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were used together with the excrement of the cattle as fertilizer for the surrounding fields, led to further removal of nutrients from the soil. Furthermore, from the 13th century, people began to drain the local bogs to extract peat for fuel. From the 1850s, people began to either reforest the heathlands in the
Antwerp region with conifers or convert them to farmland. As one of the last larger heath areas, the Belgian part of today's park was declared a landscape protection area as early as 1941. The area has been part of the
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Originally, the area was covered with the deciduous forests typical of
Central Europe. However, centuries of using the area as grazing land for cattle and sheep led to a significant decline in vegetation and the emergence of extensive heathland. The removal of sods practiced in the Middle Ages, which
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Shortly before the turn of the millennium, considerations arose of combining the nature reserves on both sides of the border into a single, coherent reserve. In 2001, these led to the establishment of the border park De Zoom – Kalmthoutse Heide with a total area of around 4,000 hectares. The Dutch
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part received the official status of a national park in the same year. A decade later, the park's area was expanded by another 2,000 hectares to its current size.
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since 1986. On 17 October 1988, the
Flemish part was designated a bird sanctuary (Dutch Vogelrichtlijngebied), the Dutch part followed a few years later.
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organisations are represented. The park is owned by the state of
Flanders, the municipality
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is a cross-border park on the
Belgian–Dutch border. It is a merger of two former parks, the
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and several private owners. The best known part of the border park lies in
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Ramsar
Convention for the Protection of Important Wetlands
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The park is managed by a special commission in which both
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Bijzondere
Commissie "Grenspark De Zoom-Kalmthoutse Heide"
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294:) and stretches from the border to the villages
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425:Ramsar Information Sheet on Kalmthoutse Heide
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218:De Zoom–Kalmthoutse Heide Cross-Border Park
30:De Zoom–Kalmthoutse Heide Cross-Border Park
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815:Tourist attractions in Antwerp Province
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770:2001 establishments in the Netherlands
365:"LIFE 3.0 - LIFE Project Public Page"
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35:Grenspark De Zoom - Kalmthoutse Heide
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760:Protected areas established in 2001
392:"Evenementenkalender Brabantse Wal"
137:37.5 km (14.5 sq mi)
703:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
646:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
278:, in the north of the province of
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785:National parks of the Netherlands
484:National Parks of the Netherlands
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765:2001 establishments in Belgium
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840:North Brabant geography stubs
810:Geography of Antwerp Province
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613:More info on national parks
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780:Forests of the Netherlands
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540:Loonse en Drunense Duinen
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447:Kalmthout Heath in winter
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69:Map of the National Park
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795:Ramsar sites in Belgium
790:Nature parks in Belgium
805:Parks in North Brabant
699:location article is a
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596:Zoom–Kalmthoutse Heide
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372:webgate.ec.europa.eu
118:51.39528°N 4.44111°E
575:Utrechtse Heuvelrug
565:Sallandse Heuvelrug
337:"Kalmthoutse Heide"
150:Governing body
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123:51.39528; 4.44111
18:Kalmthoutse Heide
16:(Redirected from
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400:. Retrieved
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195:4 March 1986
162:.grensparkzk
830:Woensdrecht
535:Lauwersmeer
530:Hoge Veluwe
525:Groote Peel
495:Alde Feanen
288:Woensdrecht
241:Netherlands
142:Established
121: /
97:Coordinates
83:Netherlands
744:Categories
586:Veluwezoom
582:(proposed)
555:Nieuw Land
545:Maasduinen
402:2022-06-17
398:(in Dutch)
377:2022-06-17
323:References
296:Huijbergen
290:(province
192:Designated
106:51°23′43″N
825:Kalmthout
500:Biesbosch
439:in summer
260:Kalmthout
109:4°26′28″E
580:Van Gogh
349:25 April
75:Location
550:Meinweg
306:History
280:Antwerp
276:Belgium
252:Flemish
239:in the
237:De Zoom
233:Belgium
91:Belgium
87:Antwerp
342:Ramsar
695:This
638:This
368:(PDF)
300:Putte
284:Essen
256:Dutch
245:heath
701:stub
644:stub
351:2018
298:and
254:and
235:and
145:2001
134:Area
85:and
44:II (
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164:.nl
160:www
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
