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to spare
Karuthamma for that night. Thavasi agrees in a drunken state, which is overheard by Karuthamma, who also learns that Thavasi had killed his own father. When Chellamuthu goes to meet Karuthamma, she is well prepared to meet him. She murders him and then Thavasi. After saving Ponnatha's children, who were locked inside a box, she returns to her village. Realising that Rosy is her own sister, Karuthamma asks her to look after the children and their father and leaves with the police. Stephen decides to wait for her.
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marriages, the villagers consider female infanticide acceptable. A new school teacher, Soosai, feels sad on learning about this practice. When
Mokkatha delivers a girl again, Mokkaiyan orders the village midwife Mooli to kill the baby. Mooli reluctantly tries to feed the cactus extract to the baby at a secluded place. Soosai notices this, meets her, and requests to hand over the infant so that he can raise her. She hands over the infant, and he moves away from the village.
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When her father Soosai arrives, Mooli realises that he is the same person who took
Mokkiayan's third daughter. Mooli reveals to Rosy that Mokkaiyan is her real father, and Soosai also confirms it. Rosy treats Mokkaiyan, who now realises his mistake of killing female infants without realising their worth.
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A few weeks later, when
Thavasi and Kaliamma get bail, they come to attack Karuthamma, but Stephen saves her. Chellamuthu manipulates the villagers into accepting Thavasi's proposal that Karuthamma must marry Thavasi to take care of Ponnatha's daughters (by which the police case will also be closed).
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Ponnatha has two daughters and is pregnant for the third time. As a girl is born again, Kaliamma orders to kill it. To save her child, Ponnatha escapes with her baby and is chased by
Thavasi, who beats her to death; the child also dies. He and Kaliamma lie that Ponnatha committed suicide as her third
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Years later, Stephen, a veterinarian, comes to the village. Mokkaiyan's first daughter
Ponnatha is married to Thavasi, the son of Mokkaiyan's nefarious sister Kaliamma. The second daughter, Karuthamma, takes care of the family. After getting into some tiff with Stephen, Karuthamma falls in love with
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Karuthamma, on the eve of her wedding, demands to see the children taken away earlier by
Thavasi's father. However, Thavasi is unable to show his children (as they were taken by Chellamuthu to use them as bait to force himself on Karuthamma). That night, Chellamuthu makes Thavasi drunk and asks him
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Rosy, a doctor, comes to meet her close relative
Stephen. Her presence and closeness with Stephen are misunderstood by Karuthamma. Rosy loves Stephen, but he only likes her. Kaliamma's husband celebrates her arrest by drinking with Mokkaiyan, who is not used to liquor. Mokkaiyan suffers a paralytic
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When
Karuthamma is giving a ceremonial bath to Ponnatha's body, she notices bloodstains on her abdomen. Concluding that she was murdered, Karuthamma stops the funeral and rushes to tell the police. The village chairman Chellamuthu, who is close to Thavasi, asks the police not to intervene, and they
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When Rosy expresses her love to
Stephen, he gets surprised and states that he loves Karuthamma. Rosy is shocked as she was keen to marry him and decides to move away from the village. When the villagers ask her to treat Mokkaiyan, who is fighting for his life, she does not as she is keen to leave.
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mentioned in its review dated 4 December 1994, "Though the subject taken up was delicate, instead of making a documentary, the director has narrated the film, through visuals, which should be appreciated. Bharathiraja must be congratulated for making a heart – wrenching film on a delicate
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Thavasi's father realises that his son is using the young children as bait and takes away the children with him one night. However, he is caught by Thavasi, who, motivated by Chellamuthu, burns his father to death. Thavasi takes the children away and forces Karuthamma to come with him to their
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Mokkatha, the wife of Mokkaiyan, a farmer in Pottalpetti village, is in labour. They already have two daughters and are keen to have a son; two daughters born earlier were killed soon after birth by feeding them with poisonous cactus extract. Unable to pay hefty dowries for their daughters'
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comply. Karuthamma refuses to leave the station. Stephen, who was passing by, threatens action against the police if they do not act on her complaint, as he is also a government employee. With no option, the police takes Ponnatha's body away and arrests Thavasi and Kaliamma.
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forced the government at national and state levels to act against this practice and bring in suitable laws to curb it. It became a catalyst for this change in the society, and was instrumental in "making way for the ban on prenatal sexual identification".
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child was also a girl. Karuthamma, devastated by the death of her sister, does not believe this story. Ponnatha had earlier expressed her fear to her that if she delivered a girl again, Kaliamma would kill her.
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268:. The film brought widespread attention to the practice of female infanticide and compelled the government at national and state levels to enact various laws to curb this practice.
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936:(2010), in which the theme of female infanticide has been replaced with that of male infanticide. Periyar Dasan reprises his role from the original film.
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was released on 3 November 1994. The film received critical acclaim and became a commercial success, running for over 100 days in theatres.
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459:'s mother. The story was based on a real-life incident in a village, and the script was written by Bharathiraja's relative M. Rathnakumar.
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was released on 3 November 1994 and became a commercial success. Besides being the blockbuster of that year, the film won three
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Chellamuthu, who has lent money to Mokkaiyan, threatens and seeks immediate repayment if he does not accept this proposal.
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attack and loses control of his limbs. Rosy tends to him, and in the process gets attached to Mokkaiyan and Karuthamma.
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wrote, "Bharathiraja returns to do what he is best at — telling stories about ordinary village people And in
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is prevalent and considered acceptable, but the title character is against the practice. The music was scored by
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1233:"பாரதிராஜாவின் இந்த பிளாக்பஸ்டர் ஹிட் படம் அனிதா விஜயகுமார் நடிக்க வேண்டியதா? நல்ல சான்ஸை மிஸ் பண்ணிட்டாங்களே!"
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1538:"Karuthamma, Nammavar, Kadhalan, Nattamai – Tamil cinema offered its best in the watershed year of 1994"
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519:, contrary to his reputation for composing westernised music. The song "Poraale Ponnuthayi" is based on
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he has a winner". He also praised the film's humour, a rare feature in Bharathiraja's films. Prince of
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village to marry him. Shocked with all this, Mokkaiyan consumes poison and is on his deathbed.
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found place in other Tamil films, especially in the form of comic scenes or comedy films. In
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1585:"Flashback: CS Amudhan's spoof 'Thamizh Padam' is an honest (and a very funny) Tamil movie"
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subject without lecturing us on the theme". The film was given 45 marks. Malini Mannath of
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1617:"10 Years of Thamizh Padam: 30 iconic Tamil movie scenes that the hilarious film spoofed"
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1296:"Audio master: AR Rahman's 1990 masterwork 'Thiruda Thiruda' is still stealing hearts"
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lauded Bharathiraja for daring to depict such an atrocious social problem onscreen.
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1120:(in Tamil). Nellai. 7 February 2017. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020
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The music of "Poraale Ponnuthayi" was reused for "Gurus of Peace" in the album
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The first film to bring to light the menace of female infanticide on screen,
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refused because Anita wanted to study medicine; the role went to Maheswari.
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Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film Portraying Woman in Good Light
503:. The film marked Rahman's second collaboration with Bharathiraja after
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tries to kill a female child with poisoned milk. Super Subbu (
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is a film that will move many a human heart." K. Vijiyan of
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by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise.
1112:"சாதனை புரிந்த தமிழ் படங்கள் – 281 – எஸ்.கணேஷ்"
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Best Film on Family Welfare National Film Award winners
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1046:"Who's who of Tamil film world congregate in city"
238:in supporting roles. It is set in a village where
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202:from a story by M. Rathnakumar. The film stars
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1572:(motion picture) (in Tamil). NIC Arts. 2003.
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823:Swarnalatha (for "Poraale Ponnuthaayi...")
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1294:Yamunan, Sruthisagar (22 September 2018).
835:Vairamuthu (for "Poraale Ponnuthaayi...")
29:
20:
2682:Films about mother–daughter relationships
1501:"The 42nd Annual (South) Filmfare Awards"
1332:"A Raga's Journey – Magical Mohanam"
318:Learn how and when to remove this message
266:Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil
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1441:(in Tamil). p. 1. Archived from
1396:"Powerful tale of female infanticide"
1170:from the original on 28 November 2020
1062:from the original on 24 November 2020
7:
1629:from the original on 8 February 2022
1513:from the original on 7 February 2017
1195:Mannath, Malini (11 November 1994).
982:"Ms. Representation: Silver linings"
1597:from the original on 10 August 2019
1550:from the original on 17 August 2018
1408:from the original on 23 August 2023
1344:from the original on 23 August 2019
1209:from the original on 23 August 2023
1092:from the original on 27 August 2016
515:gained Rahman notice for composing
2687:Films about sex selection in India
760:
475:; Rajashree's voice was dubbed by
14:
1536:Sundaram, Nandhu (19 July 2018).
1308:from the original on 15 June 2021
1275:from the original on 15 June 2021
1658:Pride of Tamil Cinema: 1931–2013
1394:Vijiyan, K. (28 November 1994).
1363:Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998
1245:from the original on 7 June 2024
994:from the original on 5 July 2020
953:Rajadhyaksha & Willemen 1998
293:too long or excessively detailed
280:
1583:Nathan, Archana (2 June 2018).
795:(for "Poraale Ponnuthaayi...")
780:(for "Poraale Ponnuthaayi...")
495:The soundtrack was composed by
463:, who worked as a professor in
2697:Films directed by Bharathiraja
1683:Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema
914:(2003), a character played by
536:
250:and editing by K. Pazhanivel.
1:
1472:Directorate of Film Festivals
1465:"42nd National Film Festival"
1166:(in Tamil). 6 November 2019.
1082:"None can predict the climax"
2702:Films scored by A. R. Rahman
1431:பிரின்ஸ் (4 December 1994).
814:Tamil Nadu State Film Awards
403:Kamala Sekhar as Chellamuthu
289:This article's plot summary
262:Tamil Nadu State Film Awards
2722:Tamil-language Indian films
930:have also been parodied in
819:Best Female Playback Singer
801:Best Film on Family Welfare
773:Best Female Playback Singer
439:Theni K. Murugan as Sudalai
2738:
2692:Films about women in India
2667:1990s Tamil-language films
980:Ge, Krupa (16 July 2019).
575:"Poraale Ponnuthayi" (Sad)
455:The film was titled after
2477:Kandukondain Kandukondain
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1661:. Blue Ocean Publishers.
1241:(in Tamil). 15 May 2024.
1138:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
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768:1994 National Film Awards
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555:"Thenmerku Paruva Kaatru"
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198:produced and directed by
143:3 November 1994
35:Theatrical release poster
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16:1994 film by Bharathiraja
1917:Pudhu Nellu Pudhu Naathu
2317:Varumayin Niram Sivappu
1691:Oxford University Press
246:with cinematography by
2365:Samsaram Adhu Minsaram
2293:Bhuvana Oru Kelvi Kuri
2021:Meendum Oru Mariyathai
1687:British Film Institute
1474:. 1995. Archived from
2717:Indian feminist films
2389:Apoorva Sagodharargal
2349:Achamillai Achamillai
2072:Final Cut of Director
1330:(16 September 2011).
864:Filmfare Awards South
465:Pachaiyappa's College
409:as Kaliamma's husband
2657:1990s feminist films
1885:Kadalora Kavithaigal
1805:Niram Maratha Pookal
1675:Rajadhyaksha, Ashish
1445:on 15 September 2022
1197:"Rocking the cradle"
1088:. 10 December 2008.
591:"Poraale Ponnuthayi"
258:National Film Awards
2253:Pattikada Pattanama
2237:Engirundho Vandhaal
2106:Yuvataram Pilicindi
2005:Kangalal Kaidhu Sei
1941:Kizhakku Cheemayile
1869:Oru Kaidhiyin Diary
1821:Alaigal Oivathillai
1781:Kizhakke Pogum Rail
1625:. 29 January 2020.
1418:Google News Archive
1219:Google News Archive
1058:. 21 January 2013.
747:
675:"Yaar Petha Pillai"
663:Deepan Chakravarthy
631:"Kaadu Potta Kaadu"
611:"Pacha Kili Paadum"
509:Kizhakku Cheemayile
505:Kizhakku Cheemayile
485:Manjula Vijayakumar
2712:Indian drama films
2662:1990s Indian films
2333:Enkeyo Ketta Kural
2099:Seethakoka Chilaka
2064:Saveray Wali Gaadi
1756:Films directed by
1202:The Indian Express
1051:The Times of India
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715:The Indian Express
639:Malaysia Vasudevan
240:female infanticide
129:Vetrivel Creations
2639:
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2621:Pariyerum Perumal
2573:Vazhakku Enn 18/9
2453:Bharathi Kannamma
2381:Agni Natchathiram
2325:Thanneer Thanneer
2277:Apoorva Raagangal
2269:Dikkatra Parvathi
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1877:Muthal Mariyathai
1845:Valibamey Vaa Vaa
1797:Puthiya Vaarpugal
1401:New Straits Times
916:Theni Kunjarammal
879:
878:
869:Best Film – Tamil
725:New Straits Times
687:
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659:Theni Kunjarammal
499:, with lyrics by
436:Vaani as Mokkatha
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190:is a 1994 Indian
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2672:1994 drama films
2221:Lakshmi Kalyanam
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2189:Server Sundaram
2181:Naanum Oru Penn
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2169:Best Tamil Film
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1965:Anthimanthaarai
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1909:En Uyir Thozhan
1901:Kodi Parakkuthu
1893:Vedham Pudhithu
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926:. Scenes from
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887:Societal impact
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651:"Araro Ariraro"
559:P. Unnikrishnan
511:, the songs in
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2261:Bharatha Vilas
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2165:Filmfare Award
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1773:16 Vayathinile
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1709:External links
1707:
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1679:Willemen, Paul
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1622:Cinema Express
1608:
1575:
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1404:. p. 29.
1386:
1384:, p. 338.
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1163:Ananda Vikatan
1145:
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1073:
1037:
1035:, p. 336.
1022:
1020:, p. 337.
1005:
987:Cinema Express
957:
955:, p. 520.
944:
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901:
900:In other films
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1989:Kadal Pookkal
1986:
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1973:Tamizh Selvan
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1858:
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1700:0-19-563579-5
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1365:, p. 60.
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1205:. p. 6.
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933:Thamizh Padam
929:
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921:
917:
913:
912:
907:
904:The theme of
899:
897:
894:
886:
881:
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873:Bharathiraja
872:
870:
867:
865:
861:
860:
857:Bharathiraja
856:
854:
851:
850:
847:
844:
842:
839:
838:
834:
832:
831:Best Lyricist
829:
828:
822:
820:
817:
815:
810:
807:
804:
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799:
798:
794:
791:
789:
788:Best Lyricist
786:
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622:
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615:Shahul Hameed
613:
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599:Sujatha Mohan
596:
593:
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586:
582:
580:
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574:
570:
566:
564:
563:K. S. Chithra
560:
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478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
461:Periyar Dasan
458:
450:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
431:S. N. Lakshmi
429:
426:
425:Vadivukkarasi
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
398:Periyar Dasan
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
382:as Karuthamma
381:
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372:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
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348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
322:
319:
311:
308:November 2020
301:
296:
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287:
278:
277:
271:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
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228:Vadivukkarasi
225:
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220:Periyar Dasan
217:
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209:
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178:
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170:
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162:
156:
142:
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133:
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106:K. Pazhanivel
105:
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88:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
51:Screenplay by
49:
46:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2627:
2619:
2611:
2603:
2597:Kaaka Muttai
2595:
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2579:
2571:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2539:
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2523:
2515:
2507:
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2428:
2427:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2347:
2341:Mann Vasanai
2339:
2331:
2323:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2251:
2243:
2235:
2227:
2219:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2187:
2179:
2119:
2111:
2105:
2097:
2089:
2083:Telugu films
2070:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2019:
2011:
2003:
1995:
1987:
1979:
1971:
1963:
1955:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1859:
1853:Mann Vasanai
1851:
1843:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1758:Bharathiraja
1715:
1682:
1657:
1646:Bibliography
1631:. Retrieved
1620:
1611:
1599:. Retrieved
1588:
1578:
1569:
1564:
1552:. Retrieved
1541:
1531:
1521:– via
1515:. Retrieved
1504:
1495:
1483:. Retrieved
1476:the original
1459:
1447:. Retrieved
1443:the original
1436:
1433:"கருத்தம்மா"
1426:
1416:– via
1410:. Retrieved
1399:
1389:
1358:
1346:. Retrieved
1335:
1322:
1310:. Retrieved
1299:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1268:
1265:"Karuthamma"
1259:
1247:. Retrieved
1238:Asianet News
1236:
1227:
1217:– via
1213:20 September
1211:. Retrieved
1200:
1181:
1172:. Retrieved
1165:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1122:. Retrieved
1115:
1106:
1094:. Retrieved
1085:
1076:
1064:. Retrieved
1049:
1040:
996:. Retrieved
985:
948:
931:
927:
923:
909:
905:
903:
892:
890:
841:Best Actress
806:Bharathiraja
733:
729:
723:
719:
713:
706:
705:
695:
694:
679:Jayachandran
635:Bharathiraja
527:
525:
512:
508:
497:A. R. Rahman
494:
457:Bharathiraja
454:
400:as Mokkaiyan
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
314:
305:
290:
253:
252:
244:A. R. Rahman
200:Bharathiraja
186:
185:
184:
159:Running time
136:Release date
115:A. R. Rahman
70:Bharathiraja
54:Bharathiraja
45:Bharathiraja
18:
2632:(2020-2021)
2229:Adimai Penn
2040:Solva Sawan
2032:Hindi films
1829:Tik Tik Tik
1765:Tamil films
1601:24 November
1554:24 November
1517:27 November
1485:27 November
1348:17 November
1312:28 November
1279:28 November
1174:28 November
1124:28 November
998:27 November
778:Swarnalatha
579:Swarnalatha
481:Vijayakumar
427:as Kaliamma
394:as Ponnatha
163:153 minutes
67:Produced by
41:Directed by
2652:1994 films
2646:Categories
2549:Naadodigal
2501:Pithamagan
2461:Natpukkaga
2429:Karuthamma
1997:Eera Nilam
1949:Karuthamma
1716:Karuthamma
1633:8 February
1449:26 October
1096:6 February
1086:IndiaGlitz
1066:6 February
940:References
928:Karuthamma
924:Karuthamma
906:Karuthamma
893:Karuthamma
793:Vairamuthu
757:Recipient
730:Karuthamma
720:Karuthamma
696:Karuthamma
655:T. K. Kala
595:Unni Menon
517:folk music
513:Karuthamma
507:. As with
501:Vairamuthu
451:Production
421:as Thavasi
376:as Stephen
254:Karuthamma
196:drama film
194:-language
187:Karuthamma
147:1994-11-03
122:Production
24:Karuthamma
2565:Aadukalam
2509:Autograph
2485:Aanandham
2421:Gentleman
2213:Karpooram
2113:Jamadagni
1981:Taj Mahal
1813:Nizhalgal
1681:(1998) .
1667:898765509
1590:Scroll.in
1543:Firstpost
1337:The Hindu
1301:Scroll.in
1269:AVdigital
1117:Dinamalar
846:Rajashree
742:Accolades
702:Reception
544:Singer(s)
473:Maheswari
469:Rajashree
445:as Soosai
419:Ponvannan
407:Janagaraj
386:Maheswari
380:Rajashree
248:B. Kannan
236:Janagaraj
230:, Vaani,
224:Ponvannan
212:Maheswari
208:Rajashree
103:Edited by
97:Ilavarasu
87:Maheswari
83:Rajashree
2629:Jai Bhim
2285:Annakili
2121:Aradhana
2048:Red Rose
2013:Annakodi
1957:Pasumpon
1655:(2014).
1627:Archived
1595:Archived
1548:Archived
1511:Archived
1509:. 1995.
1506:Filmfare
1412:23 April
1406:Archived
1342:Archived
1306:Archived
1273:Archived
1243:Archived
1207:Archived
1168:Archived
1134:cite web
1090:Archived
1060:Archived
992:Archived
718:wrote, "
433:as Mooli
413:Vadivelu
264:and the
232:Vadivelu
176:Language
111:Music by
75:Starring
59:Story by
2589:Kaththi
2517:Anniyan
1056:Madurai
691:Release
619:Minmini
521:Mohanam
477:Radhika
392:Saranya
388:as Rosy
298:Please
291:may be
260:, four
216:Saranya
214:, with
168:Country
145: (
124:company
2624:(2019)
2616:(2018)
2608:(2017)
2600:(2016)
2592:(2015)
2584:(2014)
2576:(2013)
2568:(2012)
2560:(2011)
2552:(2010)
2544:(2009)
2536:(2008)
2528:(2007)
2520:(2006)
2512:(2005)
2504:(2004)
2496:(2003)
2493:Azhagi
2488:(2002)
2480:(2001)
2472:(2000)
2464:(1999)
2456:(1998)
2448:(1997)
2445:Indian
2440:(1996)
2437:Bombay
2432:(1995)
2424:(1994)
2416:(1993)
2408:(1992)
2400:(1991)
2392:(1990)
2384:(1989)
2376:(1988)
2368:(1987)
2360:(1986)
2352:(1985)
2344:(1984)
2336:(1983)
2328:(1982)
2320:(1981)
2312:(1980)
2304:(1979)
2296:(1978)
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2280:(1976)
2272:(1975)
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2256:(1973)
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2124:(1987)
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2108:(1985)
2102:(1981)
2094:(1981)
2075:(2016)
2067:(1986)
2059:(1983)
2056:Lovers
2051:(1980)
2043:(1979)
2024:(2020)
2016:(2013)
2008:(2004)
2000:(2003)
1992:(2001)
1984:(1999)
1976:(1996)
1968:(1995)
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1697:
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1249:7 June
882:Legacy
754:Award
751:Event
547:Length
523:raga.
234:, and
2613:Aramm
2605:Joker
2557:Mynaa
2525:Veyil
2469:Sethu
1479:(PDF)
1468:(PDF)
1438:Kalki
920:Vivek
862:1994
812:1994
735:Kalki
683:02:03
667:01:47
643:05:33
623:04:41
603:05:42
583:06:22
567:05:02
541:Title
491:Music
335:him.
192:Tamil
179:Tamil
171:India
2413:Roja
2309:Pasi
2245:Babu
2205:Ramu
2167:for
1721:IMDb
1695:ISBN
1689:and
1663:OCLC
1635:2022
1603:2020
1556:2020
1519:2020
1487:2020
1451:2021
1414:2021
1350:2020
1314:2020
1281:2020
1251:2024
1215:2019
1176:2020
1140:link
1126:2020
1098:2017
1068:2017
1000:2020
761:Ref.
471:and
374:Raja
367:Cast
272:Plot
210:and
204:Raja
79:Raja
1719:at
537:No.
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628:5.
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597:,
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572:2.
561:,
552:1.
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