322:, the court preacher Michael Diller from Heidelberg and the Saxon theologians Max Morlin and John Stossel. In addition to the theologians, the Councillors Johann Georg and Renz Sechele also belonged to the Commission. Achtsynit was also the first director of the Council of Churches; Charles himself was bishop of the Evangelical Church and so became successor to the bishops of Strasbourg, Speyer and Constance, who had been competent for different parts of his territory. The "inner conflict within the Protestant confession" also affected the work of the Commission. In the end, the commission chose, for political reasons, to largely copy the church order of WĂĽrttemberg, which had been drafted by
42:
460:
in 1565. This was allegedly triggered by a dispute with the citizens of
Pforzheim, who refused to act as drivers in a drive hunt organized by the Margrave. The literature points out that other, more rational, reasons may have existed; in particular, Durlach was more centrally located within Lower
422:
was, however, in many case owned by
Catholic monasteries or religious orders, which would now have to pay for a Lutheran pastor. This, of course, caused resistance. The Peace of Augsburg had clear rules for this kind of situation. Religious institutions were allowed to keep their possessions in
435:
mediated and reached a compromise: the confiscated estates were returned to their owners, but Baden-Durlach was allowed to retain the funds necessary to pay the pastors. However, the
Austrian authorities in Innsbruck did not accept this compromise and the confrontation escalated. After some
236:, died on 20 January 1553 and his father died two weeks later, on 6 February. Charles then inherited the entire country, which was called Baden-Pforzheim at the time. He moved the capital to Durlach, thereby changing the name of his country to Baden-Durlach.
245:
345:
Frequent visitations should ensure that only
Lutheran pastors were active and the church order was complied with. Many Catholic priests were expelled. Ferdinand of Austria formally denied Charles the right to introduce the Reformation in his possessions in
574:
After
Charles II's death, Baden-Durlach was split-up between his three sons: Baden-Durlach-Hachberg went to James III; Baden-Durlach-Sausenberg went to George Frederick; the remaining Baden-Durlach went to Ernst Frederick who became
310:
The preparation of the
Reformation and the drafting of church order was entrusted to a Commission chaired by Martin Achtsynit, the Chancellor of the Margraviate of Baden (Pforzheimer part). Members of the Commission were the
468:, an existing hunting lodge in Durlach, was expanded into a castle. Charles oversaw the expansion himself and paid the workers personally, using a shoulder bag full of money he brought with him. The affectionate nickname
330:. WĂĽrttemberg also allowed Jacob Heerbrand to participate in the first church visitation in Baden-Durlach, which was conducted in the autumn of 1556. Charles appointed the theologians
423:
Protestant areas, but they indeed had to pay for the evangelical pastor. Based on the territorial claims of the House of
Habsburg on the Upper Baden lordships mentioned above, the
556:
married on 6 September 1584 Elisabeth of
Pallandt-Culemborg (born c. 1567; died: 8 May 1620), the daughter of Count Floris I of Pallandt-Culemborg (1537–1598); reigning Margrave
591:. Since George Frederick lived the longest, the margraviate remained Lutheran. Charles II's widow, Anna of Veldenz, led the government business for 7 years as
567:
532:
146:
136:
492:
806:
1144:
1204:
366:
1373:
548:
233:
141:
689:
1358:
288:
631:
396:
475:
The city of
Durlach was also renovated. A garden was added to the castle and several gates were added to the city wall. In 1571, a
1311:
715:
511:
488:
280:
217:
159:
112:
107:
524:
579:
and was eventually succeeded by his brother George
Frederick, who lived the longest of his sons. Only George Frederick remained a
657:
541:
261:
418:
The Reformation had the effect that the territory of the Margrave of Baden-Durlach only Lutheran pastors were permitted. The
1378:
1209:
1353:
260:. Margrave Ernest of Baden-Durlach had plans to have had follow suit, but still faced a potential conflict with Archduke
392:
1189:
774:
540:
married on 21 December 1585 Anna of East Frisia (born: 26 May 1562; died: 21 April 1621), the daughter of Count
1194:
436:
prelates made separate agreements with Baden-Durlach, the negotiations were resumed and led to the treaty of
1318:
1085:
304:
201:
365:
shortly after Baden was split. When the two parts of the Margraviate were reunited in 1771 under Margrave
432:
1287:
94:
1368:
1363:
576:
431:. Charles then seized their estates and used them to fund the maintenance of churches and pastors.
400:
381:
1258:
945:
377:
225:
221:
169:
17:
437:
339:
269:
229:
276:
465:
449:
41:
1328:
507:
327:
265:
253:
427:
held that the maintenance obligation did not apply to them, and the intended to keep the
275:
Margrave Charles II – like his cousin, Margrave Philibert of Baden-Baden – supported the
419:
389:
323:
1347:
315:
300:
197:
1253:
1229:
510:(born: 12 November 1540, died: 30 March 1586), the daughter of the Count Palatine
331:
244:
1246:
1242:
1222:
1218:
476:
370:
319:
296:
292:
284:
257:
205:
362:
312:
256:(1552) a number of secular rulers in the south west of Germany introduced the
232:
in his father's name in September 1552. His half-brother, older by 12 years,
228:, Charles's ability to succeed was disputed. Nevertheless, he started ruling
193:
440:
of 24 April 1561, with essentially the same result as the earlier agreement.
1236:
Die Einführung der Reformation im Markgräflerland und in Hochberg. 1556–1561
584:
453:
407:
404:
181:
65:
1213:(in German), vol. 15, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 233–237
491:(born: 17 June 1523; died: 27 February 1558), the daughter of the Margrave
1198:(in German), vol. 11, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 220–221
588:
580:
424:
385:
347:
89:
354:, referring to the zeal he developed while introducing the Reformation.
457:
185:
82:
287:
in their territories. With this protection and at the urging of Duke
592:
428:
373:
to allow multiple faiths and to call for tolerance and acceptance.
570:
born: 30 January 1573; died: 24 September 1638); reigning Margrave
335:
243:
1238:, in: Freiburger Diözesan-Archiv, vol. 42 (1914), pp. 1–110
1223:
Geschichte der evangelischen Kirche in dem GroĂźherzogthum Baden
1263:
Kleine Reformationsgeschichte von Baden-Durlach und Kurpfalz
479:
was built, as was usual in princely residences at the time.
506:
Charles II then married on 1 August 1558 Countess Palatine
283:, which gave secular imperial princes freedom to introduce
1147:, All Saints, St. Peter, Schuttern, Tennenbach, Waldkirch
564:
Elizabeth (born: 27 September 1570; died: 6 October 1611)
518:
Dorothea Ursula (born: 20 June 1559; died: 19 May 1583)
200:
from 1552 to 1577. On 1 June 1556 Charles issued a new
561:
Anna Marie (born: 4 August 1565; died: 8 October 1573)
403:
by sending auxiliary troops into the war against the
499:
Marie (born: 3 January 1553; died: 11 November 1561)
224:. Since the marriage between Ernest and Ursula was
165:
155:
121:
100:
88:
72:
51:
32:
607:Ancestors of Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
444:The relocation of the residence to Durlach in 1565
487:Charles II first married on 10 March 1551 with
376:In 1561, the Margrave avowed to the unchanged
595:after his death, until her sons came of age.
502:Albert (born: 12 June 1555; died: 5 May 1574)
8:
1130:
1128:
535:(born: 17 October 1560; died: 14 April 1604)
527:(born: 1 January 1554; died: 18 August 1593)
240:The introduction of the Reformation in 1556
1278:
612:
603:
40:
29:
551:(born: 26 May 1562; died: 17 August 1590)
583:, whereas Ernest Frederick converted to
350:. The people gave Charles the nickname
208:the official religion in Baden-Durlach.
126:
1097:
1283:Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
1225:, vol. 1, Karlsruhe, 1847, pp. 420–441
961:
850:
846:
836:
731:
621:
617:
448:The Margrave moved the residence from
1031:
1021:
1017:
1005:
1002:
992:
979:
969:
965:
949:
943:
933:
920:
910:
906:
894:
891:
881:
868:
858:
854:
833:Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
830:
820:
804:
794:
790:
778:
772:
762:
749:
739:
735:
719:
713:
703:
687:
677:
673:
661:
655:
645:
629:
625:
178:Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
46:Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
34:Charles II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
7:
1205:Karl II., Markgraf von Baden-Durlach
514:. They had the following children:
1270:Die Reformation im Markgräflerland
632:Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden
264:, the ruler of the Roman Catholic
25:
18:Karl II, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
716:Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
489:Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
268:, the who still claimed parts of
248:Cover of the Church Order of 1556
160:Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach
113:Countess Palatine Anna of Veldenz
108:Kunigunde of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
1188:Hans JĂĽrgen Rieckenberg (1977),
980:14. Wilhelm Bombast of Hohenheim
658:Christopher I, Margrave of Baden
216:Charles was the son of Margrave
750:10. Philip II of Katzenelnbogen
493:Casimir of Brandenburg-Kulmbach
326:in 1553, with final editing by
1247:Geschichte der Stadt Pforzheim
1210:Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie
338:as General Superintendent for
1:
1203:Arthur Kleinschmidt (1882), "
1374:16th-century German nobility
1003:7. Anna Bombast of Hohenheim
291:, Charles II introduced the
523:married on 7 November 1575
369:, he had the foresight and
303:with the adoption of a new
1395:
1359:Margraves of Baden-Durlach
955:
848:
725:
619:
289:Christopher of WĂĽrttemberg
1325:
1319:Margrave of Baden-Durlach
1316:
1308:
1281:
1219:Karl Friedrich Vierordt:
1019:
1011:
986:
967:
963:
927:
908:
900:
875:
856:
852:
814:
792:
784:
775:Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen
756:
737:
733:
697:
675:
667:
639:
623:
577:Margrave of Baden-Durlach
495:. They had two children:
472:refers to this practice.
399:, Charles supported King
39:
1195:Neue Deutsche Biographie
1174:see Pflüger, pp. 276–277
807:Ottilie of Nassau-Siegen
542:Edzard II of East Frisia
525:Louis III of WĂĽrttemberg
397:Philibert of Baden-Baden
184:; died 23 March 1577 in
1156:e.g. the German knights
1086:List of rulers of Baden
921:13. Margaretha Gremlich
587:and James III became a
414:The prelate controversy
218:Ernest of Baden-Durlach
1165:see: Burger, pp. 65–70
249:
180:(born 24 July 1529 in
1379:People from Pforzheim
1272:, Weil am Rhein, 1984
869:12. Wolf of Rosenfeld
361:part of Baden turned
247:
1104:see Vierordt, p. 420
892:6. Wolf of Rosenfeld
690:Catherine of Austria
470:Charles with the Bag
433:Johann Ulrich Zasius
401:Charles IX of France
220:and his second wife
190:Charles with the bag
27:Margrave (1529–1577)
1259:Ernst Walter Zeeden
1122:see Vierordt, p.429
946:Ursula of Rosenfeld
483:Marriages and issue
464:For this move, the
395:. Like his cousin
378:Augsburg Confession
222:Ursula of Rosenfeld
170:Ursula of Rosenfeld
1354:House of Zähringen
1288:House of Zähringen
438:Neuenburg am Rhein
393:Augustus of Saxony
384:of Protestants in
250:
95:House of Zähringen
1342:
1341:
1338:
1326:Succeeded by
1265:, Karlsruhe, 1956
1249:, Pforzheim, 1989
1134:see Burger, p. 27
1113:see Burger, p. 24
1076:
1075:
1072:
1071:
512:Rupert of Veldenz
367:Charles Frederick
357:As a result, the
277:Peace of Augsburg
175:
174:
16:(Redirected from
1386:
1332:
1309:Preceded by
1304:
1297:
1279:
1243:Johann PflĂĽger:
1214:
1199:
1175:
1172:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1148:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1102:
613:
604:
568:George Frederick
533:Ernest Frederick
450:Liebeneck Castle
307:on 1 June 1556.
147:George Frederick
137:Ernest Frederick
130:
79:
68:
61:
59:
44:
30:
21:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1344:
1343:
1331:
1329:Anna of Veldenz
1322:
1314:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1276:
1268:Rudolf Burger:
1202:
1187:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1082:
1077:
1032:15. Agnes Speth
601:
508:Anna of Veldenz
485:
446:
416:
328:Jacob Heerbrand
279:of 1555 in the
266:Further Austria
254:Peace of Passau
242:
214:
192:, governed the
151:
124:
123:
117:
81:
77:
64:
63:
57:
55:
47:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1327:
1324:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1305:
1285:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1266:
1256:
1239:
1234:Joseph Elble:
1232:
1215:
1200:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1167:
1158:
1149:
1136:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1001:
998:
997:
994:
993:
991:
988:
987:
985:
982:
981:
978:
975:
974:
971:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
957:
956:
954:
951:
950:
948:
942:
939:
938:
935:
934:
932:
929:
928:
926:
923:
922:
919:
916:
915:
912:
911:
909:
907:
905:
902:
901:
899:
896:
895:
893:
890:
887:
886:
883:
882:
880:
877:
876:
874:
871:
870:
867:
864:
863:
860:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
835:
829:
826:
825:
822:
821:
819:
816:
815:
813:
810:
809:
803:
800:
799:
796:
795:
793:
791:
789:
786:
785:
783:
780:
779:
777:
771:
768:
767:
764:
763:
761:
758:
757:
755:
752:
751:
748:
745:
744:
741:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
727:
726:
724:
721:
720:
718:
712:
709:
708:
705:
704:
702:
699:
698:
696:
693:
692:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
676:
674:
672:
669:
668:
666:
663:
662:
660:
654:
651:
650:
647:
646:
644:
641:
640:
638:
635:
634:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
609:
608:
602:
600:
597:
572:
571:
565:
562:
558:
557:
553:
552:
545:
544:
537:
536:
529:
528:
520:
519:
504:
503:
500:
484:
481:
445:
442:
420:Jus patronatus
415:
412:
388:, convened by
324:Johannes Brenz
241:
238:
213:
210:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
150:
149:
144:
139:
133:
131:
119:
118:
116:
115:
110:
104:
102:
98:
97:
92:
86:
85:
80:(aged 47)
74:
70:
69:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1391:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1337:
1336:
1330:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1307:
1303:23 March 1577
1302:
1295:
1290:
1289:
1280:
1277:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
990:
989:
984:
983:
977:
976:
973:
972:
959:
958:
953:
952:
947:
941:
940:
937:
936:
931:
930:
925:
924:
918:
917:
914:
913:
904:
903:
898:
897:
889:
888:
885:
884:
879:
878:
873:
872:
866:
865:
862:
861:
844:
843:
840:
839:
834:
828:
827:
824:
823:
818:
817:
812:
811:
808:
802:
801:
798:
797:
788:
787:
782:
781:
776:
770:
769:
766:
765:
760:
759:
754:
753:
747:
746:
743:
742:
729:
728:
723:
722:
717:
711:
710:
707:
706:
701:
700:
695:
694:
691:
685:
684:
681:
680:
671:
670:
665:
664:
659:
653:
652:
649:
648:
643:
642:
637:
636:
633:
627:
615:
614:
611:
610:
606:
605:
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
569:
566:
563:
560:
559:
555:
554:
550:
547:
546:
543:
539:
538:
534:
531:
530:
526:
522:
521:
517:
516:
515:
513:
509:
501:
498:
497:
496:
494:
490:
482:
480:
478:
473:
471:
467:
462:
459:
455:
451:
443:
441:
439:
434:
430:
426:
421:
413:
411:
409:
406:
402:
398:
394:
391:
387:
383:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
343:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:Jacob Andreae
314:
308:
306:
302:
301:Baden-Durlach
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
246:
239:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
211:
209:
207:
204:, which made
203:
199:
198:Baden-Durlach
195:
191:
188:), nicknamed
187:
183:
179:
171:
168:
164:
161:
158:
154:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
132:
129:
128:
120:
114:
111:
109:
106:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
91:
87:
84:
76:23 March 1577
75:
71:
67:
54:
50:
43:
38:
31:
19:
1334:
1333:
1317:
1300:
1296:24 July 1529
1293:
1286:
1275:
1269:
1262:
1254:Google Books
1248:
1241:
1235:
1230:Google Books
1224:
1217:
1208:
1193:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1139:
1118:
1109:
1100:
832:
573:
505:
486:
474:
469:
463:
447:
417:
375:
358:
356:
351:
344:
332:Simon Sulzer
309:
305:Church Order
274:
251:
215:
202:Church Order
189:
177:
176:
125:
90:Noble family
78:(1577-03-23)
62:24 July 1529
1369:1577 deaths
1364:1529 births
371:sovereignty
340:Upper Baden
297:margraviate
293:Reformation
285:Lutheranism
270:Upper Baden
258:Reformation
230:Upper Baden
206:Lutheranism
1348:Categories
1323:1553–1577
1190:"Karl II."
1145:St. Blaise
1092:References
382:convention
363:Protestant
313:theologian
252:After the
234:Bernard IV
226:morganatic
194:Margravate
58:1529-07-24
1335:as Regent
599:Ancestors
585:Calvinism
549:James III
466:Karlsburg
454:Pforzheim
408:Huguenots
405:Calvinist
359:Ernestine
352:the Pious
295:into the
281:Reichstag
262:Ferdinand
182:Pforzheim
101:Spouse(s)
66:Pforzheim
1080:See also
589:Catholic
581:Lutheran
425:prelates
386:Naumburg
348:Breisgau
320:TĂĽbingen
1182:Sources
461:Baden.
458:Durlach
390:Elector
186:Durlach
83:Durlach
1312:Ernest
1299:
593:regent
429:tithes
166:Mother
156:Father
127:Detail
1301:Died:
1294:Born:
1143:e.g.
380:at a
336:Basel
334:from
318:from
142:James
122:Issue
805:11.
477:mint
212:Life
73:Died
52:Born
1252:at
1228:at
1207:",
944:3.
831:1.
773:5.
714:2.
688:9.
656:4.
630:8.
456:to
452:in
299:of
196:of
1350::
1261::
1192:,
1127:^
410:.
342:.
272:.
60:)
56:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
