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40:
356:
386:. Although nori had been commercially harvested in Japan since the 17th century, it had always suffered from unpredictable harvests and had been particularly prone to damage from typhoons and pollution in coastal waters. By 1963, Fusao Ota and other Japanese
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In honour of her contributions to the
Japanese aquaculture and role in rescuing the commercial production of nori, she was named Mother of the Sea in Japan, and since 1953, an annual "Drew festival" is celebrated in the city of
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to collect botanical samples. Kathleen married
Manchester academic Henry Wright-Baker in 1928, which resulted in her dismissal by the university which had a policy of not employing married women. Drew-Baker was awarded an
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had developed artificial seeding techniques, building on her work. This in turn increased production and led to a significant increase in production in the
Japanese seaweed industry.
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260:. She graduated in 1922 with first class honours (one of the first two women to achieve a first class honours degree there) and subsequently studied for an
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Although Drew-Baker never travelled to Japan, her academic research made a lasting contribution to the development of commercial
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232:. Her work is celebrated each year on 14 April. A monument to her was erected in 1963 at the Sumiyoshi shrine in
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287:, serving as a lecturer in botany and researcher from 1922 to 1957. In 1925 she spent two years working at the
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is the macroscopic, haploid stage. Her critical discovery was that at the microscopic conchocelis stage,
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Between 1924 and 1947 Drew-Baker published 47 academic papers mainly concerned with red algae. Her book
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888:
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Drew, Kathleen M. (1949). "Conchocelis-phase in the life-history of
Porphyra umbilicalis (L.) Kütz".
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in 1928, and they had two children, John Rendle and K. Frances Biggs. She was a member of the
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and being awarded a research fellowship in the university's
Laboratory of Cryptogamic Botany.
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Kathleen Drew-Baker's scientific legacy is revered in Japan, where she has been named
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248:, she was the elder daughter of Walter and Augusta Caroline Drew. She attended
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Finding Nori — How an unpaid UK researcher saved the
Japanese seaweed industry
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production in the country. Drew-Baker studied the life cycle of the red algae
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20:
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Drew-Baker died on 14 September 1957. A memorial service held for her at the
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provided an essential host environment for the development of the red algae.
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Drew-Baker's investigations were soon read and replicated by the
Japanese
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Research
Scholarship in 1922, and in later years joining the staff of the
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was published by the
University of California Press, Berkeley, in 1928.
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in 1949, Drew-Baker detailed her research showing that the microscopic
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280:
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379:
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Sokichi Segawa, who applied Drew-Baker's findings to the
Japanese
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806:"How an unpaid UK researcher saved the Japanese seaweed industry"
616:
International Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary to 1950
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359:
317:
222:
265:
261:
256:, and won a County Major Scholarship to study botany at the
741:"How This British Scientist Saved Japan's Seaweed Industry"
225:), which led to a breakthrough for commercial cultivation.
559:"Titanic musician and palace intruder enter dictionary"
336:— hitherto thought of as an independent alga — was the
215:. She was known for her research on the edible seaweed
646:"Girl from Leigh who became Japan's Mother of the Sea"
211:(6 November 1901 – 14 September 1957) was an English
708:"Kathleen M. Drew D.Sc. (Mrs. H. Wright Baker) 1901"
437:is used to indicate this person as the author when
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904:Academics of the Victoria University of Manchester
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312:Research supporting commercial seaweed cultivation
276:Drew-Baker spent most of her academic life at the
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454:She married Professor Henry Wright-Baker of the
264:, graduating in 1923. In 1939 she was awarded a
909:Alumni of the Victoria University of Manchester
413:in 1952 with her friend and fellow phycologist
674:Sushi: Food for the Eye, the Body and the Soul
588:"Drew-Baker, Kathleen M. (1901-1957) on JSTOR"
244:Born Kathleen Mary Drew on 6 November 1901 in
939:People educated at Bishop Wordsworth's School
8:
777:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
456:Manchester College of Science and Technology
620:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC Clio Inc. p.
949:University of California, Berkeley faculty
914:British charity and campaign group workers
804:Inglis-Arkell, Esther (19 November 2017).
495:, where a shrine to her was also erected.
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27:
723:
405:Founding the British Phycological Society
774:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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395:A revision of the genera Chantransia,
326:and in an academic paper published in
944:People from Leigh, Greater Manchester
899:20th-century English women scientists
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739:Graber, Cynthia (19 December 2014).
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106:(BS, 1922), (MSc, 1923), (DSc, 1939)
771:"Drew, Kathleen Mary (1901–1957)".
409:Drew-Baker was a co-founder of the
289:University of California, Berkeley
184:University of California, Berkeley
14:
417:and its first elected president.
826:International Plant Names Index
340:stage of the organism of which
306:Manchester Department of Botany
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16:English phycologist (1901–1957)
894:20th-century British botanists
378:, widely known for its use in
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712:British Phycological Bulletin
791:UK public library membership
486:Drew-Baker's monument in Uto
411:British Phycological Society
194:Author abbrev. (botany)
268:from the same institution.
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612:Haines, Catharine (2001).
250:Bishop Wordsworth's School
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854:Uto City official webpage
725:10.1080/00071615800650021
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285:University of Manchester
258:University of Manchester
240:Early life and education
209:Kathleen Mary Drew-Baker
179:University of Manchester
104:University of Manchester
32:Kathleen Mary Drew-Baker
19:For the footballer, see
924:British women botanists
706:Lund, J. W. G. (1958).
670:Mouritsen, Ole (2009).
295:, travelling as far as
293:Commonwealth Fellowship
783:10.1093/ref:odnb/94193
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472:Friends' Meeting House
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934:Founders of charities
860:The Mother of The Sea
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382:and other staples of
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919:British phycologists
678:. Springer. p.
650:Lancashire Telegraph
323:Porphyra umbilicalis
218:Porphyra umbilicalis
117:Porphyra umbilicalis
529:1949Natur.164..748D
428:author abbreviation
421:Author abbreviation
954:Women phycologists
755:"日本の海苔養殖産業を救った海の母"
488:
460:Society of Friends
415:Margaret T. Martin
368:
291:, after winning a
283:department of the
129:Henry Wright-Baker
51:Kathleen Mary Drew
789:(Subscription or
689:978-1-4419-0617-5
631:978-1-57607-090-1
523:(4174): 748–749.
388:marine biologists
246:Leigh, Lancashire
230:Mother of the Sea
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156:Scientific career
95:Mother of the Sea
76:14 September 1957
65:Leigh, Lancashire
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80:(aged 55)
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565:. 27 May 2010
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653:. Retrieved
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595:. Retrieved
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567:. Retrieved
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397:Rhodochorton
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376:nori seaweed
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362:cultivation
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172:Institutions
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78:(1957-09-14)
25:
889:1957 deaths
884:1901 births
864:BBC Radio 4
372:phycologist
334:Conchocelis
278:cryptogamic
213:phycologist
878:Categories
793:required.)
499:References
84:Manchester
57:1901-11-06
21:Drew Baker
254:Salisbury
236:, Japan.
166:Phycology
114:Study of
86:, England
67:, England
597:25 March
563:BBC News
433:K.M.Drew
346:bivalves
342:Porphyra
198:K.M.Drew
147:Children
545:4134419
525:Bibcode
366:, Japan
338:diploid
141:
133:
787:
686:
655:9 June
628:
569:27 May
543:
517:Nature
478:Legacy
439:citing
329:Nature
297:Hawaii
281:botany
162:Fields
124:Spouse
843:Notes
541:S2CID
466:Death
380:sushi
135:(
131:
684:ISBN
657:2018
626:ISBN
599:2020
571:2010
360:Nori
348:and
318:nori
223:nori
73:Died
47:Born
862:at
779:doi
720:doi
533:doi
521:164
266:DSc
262:MSc
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137:m.
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55:(
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