378:(d. 1406), a medieval historian of Arab tribes, and is indirectly rejected by other medieval Arab historians. Rather, Ibn Khaldun asserts that "Qays Aylan" is the epithet of al-Nas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'ad ibn Adnan. These historians hold varying theories as to the origins of the "Aylan" part of the epithet; among these are that Aylan was either the name of al-Nas's famous horse, his dog, his bow, a mountain where he was said to have been born, or a man who raised him.
477:
was the other large sub-tribe of A'sur, and its founders were the sons of a certain Bahila, who, at different times was the wife of two of A'sur's sons, Malik and Ma'n; there were many clans of the Bahila, the largest being the Banu
Qutayba and Banu Wa'il. The largest sub-tribes of the Ghatafan were
678:(battle days of the Arabs), which Fischer refers to as the "epic of the Arabs". Qaysi tribes were involved in numerous battles and feuds, some of which were against non-Qaysi tribes, but the vast majority being intra-Qaysi conflicts. Historian W. Mongtomery Watt holds that in the history of
734:
religion. The
Ghatafan and Sulaym, in particular, were in conflict with the Muslims in Medina in between 622 and 629. However, the Ashja' sub-tribe of Ghatafan had made an alliance with the Muslims in 627. By 630, the Sulaym and Ashja' had largely embraced Islam and backed Muhammad's
473:, whose founder was a son of A'sur, and the Banu al-Tufawa, which consisted of the descendants of three other sons of A'sur, Tha'laba, Amir and Mu'awiya, who were half-brothers of Ghani; they were collectively called after their mother, al-Tufawa. The
739:
in 630. These tribes fought against their
Hawazin kinsmen shortly after. By the time of Muhammad's death in 631, all Qaysi tribes had likely converted to Islam, but after his death, many if not most apostatized and fought the Muslims in the
944:. The Qays were not able to recover from the huge losses they suffered during the late Umayyad period, and their political role, though present, was not of significant consequence during the ensuing Abbasid era.
928:. As a result, the Yaman revolted against and killed Walid II, who was then replaced by Yazid III, who entirely depended on the Yaman. The Qays found a new patron in the Umayyad prince
617:
By the 14th century, only remnants of the Qaysi tribes still lived in their central
Arabian ancestral lands. Huge numbers of Qaysi tribesmen had made their dwelling places throughout
287:, which long became their abode. From there they governed on behalf of the caliphs or rebelled against them. The power of the Qays as a unified group diminished with the rise of the
682:, only individual Qaysi tribes were named, rather than the larger confederation. Accordingly, the Qays did not function as a unit in the pre-Islamic era. Among the most well-known
445:, whose progenitor was Qasi ibn Munabbih ibn Bakr ibn Hawazin. However, references to the Hawazin often excluded the Banu Amir and Thaqif, and were limited to the so-called
833:
in 661. Between then and the
Umayyads' collapse in 750, the Qays formed one of the main political and military components of the Caliphate. Their main antagonist were the
853:
died in relatively quick succession in 683 and 684, respectively, the Qays refused to recognize
Umayyad authority. The Kalb and their Yamani allies essentially selected
1409:
744:. The most active Qaysi tribe fighting against the Muslims was the Ghatafan, which attempted several times to capture Mecca before joining the anti-Islamic leader,
486:, both of whose founders were sons of Baghid ibn Rayth ibn Ghatafan, and the Banu Ashja', whose founder was a son of Rayth ibn Ghatafan. From Banu Dhubyan came the
413:
The Qays consisted of several branches, which were divided into further sub-tribes. The first-tier divisions, i.e. the sons of Qays, were
Khasafa, Sa'd and Amr.
457:, all of whose founders were sons or grandsons of Bakr ibn Hawazin. The Banu Sulaym was divided into three main divisions, Imru' al-Qays, Harith and Tha'laba.
335:), transliterated in English-language sources as "Qaysites" or "Kaisites". As an ethno-political group, the Qays are referred to in contemporary sources as
291:, which did not derive its military strength solely from the Arab tribes. Nonetheless, individual Qaysi tribes remained a potent force and some migrated to
433:, whose founder was the son of Ziyad ibn Khasafa. The Hawazin was a large tribal grouping that included several large sub-tribes. Among them were the
888:
they tenaciously fought against the Yaman and resisted
Umayyad authority. Most battles against the Kalb were fought in the desert between Syria and
1402:
1377:
1355:
1331:
1141:
1113:
1088:
1054:
1008:
674:
According to A. Fischer, the recorded history of Qays, like most
Arabian tribes, begins with their engagements in the pre-Islamic
2060:
1395:
1310:
183:
873:
788:
768:
912:
in 691 in return for a high place in the
Umayyad court. The Qays were strong partisans of the powerful Umayyad governors
877:
869:
in 684. The Qays were severely routed, leading to years of revenge-driven tit-for-tat raids between the Qays and Yaman.
354:
holds that the father of Qays was a certain Aylan. According to the traditional genealogists, Ê¿AylÄn was the epithet of
862:
1983:
841:. Other than competition for political, military and economic power, there was an ethnic component that defined the
866:
2055:
760:
687:
236:(661-750), its constituent tribes consolidated into one of the main tribal political factions of the caliphate.
1303:
The EncyclopÊdia of Islam: A Dictionary of the Geography, Ethnography and Biography of the Muhammadan Peoples
1588:
909:
858:
764:
845:; the Qays were "northern Arabs" while the Yaman were "southern Arabs". Mu'awiya and his son and successor
842:
824:
526:'s time (ca. 570 CE), the numerous branches of the Qays had spread to the areas southeast and northeast of
756:
555:
401:
in the mid-7th century, the descendants of Qays were so numerous and so significant a group that the term
849:
relied militarily and politically on the Kalb to the chagrin of the Qays. When Yazid and his successor
1079:
Lecker, M. (1997). "Sulaym". In Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P.; Lecomte, G. (eds.).
514:
According to Arab legend, the original homeland of the Qaysi tribes was in the low-lying areas of the
2031:
2019:
908:
rivers. Umayr was killed by the Taghlib in 689 and Zufar submitted to Umayyad authority under Caliph
834:
710:
was fought between the Abs and Dhubyan. Like other central Arabian tribes, the Qays were part of the
654:
603:
1045:
Watt, W. Montgomery (1971). "HawÄzin". In Lewis, B; Ménage, M. L.; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
913:
808:
752:, after which they once again returned to Islam and submitted to the Muslim state based in Medina.
707:
1365:
1347:
The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates: The Islamic Near East from the 6th to the 11th Century
917:
897:
731:
599:
229:
61:
554:
ruled. Like other Arabian groups, numerous Qaysi tribes migrated northward during and after the
367:
363:
1373:
1351:
1327:
1321:
1306:
1298:
1137:
1109:
1084:
1050:
1004:
941:
937:
932:, who wrested the Caliphate from Yazid III and relocated the Umayyad capital from Damascus to
830:
749:
736:
547:
288:
284:
272:
233:
1345:
393:
or "North Arabians"; Arab tradition traces the descent of all Arab tribes to either Adnan or
1571:
1531:
1419:
812:
792:
711:
221:
1953:
1639:
1341:
940:
in 750, in which Marwan was killed; shortly after, the Umayyad realm entirely fell to the
359:
201:
1958:
1617:
1467:
850:
567:
543:
280:
276:
2050:
2044:
1708:
1693:
1670:
1607:
1576:
1546:
1482:
861:. Fighting in the latter's name, the Qaysi tribes of Amir, Sulaym and Ghatafan under
776:
595:
559:
454:
340:
320:
999:
Rentz, M. (1960). "Djazirat al-'Arab". In Lewis, B; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
1978:
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1921:
1899:
1875:
1814:
1799:
1775:
1765:
1725:
1536:
1514:
1492:
905:
901:
634:
618:
503:
479:
430:
292:
268:
148:
115:
30:
This article is about he Arab tribal confederation. For the Arabic given name, see
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1735:
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1634:
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105:
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1858:
1848:
1809:
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1683:
1646:
1472:
885:
784:
780:
741:
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438:
347:
296:
260:
130:
1326:. Reading: Garnet Publishing Limited & Southern Court. pp. 294â295.
1132:
FÃŒck, J. W. (1965). "Ghatafan". In Lewis, B; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
429:, both of whose founders were sons of Mansur ibn Ikrima ibn Khasafa, and the
2000:
1990:
1941:
1906:
1843:
1745:
1656:
1651:
1556:
1504:
1462:
936:
in Qaysi territory. The Qays were Marwan's principal military source in the
929:
881:
838:
699:
630:
539:
434:
390:
351:
248:
1916:
1911:
1437:
566:, particularly in the northern parts of those regions, in the provinces of
1730:
1104:
Caskel, W. (1960). "Bahila". In Lewis, B; Pellat, Ch; Schacht, J. (eds.).
920:
of Bahila. The Qays dominated the Umayyad government during the reigns of
1946:
1936:
1821:
1794:
1760:
1703:
1629:
1487:
1452:
1387:
925:
921:
857:
to succeed Mu'awiya II, while the Qays largely joined the rebel cause of
854:
796:
723:
703:
622:
583:
551:
523:
483:
466:
240:
153:
140:
2005:
1865:
1828:
1782:
1698:
1688:
1612:
1368:(1991) . "Kays Ê¿Aylan". In Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.; Schacht, J. (eds.).
893:
846:
804:
745:
646:
642:
515:
469:
each bore several sub-tribes. The largest sub-tribes of A'sur were the
422:
382:
244:
100:
755:
After the Ridda Wars, Qaysi tribesmen played an important part in the
239:
The major constituent tribes or tribal groupings of the Qays were the
2014:
1894:
1740:
1713:
1583:
1561:
1551:
1521:
933:
772:
748:
of the Banu Asad. The pagan Arab tribes were finally defeated in the
691:
658:
638:
591:
587:
571:
531:
487:
474:
442:
394:
264:
252:
17:
1428:
These prefixes ignored in the alphabetical ordering: Al, Bani, Banu.
1083:. Vol. 9, SanâSze (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 817.
621:
in a series of migratory waves. Among them were the Banu Sulaym in
381:
Qays was one of the two subdivisions of Mudar, the other being the
1720:
1509:
1499:
1457:
1372:. Vol. 4 Ira-Kha (2nd ed.). Leiden and New York: Brill.
1301:. In Houtsma, M. Th.; Wensinck, A. J.; Levi-Provençal, E. (eds.).
1049:. Vol. 3, HâIram (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 285.
727:
611:
527:
519:
398:
371:
225:
188:
82:
54:
343:(literally "sons of") when referring to the descendants of Qays.
1995:
1931:
1136:. Vol. 2, CâG (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 1023.
889:
607:
579:
535:
339:. Unlike most tribes of Arabia, the sources seldom use the term
38:
37:"Keis" redirects here. For the Japanese character encoding, see
31:
1391:
1108:. Vol. 1, AâB (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 920.
1003:. Vol. 1, AâB (2nd ed.). Leiden: Brill. p. 544.
441:
was Amir ibn Sa'sa' ibn Mu'awiya ibn Bakr ibn Hawazin, and the
1477:
800:
626:
506:
of the banu Adwan and banu Fahm, both founded by sons of Amr.
787:(both sub-tribes of the Banu Amir) and the Sulaym to inhabit
374:. The theory that Aylan is the father of Qays is rejected by
228:
group. The tribe appears to have functioned as a unit in the
1320:
Ibn 'Abd Rabbih (2011). Boullata, Emeritus Issa J. (ed.).
449:(the rear of Hawazin). The latter included the tribes of
872:
After Marj Rahit, the Qays came under the leadership of
494:, whose founder was a son of 'Awf ibn Sa'd ibn Dhubyan.
271:. Many of these tribes or their clans migrated from the
1350:(Second ed.). Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
629:, the Adwan in Ifriqiya, the Fazara and Banu Rawah in
315:, though it is most frequently referred to simply as
896:, and the two sides fought several battles near the
389:). As descendants of Mudar, the Qays are considered
502:The two main sub-tribes of the Amr branch were the
179:
88:
78:
70:
60:
46:
791:, northern Syria and the frontier region with the
1024:
1022:
1020:
534:, other areas in the Hejaz, the highlands of the
397:, father of the "South Arabians". By the dawn of
1028:Ibn Abd Rabbihi, ed. Boullata 2011, pp. 259â260.
799:. Qaysi tribesmen largely fought on the side of
694:on one side and the Qaysi Dhubyan and non-Qaysi
722:In the beginning, Qaysi tribes were hostile to
690:between the Qaysi Amir, Abs, Ghani, Bahila and
1244:
1242:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1234:
1232:
865:fought Marwan I and the Yamani faction at the
490:, whose founder was a son of Dhubyan, and the
1403:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1157:
1155:
1153:
307:The full name of the tribal confederation is
8:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
892:. Umayr also entangled the Qays against the
779:, brought numerous Qaysi tribesmen from the
653:(a sub-tribe of the Banu Amir) in Ifriqiya,
1069:Ibn Abd Rabbihi, ed. Boullata 2011, p. 261.
775:'s reign (644â656), the governor of Syria,
578:. However, they also had a presence around
421:From Khasafa descended the large tribes of
350:of the confederation, and traditional Arab
1410:
1396:
1388:
1202:
1200:
1127:
1125:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1034:
982:
980:
327:. Members of the Qays are referred to as
279:, the military district of the northern
994:
992:
952:
880:. From their respective strongholds in
730:teachings, which conflicted with their
43:
299:, where they carved out their power.
7:
232:(before 630). However, by the early
811:in 656 and against Mu'awiya in the
706:on the other side. The long war of
205:
405:came to refer all North Arabians.
25:
606:(al-Balqa), and in the cities of
558:. Qaysi tribes spread throughout
661:and the Banu Jusham in Morocco.
1323:The Unique Necklace, Volume III
546:(eastern Arabia), and parts of
208:), often referred to simply as
323:, it is referred to solely as
275:and established themselves in
74:Qays Aylan ibn Mudar ibn Nizar
1:
874:Zufar ibn al-Harith al-Kilabi
878:Umayr ibn al-Hubab al-Sulami
863:al-Dahhak ibn Qays al-Fihri
625:(central North Africa) and
2077:
1170:Fischer 1934, pp. 653â654.
822:
803:against his rivals within
542:(both in central Arabia),
36:
29:
2028:
1433:
1426:
1370:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1134:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1106:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1081:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1047:The Encyclopedia of Islam
1001:The Encyclopedia of Islam
346:Qays is the namesake and
222:Arab tribal confederation
53:
27:Arab tribal confederation
1305:. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
859:Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
829:Mu'awiya I founded the
765:al-Muthanna al-Shaybani
510:Geographic distribution
224:that branched from the
2061:Tribes of Saudi Arabia
815:in 657, respectively.
688:Battle of Shi'b Jabala
465:Sa'd's sons A'sur and
1283:Fischer 1934, p. 656.
1248:Fischer 1934, p. 655.
1194:Fischer 1934, p. 654.
1161:Fischer 1934, p. 653.
974:Fischer 1934, p. 652.
641:, the Banu Ashja' in
522:(western Arabia). By
1297:Fischer, A. (1934).
1257:Kennedy 2004, p. 79.
867:Battle of Marj Rahit
718:Early Islamic period
1984:Sa'd ibn Zayd Manat
1366:Watt, W. Montgomery
914:al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf
809:Battle of the Camel
708:Dahis and al-Ghabra
1589:Bakr ibn Abd Manat
1206:Watt 1978, p. 834.
986:Watt 1978, p. 833.
918:Qutayba ibn Muslim
843:QaysâYaman rivalry
825:QaysâYaman rivalry
670:Pre-Islamic period
319:; occasionally in
303:Name and genealogy
230:pre-Islamic Arabia
97:Mansur ibn Ikrima
2038:
2037:
942:Abbasid Caliphate
938:Battle of the Zab
831:Umayyad Caliphate
789:Upper Mesopotamia
750:Battle of Buzakha
737:conquest of Mecca
548:Lower Mesopotamia
289:Abbasid Caliphate
285:Upper Mesopotamia
273:Arabian Peninsula
234:Umayyad Caliphate
195:
194:
16:(Redirected from
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2056:Tribes of Arabia
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813:Battle of Siffin
793:Byzantine Empire
771:. During Caliph
757:Muslim conquests
686:battles was the
556:Muslim conquests
530:, the region of
453:, Banu Nasr and
207:
44:
21:
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2075:
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712:Kindite Kingdom
702:, Lakhmids and
672:
667:
512:
500:
463:
460:
419:
411:
385:(also known as
313:Qays ibn Ê¿AylÄn
305:
281:region of Syria
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28:
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988:
976:
951:
949:
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916:of Thaqif and
823:Main article:
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668:
666:
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511:
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496:
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680:Ayyam al-Arab
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596:Golan Heights
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321:Arabic poetry
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1369:
1346:
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1299:"Kais-Ailan"
1290:Bibliography
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1046:
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910:Abd al-Malik
882:al-Qarqisiya
871:
828:
754:
732:polytheistic
721:
683:
679:
675:
673:
635:Tripolitania
619:North Africa
616:
594:plains, the
513:
501:
480:Banu Dhubyan
464:
447:Ê¿ujz HawÄzin
446:
431:Banu Muharib
420:
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402:
386:
380:
355:
345:
336:
332:
328:
324:
316:
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308:
306:
293:North Africa
238:
217:
213:
209:
197:
196:
79:Parent tribe
2032:Arab tribes
1736:Abd al-Qays
1420:Arab tribes
1418:Historical
851:Mu'awiya II
819:Umayyad era
655:Constantine
604:Transjordan
576:Diyar Mudar
564:Mesopotamia
451:Banu Jusham
427:Banu Sulaym
376:Ibn Khaldun
358:, a son of
337:al-Qaysīyya
329:al-QaysÄyÅ«n
309:Qays Ê¿AylÄn
198:Qays Ê¿AylÄn
2045:Categories
1954:al-Samayda
1771:Taym Allah
1751:Banu Dhuhl
1312:9004082654
948:References
886:Ras al-Ayn
785:Banu Uqayl
781:Banu Kilab
777:Mu'awiya I
742:Ridda Wars
651:Banu Hilal
550:where the
518:along the
492:Banu Murra
471:Banu Ghani
439:progenitor
348:progenitor
297:al-Andalus
220:) were an
191:(post 630)
186:(pre-630)
184:Polytheism
1618:Abd-Shams
1557:Banu Kanz
1463:Banu Asad
930:Marwan II
839:Banu Kalb
700:Banu Asad
631:Cyrenaica
600:Palestine
568:Qinnasrin
455:Banu Sa'd
435:Banu Amir
391:Adnanites
352:genealogy
206:ÙÙس عÙÙاÙ
135:Al-Tufawa
2030:Part of
1937:Juhaynah
1815:Tha'laba
1795:Ghatafan
1577:Mustaliq
1567:Khath'am
1532:Al-Haram
1453:Banu Amr
1344:(2004).
926:Walid II
922:Yazid II
855:Marwan I
767:and the
726:and his
724:Muhammad
704:Kindites
623:Ifriqiya
584:Damascus
570:(around
552:Lakhmids
538:and the
524:Muhammad
484:Banu Abs
467:Ghatafan
437:, whose
409:Branches
241:Ghatafan
180:Religion
141:Ghatafan
94:Khasafa
89:Branches
2006:Al Fadl
1979:Hanzala
1927:Balqayn
1900:Muharib
1876:Qushayr
1866:Khafaja
1829:Hawazin
1800:Dhubyan
1783:Taghlib
1766:Shayban
1726:Muzayna
1689:Madhhaj
1675:Khuthir
1613:Quraysh
1608:Jadhima
1572:Khuza'a
1537:Hudhayl
1493:Khazraj
894:Taghlib
847:Yazid I
807:at the
805:Quraysh
797:Armenia
746:Tulayha
728:Islamic
665:History
647:Morocco
643:Algeria
544:Bahrayn
516:Tihamah
423:Hawazin
417:Khasafa
383:Khindif
331:(sing.
269:Muharib
245:Hawazin
149:Dhubyan
116:Muharib
101:Hawazin
2015:Thamud
2001:Jarrah
1991:Tanukh
1959:Sa'ida
1917:Bahra'
1912:Quda'a
1895:Bahila
1885:Sulaym
1839:Thaqif
1805:Fazara
1756:Hanifa
1741:Anizah
1731:Rabi'a
1714:Zubaid
1679:Lihyan
1635:Hashim
1623:Umayya
1599:Ghifar
1594:Damrah
1584:Kinana
1562:Kahlan
1552:Jurhum
1542:Judham
1527:Hamdan
1522:Bajila
1515:Zahran
1468:Ash'ar
1376:
1354:
1330:
1309:
1140:
1112:
1087:
1053:
1007:
934:Harran
906:Tigris
902:Balikh
898:Khabur
773:Uthman
769:Levant
763:under
761:Persia
692:Bajila
659:Annaba
649:, the
639:Fezzan
592:Hawran
588:Ghouta
586:, the
574:) and
572:Aleppo
540:Yamama
532:Medina
488:Fazara
475:Bahila
443:Thaqif
395:Qahtan
387:al-YÄs
356:al-NÄs
325:Ê¿AylÄn
265:Bahila
257:Sulaym
253:Thaqif
202:Arabic
127:A'sur
112:Ziyad
106:Sulaym
2020:Yaman
1974:Tamim
1969:Shuja
1964:Shehr
1947:Salih
1907:Qedar
1890:Ghani
1871:Kilab
1859:Uqayl
1849:Hilal
1810:Murra
1721:Maqil
1709:Nukha
1684:Lakhm
1671:Kinda
1662:Zuhra
1647:Jumah
1640:Abbas
1547:Ju'fa
1510:Ghamd
1500:Bariq
1483:Ansar
1473:Aslam
1458:Anmar
1448:Amila
696:Tamim
684:Ayyam
612:Basra
560:Syria
528:Mecca
520:Hejaz
403:Qaysī
399:Islam
372:Adnan
368:Ma'ad
364:Nizar
360:Mudar
333:Qaysī
261:Ghani
226:Mudar
189:Islam
168:Adwan
158:Anmar
145:Ashja
131:Ghani
124:Sa'd
83:Mudar
66:Qaysi
62:Nisba
18:Kaysi
2051:Qays
1996:Tayy
1942:Kalb
1932:Jarm
1922:Bali
1854:Ka'b
1844:Amir
1790:Qays
1657:Taym
1652:Sahm
1505:Daws
1374:ISBN
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1328:ISBN
1307:ISBN
1138:ISBN
1110:ISBN
1085:ISBN
1051:ISBN
1005:ISBN
924:and
904:and
890:Iraq
884:and
876:and
795:and
657:and
645:and
637:and
610:and
608:Kufa
590:and
580:Homs
562:and
536:Najd
482:and
478:the
461:Sa'd
425:and
370:ibn
366:ibn
362:ibn
341:Banū
317:Qays
295:and
283:and
267:and
249:Amir
218:áž²ays
214:Kais
210:Qays
171:Fahm
165:Amr
47:Qays
39:KEIS
32:Qais
1822:Abs
1761:Ijl
1704:Awd
1699:Ans
1630:Adi
1488:Aws
1478:Azd
1443:Akk
1438:Ê¿Äd
801:Ali
759:of
627:Fes
498:Amr
311:or
216:or
154:Abs
49:ÙÙس
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212:(
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