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554:"here are today two distinct standards emerging in the literature of KRDS speakers. The variety of central Jhapa features in an increasing number of publications aimed at speakers in Nepal. The variety of eastern Cooch Behar is likewise increasingly used for publications aimed at the Rajbanshis and deshi Muslims of northern West Bengal and western Assam. (
446:"Furthermore, since the 16th century, the KRDS lects have undergone differentiation from one another. This diversification is not merely the result of ‘contamination’ with other languages; it is natural in human society that lects spoken by differentiated speech communities tend to become linguistically differentiated." (
417:"The linguistic history reconstructed here shows that all KRDS lects—whether the ‘Rajbanshi’ of Morang district in Nepal, the ‘sthaniyo bhasha’ (local language) of Rangpur in Bangladesh, or the ‘Kamta’ of Cooch Behar in India—share a common ancestor, which for historical reasons may be termed proto-Kamta." (
433:"On sociohistorical grounds, this stage is termed ‘proto Kamta’ ... and assigned the chronology of approximately AD 1250–1550: sandwiched between the establishment of the Kamrupa capital at Kamtapur in 1250, and the political (and plausibly linguistic) expansion under Koch King Nara Narayana in 1550." (
300:
These modern lects could be categorised into three groups: western, central and eastern. Unlike the
Assamese, Bengali, Hindi and Nepali languages which were standardised and propagated in the 19th and 20th centuries, the KRNB lects were not standardised. As a result, the KRNB lects became diglossic
237:
The proto-languages of the eastern
Magadhan languages. Kamarupa Prakrit corresponds to ?proto-Kamarupa here, a hitherto un-reconstructed proto-language. The period corresponds to earlier than 1250 CE, when proto-Kamta began to innovate unique
404:"Proto Kamta took its inheritance from ?pKamrupa (and before that from ?pGaudaKamrupa), innovated the unique features outlined above during AD 1250–1550, and then split into three main sections (western, central, eastern)..." (
528:"The standardisation of Bangla, Asamiya, Nepali and Hindi, and the propagation of these standardised varieties during the 19th and 20th centuries has had significant effects upon the KRDS lects." (
308:
are emerging within the KRNB lects: a central Jhapa variety targeting speakers in Nepal, and an eastern Cooch Behar variety targeting speakers in northern West Bengal and western Assam.
541:"During the modern KRDS period various phonological and morphological features have entered KRDS lects due to increased diglossia with standardised State languages." (
253:
that are phylogenetic descendants of the proto-Kamta language. The proto-Kamta language began differentiating after 1250 around
Kamatapur, the capital city of
515:"The categorisation of KRDS lects as western, central and eastern (which is verified in the present study) was first put forward by Barma (1991)." (
265:. Since the 16th century the proto-Kamta community has fragmented giving rise to the differentiated modern lects. The modern lects are: Kamta (
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Reconstructing linguistic history in a dialect continuum: The Kamta, Rajbanshi, and
Northern Deshi Bangla subgroup of Indo-Aryan
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The development of proto-Kamta (also called proto-Kamata) was the result of
Sandhya, a ruler of Kamarupa Nagara (
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vernaculars to these standard varieties and acquired phonological and morphological features from them.
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From
Linguistic to Sociolinguistic Reconstruction: The Kamta Historical Subgroup of Indo-Aryan
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Hernández-Campoy, Juan Manuel; Conde-Silvestre, Juan Camilo (15 February 2012).
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The speakers are distributed unevenly, as shown in the map.
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The modern KRNB lects are spoken primarily in western
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moving his capital to
Kamatapur and establishing the
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Indo-Aryan variety from eastern Indian subcontinent
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578:(Ph.D.). The Australian National University.
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51:KRDS lects, Kamatapuri, Kamta
603:Eastern Indo-Aryan languages
583:Toulmin, Mathew W S (2009),
572:Toulmin, Mathew W S (2006).
336:Socio-linguistic communities
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249:) are a cluster of modern
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495:. John Wiley & Sons.
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587:, Pacific Linguistics
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117:Indo-Iranian
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312:Proto-Kamta
271:West Bengal
89:, Northern
79:West Bengal
565:References
350:Bangladesh
279:Bangladesh
243:KRNB lects
151:KRNB lects
122:Indo-Aryan
91:Bangladesh
64:Bangladesh
46:KRNB lects
306:standards
291:Surjapuri
283:Rajbanshi
238:features.
210:Glottolog
198:ISO 639-3
184:Surjapuri
182:, Deshi,
77:Northern
597:Category
275:Rangpuri
217:kamt1242
186:, Dhekri
180:Rangpuri
176:Rajbansi
172:Dialects
146:Kamrupa
127:Eastern
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322:Kamrup
289:) and
74:Region
558::247)
532::247)
450::247)
421::246)
408::221)
364:Notes
358:Nepal
354:Bihar
342:Assam
295:Bihar
287:Nepal
267:Assam
251:lects
95:Nepal
87:Bihar
68:Nepal
60:India
545::13)
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269:and
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