koʻolau
603:Niʻihau
497:Kīlauea
492:Hawaiʻi
308:Reuters
211:History
198:Koʻolau
182:Geology
130:Geology
887:Topics
765:Kimmei
730:Abbott
680:Laysan
619:Kaʻena
561:Lānaʻi
554:Kaʻula
547:Kauaʻi
534:Kohala
276:
217:pumice
1057:This
1000:This
795:Yomei
790:Suiko
775:Meiji
760:Kammu
755:Jingū
705:Nihoa
657:Isles
609:Oʻahu
469:Isles
176:Oʻahu
153:1956?
1063:stub
1006:stub
785:Ojin
770:Koko
567:Maui
458:list
274:OCLC
174:of
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363:62
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340:11
338:.
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322:^
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292:^
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499:(
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446:e
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
