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In personal life, this concept manifests through ethical and ritual observance. For example, Jewish law requires individuals to sanctify themselves in what is permissible, meaning that even ordinary activities like eating or engaging in business should be infused with a sense of purpose and alignment
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is tied to moral behavior. Holiness is not only about fulfilling ritual commandments but also about living an ethical life, treating others with dignity, and striving for justice. This is particularly evident in the
Holiness Code (Leviticus 19), which links holiness with ethical commandments such as
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represents the idea of separation—being set apart from what is ordinary or profane. However, it also signifies elevation, as something is made holy when it is dedicated to a higher purpose. This is evident in the sanctification of objects used for mitzvot (commandments), such as
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are considered the holiest locations. The
Mishkan (Tabernacle) and later the Beit HaMikdash (Temple) were physical spaces designated for divine service, and the holiness of these places was so profound that access was restricted to certain times and individuals, such as the
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in various ways. For some, holiness is primarily about creating boundaries that separate the sacred from the profane. For others, it is more about a continuous process of spiritual growth, where one elevates oneself and the world through good deeds and mitzvot.
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is ק.ד.ש., which means "to be set apart" or "to be holy." In the Torah, holiness is primarily associated with God and His commandments, but it is also a status that human beings and objects can attain through dedication and sanctification. The concept of
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Some modern thinkers emphasize the need for a return to the sacred, arguing that in an increasingly secular world, the concept of holiness remains a vital spiritual goal. Others focus on the ethical dimensions of
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19:2 commands the Jewish people to "be holy" because God
Himself is holy, establishing a central tenet of Judaism: that humans can strive for holiness by aligning their actions with divine will. The
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is not inherent in objects or people but is achieved through the performance of mitzvot. He taught that holiness is a potential that must be actualized through actions.
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Time itself can be sanctified. Shabbat is referred to as a holy day, a day of rest that is set apart from the regular workweek. Similarly, the
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signifies a state of being that is spiritually elevated, distinct from the mundane, and aligned with the divine. In Jewish tradition,
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is linked to the idea of being separate from the profane and mundane, elevating the physical world toward a higher, spiritual plane.
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Judaism emphasizes that not only God, but also people, places, and times can be imbued with holiness. These different aspects of
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Contemporary Jewish thought continues to grapple with the meaning and application of
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or a Torah scroll, which become holy by virtue of their use in divine service.
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The holiness of time is also a biblical concept, most notably in relation to
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honesty in business, respect for others, and care for the vulnerable.
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In addition to the ritual aspects of holiness, Judaism stresses that
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Certain places are considered holier than others. The land of
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A Jew lifting a Torah scroll, which is imbued with kedusha
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Different Jewish thinkers have approached the concept of
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encompasses the holiness of God, the sanctity of the
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562:"What Is the Meaning of Kadosh and Kedusha?"
361:"What Is the Meaning of Kadosh and Kedusha?"
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